英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣課件

1、Subjunctive MoodSubjunctive Mood生活中的例子后悔的事想得到而得不到的東西想做而不能做的事情If I had studied harder, I could have enrolled in a better university.How I wish I could have a beautiful house!If I could / were to visit some foreign countries, I would be very happy.生活中的例子想得到而得不到的東西想做而不能做的事情If I 虛 擬 語(yǔ) 氣表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀(guān)愿望和假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、

2、建議、可能或空想等。If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk.（事實(shí)上重力客觀(guān)存在）I wish I knew French. (事實(shí)上“我”不懂法語(yǔ))He suggested that we (should) come another day. (建議)虛 擬 語(yǔ) 氣表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀(guān)愿望和假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、建議、可能或wish引導(dǎo)的虛擬句wish引導(dǎo)的虛擬句I wish I _(be) as tall as you.wereI wish I _(be) as tall aI wish/wished I _( eat ) so m

3、uch watermelon yesterday.hadnt eatenI wish/wished I _( I wish it would rain tomorrow.I wish it would rain tomorrow.I wish I remembered the address.我要是記得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）How I wish he had not left.要是他沒(méi)有離開(kāi)這里就好了。（他已離開(kāi)）I wish it would rain tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（說(shuō)話(huà)人以預(yù)料明天不會(huì)下雨）wish + thatHow I wishIf onlydid/we

4、re 現(xiàn)在had done 過(guò)去would / might /could do 將來(lái)I wish I remembered the addres1.Sometimes I wish I _ in a different time and a different place. a. be living b. were living c. would live d. would have lived2. Jack wishes that he _ business instead of history when he was in university. a. had studied b. stu

5、dy c. studied d. had been studyingBA1.Sometimes I wish I _ in if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句 If I have time , I will help you with this work. If I had time , I would help you with this work. Tell the difference如果我有時(shí)間會(huì)幫助你做此工作的。 可惜我沒(méi)有時(shí)間。表示允諾，應(yīng)該會(huì)有時(shí)間表示遺憾，肯定沒(méi)有時(shí)間條件句 If I have time , I will help 例句If you had come a

6、few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早來(lái)幾分鐘的話(huà)，你就能見(jiàn)到他了。(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天氣好的話(huà)，我來(lái)看你。(與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反)3. If I were you, I would go at once. 假如我是你的話(huà)，我會(huì)馬上走。(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，事實(shí)上我不可能是你)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 在if 條件從句中例句虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 在if 條件從句中主從句的謂語(yǔ)形式時(shí)間If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)did / were

7、had donewould/could/should/might +V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might + V.(原)虛擬語(yǔ)氣可以表示過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的情況，時(shí)態(tài)的基本特點(diǎn)是時(shí)態(tài)往后推移。“后退一步法” 主從句的謂語(yǔ)形式時(shí)間If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)如果昨晚下過(guò)雨，今天就會(huì)很冷了。 If it had rained last night（過(guò)去）, it would be very cold today （現(xiàn)在）.混

8、合條件句 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句有時(shí)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間，主句從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式因時(shí)間不同而不同，這種條件句叫做混合條件句。如果你昨天問(wèn)過(guò)他，今天就知道做什么了。（從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。）If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果昨晚下過(guò)雨，今天就會(huì)很冷了。 混合條件句 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬9.(2009日照二次調(diào)研)“If I taking drugs,I would be a successful businessman now,”said the dying heroin

9、addict. A.didnt start B.havent started C.hadnt startedD.shouldnt start解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此題是一個(gè)混合虛擬語(yǔ)氣 句，從句是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的虛擬，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成 時(shí)，主句指說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)可能產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。C9.(2009日照二次調(diào)研)“If I 1. 如果過(guò)去天氣好的話(huà)，現(xiàn)在莊稼長(zhǎng)得更好了 If the weather _finer, the crops _still better. 2.如果你聽(tīng)了老師的建議的話(huà)，你現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在醫(yī)院里了 If you _ the teachers advice, you _ in the hospital.

10、 3. 如果你身體狀況好一些的話(huà)，我們本可能會(huì)讓你去幫助他們工作的 If you in better health,we _ you to go there to help their work.had beencould have allowedwould be growinghad followedwouldnt bewere 1. 如果過(guò)去天氣好的話(huà)，現(xiàn)在莊稼長(zhǎng)得更好了had b虛擬語(yǔ)氣Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed2

11、. If I had known you were coming, I _ you at the airport. A. had met B. met C. would meet D. would have metMore ExercisesAD虛擬語(yǔ)氣Alan _ the party if he h虛擬語(yǔ)氣3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen4. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A

12、. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sell5. I wish this bus _ to the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had goneBAB虛擬語(yǔ)氣3. If only I _ to my par6. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得飽), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get7. He is talking

13、so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been8. I _ you some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lentCAB6. Simon looks as though he ne9. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D.

14、had10. I dont think it is the right time that you _. A. will go B. went C. go D. must go11. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenDBC9. Have you ever been to Bei PracticeFinish a writing passage, according to the Chi

15、nese given. Jim剛剛做完左腿手術(shù)而被告訴一個(gè)月不能走動(dòng)。他后悔如果前一天晚上沒(méi)有玩電腦游戲，今天早晨就可以早點(diǎn)兒起床，也就不會(huì)因?yàn)榕逻t到而撞倒致使自己住院了。媽媽也因?yàn)閮鹤記](méi)有按時(shí)睡覺(jué)而在責(zé)備他。同時(shí)Jim也在遺憾下周的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)不能參加了，預(yù)想的400米冠軍也不能得到了。 PracticeFi PracticeComplete the following passage with the verbs in brackets,using the Subjunctive Mood. PracticeCo Jim has just had an operation on his leg.

16、 He was told he would have to stay in bed for at least three months. Now he regrets what he did: The accident would not have happened if he had not been so foolish. He (not wake up) so late that morning if he _ (not stay up) late the night before playing computer games. wouldnt have woken uphadnt st

17、ayed up Jim has just had an opera Jims mother agreed:”If my son _(get up) half an hour earlier, he _ (not ride) his bike so crazily.”Jims mother blamed Jim in front of the doctor,”If he _ _(follow) advice and gone to bed earlier ,he _(spend) more time on his way to school and he _(not hit)a tree by

18、the street.”had got upwouldnt have riddenhadfollowedcould have spentwouldt have hit Jims mother agreed:”If “Yes, indeed, Mum”answered Jim in a low voice. “ But you know if I _(not notice) the little girl crossing the street all of a sudden, I_( knock) her down. My leg_ (not injure),and instead of me

19、 the girl _(take)to hospital.hadnt noticedwould have knockedwouldhave been injuredwould have been taken “Yes, indeed, Mum”answ Lying in bed, Jim kept on saying “ How I wish I_ (be) more careful,Mum!” It was true that if this accident had not happened, Jim _(find) himself sitting in the classroom enj

20、oying his class.And it _(be) possible even for him to win the 400-meter race in the sports competition if he _(join) them the next week.had beenwould foundwould becould join Lying in bed, Jim kepso that 與in order that 二者引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)部分應(yīng)該用may /might/can /could /etc.+動(dòng)詞原形 She stayed at home for a few da

21、ys so that she might have more time to study it. She listened carefully in order that she minght discover exactly what he wanted. He went to the station in a taxi so that he should not miss the train.so that 與in order that 9.用 “may+動(dòng)詞原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此時(shí)may須置于句首 May good luck be yours!祝你好運(yùn)！May you be happy

22、!祝你快樂(lè)！May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就 Long live the people! 人民萬(wàn)歲！“God bless you,” said the priest.牧師說(shuō)：“愿上帝保佑你！” 9.用 “may+動(dòng)詞原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此時(shí)may須置于 含蓄條件句 含蓄條件句非真實(shí)條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來(lái)，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。含蓄條件句大體有三種情況: 非真實(shí)條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來(lái)，只暗含在上下文中，這種1. 條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中。如： W hat would I have done without you? (條件暗含在分詞短語(yǔ)

23、without you中) It would be easier to do it this way. (條件暗含在不定式短語(yǔ)to do it this way 中) But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment. (暗含條件是but for your help)1. 條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中。如： W hat would This same thing, happening in wartime, would lead to a disaster. (條件暗含在分詞短語(yǔ)happening in wartime中) He must have th