高考英語概要寫作說明文

1、(圓滿版)高考英語大綱寫作之說明文(圓滿版)高考英語大綱寫作之說明文6/6(圓滿版)高考英語大綱寫作之說明文高考英語大綱寫作之說明文一、寫作指導說明文的大綱寫作一般有三種參照模板：1）描述某事物的性質(zhì)功能。即“對象+性質(zhì)功能+利害”：（inthepassage）thewriterintroducestous,especiallyits.,fromwhichweknow（2）針對某個問題提出解決方法或措施。即“問題+解決方法”：Thepassagetellsus.Sotheauthortellsushowto.,including介紹某現(xiàn)象及其原因、結(jié)果。即“現(xiàn)象+原因+結(jié)果”：Theautho

2、rtalksabout.Itiscausedby.Asaresult(consequently),.在大綱寫作前，我們要通讀短文，確定其內(nèi)容是屬于那各種類，今后選擇確當?shù)哪０?。注意：不要關(guān)注一些次要的細節(jié)卻遺漏重要的要點，盡量少使用原文語句，多用自己的概括性的語言；3到5個句子即可。二、寫作訓練1.Inschoolsandathome,mostofUShavebeenscolded(責備manymedicalstudieshaveshownsomethingdifferent.Theyvestressedthefactthatdaydreamingworkswondersonourimagin

3、ation,creativityandsituation-handlingtechniques.Infact,manyproblemscanbeeasilysolvedifwedaydream.Thetopmostbenefitofdaydreamingisthatyourmoodgetstherightimprovement.Byseparatingyourselffromtheworldaroundyou,youtendtoenjoythelonelinessinyourmindandgetpeacefromdaydreamingasyouthinkaboutsomethingthatca

4、lmsyoursenses.Whenyoustartimaginingthings,youwillforgetallthestressandtension(緊張).Instead,youwillgethappinessfromitandthishappinesswillturnintoasourceofenergythathelpsyouworkinagoodmood.Manypsycologistshavesaidthatpeoplewhodaydreamtendtohaveasharpermemory.Ityouredaydreaming,youlltendtogetcarriedaway

5、toimaginevarioussituations,eitherrealorunreal.Youtendtoactdifferentlyindifferentsituations,tryingtosatisfyyourmindbydoingwhatyouwantinyourdreams.Whenyourmindgetssatisfied,youreinabetterpositiontoconcentratemoreonyourwork.Sincedaydreamingactivates(激活）thenervesofyourbrain,youtendtohavehigherattentiven

6、essandyourabilitytorememberthingswilldevelop.Whenyoudaydream,youautomaticallyimagineyourselfasyourheartsaysandtherefore,yougettoknowyourselfbetter.Youalsostartrealizingthemistakesyouvemadeinlifeandtryingyourbesttoavoidrepeatingthem.Suchimaginationtechniqueshelpyoutoconnectyourselfwithyoursoul._2.The

7、poaching，orillegal(非法)killing，ofrhinos(犀牛)inSouthAfricaisgrowingworseeachyearThegovernmentrecentlyreportedthatarecordnumberofrhinoswerepoachedin2014，ayearwhichhadmore1rhinokillingsinSouthAfricathaneverbeforeTheWorldWildlifeFund，orWWF，saysabout20，000rhinosliveinSouthAfricaThatismorethan80percentofthe

8、rhinosintheworldEdnaMolewa，SouthAfricasenvironmentalissuesminister，says，“During2014，wearesadtosaythis：1，215rhinoswerekilledThisisariseinthenumberofpoachedrhinosfrom1004in2013andindeedveryworrying”Theanimalsarehuntedfortheirhorns(犀牛角)ManypeopleinAsiabelievethehornhascuringpower，whichdrivespoachers，at

9、allcosts，madformorehornsButthereisnoscientificevidenceforthisbeliefThehornismadeofkeratinThatisthesamethingashumanhair，fingernailsandtoenailsMsMo1ewasaid386suspectedpoacherswerearrestedlastyear，anincreasefromtheyearbeforeButrhinoprotectionworkerssaypoachersoftengounpunishedafterarrestSouthAfricalega

10、lssystemisineffectiveMsMolewasaidmoreneedstobedoneandSouthAfricaistakingstrongmeasurestoprotectrhinosTheeffortsincludemovingsomeoftheanimalstosecretplacesinneighboringcountries“Nowapproximately100rhinoshavebeenmovedtoneighboringstatesintheSADCregionduring2014and200morerhinoswillbemovedthisyear”Molew

11、asaidJoShaw，therhinoprogrammanagerattheWWF，said，“weretalkingaboutalossofahundredrhinosamonthOrmorethanthreeadayWereallyneedtoseeeffectiveactionnotjustatanationallevelbutinternationally”Shesaysofficialsshouldfindthecriminalgroupsresponsibleforthepoachingandpunishthem_3.Parentsshouldthinktwicebeforere

12、wardingtheirchildrensgoodbehaviourwithsweets,accordingtoaleadingnutritionist.ProfessorSusanJebb,ofOxfordUniversity,saysfamilyattitudesshouldchangeaspartofawiderstrategyontacklingobesity（肥胖）-andthereshouldbeanalternativetotheeasyoptionofhandingoutsweetstoyoungsters.SpeakingtotheSundayExpress,ProfJebb

13、said:Unlessyouinstill(灌輸)goodeatinghabitsfromayoungage,itislikelychildrenwillgrowuptobecomeoverweightadults.Butitisverydifficulttopersuadeparentswhoseetheirchildren,whoareahealthyweight,oftherisksahead.Unlikewithsmoking,wherethebenefitsofgivingupareobviouswithevidenceshowingthateverysinglecigarettes

14、hortensyourlife,thesamecannotbesaidforeverysinglebiscuityoueat.ShealsowelcomedlastweekscommentsbyDavidCameronthatBritainsobesitycrisisshouldbetreatedasseriouslyassmokingandthatataxonsugarydrinkscouldbebackontheagenda（議程）.ThePrimeMinister2hintedatanextraordinaryU-turnamidgrowingpublicsupportfora20per

15、centlevy.Hesaid:Idontreallywanttoputnewtaxesonanythingbutwedohavetorecognisethatwefacesomethingofanobesitycrisis.MrCameronsaidthecostsofdiabetes,heartdiseaseandcancertreatmentfortheoverweightcoststheNHShugesums.Headded:Wedoneedtohaveafully-worked-upprogrammetodealwiththisproblemandaddresstheseissues

16、inBritainandwewillbemakingannouncementslaterintheyear.Expertshavealsowarnedthatobesity-fuelledbylargeamountsofsugar-isescalatingatsucharatethatitwillcausealmost700,000additionalcasesofcancerwithinthenext20years,expertshavewarned.Theysaythatbeingoverweightisalreadythenewnormandpredictthatfourintenadu

17、ltswillbeobeseby2035.Estimatesalsoshowthatbythistimeobesity-relatedillnesses,includingdiabetesandheartdisease,willcosttheNHSmorethan7.5billionayear._4.Theexpression,“everybodysdoingit,”isverymuchatthecenterofpetherconceptpressure(of伙伴壓力).Itisastronginfluenceofagroup,especiallyofchildren,onmembersoft

18、hatgrouptobehaveaseverybodyelsedoes.Itcanbepositiveornegative.Mostpeopleexperienceitinsomewayduringtheirlives.Peoplearesocialcreaturesbynature,andsoitishardlysurprisingthatpartoftheirself-respectcomesfromtheapprovalofothers.Thisinstinct(天性)iswhytheapprovalofpeers,orthefearofdisapproval,issuchapowerf

19、ulforceinmanypeopleinstinctthatdrivespeopletodressonewayathomeandanotherwayatwork,ortoanswer“fineasks“howareyou?”evenifitisnotnecessarilytrue.Thereisapracticalaspecttothis:ithelpssocietytofunctionefficiently,andencouragesagenerallevelofself-disciplinethatsimplifiesday-to-dayinteraction.Forcertainind

20、ividuals,seekingsocialacceptanceissoimportantthatitbecomeslikeanaddiction;inordertosatisfythedesire,theymaygosofarastoabandontheirsenseofrightandwrong.Teensandyoungadultsmayfeelforcedtousedrugs,orjoingangsthatencouragecriminalbehavior.Matureadultsmaysometimesfeelpressuredtocoverupillegalactivityatth

21、ecompanywheretheywork,orendupindebtbecausetheyareunabletoholdbackthedesiretobuyahouseorcarthattheycantaffordinaneffortto“keepupwiththeJoneses.notalwaysnegative.Astudentwhosefriendsaregoodatacademicsmaybeurgedtostudyharderandgetgoodgrades.Playersonasportsteammayfeeldriventoplayharderinordertohelpthet

22、eamwin.Thistypeofinfluencecanalsogetafriendoffdrugs,ortohelpanadulttakeupagoodhabitordropabadone.Studygroupsandclassprojectsareexamplesofpositivepeergroupsthatencouragepeopletobetterthemselves.Schoolstrytoteachkidsaboutthedangersofnegativepeerpressure.Theyteachkidstostandupandbethemselves,andencoura

23、gethemtopolitely3declinetodothingsthattheybelievearewrong.Similarly,itcanbehelpfultoencouragechildrentogreetthebeneficialinfluenceofpositivepeergroups._Keys:1.Manypeopleregarddaydreamingasawasteoftimeandenergy.However,thatisnotthecase.ManymedicalStudieshavefoundthatdaydreaminghasalotofbenefits.First

24、ofall,daydreamingcanimproveyourmood.Whatsmore,ithelpsdevelopyourmemory.Lastbutnotleast,daydreaminghelpsyoutoknowyourselfbetter.2.ThepoachingofrhinosisgettingworseinSouthAfricaeachyear,accordingtothegovernmentandWWF.Manyrhinosarekilledfortheirhornsehichisbelievedtohavecuringpower.Althouhmorepoachersa

25、rearrested,theyhardlygetpunished.SothemembersofWWFarecallingonmoremeassureswhichshouldtakenbythegovernmentandthewholeworldtoprotectrhinos.,includingeffectivelegalsystem,rhinoslivingplaceandeveninternationalcooperation.3.ProfessorSusanJebb,ofOxfordUniversity,urgesparentstoseekhealthieralternativetohandingkidobesityratherthanadopteasymethods.Addtionnally,DavidCameronsaidobesitycrisiswasasseriousassmoking.Sofamiliesarerequiredtointroducegoodeatinghabitstohelpavo