高中英語語法主謂一致講解與練習(xí)

1、(圓滿word版)高中英語語法主謂一致解說與練習(xí)(圓滿word版)高中英語語法主謂一致解說與練習(xí)6/6(圓滿word版)高中英語語法主謂一致解說與練習(xí)由and連結(jié)的并列單數(shù)主語前若是分別有時，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式:Everyman,woman,andchildneedslove.Eachboyandgirlwasgivenabook.Everyminuteandeverysecondisprecious.高中語法：主謂一致.主謂一致原則含義：在英語句子中，謂語受主語支配，其動詞必定和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。分類：語法一致原則、邏輯意義一致原則、就近原則。.語法一致原則：謂語動詞和主語在單、

2、復(fù)數(shù)形式上保持一致。以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.Whathesaidistrue.【注意】由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，后邊的謂語動詞多半情況用單數(shù)形式，但若表語是復(fù)數(shù)或what從句是一個帶有復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列構(gòu)造時，主句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.WhatIsayanddohas

3、nothingtodowithyou.apairof+表無生命的名詞+單數(shù)謂語；apairof+表人或動物的名詞+單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)謂語：Thispairofshoesisnotmine.Thehappypairis/aregoingtoHawaiifortheirhoneymoon.“單數(shù)名詞+and+單數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)：YouandIaregoodfriends.Theboyandthegirlweresosurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.【注意】若是and并列的主語指的是同一個人或物時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)：a/the+單數(shù)名詞（人）+and+單數(shù)名詞（人）+單

4、數(shù)謂語a/the+單數(shù)名詞（人）+and+a/the+單數(shù)名詞（人）+復(fù)數(shù)謂語Thedancerandsingerwasgreetedbyacrowdofpeople.Thedancerandthesingerweregreetedbyacrowdofpeople.no,each,everymorethana(an),manya(an)修飾有些用and連結(jié)起來的單數(shù)名詞，單詞用單數(shù)。這類名詞詞組有：由于關(guān)系親密，已被看作一個整體，所以作主語時，謂語knifeandfork刀叉breadandbutter面包和黃油needleandthread針線fishandchips炸魚加薯條thestar

5、sandstripes星條旗FishandchipsisapopularfastfoodinEngland.主語為單數(shù)名詞或代詞，后邊跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短語，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式:Thefactorywithallitsequipmenthasbeenburnt.Themanager,alongwithhissecretaries,isgoingtoadinnerpartytonight.Theteacher,aswel

6、lastheparents,istoblamefortheaccident.each;each+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；eachof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語都用單數(shù)形式：Eacharrivesontime.Eachofthebuildingispaintedadifferentcolor.由any,some,no,every與body,one,thing組成的不定代詞作主語或主語的一部分，謂語用單數(shù)：Everybodyisdoinghisbest.Thereisnothingyoucandotohelp.在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞that,who,which等作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與先行詞的數(shù)一致：Hewh

7、olaughslastlaughsbest.試比較：Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.若是集體名詞指的是整個集體，它的謂語動詞用單數(shù)；若是它指集體的成員，其謂語動詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式,這些詞有army,family,audience,club,class,group,organization,troop等：Thegraduatingclassisinthelaboratory.Theclasswereallcheerful.Ateamwhichisfullofenthusiasm

8、ismorelikelytowin.Theteamweretalkingoversomenewplans.【注意】people,police,cattle等名詞一般都用作復(fù)數(shù):Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.在倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與此后的主語一致Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.:【練一練】Betweenthetworoads_aTVtowercalled“SkyscraperTower”.HaveyouheardthatTom,alongwithhisparents,_toFrance?-Really?NowonderI

9、haventseenhimthesedays.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.havebeenD.havegoneThere_apairoftrousersonthebed.A.areB.isC.hasD.have_and_aregoingabroadnextThursday?Whichofthefollowingiswrong?A.Thefather;sonB.Thesinger;dancerC.Asinger;adancerD.He;IA_and_hasbeenboughtforyou.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?A.goldwatch;chainB.kn

10、ife;forkC.desk;butD.pen;pencilNothingbutonedeskandsixchairs_intheroom.A.areB.isstayedC.isD.hasEverystudentandeveryteacher_.A.aregoingtoattendthemeetingB.haveattendedthemeetingC.hasattendedthemeetingD.isattendedthemeetingTheNewYorkTimes_allovertheUnitedStates.A.isreadB.isreadingC.arereadD.arereadingT

11、here_tobesomethingwrongwithhissister,_?A.seem;isnittB.seems;doesnthereC.seem;isnthereD.seems;doesntitIthinkTom,_you,_toblame.A.ratherthan;isB.ratherthan;areC.morethan;areD.lessthan;isThespeakersatthemeetingagreedthatthewaysinwhichtelevisioncaneducateaperson_almostinfinite.A.beB.areC.isD.are“Ifanybod

12、y_,pleaseputdown_name,”saidtheteachertothemonitor.A.wantstobuythebook;hisB.wanttobuythebook;theirC.willbuythebook;onesD.wantstohavethebookbought;herMyfamily_largeandmyfamily_reading.A.is;enjoyB.is;enjoysC.are;enjoyD.are;enjoysThecustomsandcultureofAmerica_verymuchlike_ofEngland.A.is;thatB.are;thoseC

13、.havebeen;theonesD.hasbeen;theoneOnlyoneofthestudentswho_present_tospeakatthemeeting.A.is;isB.are;areC.are;isD.is;are.邏輯意義一致原則：謂語動詞的數(shù)必定和主語的意義一致（因有時主語形式為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)；有時形式為復(fù)數(shù)，但意義為單數(shù)。）what,who,which,any,more,all等代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，主要靠意思來決定：Whichisyoufavoritesubject?Whichareyourfavoritesubjects?Allisgoingwell.

14、AllhavegonetoBeijing.表示時間、重量、長度、價值等的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語時，因常表示一個整體的見解，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式：Eighthoursofsleepisenough.Tendollarsistoomuchtopayfortheshirt.復(fù)數(shù)形式的專出名詞，如書名、劇名、報名、國名等，其謂語用單數(shù)：TheUnitedNationshasitsheadquartersinNewYorkCity.TheThameshasalargepopulation.一些學(xué)科名詞是以-ics結(jié)尾，如：mathematics,politics,physics，以及news，works等，都

15、屬于形式上是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，實質(zhì)意義是單數(shù)名詞，它們作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：Worldeconomicshasadirecteffectonworldpeace.Physicswashermajor.“定冠詞the+形容詞或分詞”，表示某一類人時，動詞用復(fù)數(shù)：Therichgetricherandthepoorgetpoorer.Thegoodarewellrewarded,andthebadpunished.【練一練】_is_.Whichiswrong?A.Twodays;alongvacationforthestudentsC.TheNewYorkTimes;publisheddaily

16、Therich_notalwayshappy.A.isB.areB.Oneandahalfdollars;notenough.C.800miles;longdistanceWhatsheleftme_afewoldbooks.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveTenminutes_anhourwhenoneiswaitingforaphonecall.A.isB.areC.seemsD.seemThePhilippines_ofmorethan7,000islands.A.consistsB.consistC.makeupD.makesup.就近原則：謂語動詞的人稱與近來的主語保持一致。

17、當兩個主語由or;eitheror;neithernor;whetheror;notonlybutalso連結(jié)時，謂語動詞和周邊的主語一致：GeorgeorIamwrong.EitherJohnorhisfriendsaretoblameforthebadresults.NeithermybrothernorIamgoingtothesummercamp.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisinvitedtotheparty.therebe句型be動詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于此后的主語，則應(yīng)與湊近的那個主語保持一致：(here引導(dǎo)的句子用法相同)Thereisap

18、en,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.Therearetwentygirlsandonlyoneboyinourclass.【練一練】NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.beEithertheteachersorthepresident_themeeting.A.attendsB.attendC.areattendingD.haveattendedThemanagerorhissecretary_togiveyouaninterview.

19、A.isB.areC.wereD.haveNeitherofyoursuggestions_sense.A.makesB.makeC.ismadeD.aremadeThere_20dollarsandtwocardsinmypurse.A.areB.isC.haveD.has.表示數(shù)量的短語作主語時的謂語形式“manya/morethanone+單數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)：Manyashiphasbeenwreckedonthoserocks.Morethanonegrammaticalmistakewasfoundinhiscomposition.表示鳥獸魚群的詞,如aflockofbi

20、rds,apackofdogs,aprideoflions,aherdofcattle,aschooloffish等作主語，謂語用單數(shù)：Aflockofbirdsiscirclingoverhead.alotof,lotsof,plentyof,thepercentageof,分數(shù)詞+of,aquantityof,quantitiesof作主語的一部分時，與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式；與不可以數(shù)名詞連用，謂語用單數(shù)形式：Two-fifthsofthemoneyismine.Two-fifthsofthestudentsintheclassarefromEnglish-speakingcoun

21、tries.Therewasquantitiesofrainthisfall.agreatdealof,anamountof,alittleof,muchof等與不可以數(shù)名詞連用時，謂語用單數(shù)：Muchofthefurnitureisuncomfortable.Thereisalimitedamountofoilintheworld.agoodmany,agreatmany,anumberof與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用作主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)：Therewereagreatmanypeopleinthepark.Anumberofstudentswereabsent.【注意】“thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)

22、名詞+單數(shù)謂語”，表示“的數(shù)量”：Thenumberofdaysinaweekisseven.【練一練】About60percentofthestudents_fromthesouth,therestofthem_fromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;isThenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty;butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;was,B.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;wereManyachild_tow

23、alkbeforehecanspeak.A.learnB.learnsC.learnedD.havelearnedMorethanonegirl_lateforclassthismorning.A.areB.isC.wasD.wereThepopulationofChina_over1,200millionandeightypercentofthepopulation_peasants.A.is;areB.are;isC.is;isD.are;areHomework:Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,_visitingamuseumwhenthee

24、arthquakestruck.D.wouldbe2.Therich_notalwayshappy.C.makepossibleproducingD.makeitpossibleproducing4.Avarietyofbooks_thechildrenofdifferentages.A.areinterestedinB.isinterestedinC.areintendingforD.isintendingfor5.Tomaswellastwoofhisfriends_totheconcertlastnightA.hasbeeninvitedB.hadbeeninvitedC.wereinv

25、itedD.wasinvited6.Mike,whatdidourmonitorsayjustnow?Everyboyandeverygirlaswellasteacherswhotovisitthemuseumaskedtobeattheschoolgatebefore6:30inthemorning.A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are7.ApoetandartistcomingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingstomorrowafternoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.were8.ItisI_my

26、parentswho_toblamefortheaccident.A.otherthan;areB.ratherthan;amC.morethan;areD.than;is9.Inourschool,manyaboy_playingfootballandmoregirlsthanone_playingit.A.likes;likesB.like;likeC.like;likesD.likes;like10.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents_toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be11.Whatweusedtothink_impossiblenowdoesseempossible.D.willbe12.Asyoucansee，thepriceofpor