人教版高中英語必修2《ONTENTSUnit3ComputersLearningaboutLanguage》公開課教案13

1、語法復習一：句子成分；簡單句、并列句和復合句一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定義：組成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主語和謂語；次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。（二）主語：主語是一個句子所表達的主體，一般位于句首。但在therebe構(gòu)造、疑問句（當主語不疑問詞時）和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動詞或神態(tài)動詞后邊。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。比如：Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名詞）Weoftenspea

2、kEnglishinclass.（代詞）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（數(shù)詞）1Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure（.不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（動名詞）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名詞化的形容詞）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主語從句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主語，真實的主語為后邊的不定式）（三）謂語：謂語說明主語

3、所做的動作或擁有的特點和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語以后。謂語的組成以下：1、簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語組成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、復合謂語：（1）由神態(tài)動詞或其余助動詞加動詞原形組成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系動詞加表語組成。2如：Wearestudents.（四）表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特點和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動詞（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）以后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式

4、、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。比如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican（.名詞）Isityours?（代詞）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容詞）Thespeechisexciting.（分詞）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（數(shù)詞）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（喜好）isplayingfootball.（動名詞）Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介詞短語）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副詞）Thetruthisthathehas

5、neverbeenabroad.3（表語從句）（五）賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后邊。比如：Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展覽）yesterday.（名詞）Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（代詞）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（數(shù)詞）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名詞化形容詞）Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短語）Ienjoylisteningtopopu

6、larmusic.（動名詞短語）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice（.賓語從句）賓語種類：（1）雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語），4比如：Lendmeyourdictionary,please（.2）復合賓語（賓語+賓補），比如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.（六）賓語補足語：英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個直接賓語之外，還要有一個賓語補語，才能使句子的意義完好。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞（如make等+賓語+賓補）。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充任。比如：HisfathernamedhimDongming.

7、（名詞）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容詞）Letthefreshairin.（副詞）Youmustnforcethimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短語）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（此刻分詞）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介詞短語）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityis5now.（從句）（七）定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以低等成分表示：Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容詞）Chinaisadevelopin

8、gcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分詞）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名詞）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（代詞）Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短語）Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（動名詞）HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（介詞短語）6（八）狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句

9、子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特點的句子成分，叫做狀語?？捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆篖ighttravelsmostquickly.（副詞及副詞性詞組）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介詞短語）Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短語）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分詞短語）Waitaminute.（名詞）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（狀語從句）狀語種類以下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（時間狀語）Lastn

10、ightshedidngottothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原由狀語）7Ishallgothereifitdoesn.（train條件狀語）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地址狀語）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式狀語）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（陪伴狀語）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的狀語）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（

11、結(jié)果狀語）Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（退步狀語）Iamtallerthanheis.（比較狀語）練習一一、指出以下句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Hehandedmethenewspaper.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.8WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.Hetookmanyphotosofthepalaces

12、inBeijing.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?Hesat

13、there,readinganewspaper.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.9Theapplestastedsweet.四、選擇填空：()1._willleaveforBeijing.herenowisherenow()2.Theweather_.()3.Theappletasted_.D.sweet()4.Hegotup_yesterdaymorning.D.latter()5.Theactor_attheageof70.A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded10(

14、)6._wereallverytired,butnoneof_wouldstoptotakearest.A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch_.D.crowdedly()8.Ithink_necessarytolearnEnglishwell.A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis()9.Thedog_mad.lookedD.waslooked()10.Iwillneverforgettheday_Ijoinedthearmy.where二、用符號劃出以下短文各句中的主語（）、11謂語（）、賓語（）：Ihopeyou

15、areverywell.Imfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandImhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscolderthey

16、growwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesntoftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelsto

17、differentpartsofthegarden.12三、用符號劃出以下短文各句中的定語（）、狀語（）、補語（）：MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.Itsgreat!Americanseatalotofmeattoomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idont,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.Inyourlet

18、teryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.二、簡單句、并列句和復合句（一）句子種類兩種分類法1、按句子的用途可分四種：131）陳說句（一定、否認）：

19、Heissixyearsold;Shedidnthearofyoubefore.2）疑問句（一般、特別、選擇、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorsevenyearsold?Marycanswim,cants3）祈使句：Becareful,boys;Dontcltalkssin4）嘆息句：Howclevertheboyis!2、按句子的構(gòu)造可分三種：1）簡單句：只有一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語）。e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.Shelik

20、esdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.并列句：由并列連詞（and,but,or等）或分號（；）把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一同組成。e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.14Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前程是光明的，道路是波折的。3）復合句：含有一個或一個以上從句的句子。復合句包括：名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句）、定語從句和狀語從句等。e.g.Theforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereatth

21、eGreatWall.（二）簡單句的五種基本句型1、主語+系動詞+表語：e.g.Heisastudent.2、主語+不及物動詞：e.g.Wework.3、主語+及物動詞+賓語：dictionary.4、主語+及物動詞+雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語）：e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.5、主語+及物動詞+復合賓語（賓語+賓補）：e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.注：其余各樣句子都可由這一種基本句型擴15展、變化或省略而組成。（三）并列句的分類1、表示連結(jié)兩個同樣觀點，常用and,notonlybutalso,neithernor等連,then接。namesisSmit

22、h,andthestudentsnameisJohn.2、表示選擇，常用的連詞有or,eitherorotherwise等。e.g.Hurryup,oryoullmissthetrain.3、表示轉(zhuǎn)折，常用的連詞有but,still,however,yet,while,when等。e.g.Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.4、表示因果關(guān)系，常用的連詞有so,for,therefore等。e.g.Augustisthetimeoftheyearforr

23、iveharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.16（四）高考考點商討1、簡單句的五大句型是最基本的句型。雖然近幾年純真考察這類基礎(chǔ)句型的題不多，可是在閱讀中有時需借助于區(qū)分句子成分去理解，在書面表達中，沒有最基本的遣辭造句的能力是不行能用地道的英語句子來表達清楚的。2、祈使句、反意疑問句和嘆息句是高考命題的熱門之一。有時把祈使句與反意疑問句聯(lián)合于一體來考察。一個題目，幾個考點，是近幾年命題的發(fā)展趨向。3、高考對簡單句、并列句和各樣復合句的考察常表此刻對連詞的選擇和使用上。如：and,but,or,while，以及其余連結(jié)名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句的

24、連結(jié)詞、關(guān)系詞。4、各樣主從復合句的考察常常與動詞的時態(tài)聯(lián)系在一同，以賓語從句與狀語從句最為顯然，時間從句與條件從句中，假如主句是未來17時，從句則用一般式表未來，這一點在高考取常?？疾?。如：Wewillgooutingifitdoesntraintomo.練習二、簡單句、并列句和復合句一、判斷以下句子是簡單句、并列句仍是復合句：WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isnMybrotherandIgotoschoola

25、thalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.18Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isntit?Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.三、選擇填空：1.Gi

26、vemeonemoreminute_Illbeafinishit.A.andB.orC.ifD.so2.ItthesthirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,_?A.hasntheB.isntheC.isntitD.hasntit3._joyfulhewastomeethisbrotheragain!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan4.Letuspass,_?19A.shantweB.shallweC.wontweD.willyou5.Isupposehesserious,_?A.doIB.dontIC.isheD.isnthe6.Youhadbettern

27、otsmokehere,_?A.willyouB.hadyouC.shallyouD.haveyou7.Trainashardasyoucan_youllswimmingcompetition.A.thenB.butC.andD.or8.Imsorrytohavetosaythis,_youforgottoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroomlastnight.A.andB.butC.soD.becauseJohnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,and_.A.Henryhasn20Henry10.Therearemanysportsl

28、oversinhisoffice.Someloveclimbing,_othersenjoyswimming.D.so-Doyoufeellikegoingout_wouldyouratherhavedinnerathome?-Idliketogoout.D.so12.-“_isthetemperaturetoday?”-“Its38degrees.”A.WhichB.HowC.HowhotD.Howhigh-Youruncleisntanengineer,ishe?_.A.Yes,heisntB.No,heisntC.No,heisD.Heis14._friendly_toeveryone!

29、A.How,issheB.What,isshe21C.How,sheisD.What,sheis15.Marywenttobedearly,_shefeltverytired.16.Mother_adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.wasmakingB.makesHelayinbed_readsomethingborrowedfromlibrary.18.-IdreallylikesomelunchbutIhavesomuchworktodo._whatyouwantandIcangetitforyou.C.YouwilltellmeD.Ifyoutellme19.Ashe

30、isstrong,_canliftonehundredpounds.D.he2220.-Ithoughtyouhadanumbrella.-Ihad,_Ivelostit.D.so21._downtheradio-thebabysasleepinthenextroom.-Idontlikechicken_fish.Idontlikechicken_Ilikefishverymuch.A.and,andB.and,butC.or,andD.or,but23.-Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?-Idliketo,_Imtoobusy.D.butWouldyoul

31、ikeacupofcoffee_shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway?25.Shesetoutsoonafterdark_homeanhourlater.23C.havingarrivedD.andarrived“Canyoutread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.C.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointed27.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.28._itwithmeandIllseewhatIcanA.W

32、henleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave-Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,_?ButIfedityesterday.A.doyouB.willyouC.didntyouD.dontyou24二、判斷以下短文中各句是簡單句、并列句仍是復合句：Ihopeyouareverywell（）.Imfine,buttired（）.RightnowitisthesummervacationandImhelpingmyDadonthefarm（）.Augustisthehottestmonthhere（）.Itisthetimeofyearfortherice

33、harvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（）Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors（）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat（）.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm（）.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim（）.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest（）.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden（.Itdoesntoftenraininthesummerhere（）.Asares