高三高考英語時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)(課件)

1、時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練一、對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查 1.考查其基本概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 等連用。但近幾年，對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查常用過去時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)考生進(jìn)行干擾。一、對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的考查 Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no

2、storm. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been calledB解析雖然航海發(fā)生在過去，但是海洋的名稱不會(huì)因此而變化，所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Months ago we sailed ten thou2.考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的替代用法：在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，在以if,unless, once等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和以no matter, however, even if 等詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，如果主句中的動(dòng)

3、詞用一般將來時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。 2.考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的替代用法：在以when, till/ u What will you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on ,since weve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is rainingB解析if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，在條件狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 What will you do if it _二、對(duì)一般過去時(shí)的考查一般過去時(shí)表示在過去某時(shí)某刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，它常與表過去的

4、時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。但是一般過去時(shí)也經(jīng)常用在沒有說明過去的時(shí)間狀語的句子中，這是高考的命題方向。二、對(duì)一般過去時(shí)的考查 More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sentlast year表示過

5、去，再者主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式。解析B More than a dozen students i三、對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查，由上下文語境表示時(shí)間。 Whats the terrible noise？ The neighbours _ for a party. A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare上下文語境告訴我們是講現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事。解析B三、對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查，由上下文語境表示時(shí)間。 What四、對(duì)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查1.把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在when, while, as 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中考查。如果主句謂語和從句謂語都發(fā)生

6、在過去，動(dòng)作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表達(dá)談話背景；動(dòng)作時(shí)間短的用一般過去時(shí)，表達(dá)新的信息。四、對(duì)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查1.把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在when, whYou were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport. A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waitedA該題是根據(jù)交際情景考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。該題是強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去某一時(shí)間（你來我家時(shí)）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（在機(jī)場(chǎng)等人），用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：“我順路去你家時(shí)，你不

7、在家?！薄鞍?，（那個(gè)時(shí)候）我在機(jī)場(chǎng)等從英國(guó)來的朋友?！苯馕鯵ou were out when I dropped 2.把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在某特定的語境中考查。Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done C2.把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在某特定的語境中考查。Has Sam 該題根據(jù)交際情景考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。第一句問今天做完作業(yè)沒有，問結(jié)果；他今天早晨（過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)）還在做（正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）應(yīng)當(dāng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。句意：“

8、薩姆今天做完作業(yè)了嗎？”“我不知道。他今天早晨還在做呢?！苯馕鲈擃}根據(jù)交際情景考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。第一句問今天做完作業(yè)沒有3.考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的比較。 Shirely_a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it. A.has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writingD3.考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的比較。 Shirely_ 根據(jù)I dont know whether she has finished it可判斷去年她不可能寫完這本書

9、，因而去年應(yīng)該一直在寫。該題測(cè)試過去時(shí)間狀語與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)在英語句式中的特殊用法。題中過去時(shí)間狀語last year導(dǎo)致了考生的定勢(shì)思維，不少考生因此而誤選了選項(xiàng)B（一般過去時(shí)）。分析上下文語境可知，選項(xiàng)部分的謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作并非在過去某一時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成，而是指在過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行，故應(yīng)選過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。注意：在這一句式結(jié)構(gòu)中，只有延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞才可與過去時(shí)間狀語用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 解析 根據(jù)I dont know whether s五、對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的考查1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不僅表示動(dòng)作在說話之前已經(jīng)完成，而且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或表示經(jīng)驗(yàn)。五、對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的考查1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

10、不僅表示動(dòng)作在說話之前He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide解析have decided現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示父母已經(jīng)決定了。BHe was hoping to go abroad buMillions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept

11、across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 解析：“storm”后的定語從句有明確的時(shí)間狀語“l(fā)ast night”，故主語時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)確定為完成時(shí)，但D項(xiàng)為將來完成時(shí)，顯然與語境不符。B項(xiàng)為過去完成時(shí)，但本句強(qiáng)調(diào)昨晚發(fā)生的風(fēng)暴對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。解析AMillions of pounds worth of 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)至今并可能繼續(xù)下去，常與for或since 等短語連用。The wi

12、ndow is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleanedD2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)至今并可能繼續(xù)下去，常與 該題是根據(jù)交際情景中考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)。關(guān)鍵詞for weeks，考慮現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示到目前為止的結(jié)果，好幾周不擦了；窗戶與擦的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意；“窗戶很臟了。”“我知道。好幾周沒有擦了?！弊ⅲ河山K止性動(dòng)詞leave, arrive, come, go, return, begin, start, p

13、ut, stop, start, put, stop, die, fall, buy, borrow, see等構(gòu)成的完成時(shí)不能與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用。但這些終止性動(dòng)詞的否定式可以與for或since短語連用。如：I havent met him for two years.解析 該題是根據(jù)交際情景中考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)。關(guān)鍵詞fo3.考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去式的區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)著重說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，且句中一般有表示過去的時(shí)間狀語；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)只說明現(xiàn)在的情況，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。 3.考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去式的區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)著重說明動(dòng)作Where

14、 _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here. But now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; put第一個(gè)空“放”這個(gè)動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，“我找不到”第二個(gè)空“放”指過去的一個(gè)動(dòng)作解析BWhere _ the recorder?六、對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“have / has been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示從過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)

15、作，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還可能繼續(xù)下去。它與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別如下：六、對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是完成的動(dòng)作，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作剛停止或 仍在繼續(xù)。 I have written an article.（已完成） I have been writing an article. （還在寫）1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是完成的動(dòng)作，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是持續(xù)了一2.有些延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如live, teach, work, study, learn, stay等因現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)差別不大。I have lived here for ten years. =

16、I have been living here for ten years.另外注意的是：表短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞（finish, marry, get up, come, go等）一般不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。2.有些延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如live, teach, work, Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to considerB 該題是在

17、交際情境中考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過去的動(dòng)作（考慮返校學(xué)習(xí)）持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（還沒有決定）今后還有可能進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。句意：既然露西失業(yè)了，她一直在考慮返校讀書，但她還沒有定下來。解析Now that she is out of a job, 七、對(duì)過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的考查過去完成時(shí)，經(jīng)常以“過去”為背景，要想表達(dá)比這一背景更早的動(dòng)作，常用此時(shí)態(tài)。 George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?No, I _. Did they have a big wedding? A. was not invi

18、ted B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt inviteC七、對(duì)過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的考查 George and Lucy 解析：沒有被邀請(qǐng)發(fā)生在George and Lucy舉行婚禮之前，即過去的過去。常見考點(diǎn)有：把過去完成時(shí)放在含有when, before, after, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中考查。 解析：沒有被邀請(qǐng)發(fā)生在George and Lucy舉行婚禮When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itsel

19、f behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hidA 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。主句的動(dòng)作在前，從句的動(dòng)作在后，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞 started to walk back表示過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)，因此主句的動(dòng)作應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。解析When the old man _ to walk b每個(gè)時(shí)代，都悄悄犒賞會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)的人觸新的教材相信不管是對(duì)于同學(xué)自己而言還是對(duì)于家長(zhǎng)朋友們而言，可能都還需要一定的時(shí)間去適應(yīng)

20、，但學(xué)習(xí)是一刻也不能松懈的事情，新學(xué)期除了適應(yīng)教材的變化以外，一些試題的變化也必須適應(yīng)，因此就必須在課下進(jìn)行一些練習(xí)。但是問題就來了，很多家長(zhǎng)朋友都表示孩子現(xiàn)在換了教材，但是自己找到的課外練習(xí)題卻還是原來的教材版本的，不適應(yīng)孩子的教材，不知道該怎么辦才好了，眼看孩子馬上就要結(jié)束第一單元的學(xué)習(xí)了，可是一直沒找大適合的資料，沒辦法進(jìn)行課后的鞏固練習(xí)了。zgl每個(gè)時(shí)代，都悄悄犒賞會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)的人觸新的教材相信不管是對(duì)于同學(xué)自By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Beijing. A. would be completed B. was be

21、ing completed C. has been completed D. had been completedD by the end of last year常與過去完成時(shí)連用，表示到過去某個(gè)時(shí)候前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。解析把過去完成時(shí)放在by + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)或by the time + 從句的句子里考查。By the end of last year, anot動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)易混點(diǎn)解讀動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)易混點(diǎn)解讀一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較1）用兩種時(shí)態(tài)來表述發(fā)生在過去的某一動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一過去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，而一般過去時(shí)只表達(dá)過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在關(guān)系不大。 例如：She has cle

22、aned the room. Its very clean now. 此句has cleaned 不能說成cleaned. 因?yàn)閏leaned只能表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)狀無關(guān)。一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較例如：She has clean1. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happenedC說話者強(qiáng)調(diào)Jane 目前的狀況.解析1. We havent heard from Jane

23、2. Hello, I _ you were in London. How long _ here? A. dont know; were you B. hadnt known; are you C. havent known; are D. didnt know; have you beenDdidnt know 強(qiáng)調(diào)見面前原不知道.解析2. Hello, I _ you were in L3. Im glad to tell you that we _ the work in less time than we _ expected to. A. finished; were B. hav

24、e finished; are C. have finished; were D. had finished; wereC全句含義為 “我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)比預(yù)期的(強(qiáng)調(diào)過去)提前完成任務(wù)( 強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在). 解析3. Im glad to tell you that w4. It _ that pleasant music keeps people from becoming tired at their work. A. finds B. has found C. was found D. has been foundD為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), 強(qiáng)調(diào)that 從句的內(nèi)容現(xiàn)在已被發(fā)現(xiàn),為人所知.解析4.

25、 It _ that pleasant musi5. When I was at college I _ three foreign language but I _ all except a few words of each.spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten C. had spoken; have forgottenB注意when I was at college 是指過去的某一時(shí)間,動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí); I have forgotten 是指現(xiàn)在的情況. 解析5. When

26、 I was at college I _現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較1. - Hi, Tracy, you look tired. “- I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted C強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作從過去到現(xiàn)在的延續(xù)，而非動(dòng)作的結(jié)果解析1. - Hi, Tracy, you look tir2. - Have you had any letters from him? - No, I havent,

27、 but my wife _ him regularly . A. has heard from B. has been hearing from C. had heard from D. hears 不強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，A錯(cuò)；不是指目前一般的情況，D錯(cuò)；是指從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況解析B2. - Have you had any lette現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較1.I dont really work here. I _ until the new secretary _.A. just help out; comes B. have just helped out;

28、 will come C. am just helping out; comes D. will just help out; has come指目前一段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生或暫時(shí)的動(dòng)作, until 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句,動(dòng)詞需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。解析C1.I dont really work here. I 2.- When shall we leave? - As soon as I _ what I _. A. will finish; do B. have finished, am doing C. finish, will do D. finish, doas soon as 從句前省略了主句,

29、 時(shí)間狀語從句中動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)將來的結(jié)果用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí); what I am dong 指目前正在做的事. 解析B2.- When shall we leave? -3. The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _in the office. A. were working; had left B. worked; left C. had worked; left D. were working; would leave句中went 是說話人給定的時(shí)間, work 和leave發(fā)生的時(shí)間都要看它們與went 的時(shí)間關(guān)系,

30、 work 與went動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做,用過去進(jìn)行時(shí); leave 在went之前發(fā)生, 應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。解析A 3. The students _ busily wh5. - Hey, look where you are going! - Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. A. Im not noticing. B. I wasnt noticing. C. I havent noticed. D. I dont notice. 對(duì)話的后者顯然是在解釋剛才不小心冒犯對(duì)方時(shí)正在做的事情.解析B5. - Hey, look where you are一般過去時(shí)和過去

31、進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較一般過去時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較1.He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it.A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 正確選項(xiàng)為B. 從I dont know if he has finished it.推斷，他去年一直在寫。 解析B1.He _ a book about China2.Tom_ into the house when no

32、one _. A. slipped; was noticing B. had slipped; noticed C. slipped; had noticed D. was slipping; noticed slip和notice 為同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此B、C為錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，slipped指過去有結(jié)果的動(dòng)作（他溜進(jìn)去了），when no one was noticing 指他溜進(jìn)去的一剎那發(fā)生的情況（沒有人注意）。解析A2.Tom_ into the house w高考真題1.【2011全國(guó)卷,23】Planing so far ahead no senseso many things will

33、 have changed by next year.A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made【答案】C【解析】句意為“計(jì)劃這么超前毫無意義到明年許多事情會(huì)發(fā)生變化的?！鼻熬浔硎粳F(xiàn)在的情況make no sense，后句表示到將來會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果will have changed。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)。is making和has made表示具體的動(dòng)作過程，故不選。因此選C。高考真題1.【2011全國(guó)卷,23】Planing so f2.【2011全國(guó)卷,24】I wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he polite.A.was just being B.will just be C.had just been D.would just be【答案】A【解析】句意為“我不能確信他是真正感興趣呢還是僅僅為了表示禮貌?！本淝皐asnt sure表明說話的起點(diǎn)是過去時(shí)，was really interested和was just b