2022-2023學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit4Lookinggoodfeelinggood語法精講4定語從句學(xué)案牛津譯林版必修第一冊(cè)

1、PAGE PAGE 6語法精講定語從句1關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句(1)when的用法when指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。它的先行詞通常為time, day, morning, night, week, year等表示時(shí)間的名詞。There was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.曾有一段時(shí)間，湛藍(lán)的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光抑或是花朵都不能令我著迷。特別注意先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞是否用when，

2、還需要判斷關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的成分。We still remember the days when we spent our holiday together.我們?nèi)匀挥浀梦覀冊(cè)谝黄鸲燃俚哪切┤兆印?when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語)It happened on the day when the marriage took place.事情就發(fā)生在舉行婚禮的那天。(2)where的用法where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。它的先行詞通常為place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等表示具體地點(diǎn)的名詞或point(地步)，case(情

3、況)，situation(情形)，position(位置)，stage(階段)等表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞。The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theatre is preparing to close down.這部電影以一座小鎮(zhèn)為背景，這座小鎮(zhèn)上唯一的電影院即將倒閉。What are some situations where body language is the only form of communication?在哪些情況下身體語言是唯一的溝通方式？特別注意先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞是否用where，還需要判斷

4、關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的成分。This is the house where we visited the famous writer last year.去年我們就是在這所房子里拜訪了那位著名作家。(where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語)The house (that/which) we visited last year is over 500 years old.去年我們參觀的那座房子有500多年的歷史了。(that/which在從句中作賓語)(3)why的用法why指原因或理由，它的先行詞一般為reason，why在限制性定語從句中作原因狀語。I have come around to expla

5、in the reason why (for which) I was absent from the meeting.我來是為了解釋我當(dāng)時(shí)沒有到會(huì)的原因的。特別注意先行詞是reason時(shí)，關(guān)系詞是否用why，還需要判斷關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的成分。This is the reason why he was late.這就是他遲到的原因。(why在從句中作原因狀語)Please tell me the reason (that/which) he explained to you.請(qǐng)告訴我他給你解釋的原因。(that/which在從句中作賓語)(4)the way作先行詞首先要確定關(guān)系詞在定語從句

6、中作什么成分。如果關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語，則用關(guān)系代詞that或which，作賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。The way (that/which) he thought of to solve the problem was not practical.他所想到地解決這個(gè)問題的方法不切實(shí)際。如果關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語，則用關(guān)系詞in which，that或省略。This is the way (that/in which/不填) he learns English.這就是他學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法。即學(xué)即練1單句語法填空(1)I often think of the days _ we spent

7、 on the island together.(2)There are some reasons _ they do this.(3)The first thing I would say is that the way _ you begin the conversation is very important.(4)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.2使用定語從句應(yīng)該注意的問題(1)定語從句中的主謂一致問題當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞在

8、從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。下面是定語從句在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中需要注意的幾個(gè)主謂一致的問題：I作先行詞，且關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)應(yīng)該與I保持一致。I, who am your teacher, will try to solve all kinds of questions.我作為你的老師，會(huì)盡力解決各種各樣的問題。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞as或which指代整個(gè)主句，且作從句的主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.眾所周知，中國已經(jīng)

9、發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。當(dāng)“one ofthe(形容詞最高級(jí))復(fù)數(shù)名詞”位于關(guān)系詞前時(shí)，定語從句的先行詞是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The Summer Palace is one of the world-famous places of interest that draw lots of visitors.頤和園是吸引著大批游客的世界名勝之一。The Lord of the Rings is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.指環(huán)王是好萊塢制作的最精彩的電影之一。特別注意當(dāng)

10、“the only one ofthe(形容詞最高級(jí))復(fù)數(shù)名詞”位于關(guān)系詞前時(shí)，定語從句的先行詞是the only one，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。This is the only one of the songs in the album that is sung in English.這是這張專輯中唯一一首英文歌曲。Titanic is the only one of the most wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood.在這些最精彩的電影中，泰坦尼克號(hào)是唯一一部好萊塢制作的影片。(2)from where, sin

11、ce/until/by when也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句He stood on top of the hill, from where he could see the Yangtze River.他站在山頂上，從那里他能看到長(zhǎng)江。(from wherefrom which place)The book was written in 1946, since when the education system has seen great changes.這本書著于1946年，從那時(shí)起教育體制發(fā)生了重大變化。(since/until/by whensince/until/by which time)即

12、學(xué)即練2(1)This is one of the most interesting films that _ (be) shown last week.This is the only one of the most interesting films that _ (be) shown last week.(2)He has two sons, both of _ are college students.He has two sons, and both of _ are college students.(3)He still lives in the room _ window fa

13、ces east.He still lives in the room, the window of _ faces east.He still lives in the room _ is on the third floor.He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table.(4)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water and medicine.After the flooding, people

14、were suffering in that area, _ clean water and medicine were needed.(5)A housing bubble is an economic situation _ occurs when house prices rise much too fast.Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.(6)Ill never forget the days _ we studied together.Ill never

15、 forget the days _ we spent together.(7)This is the only way _ you can find.I dont like the way _ he spoke to his mother.(8)Is this the museum _ they visited last month?Is this the museum to _ they paid a visit last month?(9)It was 10 oclock _ they went out of the cinema.It was at 10 oclock _ they w

16、ent out of the cinema.【隨堂自測(cè)】用關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞或“介詞關(guān)系代詞”完成句子1When I arrived, my friend took me to see the house _ I would be staying.2We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.3Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved.4M

17、any young people, most _ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.5Do you have anything to say for yourself?Yes, there is one point _ I must insist on.6Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.7Are you familiar with the music?

18、Yes. There was a time _ this kind of music was quite popular.8I saw a house, the windows of _ were broken.9She has two sons, both of _ graduated from Harvard University.10This is the apartment in _ you once lived.11The reason _ he explained at the meeting sounds reasonable.12I didnt become a serious

19、 climber until the fifth grade, _ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.13English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it differently.14It was in the village _ he once lived that he got his junior education.15September 30 is the day by _ you must pay your bill.16Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.17It is generally believed that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.18What do you think of teaching, Bob?I find it fun and challenging. It