中英文科學(xué)人物介紹-波義耳課件

1、從貴族少年到科學(xué)巨匠From noble young toscientific masters 巨人輩出時(shí)代 波義耳生活在英國(guó)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命時(shí)期，也是近代科學(xué)開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)的時(shí)代，這是一個(gè)巨人輩出的時(shí)代。波義耳在年月日生于愛(ài)爾蘭的利茲莫城。就在他誕生的前一年，提出“知識(shí)就是力量”著名論斷的近代科學(xué)思想家弗朗西斯培根剛?cè)ナ?。偉大的物理學(xué)家牛頓比波義耳小歲。近代科學(xué)偉人，意大利的伽利略、德國(guó)的開(kāi)普勒、法國(guó)的笛卡爾都生活在這一時(shí)期。 Boyle life in Britain during the bourgeois revolution, but also the modern scientific be

2、gan to appear era, it is a giant solutions-like era. Boyle in 1627 January 25, was born in Irish Leeds mo city. He was born in the year before, put forward knowledge is power famous assertion of modern scientific thinker Francis Bacon has just died. Great physicist Isaac Newton than Boyle small 16.

3、Modern science, great men, Italian Galileo, Germanys Kepler, France cartesian all live in this period 童年的回憶 波義耳出生在一個(gè)貴族家庭，家境優(yōu)裕為他的學(xué)習(xí)和日后的科學(xué)研究提供了較好的物質(zhì)條件。童年時(shí)，他并不顯得特別聰明，他很安靜，說(shuō)話還有點(diǎn)口吃。沒(méi)有哪樣游戲能使他入迷，但是比起他的兄長(zhǎng)們，他卻是最好學(xué)的，酷愛(ài)讀書(shū)，常常書(shū)不離手。歲時(shí)，父親將他送到倫敦郊區(qū)的伊頓公學(xué)，在這所專為貴族子弟辦的寄宿學(xué)校里，他學(xué)習(xí)了年。隨后他和哥哥法蘭克一起在家庭教師陪同下來(lái)到當(dāng)時(shí)歐洲的教育中心之一的日內(nèi)瓦過(guò)了年。

4、在這里他學(xué)習(xí)了法語(yǔ)、實(shí)用數(shù)學(xué)和藝術(shù)等課程。 Boyle was born in a noble family, family circumstances favourable for his learning and future scientific research provides good in material terms. Childhood, he did not appear particularly clever, he is quiet, speaking there some stuttering. No honour games make his ecstasy, bu

5、t rather than his elder brother, he is the most academic, fond of reading, often book does not leave the hand. At the age of 8, my father took him to London suburb of eton, in this designed for nobles do of boarding schools, he studied for three years. Then he and his brothers frank together in gove

6、rness accompanied down to education centers in Europe at that time had the Geneva for 2 years. Here he studied French, practical mathematics and art courses.從醫(yī)的經(jīng)歷 波義耳在家里是個(gè)兄弟姊妹中最小的一個(gè)：在他三歲時(shí)，母親不幸去世。也許是缺乏母親照料的緣故，他從小體弱多病。有一次患病時(shí)，由于醫(yī)生開(kāi)錯(cuò)了藥而差點(diǎn)喪生，幸虧他的胃不吸收將藥吐了出來(lái)，才未致命。經(jīng)過(guò)這次遭遇，他怕醫(yī)生甚于怕病，有了病也不愿找醫(yī)生。并且開(kāi)始自修醫(yī)學(xué)，到處尋找藥方、偏

7、方為自己治病。哈特利伯的鼓勵(lì)使他下決心研究醫(yī)學(xué)。當(dāng)時(shí)的醫(yī)生都是自己配制藥物，所以研究醫(yī)學(xué)也必須研制藥物和做實(shí)驗(yàn)，這就便波義耳對(duì)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)生了 濃厚的興趣。 Boyle at home is 14 brothers and sisters in a minimum of three years old: in his mother died. Perhaps is the lack of mother looked afters sake, ill since his childhood. Once sicken time, because the doctor wrong medicine a

8、nd nearly died, thanks to his stomach does not absorb will medicine spit it out, before it is fatal. After the encounter, he was afraid doctor than fear disease, had the disease also reluctant to call the doctor. And began to self-study medicine, looking for prescription, folk prescription for his m

9、edicine. Hartley encouragement determined him to the study of medicine. When doctors are make myself drug, so the study of medicine must also develop drugs and doing the experiment, the ones that Boyle on chemical experiment occurred great interest. 杰出的成就，不朽的貢獻(xiàn) 波義耳在科學(xué)研究上的興趣是多方面的。他曾研究過(guò)氣體物理學(xué)、氣象學(xué)、熱學(xué)、光學(xué)

10、、電磁學(xué)、無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)、分析化學(xué)、化學(xué)、工藝、物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)理論以及哲學(xué)、神學(xué)。其中成就突出的主要是化學(xué)。 Boyle on scientific research interest is multifaceted. He had studied gas physics, meteorology, heat, light, electromagnetism, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, chemical, craft, material structure theory and philosophy, theology. The achievem

11、ent prominent main is chemistry. 實(shí)驗(yàn)和觀察是一切的基礎(chǔ) 在波義耳眾多的科研成果中，還有幾項(xiàng)不能磨滅的化學(xué)成就。波義耳常說(shuō)，“要想做好實(shí)驗(yàn)，就要敏于觀察?！边@幾項(xiàng)成就都是實(shí)驗(yàn)中敏銳觀察的結(jié)果。在一次緊張的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，放在實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)的紫羅蘭，被濺上了濃鹽酸，愛(ài)花的波義耳急忙把冒煙的紫羅蘭用水沖洗了一下，然后插在花瓶中。過(guò)了一會(huì)波義耳發(fā)現(xiàn)深紫色的紫羅蘭變成了紅色的。這一奇怪的現(xiàn)象促使他進(jìn)行了許多花木與酸堿相互作用的實(shí)驗(yàn)。由此他發(fā)現(xiàn)了大部分花草受酸或堿作用都能改變顏色，其中以石蕊地衣中提取的紫色浸液最明顯，它遇酸變成紅色，遇堿變變成藍(lán)色。利用這一特點(diǎn)，波義耳用石蕊浸液把紙浸

12、透，然后烤干，這就制成了實(shí)驗(yàn)中常用的酸堿試紙石蕊試紙。 In Boyle numerous achievements in scientific research, there are a few cannot unforgetable chemical achievement. Boyle often say, to do experiments, will be swift observation. These items are achievement is experiments keen observation results. In a tense in laboratory ex

13、periments, the violet, was splashed on the strong hydrochloric acid, love flowers Boyle popped smoky violet flush once, then inserted in a vase. Led a short while Boyle found purple violet turned red. This strange phenomenon prompted him to made many flowers and trees and acid-base interaction experiments. Thus he found most plants by acid or alkali role can change color, among them with litmus lichen extracted from the purple soaking liquid is most obvious, it m