2023年江蘇高考英語試卷及答案解析

1、2023年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試江蘇卷英語試題第二局部: 英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié), 總分值35 分)第一節(jié): 單項(xiàng)填空 (共15小題; 每題1分,總分值15分) 請認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題, 從題中所給的A、B、C、D 四個選項(xiàng)中, 選出最正確選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例: It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是B。21. Can I help you with it? I appreciate

2、 your _, but I can manage it myself.A. advice B. question C. offer D. idea22. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what23. Sophia waited for a reply, but _came.A. either B. another C. neither

3、D. none24. Dont worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu._! Ill tell Dad theres nothing serious.A. What a relief B. Congratulations C. How surprising D. Im so sorry25. There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _?A. is there B. isnt there C. is he D. isnt he26. OK, Ive had enough

4、 of it. I give up. You cant _your responsibilities.A. run off with B. run up against C. run out of D. run away from27. The notice came around two in the afternoon_ the meeting would be postponed.A. when B. that C. whether D. how28. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _say wher

5、e he was.A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. wouldnt D. mightnt29. Thank God youre safe! I stepped back, just _ to avoid the racing car.A. in time B. in case C. in need D. in vain30. Ones life has value _ one brings value to the life of others.A. so that B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that31. _an imp

6、ortant decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base32. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he _ some European business partners.A. would meet B. is meeting C. meets D. had met33. Honey, the cats stuck in the t

7、ree. Can you turn off the TV and get a ladder. . . ? Oh, it jumped off. _.A. Never mind B. All right C. No problem D. Take care34. The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he_.A. has started B. starts C. started D. will start35. Happy birthday! Thank you! Its th

8、e best present I _ for.A. should have wished B. must have wished C. may have wished D. could have wished 第二節(jié): 完形填空(共20 小題; 每題1 分, 總分值20 分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D 四個選項(xiàng)中, 選出最正確選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。The concept of solitude (獨(dú)處) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technolo

9、gy, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be_36_. Solitude can be hard to discover _37_it has been given up. In this respect, newtechnologies have _38_our culture.The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) _39_as weve known it. People have become so _

10、40_in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted _41_theyd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (寫博客), not only from our _42_, but from our mobile phones as well.Most developed nations have become _43_on digital technology simply because theyve gro

11、wn accustomed to it, and at this point not _44_it would make them an outsider. _45_, many jobs and careers require people to be _46_. From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a _47_to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all

12、 times.I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who _48_wants it. Computers can be shut _49_and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connectedand “ onhas many _50_, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up _51_on mountains, and mobile phones h

13、ave saved countless lives. They can also make people feel _52_and forced to answer unwanted calls or_53_to unwanted texts.Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society _54_ across generations. Some find todays technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyones view on the subjec

14、t, its hard to imagine what life would be like _55_daily advancements in technology.36. A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected37. A. though B. until C. once D. before38. A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preserved39. A. edge B. stage C. end D. balance40. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. cons

15、iderate D. reachable41. A. even if B. only if C. as if D. if only42. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors43. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent44. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing45. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow46. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. inte

16、rested47. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. disappointment48. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really49. A. out B. down C. up D. in50. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions51. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted52. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused53. A. turn B. sub

17、mit C. object D. reply54. A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist55. A. beyond B. within C. despite D. without 第三局部: 閱讀理解(共15 小題; 每題2 分, 總分值30 分)請認(rèn)真閱讀以下短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D 四個選項(xiàng)中, 選出最正確選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A56. According to the survey, people left alone on a desert island would most want their_.A. MP3 player

18、 B. dog C. spouse/ partner D. celebrity57. Which of the following is true about George Clooney?A. He has been trained in wilderness survival. B. He may not be able to help you survive.C. He does not think Roseane is beautiful. D. He is the choice of most South African women.58. The survey results ar

19、e analyzed in terms of the respondents _.A. sex, age and nationality B. race, nationality and sexC. marriage, age and race D. age, sex and marriage BDeputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping acrossAmericas farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges,

20、such as flood, rising fuel pricesand crop-eating insects. The countrys farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of farmers is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the aver

21、age age will be even higher when the 2023 statistics are completed.Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of Americas farmers, her work

22、 is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No. 1 on a list of “uselesscollege degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.“There couldnt be anything thats more incorrect,Mer

23、rigan said. “We know that there arent enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more foodproduction by 2050, she said.“I truly believe were at a golden age of agriculture.

24、Global demand is at an all-time recordhigh, and global supplies are at all-time record lows,said Matt Rush, director of the Texas FarmBureau. “Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture.The Department of Agricu

25、lture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young FarmersCoalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.Ryan Best, president of Future Farmers of America, has been living ou

26、t of a suitcase, travelingthe country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21-year-old Besthopes his messagethat this is a new time in agriculturewill motivate the next generation to turnaround the statistics. “Never before have we had the innovations (創(chuàng)新) in tech

27、nology which haveled to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,he said. “Theres really a place for everybody to fit in.59. What is the new challenge to American agriculture?A. Fewer and older farmers. B. Higher fuel prices.C. More natural disasters. D. Lower agricultur

28、al output.60. Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?A. To draw federal agriculture officialsattention.B. To select qualified agriculture graduates.C. To clarify a recent blog posting.D. To talk more students into farming careers.61. According to Matt Rush, American agriculture wil

29、l provide opportunities for younger peoplebecause_.A. the government will cover production costsB. global food supplies will be even lowerC. investment in agriculture will be profitableD. America will increase its food export62. What do the underlined words “to turn around the statistics in the last

30、 paragraph mean?A. To re-analyze the result of the national census.B. To increase agricultural production.C. To bring down the average age of farmers.D. To invest more in agriculture. CMedical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is toput the drugs inside a

31、capsule, protecting them from the bodyand the body from themuntil theycan be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger (引發(fā)) this release,including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risksburns, forexample. Now, researchers in Calif

32、ornia have designed what could be a harmless triggerto date: shining near-infrared light (NIR, 近紅外線) on the drug in the capsule.The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isnt new. Researchers around theglobe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down

33、 when theyabsorb either ultraviolet (UV, 紫外線) or visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV andvisible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near the skin, where the light canreach the capsule. NIR light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it a

34、s atrigger. But few compounds (化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.That changed last year when Adah Almutairi, a chemist at the University of California, SanDiego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when itabsorbs NIR light. Their polymer us

35、ed a commercially available NIR-absorbing group calledo-nitrobenzyl (ONB). When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to itsbreakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when itseparates from the polymer.So Almutairi and her colleagues r

36、eported creating a new material for capsules thats even better.This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反響的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their ad

37、vantage. After polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called Bhc. When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially relea

38、sing any drugs in the capsule. Whats more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.63. According to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?A. Temperature change. B. NIR light. C. Acidity change. D. UV light.64. Why is O

39、NB unsatisfactory?A. It breaks down when it absorbs NIR light.B. It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.C. It has not come onto the market up till now.D. It is not effective enough and could be poisonous.65. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?A. protected

40、 B. formed C. exposed D. combined DFranz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. I onceshared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didnt seem to require any explanation.Wed just finished John Steinbecks novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end t

41、ogether out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,I told her, “andthe funny thing is Ive read it many times.But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tr

42、agedy is that we realize it was alwaysgoing to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, Ive taughtkids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parentsthemselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods.

43、 They understand,more than I ever will, the novels terrible logicthe giving way of dreams to fate (命運(yùn)).For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic worksof literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea t

44、omy headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high schoolone that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattans upper classesinto a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps feltun

45、comfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capitalcould help studentslike her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the firsttime, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.s.Along with Of Mice

46、 and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didnt always read from the expected point of view.About The Red Pony, one student said, “its about being a man, its about manliness. I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface a

47、nd Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeths soliloquies (獨(dú)白) read as raps (說唱), but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious.Once introduced to Steinbecks writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate ea

48、ch other, and theyre all white.His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.Year after year, however, we are increasing the number

49、of practice tests. We are trying toteach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for textcomplexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充實(shí)) the minds of our students by testing them on texts thatignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse.

50、We may succeed inraising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that itbelongs to them.66. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to _.A. realize our dreams B. give support to our lifeC. smooth away difficulties D. awake our em

51、otions67. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?A. Because they spent much time reading it.B. Because they had read the novel before.C. Because they came from a public school.D. Because they had similar life experiences.68. The girl left the selective high school possibl

52、y because_.A. she was a literary-minded girl B. her parents were immigrantsC. she couldnt fit in with her class D. her father was then in prison69. To the authors surprise, the students read the novels_.A. creatively B. passively C. repeatedly D. carelessly70. The author writes the passage mainly to

53、_.A. introduce classic works of literatureB. advocate teaching literature to touch the heartC. argue for equality among high school studentsD. defend the current testing system 第四局部: 任務(wù)型閱讀(共10 小題;每題1 分,總分值10 分)請認(rèn)真閱讀以下短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意:請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只填一個單詞。“Happiness Advanta

54、ge EffectIn July 2023 Burts Bees, a personal-care products company, was going through enormouschange as it began a global expansion into 19 new countries. In this kind of high-pressure situation,many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings or flood their in-boxes with urgentdemands. I

55、n doing so, managers lift everyones anxiety level, which activates the part of the brainthat processes threats and steals resources from the prefrontal cortex ( 大腦皮層), which isresponsible for effective problem solving.Burts Beess then-CEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach. Each day, hed send

56、 out ane-mail praising a team member for work related to global marketing. Hed interrupt his ownpresentations to remind his managers to talk with their teams about the companys values. He askedme to further a three-hour session with employees on happiness in the course of the expansion effort.As one

57、 member of the senior team told me a year later, Wolfgangs emphasis on developing positiveleadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed thecompany into a global one.That outcome shouldnt surprise us. Research shows that when people work with a positivemind

58、-set (思維模式), performance on nearly every levelproductivity, creativity, involvementimproves. Yet happiness is perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance. For one, mostpeople believe that success comes before happiness. “Once I get a promotion, Ill be happy,theythink. Or, “Once I hit my sal

59、es target, Ill feel great. But because success is a moving targetassoon as you hit your target, you raise it againthe happiness that results from success does not lastlong.In fact, it works the other way around: People who have a positive mind-set perform better inthe face of challenge. I call this

60、the “ happiness advantageevery business outcome showsimprovement when the brain is positive. Ive observed this effect in my role as a researcher andlecturer in 48 countries on the connection between employee happiness and success. And Im notalone: In an analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers