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1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-大連理工大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小)題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of ( )standards.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.equivalentB.alikeC.uniformD.likely【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。equivalent “等價(jià)的”; alike “相同的”;uniform “統(tǒng)一的,一致的”;likely “很可能的”。句意:雖然他們服務(wù)好,

2、但大多數(shù)小旅館要比同等級(jí)水準(zhǔn)的賓館便宜。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。2.單選題To make it easier to return any purchases, save the original packaging, especially for electronic and household ( ).問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.instrumentsB.facilitiesC.appliancesD.equipment【答案】C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。instrument “工具,樂(lè)器”;facility “設(shè)施,設(shè)備”;appliance “器具,裝置”;equipment “設(shè)備,裝備”。句意:為了退貨方

3、便,需要保留原來(lái)的包裝,尤其是電子產(chǎn)品和家用電器。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。3.單選題The magician picked several persons( ) from the audience and asked them to helphim with the performance.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.by accidentB.on occasionC.on averageD.at random【答案】D【解析】考查詞組辨析。By accident “偶然地”;on occasion “有時(shí)”;on average “平均地”;at random “隨意地,任意地”。句意:魔術(shù)師從觀眾中隨便挑了幾個(gè)

4、人協(xié)助他進(jìn)行表演。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。4.單選題He attends to the ( )of important business himself.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.transactionB.transitionC.transmissionD.transformation【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。transaction “交易,業(yè)務(wù)”;transition “過(guò)渡,轉(zhuǎn)變”;transmission “傳送,播送”;transformation “轉(zhuǎn)換”。句意:他親自參與重要的商務(wù)會(huì)議。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。5.單選題Andrew Carnegie, American industrialist

5、and philanthropist, made a fortune by manufacturing iron and steel protected by custom tariff. In 1873, on one of his frequent trips to England, he met Henry Bessemer and became convinced that the industrial future lay in steel. He built the J. Edgar Thomson steel Mills pear Pittsburgh, and from tha

6、t moment on, the Carnegie Empire was one of constant expansion. Later on, the Carnegie Steel Co. became an immense organization. It included all the process of steel production from the great furnaces and finishing mills of Pittsburgh to the inroads and lake steamers that move the ores and the finis

7、h products.Like his grandfather, Andrew Carnegie did not abandon the radical idealism of his forebears for the benefit of the working class. In spite of his espousal of Herbert Spencer philosophy and the social Darwinism of the period, Carnegie remained deeply committed to many of the Chartists idea

8、ls of his boyhood. He believed in the social responsibility of the man of wealth to society. He must save as a steward for the fortune; he has earned and used that fortune to provide great opportunity for all and to increase mans knowledge of himself and of his universe. Furthermore, Carnegie be in

9、the form of free charity but rather must be as a buttress to the communitys responsibility for its own people. When Carnegie died in Lenox, Mass, on August 11, 1919, most of his fortune was already gone. People wonder that if Carnegie had known this when he was alive, he would have spread most of hi

10、s wealth to the poor people.1.Carnegie was able to develop his vast industrial fortunes( ) .2.Carnegie following his ancestors footsteps ( ).3.The industry Carnegie was not concerned with was( ) .4.Carnegies trips to England( ) .5.Which happened first?6.Andrew Carnegies Philanthropic ideals ( ).問(wèn)題1選

11、項(xiàng)A.with the act of five enterprise systemB.through large loans from the American governmentC.because the American government had special tariffs to protect the American steel and iron industryD.because he had relatives in the English and industry問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.by developing a large industrial companyB.in ca

12、ring for and improving benefits for the worker and the poorC.by furthering Spencers philosophyD.by being a follower of social Darwinism問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.the manufacturing of steelB.the transporting of the finished productC.the movement of raw materialsD.the lumber business問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.were purely for pleasure and vi

13、siting relativesB.introduced him to the Charitist ideals which would influence his lifeC.helped him gain steel contracts with British industrialistsD.led him to believe that the industrial future would be with steel問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.The foundation of the Carnegie Steel Co.B.The introduction of Chartist idealsC

14、.The foundation of the J. Edgar Thomson Steel millsD.Andrew Carnegies trips to Great Britain問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)A.developed from his introduction to social DarwinismB.developed through his education under SpencerC.developed form the Charitist ideals of his boyhoodD.resulted from union strikes and unrest at the Car

15、negie Steel Company【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:D第4題:D第5題:B第6題:B【解析】1.文章第一段第一句Andrew Carnegie, American industrialist and philanthropist, made a fortune by manufacturing iron and steel protected by custom tariff.提到安德魯?shù)牡谝煌敖鹗且驗(yàn)殇撹F產(chǎn)業(yè)受到政府的關(guān)稅保護(hù),所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。2.文章第二段第一句Like his grandfather, Andrew Carnegie did not abando

16、n the radical idealism of his forebears for the benefit of the working class提到安德魯沒(méi)有擯棄祖先留下激進(jìn)的理想主義信念,夢(mèng)想讓工人階級(jí)能從中獲利。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。3.第一段最后一句It included all the process of steel production from the great furnaces and finishing mills of Pittsburgh to the inroads and lake steamers that move the ores and the fin

17、ish products 提到了卡內(nèi)基帝國(guó)所涉及的一些業(yè)務(wù),可知并沒(méi)有涉及木材生意。所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。4.文章第一段on one of his frequent trips to England, he met Henry Bessemer and became convinced that the industrial future lay in steel 提到這次旅行讓他相信未來(lái)的工業(yè)重心是鋼鐵業(yè),因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。5.文章第二段Carnegie remained deeply committed to many of the Chartists ideals of his boyh

18、ood 提到致力于成為慈善家的想法是卡內(nèi)基從小男孩時(shí)代就有的,所以這個(gè)是發(fā)生地最早的事,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。6.文章第二段in spite of his espousal of Herbert Spencer philosophy and the social Darwinism of the period, Carnegie remained deeply committed to many of the Chartists ideals of his boyhood提到由于從小受斯賓塞哲學(xué)和達(dá)爾文主義的影響,卡內(nèi)基從小就有著仁慈的心腸。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。6.單選題It is through le

19、arning that the individual( ) many habitual ways of reacting to situations.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.retainsB.gainsC.achievesD.acquired【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。retain “保持”;gain “獲得”,指通過(guò)努力獲得自己想要的東西;achieve “收獲,獲得”,指憑借長(zhǎng)期的努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo);acquire “獲得”,指通過(guò)努力逐步獲得才能、知識(shí)、習(xí)慣等。通過(guò)分析,選項(xiàng)D符合題意。7.單選題Movie directors use music to( ) the action on t

20、he screen.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.contaminateB.complimentC.contemplateD.complement【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contaminate “污染”;compliment “恭維”;contemplate “沉思,注視”; complement “補(bǔ)充”。句意:電影導(dǎo)演用音樂(lè)來(lái)補(bǔ)充熒幕上的動(dòng)作。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。8.單選題The construction of a 5-million-ton iron and steel works is now under( ) .問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.conclusionB.contributionC.continu

21、ationD.consideration【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。conclusion “結(jié)論”;contribution “貢獻(xiàn)”;continuation “繼續(xù)”;consideration “考慮”。句意:目前(相關(guān)人員)正在考慮建設(shè)一個(gè)五萬(wàn)噸級(jí)的鋼鐵廠。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。9.單選題The ( )of the soil can be increased by using more fertilizers.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.produceB.productC.productivityD.production【答案】C【解析】考查形似名詞詞義辨析。produce “產(chǎn)品”;produc

22、t “產(chǎn)品,結(jié)果”;productivity “生產(chǎn)力”;production “成果,產(chǎn)品”。句意:通過(guò)使用更多肥料來(lái)提高土壤的生產(chǎn)力。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。10.單選題Her interest in redecorating the big house kept her ( )for a whole week. (98/6)問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.constrainedB.dominatedC.restrictedD.occupied【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。constrained “被強(qiáng)迫的”;dominated “占主導(dǎo)地位的”;restricted “受限制的;occupied “使用中

23、的;無(wú)空閑的”。句意:她熱衷于給這個(gè)大房子重新裝修,為此她會(huì)忙碌整個(gè)星期。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。11.單選題They announced to the ( ) guests that they were engaged to be married.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.adoptedB.acquiredC.accumulatedD.assembled【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。adopt “采取,采納”;acquire “獲得”;accumulate “積攢”;assemble “集合,聚集”。句意:他們向聚集在一起的客人宣布他們訂婚的消息。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。12.單選題The children ch

24、eered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons( ) slowly into the sky.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.floatingB.raisingC.heavingD.ascending【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。float “漂浮,浮動(dòng)”;raise “提升,增加”;heave “舉起”;ascend “攀登,上升”。句意:看到數(shù)百只彩色的氣球緩緩升入天空,孩子們歡呼起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。13.單選題Trees are a renewable resource that when managed properly can( )ou

25、r needsindefinitely.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.sustainB.retainC.maintainD.obtain【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。sustain “維持”;retain “保持”;maintain “維持,維修”;obtain “獲得”。句意:樹(shù)木是可再生資源,如果管理得當(dāng),它們無(wú)限期地滿(mǎn)足我們的需求。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。14.單選題Speakers at graduation ceremonies are always among the most ( )members of thecommunity.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.discouragedB.dissatisfiedC.

26、distinguishedD.disappointed【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。discouraged “氣餒的”;dissatisfied “不滿(mǎn)的”;distinguished “尊敬的”;disappointed “失望的”。句意:畢業(yè)典禮上的發(fā)言人都是團(tuán)體中最受尊敬的成員。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。15.單選題Do you have any( ) about what living beings on other planets would be like?問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.idealB.comprehensionC.notionD.intelligence【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義

27、辨析。ideal “理想”;comprehension “理解力”;notion “觀念,意見(jiàn)”;intelligence “智力”。句意:你能想象出其它星球上的生物是什么樣的嗎?選項(xiàng)C符合題意。16.單選題Some people think that a ( )translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than a free translation.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.literalB.literaryC.liberalD.linear【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。literal “照原文的,逐字的”;literary “文學(xué)

28、的”;liberal “自由的”;linear “直線的”。句意:一些人認(rèn)為直譯或者逐字的翻譯要比意譯簡(jiǎn)單。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。17.單選題Auction (拍賣(mài))are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asked the crowd to gather in the auction room to bid for various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid highest figures and finally names

29、the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction and the English word comes from the Latin “antic”, meaning “increase”. The R

30、omans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war, these miles were called “sub hanta”, meaning “under the spear, a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a carved to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold “by the candle, a shoe candle was l

31、it by the auctioneer and bids could be made while it was burning.Practically all goods can be sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, cobra, fir, mat, vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, old books, old china and wo

32、rks of art. The auction rooms at Christies and Sothebys in London and New York are world famous. An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be told and where and when they can be viewed by the buyers. If the advertisement cannot gives full details, catalogue

33、s are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called drafter, as generally as. The auctioneer need not begin with lot one and continue the numerical order, he safely wait until he the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interesting i

34、n. The auctioneers services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding.1.Auctioned goods are sold( ) .2.The end of bidding is called “knocking down” because ( ).3.In the sentence “The Romans u

35、sually sold in this way the spoils taken in war,59 the word “spoils” most probably means ( ).4.In England a candle used to burn at auction sales( ) .5. An auction catalogue gives buyers ( ).問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.for the highest price offeredB.at fixed pricesC.at prices lower than their true valueD.at prices offere

36、d by the auctioneer問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.the auctioneer knocks on the tableB.the auctioneer names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goodsC.the goods are knocked down onto the tableD.the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.useless goodsB.spearsC.various kinds of foodD.property taken from the enemy問(wèn)題

37、4選項(xiàng)A.because the auction sales took place at nightB.as a signal for the crowd to gatherC.to keep the auction room warmD.to limit time when offers of prices could be made問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.the current market values of the goodsB.details of the goods to be soldC.tile order in which goods are to be soldD.free admi

38、ssion to the auction sale【答案】第1題:A第2題:D第3題:D第4題:D第5題:B【解析】1.文章第一段第二句提到出價(jià)最高的人成為商品的買(mǎi)家(He encourages buyers to bid highest figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods),所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。2.文章第一段最后一句話提到當(dāng)拍賣(mài)商在一塊高出來(lái)的臺(tái)面上敲擊小錘時(shí),競(jìng)價(jià)也就結(jié)束了(This is called “knocking down” the goods for the bidding

39、 ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform),選項(xiàng)D符合題意。3.題干中的單詞spoil有“戰(zhàn)利品”的意思,除此之外,從 “從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中得到的” taken from war可以推測(cè)這個(gè)詞的意思是“戰(zhàn)利品”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。4.文章第二段指出,18世紀(jì)、19世紀(jì)的英國(guó),拍賣(mài)時(shí)會(huì)點(diǎn)燃一根短蠟燭,而“當(dāng)蠟燭在燃燒時(shí),人們可以競(jìng)價(jià)”( In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold “by the candle

40、, a shoe candle was lit by the auctioneer and bids could be made while it was burning),由此可知,蠟燭被用來(lái)記拍賣(mài)的時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。5.文章提到如果廣告沒(méi)有列出所有細(xì)節(jié),拍賣(mài)者就會(huì)印發(fā)商品目錄(If the advertisement cannot gives full details, catalogues are printed)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。18.單選題Some people think that a( ) translation, or word-for-word translation,

41、is easier than afree translation.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.literalB.literaryC.liberalD.linear【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。literal “照原文的,逐字的”;literary “文學(xué)的”;liberal “自由的”;linear “直線的”。句意:一些人認(rèn)為直譯或者逐字的翻譯要比意譯簡(jiǎn)單。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。19.翻譯題修剪樹(shù)木可能是為了確保樹(shù)木有一個(gè)所要求的形狀或大小。傳統(tǒng)上,電視一直是一種大眾轉(zhuǎn)播傳媒。我們對(duì)電視最熟悉,因?yàn)樗砸环N相似的形式存在近50年了。你可以相信,一個(gè)作家付出的努力越大,寫(xiě)作效果就會(huì)越好,得到的回報(bào)也就越大

42、。一個(gè)婦女當(dāng)她扮演起多重角色的時(shí)候,她會(huì)感到更加幸福。很明顯,在一種體制下,如果每一項(xiàng)決定都只是根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣來(lái)做,那么,社會(huì)就會(huì)很難進(jìn)步?!敬鸢浮縏he purpose of pruning trees is to ensure that the trees have a designed shape or size.Traditionally, TV had been a kind of popular broadcast media. We are most familiar with television, for it is a similar form of existence fo

43、r nearly 50 years.It is believed that the more effort a writer makes the better effect he would obtain and the greater results he will receive.A woman who plays many roles would feel happier.Obviously, in a system, if every decision making is based on traditional habits, the society would be very di

44、fficult to develop.20.翻譯題來(lái)美國(guó)求學(xué)的中國(guó)學(xué)生與其他亞裔學(xué)生一樣,大多非常刻苦勤奮,周末也往往會(huì)抽出一天甚至兩天的時(shí)間去實(shí)驗(yàn)室加班,因而比起美國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái),成果出得較多。我的導(dǎo)師是亞裔人,嗜煙好酒,脾氣暴躁。但他十分欣賞亞裔學(xué)生勤奮與扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),也特別了解亞裔學(xué)生的心理。因此,在他實(shí)驗(yàn)室所招的學(xué)生中,除有一名來(lái)自德國(guó)外,其余 5位均是亞裔學(xué)生。他干脆在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的門(mén)上貼一醒目招牌:“本室助研必須每周工作7 天,早10時(shí)至晚12時(shí),工作時(shí)間必須全力以赴。”這位導(dǎo)師的嚴(yán)格及苛刻是全校有名的,在我所待的3年半中,共有14位學(xué)生被招進(jìn)他的實(shí)驗(yàn)室,最后博士畢業(yè)的只剩下5 人。1990

45、年夏天,我不顧別人勸阻,硬著頭皮接受了導(dǎo)師的資助,從此開(kāi)始了艱難的求學(xué)旅程。【答案】Like students from other Asian countries, most Chinese students who come to further their study in the United States work on their studies industriously. Even on weekends, they would spend one or two days working overtime in their laboratories. Therefore, co

46、mpared with their American students, they obtain more achievements. My supervisor is an Asian people. He is obsessed with alcohols and cigarettes, and has an irritable temper. However, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly ke

47、en insight into what these students think about. Hence, of all the students recruited into his laboratory, except for one German, the other five were all from Asia. He even put an eye-catching notice on the door of the laboratory, which read “All the research assistants of this laboratory are requir

48、ed to work 7 days a week, from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 p. m. Nothing but work during the working hours”. This supervisor is known for his severity and harshness. During the 3 and a half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed and got

49、 their Ph. D degrees. In the summer of 1990, regardless of others dissuasion, I accepted my supervisors sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit.21.單選題I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I( ) a rest.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.deserveB.preserveC.conceiveD.receive【答案】

50、A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deserve “應(yīng)得,應(yīng)受”;preserve “保存”;conceive “設(shè)想懷孕”;receive “收到”。句意:我花了四個(gè)周末寫(xiě)論文,現(xiàn)在覺(jué)得我應(yīng)該休息一下了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。22.單選題Beijing is a( ) city, and still more people are pouring in.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.popularB.populateC.populaceD.populous【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。popular “受歡迎的”;populate “居住于”,是動(dòng)詞;populace “大眾,平民”;populous “人口多

51、的”。句意:北京是一座人口稠密的城市,仍然還有很多人涌入。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。23.單選題Many tourists were ( )by the citys complicated traffic system.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.degradedB.bewilderedC.evokedD.diverted【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。degrade “降級(jí),降低,退化”;bewilder “使迷惑”;evoke “引起,喚起”;divert “轉(zhuǎn)移”。句意:很多游客都被這個(gè)城市復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)弄得暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。24.單選題The girl was ( )a shop assistan

52、t; she is now a manager in a large department.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.preliminarilyB.presumablyC.formallyD.formerly【答案】D【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。Preliminarily “初步地”;presumably “大概,推測(cè)起來(lái)”;formally “正式地”;formerly “以前,原來(lái)”。句意:這個(gè)女孩之前是商店的助理,現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)大部門(mén)的經(jīng)理。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。25.單選題Some people ( )avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral a

53、bout them.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.violentlyB.enthusiasticallyC.sincerelyD.deliberately【答案】D【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。violently “猛烈地”;enthusiastically “熱心地”;sincerely “誠(chéng)摯地”;deliberately “故意地”。句意:有些人有意回避對(duì)錯(cuò)的問(wèn)題,或?qū)Υ吮3种辛?。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。26.單選題There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified colum

54、ns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”,although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”,although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your applica

55、tion”,or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”,is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing i

56、mportance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”,was about the average l

57、evel of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could

58、write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive ap

59、proach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”,was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all

60、 points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.1.According to the passage, the new type of advertisements( ) .2.Now a demand for this type of service has been created because( ) .3.In the past it was expected that first job hunters would ( ).4

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