免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件

1、Overview適應(yīng)性免疫特異性免疫)Adaptive immunity(specific immunity)定義:是是機(jī)體出生后受抗原刺激而產(chǎn)生的獲得性免疫( acquired immunity)。由于適應(yīng)性免疫應(yīng)答能夠識(shí)別不同抗原之間的微細(xì)差異,也稱(chēng)特異性免疫( specific immunity)。特點(diǎn):1、特異性2、多樣性3、記憶性4、耐受性O(shè)verview中樞:胸腺、骨髓免疫器官m周?chē)?guó):淋巴結(jié)、腳臟、粘膜相關(guān)的淋巴組織免疫系統(tǒng)免疫細(xì)胞:造血干細(xì)胞、淋巴細(xì)胞、單核巨噬細(xì)胞、粒細(xì)胞,抗原提呈細(xì)胞等免疫分子:抗體、細(xì)胞因子、補(bǔ)體、MHC、粘附分子等中樞:胸腺、骨髓Left subclavi

2、anLymphThymussmall intestineHone reLeft subclaviancells and organs of the immune svstemOrgans of the Immune System免疫細(xì)胞發(fā)生、分化、成熟及產(chǎn)生免疫應(yīng)答的場(chǎng)所中樞免疫器官( central lymphoid organs周?chē)庖咂鞴? peripheral lymphoid organscells and organs of the immunecells and organs of the immune svstemCentral lymphoid organs淋巴細(xì)胞發(fā)生、分化

3、、成熟的場(chǎng)所 Bone marrow:免疫細(xì)胞發(fā)生,B細(xì)胞分化、成熟的場(chǎng)所 Thymus:T細(xì)胞分化、成熟的場(chǎng)所cells and organs of the immuneCapsule Dead cellTrabeculThymocyteurse cellCortical epithelial cellBlood vesseHassall s corpusclesMedullary epitheHal cell胸腺的結(jié)構(gòu)Capsule Dead cell被膜淺皮質(zhì)區(qū)淺皮質(zhì)上皮細(xì)胞淺皮質(zhì)胸腺細(xì)胞深皮質(zhì)區(qū)樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞深皮質(zhì)胸腺細(xì)胞髓質(zhì)巨噬細(xì)胞血管并指狀細(xì)胞胸腺小體髓質(zhì)上皮細(xì)胞胸腺的結(jié)構(gòu)被膜cell

4、s and organs of the immune system胸腺( Thymus)皮質(zhì):上皮性網(wǎng)狀支架,發(fā)育早期胸腺細(xì)胞為主髓質(zhì):上皮性網(wǎng)狀為主,少量胸腺細(xì)胞血-胸屏障:皮質(zhì)毛細(xì)血管及其周?chē)哂衅琳献饔霉δ?分泌多種激素,促進(jìn)胸腺細(xì)胞分化年齡變化:新生兒胸腺相對(duì)較大,至青春期達(dá)3040克,此后胸腺開(kāi)始萎縮。cells and organs of the immunecells and organs of the immune svstemPeripheral lymphoid organs淋巴細(xì)胞定居及發(fā)生免疫應(yīng)答的場(chǎng)所 Lymph nodes SpleenY Mucosal immun

5、e system, MIScells and organs of the immunecells and organs of the immune svstem淺層B細(xì)胞mph nodes:r皮質(zhì)區(qū)深層T細(xì)胞髓質(zhì)區(qū)Spleen:白髓由密集的淋巴細(xì)胞組成紅髓由脾索和血竇組成,富含巨噬細(xì)胞Mucosal immune system, MIS(mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue MALT):聚集在呼吸道、腸道、泌尿生殖道黏膜固有層和上皮細(xì)胞下散在的無(wú)被膜淋巴組織,以及帶有生發(fā)中心的器官化的淋巴組織,如扁桃體等cells and organs of the immun

6、e免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫

7、系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)

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9、課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)89張課件免疫系統(tǒng)之適應(yīng)性免疫系