2020年北京東城區(qū)高三一模英語試題及答案(精校版)

北京市東城區(qū)2019—2020學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高三綜合練習(xí)（一）英語2020.5本試卷共10120100在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AThegoshawk,ararebird,onceclosetoextinction,hasdoubled1__________(it)numberinanationalparkinthesouthofEngland.Around100yearsago,therewerethoughttobenogoshawks2__________(leave),duetofarmershuntingthemandtheirwoodlandhabitatsbeingcutdown.However,thankstoconservationists,goshawksareback.Bymonitoringtheirnestingsitesovertime,theteamshavebeenabletoprotectthemfromfurtherforestrywork.Asaresult,theirnumber3__________(grow)fromjust20pairsto40pairsinthepasttwoyears.BOnemorning,Itoldmyhusbandjokinglythathe'ddroppedtheballbecausehehadn'tmademecoffeeandIwashavingtroublegettingmotivated4__________(start)theday.Myfive-year-oldsonoverheardmeandaskedwhat“droptheball”meant.Itoldhimitwasjustsomethinglikemakingamistake.Afewminuteslater,hecameintoourbedroom5__________(hold)anoverflowingcoffeecupwithadishclothunderneathittocatchthedrops.Hesaidtomyhusband,“Youdroppedtheball,butIpickedtheballup,”andhehandedmetheworst-tasting,mostwatered-downbut6__________(sweet)cupofcoffeeever.CInhalfacentury,theInternethastransformedsociety.Billionsofuscanconnectatthetouchofabutton.Access7__________information,banksandshopshasneverbeeneasier.Theworldhaschanged8__________(dramatic)andcontinuestodosoinwayswecouldn'thaveimagined.However,theInternetisn'twithoutdisadvantages.Bydesign,ithasnocentralauthority,9__________makesprotectingpeopleonlineordealingwithmisinformationanear-impossibletask.10__________theInternetdevelopswillshapeourfuture.Ifthepast50yearshasbeendominatedbyfreeandopenexchanges,thenext50willbeaboutwhetherrulesandrestrictionscanactuallymaketheInternet,andtheworld,abetterplace.第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，1并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Atsixfeet,seveninchestallandweighing253pounds,Fatherwasaquietgiant(巨人)whoonlyroaredwhenhewasangry.Hewouldworklongdays,often__11__whenIwasalreadyinbed.MytwoyoungersistersandIbothlovedandfearedhim.Hearingthewords,“Justwaituntilyourfathercomeshome,”wouldguaranteethethreeofuswouldstart__12__immediately.Iwassevenyearsoldthenightthe“giant”becameaperson,andmy__13__.Allittookwasthe__14__ofatiny,dirtykitten.I__15__tothesoundsofmyfathercominghomefromwork.Islippedoutofbedandmovedquietlytowardsthelivingroominhopesofspendingafewpreciousminutes__16__withmyparentswithoutmyannoyingsistersaround.Iheardmumsay,“Wecannot__17__it.”Whatwasthe“it”?Thegiantsawmeand__18__Ishouldsitdownnearhim.Iwasataloss,although__19__mightbeabetterword,forIhadneverseenorheardofagiantcryingbefore.Unshed（滿眶）tears__20__upinhiseyes.Hischeekswere__21__fromtheoneshehadcriedearlier.Thegiantreachedintoacardboardboxandbroughtoutadirtyyoungcatand__22__itonmylap.Iwassoon__23__,asthegiantsharedastorywithmum.Ashespoke,withshakingshoulderscausedby__24__andattimessorrow,hetransformedfromagianttoamanwhobecamemyhero.He__25__thathewasonhiswayhomewhenheheardtwomenlaughingandtalking.Asheroundedthecorner,heheardthemostterriblescreamofpain.Hecouldn't__26__whathesaw.Themenhadthrownakittenintoafurnace(火爐).Heyelledandranuptothembutitwastoo__27__.Hecouldn'tsavethekitten.Themenhadrunawayandhewasabouttorunafterthemwhenhesawanotherkittenathisfeet.“Wehaveto__28__it;wehavetokeepit!”saidthegiant.“Itneedsa__29__,”saidmum.“Icanhelp,Mommy!”Remindedofmypresence,mumandmyherosentmeofftobed.AsIfellasleep,Iheardmumrunningsomewater.WenamedthekittenCinderanditjoinedourfamily.Ineversaw“thegiant”again;Ionlysawmyheroandamanwhoseheartwas__30__thanhewas.11.A.greeting12.A.waiting13.A.model14.A.visitB.chattingB.escapingB.heroC.returningC.preparingC.tutorD.wanderingD.behavingD.friendB.storyC.arrivalD.life15.A.awoke16.A.straight17.A.keepB.listenedB.aloneC.rushedC.indoorsC.trainD.dreamedD.graduallyD.cleanB.leave18.A.appealed19.A.regretfulB.urgedB.hopelessC.indicatedC.unwillingD.proposedD.terrified220.A.built21.A.wetB.rolledB.redC.blockedC.brightC.ledD.welledD.fresh22.A.spread23.A.discovered24.A.fearB.placedB.forgottenB.surpriseB.emphasizedB.proveB.lateD.droppedD.relievedD.angerD.summarizedD.judgeD.farC.convincedC.anxietyC.explainedC.guessC.fast25.A.argued26.A.believe27.A.bad28.A.helpB.cureC.feedD.buy29.A.meal30.A.lighterB.restC.bathD.liftB.purerC.warmerD.larger第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheJoyofGivingManyathletescanlightupthescoreboardwiththeirskill.Butittakesaspecialkindofathletetolightupachild'sface.RunnerSanyaRichardsRossisafour-timeOlympicgoldmedalwinner.ShewasborninKingston,Jamaica,andthoughshenowlivesinTexas,herpassionishelpingyoungpeopleinherhomelandthroughherFun4KidzFoundation,whichtacklesilliteracyandpromotesahealthylifestyle.“Educationissoimportant.Jamaicahasitsshareofpoorpeoplewhodon'thavethemeanstogetagreateducation.Whenyou'reeducated,youropportunitiesareendless.Ihadgreatsupportgrowingup,butnoteveryoneissoblessed.Sofar,ourprogramhasbeeninsevenschoolsinJamaica,helping400students,”saidSanya.HoustonTexansAll-ProJ.J.Wattisallbusinessonthefootballfield.Butwithchildren,heisplayfulandfunloving.HestartedtheJustinJ.WattFoundationtoprovideafter-schoolsportsopportunitiesforunderprivilegedchildren.Theseactivitieshelpthekidslearnaboutteamwork,leadership,andperseverance.Hesaid,“Atoneofthefirstschoolswherewegaveoutuniforms,akidtoldme,‘It'sthebestdayofmylife.I'mgoingtobeafootballplayer.’Simplethingslikethatkeepmehelpingkids.Seeingthesmileonakid'sfaceiseverything.”MiaHammisoneofthegreatestsoccerplayersinU.S.NationalandOlympichistory.Inspiredbyherbrother,Garrett,whodiedfromarareblooddisorder,shestartedtheMiaHammFoundationtoraiseawarenessandmoneyforthoseinneedofbonemarroworcordbloodtransplants.Asshesaid,“Wedocharitysoccergames,bringingtogetherunrelateddonorsandrecipients(受助人).Toseethatreunionisoneofthemostpowerfulthingsyoucansee.Therearealotoftearswhenpeoplemeettheirdonors,whoaretheirselfless,thoughtful3heroes;whogavethemasecondchanceatlife.IfIcanhelpreducethesufferingofothers,Iwillgladlydo”LosAngelesAngelsfirstbasemanAlbertPujolsisoneofbaseball'sgreats.Hisdaughter,Isabella,hasDownSyndrome,ageneticconditionthatcausesdelaysinphysicalandintellectualgrowth.Albertandhiswife,Deidre,startedthePujolsFamilyFoundationtohelpchildrenwithDownSyndrome.Fortheseathletes,there'snobetterfeelingthantobringjoytopeopleandtothoseinneed,andseeingasmileonachild'sfaceatafoundationeventorwherevertheyareinvolvedreallymakesitallworthit.31.Whichfoundationprovidespoorkidswithphysicalexercise?A.TheMiaHammFoundation.C.ThePujolsFamilyFoundation.32.WhatgotMiaHammtostartcharitywork?A.Garrett'sdeath.B.TheJustinJ.WattFoundation.D.Fun4KidzFoundation.B.Patients'suffering.C.Herloveforsoccergames.D.Theselflessnessofthedonors.33.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheseathletes?A.Wealthyandcapable.C.Educatedandcreative.B.Loyalandreliable.D.Responsibleandcaring.BTheNationalCouncilfortheTraditionalArts(NCTA)isaleadingnon-profitorganizationdedicatedtothepresentationanddocumentationoffolkandtraditionalartsintheUnitedStates.NCTApresentsthenation'sveryfinestartistsinfestivals,tours,internationalculturalexchange,workshops,demonstrationsandexhibitions,mediaproductions,schoolprograms,andotheractivities.ItworksinpartnershipwithcommunitiesacrossAmericatoestablishnew,sustainabletraditionalartseventsthatdeliverlastingsocialandculturalbenefits.NCTAseeksFestivalSupportStafffor2020festivalseasontoprovideofficeandon-sitesupportforthreelarge-scalefestivals.Positionsavailableinclude:ProgrammingAdministrationAssistantThisistheperfectpositionforsomeonewithaninterestinhistory,artsmanagement,culturalanthropology,andrelatedfields.Responsibilitiesincludeprogrammingresearch,marketingandpromotion,andeventorganization.Thepositionmayalsoberesponsibleforpressandphotodocumentmanagement,socialmediaupdates,andcustomerservice.Qualifiedapplicantswillbedetail-oriented（細心的）andorganized,withexcellentpeopleskillsandageneralinterestinthetraditionalarts.Computerliteracyisessential.ContractrunsMay1---December15.FestivalAssistantThisistheperfectpositionforsomeonewithaninterestinarts,culture,andevent4logistics后勤)whoenjoysoperatinginafast-paced,collegialsmall-officeenvironment.Thepositionprovidesfestivalstaffsupport.Responsibilitiesincludedocumentcreation,travelpurchase,logisticssupport,dataentry,anddatabasemaintenance.Qualifiedapplicantswillbeoutgoingandopen-minded,witheffectiveoralandwrittencommunicationskillsandcomputerliteracy.Priorexperiencewithfestivalplanningispreferred.ContractrunsMay18---October30.ProductionAssociateTheProductionAssociateisakeymemberoftheproductionteamwhowillworkcloselywiththeProductionManageronallfestivalaudio,backline,andlightingneeds,fromplanningthroughimplementation(實施).Therolewillcontributetothefollowingkeytasks:advancingtechnicalneedswithartists,makingtechbooks,accuraterecord-keeping,andworkingwithNCTAandFestivalstafftoinsuresmoothon-siteoperations.Qualifiedapplicantswillberesponsibleandadaptable,withexcellentpeopleskills.Priorexperienceinconcertproductionispreferred.ContractrunsJune15---October30.AllPositions:Experiencewithdatabaseentry,MicrosoftOffice,andAdobeAcrobatisrequired.Musthaveacleandrivingrecord,orreliabletransportation.Someevenings,weekends,andtravelrequired.Allpositionsarefulltimewithcontract.DeadlineisApril20,2020.Moredetailsandhowtoapplyat:http//ncta-A.34.Accordingtothepassage,NCTA____.A.focusesonculturalandarteducationB.keepsarecordofAmericantraditionalartsC.enjoyseconomicbenefitsfromcommunitiesD.aimstohelptheartistsinart-relatedactivities35.Theprogrammingadministrationassistantwillprobably_____.A.plananddesignprogramB.createsocialnetworkingwebsitesC.dealwithcomplaintsfromcustomersD.photographnewspapersanddocuments36.Whatistherequirementforallthethreepositions?A.Drivingskills.B.Communicationskills.C.Workingexperience.37.Onceemployed,onewill_________.A.workfulltimeD.Knowledgeontraditionalarts.B.traveleveryweekC.startthejobinMayD.learndatabasedesign5CWeAreCyborgsRoboCop,theBionicWoman,Darth—whatdothesecharactershaveincommon?Theyareallcyborgs—humanswhoaremademorepowerfulbyadvancedtechnology.Youmightthinkthatcyborgsexistonlyinfiction,orareapossibilityonlyinthedistantfuture.Butcyborgtechnologyalreadyexists.Theword“cyborg”wasfirstusedin1960anddefinedasanorganism“towhichexternalcomponentshavebeenaddedforthepurposeofadaptingtonewenvironments”.Accordingtothisdefinition,anastronautinaspacesuitisanexampleofcyborg,asthespacesuithelpstheastronautadapttoanewenvironment—space.Morerecently,thewordhasevolvedtorefertohumanbeingswhohavemechanicalbodypartsthatmakethemmorethanhuman.Althoughsuper-humanslikeRoboCoparenotyetareality,advancesinreal-lifecyborgtechnologyallowsomepeopletocompensateforabilitiestheyhavelost,andgiveotherpeoplenewandunusualabilities.AnexampleisfilmmakerRobSpenceandhisbioniceye.Spenceinjuredoneofhiseyesinanaccident.Acamerawasimplantedinhisprostheticeye(假眼).Theeyeisnotconnectedtohisbrainoropticnerve(視神經(jīng)),butitcanrecordwhathesees.Spencehasusedhiscameraeyetorecordinterviewsforadocumentaryaboutpeoplewithbionicbodyparts.Sometypesofcyborgtechnologyreplacealostabilitybyconnectingdirectlytoaperson'snerves.MichaelChorostcompletelyandsuddenlylosthisabilitytohearinJulyof2001.Twomonthslater,doctorsplacedacochlearimplant,akindofcomputer,insidehisskull.Thistypeofimplantconnectstoauditorynervesandallowsadeafpersontohearagain.Aroundtheworld,over300,000peoplehavenowbeenfittedwithcochlearimplants.Theseexamplesofcyborgtechnologyhaveenabledpeopletoenhanceorchangetheirabilitiesandimprovetheirlives.Butdoeseveryonewanttousecyborgtechnology?Itmightbetoolatetodecide.CyborgscientistAmberCasearguesthatmostofusarealreadycyborgs.Anyonewhousesacomputerorasmartphone,Caseclaims,isacyborg.Considerthedatathatyouhaveinyoursmartphone.Itkeepsinformationforyousoyoudon'thavetorememberit:notes,phonenumbers,emailaddresses,messages.Italsoallowsyoutocommunicatewithfriendsandfamilyviatelephone,textmessages,email,andsocialnetworks.Thepotentialbenefitsofcyborgtechnologyareevident,butcanthisnewtechnologybeharmful,too?Couldwebecometoodependentoncyborgtechnology—andbecomelessthanhuman?Thesestillremainquestions.38.Accordingtothepassage,thecyborg_______.A.issimilartohumanbeingsB.tookrootinfictioncharactersC.firstappearedinspaceindustryD.hassomedeviceattachedtothebody39.Withthehelpofcyborgtechnology,_______.A.eyesightcanberestored6B.thenerveinjurycanberepairedC.lostabilitiescanbereplacedbyanewskillD.hearinglosscanbepreventedbycochlearimplants40.AmberCaseprobablythinksthat______.A.technologymakescyborgsbecomecommonB.cyborgtechnologyiscrucialtomodernsocietyC.theuseofmobilesimprovescyborgtechnologyD.cyborgtechnologyhelpsimprovehumanmemory41.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardcyborgtechnology?A.Critical.B.Skeptical.C.Optimistic.D.Objective.DPicturethis:It's2003andyourfamilyhasjustfinishedarguingoverwhichNetflixmoviestorentthatweek.Moviescomeinthemailandthefamilywatchthemthroughouttheweekbeforesendingthembackandorderingnewones.Then,fastforwardto2008,andyouhavestartedtowatchTVshowsonNetflix'snewplatform.Now,let'scometothepresent.YousitdownandopenupNetflixonyourTVandscrollforawhile.ThenyouflipovertoHulutoseeiftheyhaveanythingmoreinterestingtooffer.ThenyoucheckHBOGO.Finally,youcheckDisney+.Thenyourealizethatyou'repayingforfourdifferentstreamingservices,maybemore.Let'sreturntoNetflix.Moregenerally,streaming.Thereareover100videostreamingservicesavailable,aswellasquiteafewmusicstreaming,includingAppleMusic,YouTubeMusic,GooglePlay,andetc.Thestreamingworld,atleasttosome,isonitswaytogettingoutofcontrol,witheachservicerequiringitsownmonthlysubscription.Andthatisjustentertainmentsubscriptions.Wehaven'teventakenintoaccountsubscriptionslikeMicrosoftOffice,magazinesubscriptions,andemailnewsletters.Subscriptionsstartedoutasaserviceofconvenience,butnow,theoversaturationmayhavebecomeburdensome.Theservicesbelievecustomerswillpaymoretogetthecontenttheywant.However,statisticsshowagrowingfrustration(失望)amongconsumers.Withsomanyoptions,theyfinditharderthanevertomakeadecisiononwhattopick.Notonlydoestheoversaturationofstreamingresultinconfusingnavigation,italsocreatesafinancialburdenfortheconsumers.Let'ssayifyouwanttowatchStrangerThings,TheHandmaid'sTale,andGameof,whichbelongtothreedifferentservices,youwouldhavetopaynearly$50amonthtoaccessallthreeofthoseservices,meaningit'snotcheaper,andpotentiallymoreexpensive,thancable.Peoplecuttheircordsandwentthestreamingroutebecauseitwassimplerandcheaper.Now,it'sjustasinconvenientanddifficultascablewas,ifnotmoreso,andunlessyou'relimitingyourselftooneservice,it'snotcheaper.Streamingwillsurvivebecausewe'reina7GoldenAgeofMediaandbecauseeachserviceisabletocreatehigh-qualityoriginals.ButGoldenAgesdon'tlast,andbubblestendtoburst.Untiltheinevitable(不可避免的)daywhensomeproductorserviceprovesstreamingoutofdate,wemustsufferthechoicesinfrontofus.ThenexttimeyouarescrollingthroughNetflix,Hulu,orwhatever,andtheoverchoiceiskillingyou,maybeyoushouldjustgopickupabookinstead.42.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Socialprogresshaspromotedthequalityoflifeinthepastdecade.B.Changesinhomeentertainmenthavebroughtusmoreoptions.C.Technologyinnovationresultsindifferentwaysofrelaxation.D.Netflixhasbeendevelopingitsservicepatterns.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“oversaturationinParagraph3probablyreferto?A.Thelargenumberofsubscriptions.B.Thefrustrationcausedbypoorservice.C.Therapidlydevelopingentertainmentmarket.D.Theconfusingnavigationresultingfromstreaming.44.Accordingtothepassage,streamingservicesmay________.A.enhanceusersatisfactionC.raiseentertainmentcostsB.increaseenergyconsumptionD.realizetheresourcesharing45.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat________.A.thestreamingservicewillhaveabrightfutureB.readinghasanadvantageoverstreamingserviceC.therewillbesomebetterservicetoreplacestreamingD.nothingcanendstreamingservicesaslongasmediaexists第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Asthehighereducationsectorfacesmountingpressurestoprovidevalueformoney,it'snowoftenassumedthatuniversitieswillprovideitsstudentswithmuchmorethanjustadegree.Mostprospectuses(宣傳冊)introductionpresentinstitutionsasbeingthe“l(fā)eaders”inacademicresearch,studentsatisfaction,graduateemployabilityandcontacthours.__46__Visitingauniversity“intheflesh”ontheopendayistheonlywayyoucantrulygetafeelfortheplace,andensuresyouwon'tgetanyunpleasantsurpriseswhenyoustartyourcourse.__47__.Rememberthatthereisnosuchthingasthebestuniversity–onlythebestfitforyou.Beforeyourvisit,conductsomeonlineresearchanddecideonafewuniversitiesyou'dliketovisit.Planyourday,bookinganyrelevantsessions,andnotingdownanytalksyou8wouldliketoattend.Preparealistofquestionsaboutalltheaspectsofuniversitylife.Duringyourvisit,youneedtomakeplentyofnotes!__48__You'llstarttoforgetimportantthingsunlessyouputthemdown.Notewhichaccommodationyoulikeaswellashowmuchitcostsandwhereitislocated.Bearinmindthatyoumightnotgetyourfirstchoiceofaccommodation,sohaveafewothersinmindasaback-up.__49__Goalongtoapplicationsessionsandyoucangettheanswersthere.Youcouldevenshowtheadmissionstutoradraftofyourpersonalstatementandaskforsomedirectfeedback.Asktheexperts---notonlytheadmissionsteamandcoursetutors,butalsothecurrentstudents.Whileitmightbetemptingtoletmumanddadtakeover,it'syouwhowillbegoingtouniversity,notthem,sodon'tbeafraidtospeakup!Writedownwhatyoulikeabouttheuniversityandcompareittoothers.Remembertomakesureyouprioritiseyourcourseovertheuniversity.__50__Ifyoudon'tenjoyyourcourse,thenchancesareyouwillfailtomaximiseyourpotential.It'syourchoice,somakethebestofit!A.Avoidbeingmisledbyclaimsandstatistics.B.Itdoesn'tmatterhowfamoustheuniversityis.C.Itisimportanttofindouttheselectioncriteria.D.Withsomanychoices,howcanyoumakeaninformeddecision?E.Facedwithalltheinformation,whatyouneedtodoistogetthemostoutofit.F.Theconversationsandexperiencesyou'vehadwillmixtogetherafterafewvisits.G.Determineyourowncriteria---especiallyifyou'reunsureaboutwhichsubjectstostudy.第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）Jim在給你的郵件中提到新冠病毒爆發(fā)給他帶來了焦慮，并詢問你在疫情期間的生活。請給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．安慰與鼓勵；2．疫情期間你的生活與學(xué)習(xí)情況；3.疫情給你帶來的思考。注意：1．詞數(shù)不少于50；2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：新冠病毒novelcoronavirus；DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua9第二節(jié)（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，給學(xué)校英文報投稿，記述學(xué)校法制宣傳周期間的系列活動。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于60;32.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：模擬法庭mootcourtLegalAwarenessWeekwasopenedinourschool.Aseriesofactivitieswerecarriedout.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________