2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號98

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Itisa（

）thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople.

問題1選項

A.debate

B.dispute

C.dilemma

D.paradox

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項debate“辯論，討論”；B選項dispute“辯論，爭吵”；C選項dilemma“困境，進(jìn)退兩難”；D選項paradox“悖論，自相矛盾的人或事”。句意：在如此富裕的國家竟然有那么多窮人，這是一個多么矛盾的事情。選項D符合句意。

2.單選題

Over350millionpeoplespeakEnglishastheir（

）language.

問題1選項

A.native

B.mother

C.female

D.national

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定用法。nativelanguage意為“本地語言”；motherlanguage意為“母語”，符合句意。C選項female“女性的”；D選項national“國家的”均不符合句意。

3.單選題

Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.Assoonastheyhadletthefowlsout,intheearlysummermornings,theyhadtotaketheirgunsandkeepguard;andthenagainassoonaseveningbegantomellow,theymustgooncemore.Andhewassosly.Heslidalonginthedeepgrass;hewasdifficultasaserpenttosee.Andheseemedtocircumventthegirlsdeliberately.OnceortwiceMarchhadcaughtsightofthewhitetipofhisbrush,ortheruddyshadowofhiminthedeepgrass,andshehadletfireathim.Buthemadenoaccountofthis.

Thetreesonthewoodedgewereadarkish,brownishgreeninthefulllight—foritwastheendofAugust.Beyond,thenaked,copper-likeshaftsandlimbsofthepinetreesshoneintheair.Nearertheroughgrass,withitslong,brownishstalksallagleam,wasfulloflight.Thefowlswereroundabout—theduckswerestillswimmingonthepondunderthepinetrees.Marchlookedatitall,sawitall,anddidnotseeit.SheheardBanfordspeakingtothefowlsinthedistance—andshedidnothear.Whatwasshethinkingabout?Heavenknows.Herconsciousnesswas,asitwere,heldback.

Sheloweredhereyes,andsuddenlysawthefox.Hewaslookingupather.Hischinwaspresseddown,andhiseyeswerelookingup.Theymethereyes.Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.

Shestruggled,confusedlyshecametoherself,andsawhimmakingoff,withslowleapsoversomefallenboughs,slow,impudentjumps.Thenheglancedoverhisshoulder,andransmoothlyaway.Shesawhisbrushheldsmoothlikeafeather,shesawhiswhitebuttockstwinkle.Andhewasgone,softly,softasthewind.

Sheputherguntohershoulder,buteventhenpursedhermouth,knowingitwasnonsensetopretendtofire.Soshebegantowalkslowlyafterhim,inthedirectionhehadgone,slowly,pertinaciously.Sheexpectedtofindhim.Inherheartshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Whatshewoulddowhenshesawhimagainshedidnotconsider.Butshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither...Assoonassupperwasover,sheroseagaintogoout,withoutsayingwhy.Shetookhergunagainandwenttolookforthefox.Forhehadliftedhiseyesuponher,andhisknowinglookseemedtohaveenteredherbrain.Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim.Shesawhisdark,shrewd,unabashedeyelookingintoher,knowingher.Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.Andagainshesawhimglanceoverhisshoulderather,halfinviting,halfcontemptuousandcunning.Soshewent,withhergreatstartledeyesglowing,hergununderherarm,alongthewoodedge.Meanwhilethenightfell,andagreatmoonroseabovethepinetrees.

1.Atthebeginningofthestory,thefoxseemstobeallEXCEPT（

）.

2.Asthestoryproceeds.Marchbeginstofeelunderthespellof

（

）.

3.GraduallyMarchseemstobeinastateof

（

）.

4.Attheendofthestory,thereseemstobeasenseof

（

）

betweenMarchandthefox.

5.Thepassagecreatesanoverallimpressionof（

）.

問題1選項

A.cunning

B.fierce

C.defiant

D.annoying

問題2選項

A.thelight

B.thetrees

C.thenight

D.thefox

問題3選項

A.blankness

B.imagination

C.sadness

D.excitement

問題4選項

A.detachment

B.anger

C.intimacy

D.conflict

問題5選項

A.mystery

B.horror

C.liveliness

D.contempt.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.狐貍真的把他們都激怒了”可知選項D“惱人的”正確；根據(jù)第一段第三句“Andhewassosly.并且他是如此的狡猾?！笨芍x項A“狡猾的”正確；根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Buthemadenoaccountofthis.但是他卻不把（March向他開槍）這件事放在心上?！币簿褪钦f，狐貍這里是在挑釁March，所以選項C“挑釁的”也正確。只有選項B在文中沒有提及，所以本題選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.他（狐貍）認(rèn)識她。她被迷住了——她知道他認(rèn)識她。所以他看著她的眼睛，她的靈魂辜負(fù)了她。他認(rèn)識她，并不畏懼。”由此可知，March是被狐貍迷住了。所以選項D正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第五段最后三句“Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither.于是她心不在焉地在樹林邊上走來走去，一雙明亮的黑眼睛睜得大大的，兩頰微微泛起紅暈。她什么都沒有想。她莫名其妙地走來走去。”由此可知，March似乎進(jìn)入了一種放空的狀態(tài)，選項A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim....Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.她并不怎么想他，而是被他迷住了。....她感到他無形地控制了她的靈魂。她知道他抬起頭來時下巴是怎樣垂下來的，她知道他的口鼻是怎樣的，金褐色的，灰白色的。”由此可推斷，在故事的結(jié)尾，March和狐貍之間似乎有親昵的感覺，選項C正確。

5.判斷推理題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講的是March和狐貍之間的故事。根據(jù)原文中的描述可知，全文整體營造的是一種神秘的氛圍，所以選項A正確。

4.單選題

Acoatofpaintwilldevelopsmallcracksasit（

）overtime.

問題1選項

A.peels

B.shrinks

C.hardens

D.fades

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項peel“剝落”；B選項shrink“收縮”；C選項harden“變硬”；D選項fade“褪色”。句意：一層油漆隨著時間的推移會剝落，從而產(chǎn)生小裂縫。選項A符合語境。

5.單選題

I'mafraidI（

）forgotherbirthday.

問題1選項

A.pure

B.right

C.sheer

D.clean

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項pure“純粹的”；B選項right“正確的”；C選項sheer“完全，徹底”；D選項clean“干凈的”。句意：我恐怕完全忘記她的生日了。選項C符合句意。

6.單選題

Awindowinthekitchenwas（

）,therewasrubbisheverywhere,andthecurtainsandcarpetshadbeenstolen.

問題1選項

A.scattered

B.scraped

C.scratched

D.smashed

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項scatter“撒播，散布”；B選項scrap“廢棄，拆毀”；C選項scratch“抓，刮”；D選項smashed“打碎，粉碎”。句意：廚房的一扇窗戶被打碎了，到處是垃圾，窗簾和地毯被偷了。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

Thenumberofthetickets（

）willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.

問題1選項

A.adaptable

B.acceptable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項adaptable“能適應(yīng)的”；B選項acceptable“可接受的”；C選項advisable“明智的，可取的”；D選項available“可獲得的”。句意：可獲得的門票數(shù)量將根據(jù)體育場的大小來定。選項D更符合語境。

8.單選題

China’sresumingexerciseofsovereigntyoverHongKongandMacaois（

）ofChineseprosperity.

問題1選項

A.indulgent

B.indifferent

C.indignant

D.indicative

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項indulgent“放縱的，寬容的”；B選項indifferent“冷淡的，中立的”；C選項indignant“憤憤不平的”；D選項indicative“象征的”。句意：中國恢復(fù)對香港和澳門行使主權(quán)，象征著中國繁榮昌盛。選項D符合句意。

9.單選題

The（

）windinthisareaisfromthenortheast.

問題1選項

A.prevailing

B.controlling

C.reigning

D.persisting

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項prevailing“盛行的，流行的”；B選項controlling“控制欲強的”；C選項reigning“統(tǒng)治的”；D選項persisting“堅持”。句意：這個地區(qū)盛行的風(fēng)來自東北方向。選項A符合句意。

10.單選題

Oneoftheattractivefeaturesofthecoursewasthewaythepracticalworkhadbeen（

）withthetheoreticalaspectsofthesubject.

問題1選項

A.embraced

B.adjusted

C.alternated

D.integrated

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項embrace“擁抱”；B選項adjust“調(diào)整”；C選項alternate“交替，輪流”；D選項integrate“使完整”。句意：這門課程吸引人的特點之一是實際工作與學(xué)科理論方面結(jié)合的方法。選項D符合句意。

11.單選題

Mr.Mortongradually（

）theknowledgeofthesubject.

問題1選項

A.attained

B.required

C.acquired

D.enquired

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項attain“達(dá)到，實現(xiàn)”；B選項require“要求”；C選項acquire“獲得，學(xué)到”；D選項enquire“詢問”。句意：Morton先生漸漸掌握了這門課程的知識。選項C更符合語境。

12.單選題

OscarWildesaidthatworkistherefugeofpeoplewhohavenothingbettertodo.Ifso,Americansarenowamongtheworld'ssaddestrefugees.FactoryworkersintheUnitedStatesareworkinglongerhoursthanatanytimeinthepasthalf-century.Americaonceledtherichworldincuttingtheaverageworkingweek-from70hoursin1850tolessthan40hoursbythe1950s.Itseemednaturalthataspeoplegrewrichertheywouldtradeextrasearningsformoreleisure.Sincethe1970s,however,thehoursclockedupbyAmericanworkershaverisentoanaverageof42thisyearinmanufacturing.

Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:Americansarespendingmoretimeatworkthantheydid20yearsago.Executivesandlawyersboastof80-hourweeks.Onholiday,theyseekoutfaxmachinesandphonesaseagerlyasGermansbagthebestsun-loungers.YetworkingtimeinEuropeandJapancontinuestofall.InGermany'sengineeringindustrytheworkingweekistobetrimmedfrom36to35hoursnextyearMostGermansgetsixweeks’paidannualholiday,eventheJapanesenowtakethreeweeks.Americansstillmakedowithjusttwo.

Germanyrespondstothiscontrastwithitsusualconcernaboutwhetherpeople'saversiontoworkisdamagingitscompetitiveness.YetGermanworkers,liketheJapanese,seemtobeactingsensibly:astheirincomesrise,theycanachieveabetterstandardoflivingwithfewerhoursofwork.ThepuzzleiswhyAmerica,theworld'srichestcountry,seesthingsdifferently.Itisapuzzlewithsinistersocialimplications.Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?

SomeexplanationsforAmerica’stimeatworkfailtostanduptoscrutiny.Oneblamesweaktradeunionsthatleaveworkersopentoexploitation.Areworkersbeingforcedbycost-cuttingfirmstotoilharderjusttokeeptheirjobs?ArecentstudybytwoAmericaneconomists,RichardFreemanandLindaBell,suggestsnot:whenasked,Americansactuallywanttoworklongerhours.MostGermanworkers,incontrast,wouldratherworkless.

Then,whydoAmericanswanttoworkharder?OnereasonmaybethattherealearningsofmanyAmericanshavebeenstagnantorfallingduringthepasttwodecades.Peopleworklongermerelytomaintaintheirlivingstandards.Yetmanyhigherskilledworkers,whohaveenjoyedbigincreasesintheirrealpay,havebeenworkinghardertoo.Also,onereasonfortheslowgrowthofwageshasbeentherapidgrowthinemployment-whichismoreorlesswheretheargumentbegan.

Taxesmayhavesomethingtodowithit.PeoplewhoworkanextrahourinAmericaareallowedtokeepmoreoftheirmoneythanthosewhodothesameinGermany.FallsinmarginaltaxratesinAmericasincethe1970shavemadeitallthemoreprofitabletoworklonger.

Noneoftheseanswersreallyexplainswhythecentury-longdeclineinworkinghourshasgoneintoreverseinAmericabutnotelsewhere(thoughBritainshowsignsoffollowingAmerica’slead).Perhapsculturaldifferences--thelastrefugeofthedefeatedeconomists---areatplay.Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,theirincentivetoworkwouldbeeroded,likelionsrelaxingafterakill.Buthumansaremoresusceptibletoadvertisingthanlions.Perhapsclevermarketinghasensuredthat“basicneeds”--forashowerwithbuilt-inTV,forarocket-propelledcar—expandcontinuously.ShoppingisalreadyoneofAmerica’smostpopularpastimes.Butitrequiresmoney—hencemoreworkandlessleisure.Ortrythis,thetelevisionisnotverygood,andbaseballandhockeykeepbeingwipedoutbystrikes.PerhapsWildewasright.MaybeAmericanshavenothingbettertodo.

1.IntheUnitedStates,workinglongerhoursis（

）.

2.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichmightbeoneoftheconsequencesofworkinglongerhours?

3.Whichofthefollowingisthecauseofworkinglongerhoursstatedbythewriter?

問題1選項

A.confinedtothemanufacturingindustry

B.atraditionalpracticeinsomesectors

C.prevalentinallsectorsofsociety

D.favoredbytheeconomists

問題2選項

A.Riseinemployees’workingefficiency

B.Riseinthenumberofyoungoffenders

C.Riseinpeople’slivingstandards

D.Riseincompetitiveness

問題3選項

A.Expansionofbasicneeds

B.Culturaldifferences

C.Increaseinrealearnings

D.Advertising

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:...幾項研究表明，制造業(yè)以外也在發(fā)生類似的事情:...”也就是說，除了制造業(yè)，美國其他行業(yè)里工作時間也很長，所以選項C正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?父母花在孩子身上的時間更少，他們（孩子）可能會被長時間的留在家里。青少年犯罪呈上升趨勢，這僅僅是個巧合嗎?”由此可知，長時間工作的結(jié)果將會導(dǎo)致青少年犯罪數(shù)量的增加。選項B符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“這些答案都不能真正解釋為什么美國的工作時間長達(dá)一個世紀(jì)的下降趨勢已經(jīng)逆轉(zhuǎn)，而其他地方卻沒有(盡管英國有跡象表明正在步美國的后塵)。也許文化差異——失敗經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的最后避難所——正在發(fā)揮作用?！边@里提到文化差異的問題，但這并不是美國人長時間工作的原因。下文提到“Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,...經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家過去認(rèn)為，一旦工人掙到足夠的錢來滿足他們的基本需求和一些奢侈品...”由此可知，真正的原因是為了擴(kuò)大基本需求，所以選項A正確。

13.單選題

Thefarmersreceiveda（

）fromthegovernmenttogrowhiscrop.

問題1選項

A.subsidy

B.subsidiary

C.subordinate

D.successor

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項subsidy“補貼”；B選項subsidiary“輔助者”；C選項subordinate“下屬，下級”；D選項successor“繼承者”。句意：農(nóng)民們從政府那里得到了補貼來種植作物。選項A符合句意。

14.單選題

Mrs.Lackeywasawakenedbytheringingofthebedsidephone12hoursafterherhusband’sboathadbeen（

）.

問題1選項

A.wrecked

B.collapsed

C.decayed

D.fired

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項wrecked“破壞，毀滅，船舶失事”；B選項collapsed“倒塌，崩潰”；C選項decayed“腐爛，衰退”；D選項fired“點火，激發(fā)”。句意：在她丈夫的船失事12個小時后，Lackey夫人被床邊的電話鈴聲吵醒。選項A符合語境。

15.單選題

Hetriedtowaveasidetheseissuesas（

）detailsthatwouldbesettledlaterafterhefinisheddealingwiththeimportantones.

問題1選項

A.versatile

B.trivial

C.preliminary

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項versatile“通用的，多才多藝的”；B選項trivial“瑣碎的”；C選項preliminary“初步的”；D選項alternate“交替的，輪流的”。句意：他試圖把這些問題當(dāng)作雞毛蒜皮的小事置之不理，等他處理完重要的問題后再解決。選項B符合句意。

16.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

1996年，世界上海拔最高的現(xiàn)代化的、多功能的大型圖書館西藏自治區(qū)圖書館建成開館。

她不想被別人看成賣弄才學(xué)的女子。

競爭確有好處，它能逼你去創(chuàng)造、去革新。

中國不尋求霸權(quán)或支配世界事務(wù)，而是倡導(dǎo)建立國際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序。

維護(hù)祖國統(tǒng)一事關(guān)中華民族的根本利益，中國人民將義無反顧的捍衛(wèi)國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，絕不允許任何人以任何方式把臺灣從中國分裂出去。

【答案】In1996,thelarge,modemandmulti-functionalTibetAutonomousRegionLibrary,theworld’shighestinaltitude,wascompletedandopenedtothepublic.

Shedidnotwanttobelookeduponasabluestocking.

Competitionisagoodthingforcingyoutobecreativeandinnovative.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairsbuttoadvocateanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

TosafeguardnationalunitybearsonthefundamentalinterestsoftheChinesenation.WeChinesepeoplewillsafeguardourstatesovereigntyandterritorialintegritywithresolve,neverallowinganyonetoseparateTaiwanfromChinainanyway.

17.單選題

JackwasabouttoannounceourplanbutI（

）.

問題1選項

A.puthimthrough

B.turnedhimout

C.gavehimup

D.cuthimshort

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項putthrough“接通，完成”；B選項turnout“結(jié)果是”；C選項giveup“放棄”；D選項cutshort“打斷，縮減”。句意：杰克正要宣布我們的計劃，但我打斷了他。選項D更符合語境。

18.單選題

Shelookedso

youngand（

）thathefelt

thatheshouldtrytoprotecther.

問題1選項

A.susceptible

B.fragile

C.vital

D.vulnerable

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項susceptible“易受影響的”；B選項fragile“易碎的”；C選項vital“至關(guān)重要的”；D選項vulnerable“易受攻擊的，易受傷害的”。句意：她看上去那么年輕，那么脆弱，他覺得他應(yīng)該試著保護(hù)她。這里的脆弱指的是易受傷害，所以選項D更符合語境。

19.單選題

Mothertoldmethatthemostimportantthingofchoosingapieceofclothisits（

）.

問題1選項

A.style

B.texture

C.textile

D.content

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項style“風(fēng)格，類型”；B選項texture“質(zhì)地，紋理，結(jié)構(gòu)”；C選項textile“紡織品”；D選項content“內(nèi)容，滿足”。句意：母親告訴我，挑選一塊布最重要的是看它的質(zhì)地。選項B符合句意。

20.單選題

Themostsuccessfulwaytosolvethelanguageproblemwhileaforeignplayisbeingperformedis（

）translation.

問題1選項

A.homogeneous

B.simultaneous

C.instantaneous

D.spontaneous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項homogeneous“均勻的，同質(zhì)的”；B選項simultaneous“同時的”；C選項instantaneous“瞬間的”；D選項spontaneous“自發(fā)的，無意識的”。句意：解決外交活動中的語言問題最成功的方法是同聲傳譯。選項B符合句意。

21.單選題

I’msurethatIcansoon（

）himintoacceptingourplan.

問題1選項

A.say

B.speak

C.talk

D.tell

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。talksbinto...表示“說服某人做某事”。句意：我確信我很快就能說服他接受我們的計劃。選項C符合句意。

22.單選題

Withthedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,aninternationalmediumofexchangeisrequired.Fromthelate1800suntilWorldWarI,mostcountriesoperatedonthegoldstandard.Goldcoinsofstandardspecificationscirculatedfreelybetweencountries,makinggoldineffectaninternationalcurrency.Thissystemprovidedanautomaticcorrectionforsometradeimbalances,butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade),anditwasvulnerablytoshort-termchangesinthegoldsupply.

Afterthefinancialstabilityofthe1930s，theinternationalmonetarysystemwasre-builtfollowingWorldWarIIonthegold-exchangestandard.ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice($35anounceuntil1968).TheInternationalMonetaryFund,akeyinstitutionsetupunderthissystem,makesinternationalloanswithcapitalsubscribedbyitsmembers,whichincludemostnoncommuniststates.Votingrightsareproportionaltotheamountssubscribed.TheIMFhasbeenable,throughitsloans,tostabilizefluctuatingcurrenciesandtoinfluencetheinternalfinancialpoliciesofrecipientcountries,afrequentlycriticizedpractice.

Thesuccessofthegoldexchangestandard,however,dependedonthesuperiorpositionoftheUSinworldtrade.Inthe1960s,continualbalancepaymentsdeficitsloweredUSgoldreservesandfatallyunderminedthesystem.In1968atwo-tieredsystemwasadopted.Governmentbanksmaintainedafixedgoldprice,whilenonegovernmentalbuyerstradedfreely.Simultaneously,non-dollarspecialdrawingrightwereassignedtoIMFmembersinproportiontotheircontributions.Butthesechangesdidn’trelievethestrainontheUSdollar.In1971PresidentRichardNixonannouncedthatdollarswouldnolongerautomaticallybeexchangedforgold,andsincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.

1.SinceWorldWarIItheinternationalmonetarysystemhasshownanoveralltrendtoward（

）.

2.Thereasonwhythegoldstandardhadlimitedliquidityisprobablebecause

（

）.

3.Thegold-exchangestandarddiffersfromthegoldstandardinthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.greatercentralizecontrolofworldtrade.

B.tryingthevalueofworldcurrenciesratherthanthevalueofgoldsupply

C.increasinglystablecurrencies

D.substitutingseveraldifferentmonetarystandardsforasingleunifiedstandard

問題2選項

A.themoneysupplycouldnotincreasefasterthanthetrade

B.themoneysupplyvariedindependentlyofthegoldsupply

C.itwasimpossibletoconvertthecurrencyofonecountryintothatofanother

D.anation’scurrencycouldnotbefreelyconvertedintogold

問題3選項

A.itdoesnotestablishagenerallyacceptedinternationalmediumofexchange

B.itestablishesnorelationshipbetweenthevalueofagivencurrencyandthevalueofgold

C.therelationshipitestablishesbetweenthevalueofanycurrencyandwhateverthevalueofgoldisindirectratherthandirect.

D.itisatwo-tieredratherthanasingle-tieredsystem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，原文第一段講了金本位制下黃金作為國際貨幣的不足之處；第二段提到國際貨幣體系取代黃金作為國際貨幣交換的媒介；再根據(jù)第三段最后一句“sincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.從那時起，就沒有單一的國際貨幣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！币簿褪钦f出現(xiàn)了多種貨幣體系來代替統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，選項D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade).但它幾乎沒有流動性(貨幣供應(yīng)不能像擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易所需要的那樣迅速擴(kuò)張)。”由此可知，選項A符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice.大多數(shù)國家貨幣的價值與美元掛鉤是固定的，外匯儲備以美元形式保存，這些美元將在黃金需求時以固定價格兌換。”由此可知，金匯兌本位制區(qū)別于金本位制是由于它在任何貨幣價值和黃金價值之間所建立的關(guān)系不是直接的，而是間接的。所以選項C符合原文。

23.單選題

Noverysatisfactoryaccountofthemechanismthatcausedtheformationoftheoceanbasinshasyetbeengiven.Thetraditionalviewsupposesthattheuppermantleoftheearthbehavesasaliquidwhenitissubjectedtosmallforcesforlongperiodsandthatdifferencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinentsaresufficienttoproduceconvectioninthemantleoftheearthwithrisingconvectioncurrentsunderthemidoceanridgesandsinkingcurrentsunderthecontinents.Theoretically,thisconvectionwouldcarrythecontinentalplatesalongasthoughtheywereonaconveyorbeltandwouldprovidetheforcesneededtoproducethesplitthatoccursalongtheridge.Thisviewmaybecorrect;ithastheadvantagethatthecurrentsaredrivenbytemperaturedifferencesthatthemselvesdependonthepositionofthecontinents.Suchabackcoupling,inwhichthepositionofthemovingplatehasanimpactontheforcesthatmoveit,couldproducecomplicatedandvaryingmotions.

Ontheotherhand,thetheoryisimplausiblebecauseconvectiondoesnotnormallyoccuralonglines,anditcertainlydoesnotoccuralonglinesbrokenbyfrequentoffsetsorchangesindirection,astheridgeis.AlsoitisdifficulttoseehowthetheoryappliestotheplatebetweentheMid-AtlanticRidgeandtheridgeintheIndianOcean.Thisplateisgrowingonbothsides,andsincethereisonintermediatetrenchthetworidgesmustbemovingapart.Itwouldbeoddiftherisingconvectioncurrentskeptexactpacewiththem.Atlantictheoryisthatthesinkingpartoftheplate,whichisdenserthanthehottersurroundingmantle,pullstherestoftheplateafterit.AgainitisdifficulttoseehowthisappliestotheridgeintheSouthAtlantic,whereneithertheAfricannortheAmericanplatehasasinkingpart.

Anotherpossibilityisthatthesinkingplatecoolstheneighboringmantleandproducesconvectioncurrentsthatmovetheplates.Thislasttheoryisattractivebecauseitgivessomehopeofexplainingtheenclosedseas,suchastheSeaofJapan.Theseseashaveatypicaloceanicfloor,exceptthatthefloorisoverlaidbyseveralkilometersofsediment.TheirFloorshaveprobablybeensinkingforlongperiods.Itseemspossiblethatasinkingcurrentofcooledmantlematerialontheuppersideoftheplatemightbethecauseofsuchdeepbasins.Theenclosedseasareanimportantfeatureoftheearth’ssurfaceandseriouslyrequireexplanationbecause,inadditiontotheenclosedseasthataredevelopingatpresentbehindislandarcs;thereareanumberofolderonesofpossiblysimilarorigin;suchastheGulfofMexico,theBlackSea.andperhapsthenNorthSea.

1.Accordingtothetraditionalviewoftheoriginoftheoceanbasins,whichofthefollowingissufficienttomovethecontinentalplates?

2.Theauthorreferstoa“conveyorbelt”(Lines5,Para.1)inorderto（

）.

3.Theauthorregardsthetraditionalviewoftheoriginoftheoceanbasin

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingareseparatedbyaplatethatisgrowingonbothsides?

問題1選項

A.Spreadingofoceantrenches.

B.Movementofmid-oceanridges.

C.Sinkingofoceanbasins.

D.Differencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinents.

問題2選項

A.illustratetheeffectsofconvectioninthemantle.

B.showhowtemperaturedifferencesdependonthepositionsofthecontinent

C.demonstratethelinearoftheMidAtlanticRidge

D.describethecomplicatedmotionsmadepossiblybybackcoupling

問題3選項

A.guardedskepticism

B.absoluteindifference

C.indignantanger

D.completedisbelief

問題4選項

A.ThePacificOceanandtheSeaofJapan.

B.TheSouthAtlanticRidgeandtheNorthSeaRidge.

C.TheGulfofMexicoandtheSouthAtlanticRidge.

D.TheMidAtlanticRidgeandtheIndianOceanRidge

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Thetraditionalviewsupposesthat…underthecontinents.傳統(tǒng)的觀點認(rèn)為，當(dāng)?shù)厍虻纳系蒯ｉL時間受到微力的作用會變成液體，以及海洋和大陸的溫差在地球的地幔中足以產(chǎn)生對流，海洋中脊下的對流上升，大陸下的對流下降?！庇纱丝芍?，是海洋與大陸的溫差造成了板塊的移動，所以選項D符合原文。

2.作者意圖題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“conveyorbelt”定位到第一段第三句“Theoretically,thisconvectionwouldcarrythecontinentalplatesalongasthoughtheywereonaconveyorbeltandwouldprovidetheforcesneededtoproducethesplitthatoccursalongtheridge.理論上來說，這種對流會帶動大陸板塊，就像在傳送帶上一樣，并提供洋脊產(chǎn)生分裂所需的動力?！庇纱丝芍?，作者把對流運動比喻成傳送帶，是為了說明對流運動產(chǎn)生的影響，所以選項A正確。

3.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文中所提及的“Thisviewmaybecorrect”以及“Ontheotherhand,thetheoryisimplausible（難以置信的）…”說明作者對傳統(tǒng)觀點的態(tài)度是持保留意見的懷疑，所以選項A正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息“growingonbothsides”定位到第二段第三句“Thisplateisgrowingonbothsides.”這里的“this”即上文提及的“theMid-AtlanticRidgeandtheridgeintheIndianOcean”，所以選項D正確。

24.單選題

Youshoulddimyourlightsinordernottodazzlethe（

）traffic.

問題1選項

A.meeting

B.facing

C.advancing

D.oncoming

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項meeting“會面，會合”；B選項facing“面朝的，對面的”；C選項advancing“前進(jìn)的，年長的”；D選項oncoming“接近的，迎面而來的”。句意：為了不使迎面而來的車輛眼花繚亂，你應(yīng)該把燈調(diào)暗。選項D符合語境。

25.單選題

Thisnewtypeofplanthasaan（

）,bulb-shapedstem,thoughnotverydelicious.

問題1選項

A.oval

B.edible

C.reliable

D.available

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項oval“橢圓的”；B選項edible“可食用的”；C選項reliable“可靠的”；D選項available“可獲得的”。句意：這種新型的植物有一個可食用的，球狀的莖，雖然不是很美味。根據(jù)句子的后半部分可知，選項B符合語境。

26.單選題

Shewasso（

）fortheknowledgethatshehadtaughtherselfallthecoursesbeforeshewenttocollege.

問題1選項

A.grave

B.greedy

C.anxious

D.worried

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項grave“重大的”；B選項greedy“貪婪的，渴望的”；C選項anxious“焦慮的”；D選項worried“擔(dān)心的”。句意：她是對知識是如此的渴望，以至于她在上大學(xué)之前就自學(xué)了所有的課程。選項B符合句意。

27.單選題

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz（千兆赫），forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarry