2022年考研考博-考博英語-寧夏大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號85

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-寧夏大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Heclaimsthatadvertisingtodaytendstoportraywomenintraditionalrolessuchascookingortakingcareofthebaby.

問題1選項

A.depict

B.advocate

C.criticize

D.analyze

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項“描述，描寫”；B選項“呼吁，提倡”；C選項“批評”；D選項“分析”；題干中portray“描述，描畫”，句意：他聲稱，如今的廣告傾向于塑造女性扮演傳統(tǒng)角色，比如做飯或照顧孩子。因此A選項符合題意。

2.單選題

What,canrigid,coldcalculatingmathematicspossiblyhaveincommonwithsubtle,creative,lofty,imaginativeart?Thisquestionfaithfullymirrorsthestateofmindofmostpeople,evenofmosteducatedpeople,whentheyregardthenumbersandsymbolsthatpopulatetheworldofmathematics.Butthegreatleadersofmathematicsthoughthavefrequentlyandrepeatedlyassertedthattheobjectoftheirpursuitisjustasmuchanartasitisascience,andperhapsevenafineart.MaximeBocher,andeminentmathematicianlivingatthebeginningofthiscentury,wrote:“Iliketolookatmathematicsalmostmoreasanartthanasascience;fortheactivityofthemathematician,constantlycreatingasheis,guidedalthoughnotcontrolledbytheexternalworldofthesenses,bearsaresemblance,notfanciful,Ibelieve,butreal,totheactivitiesoftheartist—ofapainter,letussay.Rigorousdeductivereasoningonthepartofthemathematicianmaybelikenedheretothetechnicalskillindrawingonthepartofthepainter.Justasonecannotbecomeapainterwithoutacertainamountofskill,sonoonecanbecomeamathematicianwithoutthepowertoreasonaccuratelyuptoacertainpoint.”Yetthesequalities,fundamentalthoughtheyare,donotmakeapainteroramathematicianworthyofthename,norindeedaretheythemostimportantfactorsinthecase.Otherqualitiesofafarmoresubtlesort,chiefamongwhichinbothcasesisimagination,gointothemakingofagoodartistoragoodmathematician.

Ifmathematicswantstolayclaimtobeinganart,however,itmostshowthatitpossessesandmakesuseofatleastsomeoftheelementsthatgotomakeupthethingsofbeauty.Isnotimagination,creativeimagination,themostessentialelementsofanart?Letustakeageometricobject,suchasthecircle.Totheordinaryman,thisistherimofawheel,perhapswithspokesinit.Elementarygeometryhascrowdedthissimplefigurewithradii,chords,sectors,tangents,diameters,inscribedandcircumscribedpolygons,andsoon.

Hereyouhavealreadyanentiregeometricalworldcreatedfromaveryrudimentarybeginning.Theseandothermiraclesareundeniableproofofthecreativepowerofthemathematician;and,asifthiswerenotenough,themathematicianallowsthewholecircleto“vanish”,declaresittobeimaginary,thenkeepsontoyingwithhisnewcreationinmuchthesamewayandwithmuchthesamegustoashedidwiththeinnocentlittlethingyouallowedhimtostartoutwith.Andallthis,rememberplease,isjustelementaryplanegeometry.Truly,thecreativeimaginationdisplayedbythemathematicianhasnowherebeenexceeded,notevenparalleled,and,Iwouldmakeboldtosay,nowevencloselyapproachedanywhereelse,nmanywaysmathematicsexhibitsthesameelementsofbeautythataregenerallyacknowledgedtobetheessenceofpoetry.Firstletusconsideraminorpoint:thepoetarrangeshiswritingsonthepageinverses.Hispoemfirstappealstotheeyebeforeitreachestheearorthemind;andsimilarly,themathematicianlinesuphisformulasandequationssothattheirformmaymakeanaestheticimpression.Somemathematiciansaregiventothisloveofarrangingandexhibitingtheirequationstoadegreethatbordersonafault.Trigonometry,abranchofelementarymathematicsparticularlyrichinformulas,offerssomecuriousgroupsofthem,curiousintheirsymmetryandtheirarrangement.

Thesuperiorityofpoetryoverotherformsofverbalexpressionliesfirstinthesymbolismusedinpoetry,andsecondlyinitsextremecondensationandeconomyofwords.Takeapoemofuniversallyacknowledgedmerit,say,Shelley’spoem“ToNight”.Hereisthesecondstanza:Wrapthyforminamantlegray,star-inwrought!BlindwiththinehairtheeyesofDay;Kissheruntilshebeweariedout;Thenwandero’ercity,andsea,andland.Touchingallwiththineopiatewand—Come,long-sought!

Takenliterally,allthisis,ofcourse,sheernonsenseandnothingelse.Nighthasnohair,nightdoesnotwearanyclothes,andnightisnotanillicitpeddlerofnarcotics.Butisthereanybodybalmyenoughtotakethewordsofthepoetliterally?Thewordshereareonlycomparisons,onlysymbols.Forthesakeofcondensationthepoetdoesn’tbotherstatingthathissymbolsmeansuchandsuch,butgoesontotreatthemasiftheywererealities.

Themathematiciandoesthesethingspreciselyasthepoetdoes.Takenumbersforexample,theveryideaofwhichisanabstraction,orsymbol.Whenyouwritethefigure3,youhavecreatedasymbolforasymbol,andwhenyousayinalgebrathatisanumber,youhavecondensedallthesymbolsforallthenumbersintooneall-embracingsymbol.These,likeothermathematicalsymbols,andlikethepoetssymbols,areacondensed,concentratedwayofstatingalongandrathercomplicatedchainofsimplegeometrical,algebraic,ornumericalrelations.Now,ismathematicsanart?

1.Thesimilaritybetweentheactivitiesofmathematiciansandthoseofartistsis（）.

2.InMaximeBocher’sopinion,whatisthefundamentalelementthatmakesagoodartistormathematician?

3.Inwhatwaydomathematiciansexhibitthesameelementsofbeautyaspoet?

4.Poetryissuperiortootherformsofexpressionforits（）.

5.Justlikepoets,mathematiciansmay（）.

問題1選項

A.botharecontrolledbytheexternalworld

B.bothrememberthesensesoftheworld

C.botharenotfancifulbutreal

D.bothinvolveconstantcreating

問題2選項

A.Numericalskills.

B.Imagination.

C.Creation.

D.Senseofbeauty.

問題3選項

A.Mathematicianswouldliketosparenoefforttomaketheirproofselegant.

B.Mathematicianslovetoarrangetheirformulasandequationssothattheytakeabeautifulform.

C.Mathematiciansseldomarrangetheirformulasandequationsinsymmetry.

D.Mathematiciansliketoarrangetheirformulasinverses.

問題4選項

A.unusualdiction

B.imaginativeexpression

C.symbolism,condensationandeconomyofwords

D.condensationandimaginativediction

問題5選項

A.usesymbolsforthesakeofcondensationandconcentration

B.usesymbolsforthesakeofcomparison

C.usepoemsasakindofsymbols

D.usenumberstosignifybeauty

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段fortheactivityofthemathematician,constantlycreatingasheis,guidedalthoughnotcontrolledbytheexternalworldofthesenses,bearsaresemblance,notfanciful,Ibelieve,butreal,totheactivitiesoftheartist—ofapainter,letussay.（因為數(shù)學家的活動，不斷地創(chuàng)造，盡管不受感官的外部世界的控制，但與藝術(shù)家的活動，比如說畫家的活動，有著相似之處，我相信不是空想，而是真實的。）因此D選項“兩者都涉及不斷創(chuàng)造”正確。A選項“兩者都受外部世界的控制”；B選項“兩者都記得世界的感覺”；C選項“兩者都不是幻想，而是真實的”，這三項都是文章中未體現(xiàn)的。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段最后一句Otherqualitiesofafarmoresubtlesort,chiefamongwhichinbothcasesisimagination,gointothemakingofagoodartistoragoodmathematician.（一個好的藝術(shù)家或好的數(shù)學家還具有其他更微妙的品質(zhì)，其中最主要的是想象力。）因此B選項“想象力”正確。A選項“數(shù)值技巧”；C選項“創(chuàng)造”；D選項“審美”都不是文章所說明的。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段Hispoemfirstappealstotheeyebeforeitreachestheearorthemind;andsimilarly,themathematicianlinesuphisformulasandequationssothattheirformmaymakeanaestheticimpression.（他的詩在到達耳朵或心靈之前首先吸引了人們的目光；同樣地，數(shù)學家把他的公式和方程式排列起來，以便它們的形式能給人留下美感。）因此B選項“數(shù)學家們喜歡把他們的公式和方程式排列得很漂亮”正確。A選項“數(shù)學家們愿意不遺余力地使他們的證明優(yōu)雅”；C選項“數(shù)學家很少用對稱的方式排列他們的公式和方程”；D選項“數(shù)學家喜歡用詩句來排列他們的公式”，都不是文章中給出的信息。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息位到倒數(shù)第三段Thesuperiorityofpoetryoverotherformsofverbalexpressionliesfirstinthesymbolismusedinpoetry,andsecondlyinitsextremecondensationandeconomyofwords.（詩歌相對于其他語言表達形式的優(yōu)越性首先在于詩歌中使用的象征手法，其次在于其詞的極端濃縮和簡潔。）因此C選項“詞語的象征、濃縮和簡潔”正確。A選項“不尋常的措辭”；B選項“富有想象力的表達”；D選項“縮合和想象的措辭”，不符合文意。

5.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到最后一段These,likeothermathematicalsymbols,andlikethepoetssymbols,areacondensed,concentratedwayofstatingalongandrathercomplicatedchainofsimplegeometrical,algebraic,ornumericalrelations.（這些符號，像其他的數(shù)學符號，也像詩人的符號一樣，是一種濃縮的方式，用來表述由簡單的幾何、代數(shù)或數(shù)字關(guān)系構(gòu)成的長而復(fù)雜的鏈條。）因此A選項“使用符號是為了濃縮和集中”正確。B選項“使用符號是為了比較”，不正確；C選項“把詩歌作為一種象征”不符合文章；D選項“用數(shù)字來表示美”，文章是說將數(shù)字變成符號，而不是表示美。

3.單選題

Thereissupposedtobeasafety（）whichmakesitimpossiblefortrainstocollide.

問題1選項

A.appliance

B.accessory

C.machine

D.mechanism

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項appliance“器具，器械”；B選項accessory“配件，附件”；C選項machine“機器”；D選項mechanism“機制，原理，途徑”。句意：應(yīng)該有一種安全_____使火車不可能相撞。這里考查固定搭配safetymechanism“安全機制”，因此D選項符合題意。

4.單選題

Climateandweatheraffectevery（）ofourlives.

問題1選項

A.factor

B.respect

C.aspect

D.part

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項factor“因素；要素”；B選項respect“尊重；方面”，C選項aspect“方面；方向”，D選項part“部分；角色”；原句：氣候和天氣會影響我們生活的方方面面，固定搭配只能用aspect表示，因此C選項符合題意。

5.單選題

Onthecoasttheweatheris（）withdayafterdayofhotsunshine,inthemountainshowevertheaircoolsquicklyanduntiltheendofJuneyoucanstillfindsnowonthemountaintops.

問題1選項

A.funny

B.interesting

C.romantic

D.fantastic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項funny“有趣的”，B選項interesting“令人感興趣的”，C選項romantic“浪漫的”，D選項fantastic“極好的；極出色的”；句中搭配修飾天氣，因此應(yīng)該是“很好的天氣”，因此D選項符合題意。句意為：海岸的天氣非常好，每天都有炎熱的陽光，但是在山上，空氣很快就變涼了，直到六月底，山頂上仍然可以看到雪。

6.翻譯題

面對多變的經(jīng)濟形勢，我們主張要大力推動開放創(chuàng)新。國際金融危機爆發(fā)7年來的實踐證明，唯有同舟共濟，才能渡過難關(guān)。在相互依存的世界里，各國有權(quán)根據(jù)自己的國情制定經(jīng)濟政策，但是也應(yīng)加強同其他國家的宏觀政策協(xié)調(diào)，擴大利益匯合點，實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展。歐洲有諺語講：“面對變革之風，有人砌圍墻，有人轉(zhuǎn)風車?！蔽覀兂珜ы槃荻鵀?，堅定不移推進自由貿(mào)易，旗幟鮮明反對保護主義，積極擴大區(qū)域經(jīng)濟合作，打造全球價值鏈，迎接新科技革命的到來。宏觀政策固然重要，但結(jié)構(gòu)性改革勢在必行，這是國際社會的共識。盡管難度很大，但也應(yīng)該堅持去做，這樣才能形成全球創(chuàng)新合力，增強世界發(fā)展的新動能。

【答案】Inaworldfacingvolatileeconomicsituation,weshouldallworktopromoteopening-upandinnovation.Whathashappenedsincetheoutbreakoftheinternationalfinancialcrisissevenyearsagoprovesthattoworkinunityisthesurestwayforcountriestogetoverthedifficulties.Weareallinterdependentinthisworld.Whileweeachhavetherighttoadopteconomicpoliciesinlinewithnationalconditions,weneedtostrengthenmacro-policycoordinationtoexpandtheconvergenceofinterestsandachievecommondevelopment.AnEuropeanproverbsays,“whenthewindofchangeblows,somebuildwalls,whileothersbuildwindmills.”Weneedtoactalongthetrendofourtime,firmlyadvancefreetrade,resolutelyrejectprotectionism,andactivelyexpandregionaleconomiccooperation.Weneedtobuildglobalvaluechains,andseizetheopportunityofanewtechnologicalrevolution.Whiletheinternationalcommunityagreeontheimportanceofmacro-policiestotheeconomy,theyalsorecognizetheurgencytogoaheadwithstructuralreform.Structuralreformmustbecarriedthroughnomatterhowdifficultitis,asitisaneffectivewaytofosterconditionsconducivetoglobalinnovationandbringaboutnewmomentumforglobaldevelopment.

7.單選題

Sheisthemost（）secretaryI’veeverhad.

問題1選項

A.efficient

B.effective

C.industrial

D.practiced

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項efficient“有效率的；有能力的；生效的”，B選項effective“有效的，起作用的；實際的”，C選項industrial“工業(yè)的，產(chǎn)業(yè)的”，D選項practiced“熟練的；有經(jīng)驗的；老練的”；然后看到題干：她是為我效力過的最（）的秘書?？梢钥闯鲋挥蠥帶進去最符合，她應(yīng)該是效率高，能力高的秘書，因此A選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Theneighborsdonotconsiderhimquite（）asmosteveningsheawakensthemwithhisdrunkensinging.

問題1選項

A.respected

B.respective

C.respectful

D.respectable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項respected“受尊敬的”；B選項respective“分別的，各自的”；C選項respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；D選項respectable“值得尊敬的，人格高尚的，相當數(shù)量的”。句意：鄰居們認為他不（），因為大多數(shù)晚上他都會用醉醺醺的歌聲把他們吵醒。這里表達的句意是“他不值得尊敬”，因此D選項符合題意。

9.單選題

ForonebriefmomentinApril,LarryEllisoncamewithinafewdollarsofbeingtherichestmanintheworld.ThecomputertycoonwasholdingaglobalconferencecallonaWednesdaymorning,whenthevalueofhiscompanysurged.

ItwasthemomenthealmostovertookBillGates,founderofMicrosoft,asthewealthiestontheplanet.Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.Theself-proclaimed“badboy”ofSiliconValleyfoundhimselfworthmorethanUS$52billion,upfromamereUS$10billionthistimelastyear.ThenMicrosoft’sshareprice,whichhadplungedinrecentweeks,recoveredandthemomentpassed.

Once,Ellison,founderofthesoftwarecompanyOracle,wouldhavedancedaroundhisdeskcursinglikeapirateatfailingtobringdownGates,arivalhehadconstantlymadefunofinpublic.ButSiliconValleyinsiderssaidheremainedcalm,andmuttered:“Oneday,onedayvery,verysoon.”Heknewhismomentwasclose.UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms),aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.HealsoplanstoimportaRussianMig-29fighter(capableof1,500mph).Whydoeshewantone?Sothat,hejoked,hecanblastGateshomenearSeattle.Carsarecheapandcheerfulbycomparison.Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.InSanFranciscoheownsamagnificenthouseinPacificHeights,oneofWesternAmerica’smostexpensivestretchesofrealestate.Thehouseisatechnicalmarvel:Whenheinsertshiskey,theopaqueglassdoorturnstransparent,revealingaJapanesegardeninthemiddleofthehouse.Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.

WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.HewasborntoanunmarriedmotherandadoptedbyhisRussianuncleandaunt.Abrilliantbutunpredictableself-promoter,hedroppedoutofcollege,drovetoCaliforniainabatteredThunderbirdcarandendedupworkingwithcomputertechniciansatabank.“Healwayshadachampagnelifestyleonbeermoney,”hisfirstwifesaid.

HesetupOraclein1977asasuper-salesmanwith3programmers,creatingsoftwareforbusinesses.Italmostcollapsedwhenitpromisedmorethanitcoulddeliver,butsincethenitsfortuneshavesoared.Nowitemploys43,000peopleandhasdesigneddata-processingsystemsusedbyBritain’sMl5spyserviceaswellasbigwesterncompanies.Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.

Sincehiscompanygotbig,Ellisonhaspromisedshareholdersthathewillspendmoretimeintheoffice.Butcanheescapebeingthethrill-seekerheisatheart?Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.Itisdangeroussport,evenforguests.MediatycoonRupertMurdochoncenearlylostafingerwhenhegrabbedaropeduringaraceonboardthesayonara.Ellisonjokedatleasthecouldstillwrotechecks.

Regardlessofdistractions,EllisonwillnotgiveupinhisbattleagainstGates.Hehatestolose.Ellisondeclaresthatanysuchdominancebyoneman,likeMicrosoftincomputerindustry,isunhealthy.Hehasobviouslyforgottenhisownplanforaglobalempire,whichhewantedtocalltheUniversalTitanicOctopusCorporation.

1.Inthestockmarket,（）.

2.UnlikeBillGates,Ellison（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTEllison’sbelongings?

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEllison?

5.Oracle’sadvantageisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.EllisonisasrichasBillGates

B.EllisonhasUS$200,000lessthanBillGates

C.Ellisonisricherthanbill

D.OraclehasmoremoneythanMicrosoft

問題2選項

A.comesfromastrongfamily

B.hasapoorfather

C.doesnotspendmuchoncharity

D.wasborninCalifornia

問題3選項

A.AGulfstreamVjet.

B.AMarchettifighter.

C.APorscheBoxster.

D.ARussianMig-29fighter.

問題4選項

A.Ellisonlacksthecharacteristicsofcalmness.

B.EllisondislikeJapaneseculture.

C.Ellisoniskeenonyachting.

D.Ellison’sbusinesshasgonesmoothlysincethebeginning.

問題5選項

A.itssharepriceisprettyhigh

B.ithasmoreemployeesthanMicrosoft

C.itsthebiggestwesterncompany

D.itssoftwareismoreinternet-friendlythanMicrosoft

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.（有那么幾秒鐘，當交易員們認為微軟股價下跌、甲骨文股價上漲時，埃里森的股價只比蓋茨便宜20萬美元。）因此B選項“埃里森比比爾?蓋茨身價少20萬美元”正確。A選項“埃里森和比爾?蓋茨一樣富有”不正確，文章討論的是他們的身價，而不是誰更有錢。C選項“埃里森比比爾?蓋茨更富有”，不正確，文章沒有給出這個信息；D選項“甲骨文比微軟有更多的錢”，根據(jù)埃里森的身價沒有比爾蓋茨高可以推斷甲骨文（埃里森的公司）應(yīng)該是沒有微軟更有錢的。

2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.（與蓋茨不同的是，他不熱衷于慈善事業(yè)，更喜歡按自己的方式花錢。）因此C選項“在慈善事業(yè)上花的錢不多”正確。A選項“來自一個強大的家庭”在后文WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.（雖然蓋茨來自一個強大的家庭，但埃里森仍然不知道他的父親是誰。）A選項不正確；B選項“有一個貧窮的父親”，他甚至都不知道自己的父親是誰，不正確；D選項“出生在加利福尼亞”，后文說他自己駕車去了加利福尼亞，所以可以判斷他不是在這里出生的，錯誤。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms).（他有自己的私人空軍，一個駐扎在雷德伍德城附近的圣何塞機場的軍事風格的機組人員，幫助他駕駛灣流V型噴氣式飛機。）因此A選項是他的所有物；同樣在第三段aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.（一架從意大利進口的馬爾切蒂戰(zhàn)斗機，以及其他幾架飛機，包括給他兒子的一名教練員。）因此B選項也是他的所有物；在第三段Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.（他有一輛相對普通的保時捷Boxster，兩輛經(jīng)過特別改裝的奔馳和一輛價值90萬美元的銀色邁凱輪。）因此C選項也是他的所有物；只有D選項是原文沒有提到的，因此D選項正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干和選項關(guān)鍵詞定位到第六段Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.（隨著夏天的臨近，他可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)很難抗拒他的游艇——世界上最長的游艇之一“Sakura”和他瘋狂的“Sayonara”(日語“再見”)的誘惑。）可以推斷出Ellison本人是熱衷于游艇運動的，因此C選項“埃里森熱衷于游艇運動”正確。A選項“埃里森缺乏冷靜的特質(zhì)”，文章并沒有給出明確表示；B選項“埃里森不喜歡日本文化”，在第三段的最后一句話Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.（出于對日本文化最了解的原因，埃里森癡迷于日本文化。），因此B選項錯誤；D選項“埃里森的業(yè)務(wù)從一開始就進展順利”，一開始的時候他的公司幾近崩潰，是后來挺過來了才蒸蒸日上，因此D選項錯誤。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第五段的最后一句話Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.（甲骨文的軟件在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上比蓋茨的Windows系統(tǒng)更友好，這是該公司最近股價上漲的一個原因。）由此可知，D選項“它的軟件比微軟在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上更友好”正確。A選項“它的股價相當高”原文沒有提到；B選項“他比微軟有更多的員工”，文章沒有說這個是優(yōu)勢；C選項“它是最大的西方公司”，這個是文章沒有說到的。

10.單選題

Inthesummerof1978anEnglishfarmernamedIanStevenswasdrivinghistractorthroughafieldofwheatwhenhediscoveredsomethingstrange.Someofhiswheatwaslyingflatontheground.Theflattened（被壓平的）wheatformedacircleaboutsixmetersacross.Aroundthiscirclewerefoursmallercirclesofflattenedwheat.Inthefollowingyearsmoreandmoresimilarcircleswerefoundinafieldofwheatorcorn.Sopeoplecannothelpbutaskthequestion:Whatcausesthecircles?

Atfirstpeoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrick,peopletriedtocopythem:theytriedtomakecirclesexactlyliketheonesthefarmershadfound.Theycouldn’tdoit.Theycouldn’tenterafieldofgrainwithoutleavingtracks,andtheycouldn’tflattenthegrainwithoutbreakingit.Thecirclesareapparentlynotatrick.

Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarksleftbytheirspaceships.Severaltimespeoplereportedseeingstrangeflyingobjectsnearfieldswherecircleslaterappeared.

Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.Theyhavesuggestedseveraltheories.Forexample,somescientistssaythat“microburst’s”ofwindcreatedthecircles.Amicroburstisadownwardrushofcoolair—thesamedownwardrushofairthatsometimescausesanairplanetocrash.Othersscientistssaythatforceswithintheearthcausethecirclestoappear.Butcirclesoftenappearinforms.Itishardtobelievethatanynaturalforcecouldcreatethoseforms.Andrecentlyfarmershavediscoverednotonlycirclesbutalsoothershapessuchastrianglesintheirfields.Couldanynaturalforcecreatedaperfecttriangleinafieldofgrain?

Inthesummerof1990somescientistsspentthreeweeksinthepartofEnglandwheremanycircleshaveappeared.Theyhadallthelatesthigh-techequipment.Thisequipment—worth1.8milliondollars—recordednothing.Butonenight,asthescientistswerewatchingafield,circlesformedinthefieldbehindthem.Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.Thescientistshadneitherseennorheardanything.

1.Whatcausesthecircles?

2.Thethingthatprovesthatthecircleswerenotatrickisthat（）.

3.Thecirclesmean（）.

4.Theonlythingforthescientiststobehappyaboutinthesummerof1990ispossibly（）.

5.Apropertitleforthispassageis（）.

問題1選項

A.Teenagers

B.Farmers

C.Flyingobjects.

D.Noneoftheabove.

問題2選項

A.twomensaidtheymadethecirclesthemselves

B.farmersweremakingthecirclestoattracttourists

C.peoplecannotcopythecircleswithoutleavingmarksorbreakingthegrain

D.scientistssuggesttheoriesthatsupporttheideathatcirclesweremadebynaturalforces

問題3選項

A.thatbeingsfromouterspacearetryingtocommunicatewithhumanbeings

B.thatbeingsfromouterspacehavevisitedtheearth

C.thattheredoexiststrangeflyingobjects

D.noneoftheabove

問題4選項

A.thattheydiscoveredhowthecirclesweremade

B.thattheysawthecircleswiththehelpofthelatesthigh-techequipment

C.theywereabletoshowthecirclesinaphotograph

D.noneoftheabove

問題5選項

A.AnUnsolvedMystery

B.StrangeFlyingObjects

C.ThePowerofNaturalForces

D.TheDiscoveryofStrangeCircles

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干問：什么東西導致了這些圈圈？我們定位到倒數(shù)第二段的第一句話Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.（科學家表示，他們不確定是什么導致了這種情況。）從這句話我們可以得出，科學家們目前也并不知道是什么導致了這些怪圈，其他的都只是猜測，因此答案為D“以上都不對”；A選項“青少年”，B選項“農(nóng)民”，C選項“飛行物”，這些都是人們的猜測。

2.事實細節(jié)題。題干問：是什么證實了這些圈圈并不是一個惡作?。扛鶕?jù)第二段第一句話Atfirst,peoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrickpeopletriedtocopythem，（起初，人們懷疑這些圓圈是騙人的。為了證明這些圓圈是騙人的，人們試圖模仿它們）我們可以得出答案是C選項“人們不能復(fù)制圓圈而不留下痕跡或打破紋理”。A選項“兩個男人說是他們制造了這個圈”，B選項“農(nóng)民們做了這個圈去吸引游客”，D選項“科學家認為理論支持這些圈是由自然力量完成的”。

3.事實細節(jié)題。A選項“這些圓圈意味著來自外太空的生物正試圖與人類交流”，B選項“這些圓圈意味著來自外太空的生物已經(jīng)訪問過地球”，C選項“這些圓圈意味著確實存在奇怪的飛行物”，D選項“以上都不對”；題干問：這些圈圈意味著什么。根據(jù)題干我們可以定位到第二段，第二段說了Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarkleftbytheirspaceships.（許多人相信是外太空的生物制造了這些圓圈。一些人認為外太空的生物試圖與我們交流，而這些圓圈是他們的信息。其他人相信存在實際上已經(jīng)登陸地球的生物和圓圈是他們的宇宙飛船留下的印記。）但是這些都是人們的推測，目前科學家并沒有給出明確的結(jié)論，因此A、B、C都不對，答案為D。

4.判斷推理題。題干問：科學家們在1990年夏天唯一感到高興的事情可能是？C選項“他們能夠在照片上顯示圓圈”，根據(jù)題干我們定位到倒數(shù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句話：Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.（這些圓圈如照片所示。）可以得出，他們開心的事是C選項“他們能夠在照片上顯示圓圈”。A選項“他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些圓圈是如何形成的”，B選項“他們借助最新的高科技設(shè)備看到了這些圓圈”，D選項“以上都不對”。

5.文章標題題。題干讓我們給文章找一個合適的標題。A選項“一個未解之謎”，B選項“奇怪的飛行物”，C選項“自然的力量”，D“奇怪的圈圈的發(fā)現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)全文我們知道，這個怪圈的謎底我們到目前都沒有解開，因此它是一個未解之謎，D選項過于淺顯，不能總結(jié)全文的含義，因此答案為A。

11.翻譯題

現(xiàn)在西方國家的有志之士都認識到，不同文明之間應(yīng)學會共存，而不應(yīng)因文化上的不同而走向沖突以致戰(zhàn)爭。他們認為，不同民族和國家可以通過文化交往與對話取得某種“共識”，也即有一個從“不同”到某種意義上相互“認同”的過程。這種相互“認同”是在兩種不同文化中尋找交匯點，并在此基礎(chǔ)上推動雙方文化的發(fā)展，這正是“和”在不同文化中所起的作用。

【答案】AspirantsinWesterncountrieshaverealizedthatpeacefulcoexistenceamongallcivilizationsshouldbeupheld,whileconflictsorevenwarscausedbyculturaldiversitiesshouldbeavoided.Theythinkdifferentnationsandcountriescanreachanagreementbyculturalcommunicationandinteraction,whichrepresentsaprocessfrom“difference”to“agreement”.Reachinganagreementistheprocessofsearchingforthecommonpointindifferentcultureanditisthecoexistencethatpromotesthedevelopmentofdifferentculture.

12.單選題

Theintelligencedepartmentwasaccused,offailureto（）thetroopstothepossibilityofanenemyattackduringtheweekend.

問題1選項

A.instruct

B.warn

C.dictate

D.alert

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項instruct“指導，通知”；B選項warn“警告（偏向于告誡）”；C選項dictate“命令，口述”；D選項alert“使警覺，警告（更加正式）”。句意：情報部門被指控未能在周末向部隊（）敵人可能發(fā)動襲擊的情況。本句的句意是要表達“情報部門沒有及時通報讓部隊警覺”，因此D選項符合題意。

13.單選題

Tohelpstudentsunderstandhowwesee,teachersoftendrawan（）betweenaneyeandacamera.

問題1選項

A.image

B.analogy

C.imitation

D.axis

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項image“影像，想象，肖像”；B選項analogy“類比，類推，類似”；C選項imitation“模仿，仿造，仿制品”；D選項axis“軸，軸線，軸心國”。句意：為了幫助學生理解我們是如何看東西的，老師經(jīng)常把眼睛和照相機作_____。這里表達的是“作類比”，因此B選項符合題意。

14.單選題

Themilitaryoperation（）yesterdayweretargetedatthemilitaryinstallations.

問題1選項

A.propelled

B.commenced

C.plagued

D.modulated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項propelled“推動，驅(qū)使”；B選項commenced“開始”；C選項plagued“困擾，折磨”；D選項modulated“調(diào)接，調(diào)動”。句意：昨天_____的軍事行動是針對軍事設(shè)施的。這里表達的意思是“昨天開始執(zhí)行的軍事行動”，因此B選項符合題意。

15.翻譯題

Americanpsychologistsholdthatthereareseveralcomponentstohavinghigh“emotionalintelligence.”Firstisself-awareness,becauseyoucanonlybeincontrolofyourlifeandyourrelationshipsifyouknowyourself.Secondisbeingabletoproperlymanageyouremotions,soyoucancontrolyourfeelingsratherthanlettingthemcontrolyou.Thirdisbeingself-motivated,andbeingabletogetthroughtoughtimesandstartover.Thefourthisbeingreceptivetootherpeople’semotions,whichiscrucialforeffectivecommunicationandhealthyrelationships.Thefifthisbeingabletomanageyourelationships,whichincludesleadershipandprofessionalmanagementskills.

【答案】美國心理學家認為，情商包括以下幾個方面的內(nèi)容：一是認識自己的情緒，只有認識自己，才能成為自己生活的主宰。二是能妥善管理自己的情緒，即能調(diào)控自己。三是自我激勵，它能夠使人走出生命中的低潮，重新出發(fā)。四是認識他人的情緒，這是與他人正常交流順利溝通的基礎(chǔ)。五是人際關(guān)系的管理，即領(lǐng)導和管理能力。

16.單選題

Thelong-termfortunesofthemoderneconomydependinpartonthestrengthandsustainabilityofthefamily,bothinrelationtofertilitytrendsandtomarriagetrends.Thisbasic,butoftenoverlooked,principleisnowatworkinthecurrentglobaleconomiccrisis.

Thedeclineofmarriageandfertilityisonefactorintheglobaleconomiccrisis.Thatis,onereasonthatsomeofthe,world’sleadingeconomies—fromJapantoItalytoSpaintotheEurozoneasawhole—arefacingfiscalchallengesisthattheirfertilityrateshavebeenbelowreplacementlevels(2.1childrenperwoman)fordecades.Persistentsub-replacementfertilityeventuallytranslatesintofewerworkersrelativetoretirees,whichputstremendousstrainsonpublicoffersandtheeconomyasawhole.Indeed,onerecentstudyfindsthatalmosthalftherecent