高中英語選擇性必修一 2021 unit 2 泛讀·技能初養(yǎng)成

閱讀Readingforwriting中的材料，選擇最佳答案。1．Whydidmanypeopleopposedriverlesscars?A．Becausetheythinknewtechnologyisunnecessary.B．Becausetheythinkdriverlessmodeisdangerous.C．Becausetheyarethefamiliesofthedeceased.D．Becausethecompanydidn'tapologisefortheaccident.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheAmish?A．Theylivehappilyintheabsenceofnewtechnology.B．Theywouldliketoliveinlargeandpollutedcities.C．TheyareproudofowningcarsandusingtheInternet.D．Theywanttofollowthelivesoftherichandfamous.3.Whatmakesfindingopportunitiesinlifemucheasier?A．Adriverlesscarinthecity.B．Theabsenceofnewtechnology.C．Theweather-trackingprogramme.D．TheInternet.4.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thewriter'sbenefitsfromnewtechnology.B．Theimportanceoftechnologicaladvances.C．Thesocialmedianetwork.D．Thescarysideofchange.【答案】1－4BADAWordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知識要點(diǎn)1)combinevt.&vi.(使)結(jié)合；混合(教材P16)Carewillalsobetakentocombinethebuildingandsurroundingarchitecturetogethertoformaneffectivesystem.也要小心地將這些大樓和周圍的建筑結(jié)合起來，形成一個(gè)有效的系統(tǒng)。[例1]Shesuccessfullycombineshercareerwithfamilylife.她成功地兼顧事業(yè)和家庭。[例2]Letuscombineourfirmsagainstourcompetitors.讓我們把公司聯(lián)合起來，對付和我們競爭的公司。[翻譯]理論和實(shí)踐應(yīng)該結(jié)合好，這讓一個(gè)學(xué)生成為合格的學(xué)習(xí)者。Theoryandpracticeshouldbewellcombined,itmakesastudentaqualifiedlearner.[知識拓展](1)combine...with/and... 把……與……結(jié)合起來o... 把……合成……(2)combinationn. 結(jié)合；聯(lián)合；化合(物)[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Theclubissupportedbyacombination(combine)ofpeoplefromallsocialclasses.②Wecan'talwayscombineworkwith/andpleasure.③他們把兩個(gè)小店合成一個(gè)大的。Theycombinedthetwosmallshopsintoabigone．[小片段填空]Therelayisthemostexcitingraceintrackandfieldcompetition,acombinationofspeedandtechnique,andtheabilitytocombineindividualrunningwithteamprecisioninpassingthebaton.在徑賽與田賽項(xiàng)目中，接力賽是最激動人心的比賽。它是速度與技術(shù)的結(jié)合，個(gè)人速度與團(tuán)隊(duì)準(zhǔn)確傳遞接力棒之能力的結(jié)合。eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點(diǎn)2)predictvt.預(yù)測；預(yù)言；預(yù)料(教材P18)Wordssuchaspredict,prediction,andforecast,arealsousedquiteoftenwhenmakingpredictions.像predict,prediction和forecast這樣的詞在進(jìn)行預(yù)測時(shí)也經(jīng)常使用。[例1]Icannotpredictwhentomeetheragain.我無法預(yù)測什么時(shí)候會再見到她。[例2]Shepredictedthathewouldmarryadoctor.她預(yù)言他會同一位醫(yī)生結(jié)婚。[翻譯]我最喜歡歷史，因?yàn)樗兄谖诣b往知來。Ilikehistorymost,becauseithelpsmetopredictthefuturebyreviewingthepast.[知識拓展]predict＋從句 預(yù)測……predict＋n.＋todo... 預(yù)測……做……Itispredictedthat... 據(jù)預(yù)測……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Thistrendcanbepredictedtocontinue(continue)throughout2020andwellinto2030.②Itispredicted(predict)thatthenumberofpeoplewhocanbenefitfromhisresearchwillcometo1，000，000a③要準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)言這會有什么影響是不可能的。Itisnotpossibletopredictwithcertaintywhateffectthiswillhave．eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點(diǎn)3)opposevt.反對；抵制；阻撓(教材P20)Inthearticle,variouspeoplesaidthatthepublicshouldopposetheideaofdevelopingdriverlesscars.在這篇文章中，很多人說公眾應(yīng)該反對開發(fā)無人駕駛汽車。[例1]Theoldmancan'tbearanyoneinthefamilytoopposehim.這位老人決不能容忍家里有人違抗他。[例2]Wetotallyopposetheuseofgastokillanyanimal.我們完全反對使用毒氣殺害任何動物。[翻譯]政府號召工人反對浪費(fèi)。Thegovernmentcalledontheworkerstoopposewaste．[知識拓展](1)oppose(doing)sth.＝objectto(doing)sth. 反對(做)某事(2)opposedadj. 反對的；對立的beopposedto(doing)sth.＝beagainst(doing)sth. 反對(做)某事(to為介詞)asopposedto 而，相對于(表示對比)[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Weopposesettling(settle)thedisputeofSouthChinaSeabyforce.②Manyoldmenareopposedtocutting(cut)downthe100-year-oldtreeforrebuildingashoppingcenter.③Thisexercisedevelopssuppleness(柔韌性)asopposed(oppose)tostrength.④Doyouopposemyspeakingtohimaboutit？＝Areyouopposedtomyspeakingtohimaboutit?【名師點(diǎn)津】“反對(做)某事”的多種表達(dá)：beopposedto(doing)sth./oppose(doing)sth./objectto(doing)sth./beagainst(doing)sth.反對(做)某事eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點(diǎn)4)absencen．不存在；缺乏；缺席(教材P20)Ontheonehand,therearemanydifferentgroupsofpeoplearoundtheworldwholivehappilyintheabsenceofnewtechnology.一方面，世界上有許多不同的群體，他們在沒有新技術(shù)的情況下幸福地生活著。[例1]Amajorproblemistheabsenceofwater.主要的問題是缺水。[例2]Myfatherdidallthecookinginmymother'sabsence.以前媽媽不在家時(shí)都是爸爸做飯。[翻譯]關(guān)于他缺席的原因有很多傳言。Therehasbeenmuchgossipaboutthepossiblereasonsforhisabsence．[知識拓展](1)absencefrom... 缺席……；沒參加……absenceofmind 心不在焉during/inone'sabsence(＝intheabsenceofsb.) 當(dāng)某人缺席/不在的時(shí)候(2)absentadj. 缺席的，不在的beabsentfrom 缺席，不在absent-mindedadj. 心不在焉的[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①M(fèi)r.Whitehasbeenabsentfromworkfordays,soheknowsnothingaboutourplan.②Herabsenceofmindduringdrivingnearlycausedanaccident.③Pleaselookaftermyhouseduringmyabsence(absent)．④他經(jīng)常缺課都是因?yàn)樗牟　isfrequentabsencefromschoolisallbecauseofhisillness.【圖形助記】[小片段填空]Manyelderlypeoplewould,however,liketoownapetbutsadlysuitablesupportintheformofdailycare，housingorfinanceisabsent．然而，許多老年人喜歡養(yǎng)寵物，但遺憾的是，在日常護(hù)理、合適的住房或財(cái)務(wù)方面缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)闹С?。eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點(diǎn)5)advocatevt.提倡；支持；擁護(hù)n．提倡者；支持者；擁護(hù)者(教材P20)Theyadvocateasimplelifewithanemphasisonhardwork,family,andcommunity.他們提倡簡單的生活，強(qiáng)調(diào)努力工作、家庭和社區(qū)。[例1]Idon'tadvocatedoingsuchthings.我不主張干這樣的事情。[例2]Thesepolicieshavebeenwidelyadvocated.這些政策已得到廣泛的擁護(hù)。[翻譯]我不支持建立大工廠。Idonotadvocatebuildinglargefactories．[知識拓展](1)advocatedoingsth.主張/提倡做某事advocate＋賓語從句(從句謂語用should＋動詞原形，should可省略)(2)anadvocatefor/of……的支持/擁護(hù)者[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①M(fèi)anyexpertsadvocaterewarding(reward)yourchildforgoodbehaviour.②Peopleadvocatethatsomething(should)bedone(do)toprotecttheenvironment.＝Peopleadvocatedoing(do)somethingtoprotecttheenvironment.③他是一個(gè)提倡多造飛機(jī)、少造軍艦的人。Heisanadvocatefor/ofmoreplanesandfewerwarships.eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點(diǎn)6)keepintouch(with...)(與……)保持聯(lián)系；了解(某課題或領(lǐng)域的情況)(教材P20)Moreover,theInternethasmadeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeveniftheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.此外，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使朋友和家人很容易保持聯(lián)系，即使他們在世界的兩端。[例1]We'reatightgroup,sowedokeepintouch.我們關(guān)系很好，所以的確保持著聯(lián)系。[例2]Wemustkeepintouchwithwhatishappeninginforeigncountries.我們必須了解國外的動態(tài)。[翻譯]你離開后，要確保與我聯(lián)系。Besuretokeepintouchwithmewhileyouareaway.[知識拓展]getin/intotouchwith 和……取得聯(lián)系losetouchwith 和……失去聯(lián)系；對……變得生疏beintouchwith 同……有聯(lián)系；了解……的情況beoutoftouchwith 同……失去聯(lián)系；與……沒有通信[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①I'velosttouchwithallmyoldfriends.②I'mtryingtogetin/intotouchwithJane.Doyouhavehernumber?③實(shí)話告訴你，我和大部分的老朋友都失去了聯(lián)系。Tobefrankwithyou,I'vebeenoutoftouchwithmostofmyoldfriends.④保安人員與當(dāng)?shù)鼐奖３置芮新?lián)系。Thesecuritystaffwereinclosetouchwiththelocalpolice.eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點(diǎn)7)resistvi.&vt.抵制；反抗；抵擋(教材P20)Nevertheless,Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.然而，我總是會看到變化積極的一面，接受它，而不是抵制它。[例1]Iwasnotstrongenoughtoresisthisoffer.我不夠堅(jiān)定，抵抗不了他的好意。[例2]Lackofpropernourishmentreducestheirpowertoresistdisease.營養(yǎng)不良降低了他們抵抗疾病的能力。[翻譯]我忍不住把那個(gè)秘密告訴了他。Icouldn'tresisttellinghimthesecret．[知識拓展](1)resistsb./sth. 抵抗/抵制某人/某物resistdoingsth. 抵制做某事can'tresist/helpdoingsth. 情不自禁做某事(2)resistancen. 抗拒，反對(3)resistantadj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的beresistantto... 對……有抵抗力[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Astheysuppose,therehasbeenalotofresistance(resist)tothisplan.②Somegovernmentofficialsweren'tresistanttothetemptationofmoney,andwerepunishedbylawintheend.③她到那里時(shí)，禁不住想走進(jìn)去。Whenshegottotheplace,shecouldnotresistgoingin．④如果我們抵觸那些被列為不開心的事情，這會導(dǎo)致更多的抗拒，也就會導(dǎo)致更多的不開心。Whenweresistthefeelingsthatwecategorizeasunpleasant,itsimplycausesmoreresistance,leadingtogreaterunhappiness.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(教材P20)ProbablythemostwellknownaretheAmish,agroupofChristianslivinginruralAmerica.最著名的可能是阿米什人，一群生活在美國農(nóng)村的基督徒。句式分析：現(xiàn)在分詞短語livinginruralAmerica作名詞Christians的后置定語。[例1]Barkingdogsseldombite.愛叫的狗很少咬人。[例2]Thebottlecontainingthepoisonwassenttothelaboratory.盛毒品的瓶子被送到實(shí)驗(yàn)室。[翻譯]正在隔壁唱歌的那個(gè)女孩是我的同學(xué)。Thegirlsinginginthenextroomismyclassmate.[知識拓展](1)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作定語與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示該動作的主動和進(jìn)行。(2)單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，放在所修飾詞的前面，而現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語則放在所修飾詞的后面。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①M(fèi)akelessnoise.There'sasleeping(sleep)child.②Thereisanoteonthedoorsaying(say)“OnHoliday”．③你認(rèn)識那個(gè)正與你父親交談的人嗎？Doyouknowthemantalkingtoyourfather?④等著見到那位著名演員的女孩是我的同學(xué)。Thegirlwaitingtoseethefamousactorismyclassmate.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)makeit...(forsb.)todo...(教材P20)Moreover,theInternethasmadeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeveniftheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.此外，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使朋友和家人很容易保持聯(lián)系，即使他們在世界的兩端。句式分析：句中madeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintouch為“makeit...(forsb.)todo...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使(某人)做(某事)成為……”，形容詞possible是賓語補(bǔ)足語。[例1]Hemadeithisobjectiveinlifetofindtheisland.他把找到那座島嶼當(dāng)成自己的人生目標(biāo)。[例2]Risingcostsmadeithardtocarryonthebusiness.上漲的成本使得生意難做。[翻譯]她是外國人的事實(shí)使得她在那個(gè)國家很難找到工作。Thefactthatshewasforeignmadeitdifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.[知識拓展]在makeit...(forsb.)todo...結(jié)構(gòu)中，it是形式賓語，todo...是真正的賓語。常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞還有find,feel,think,consider等。[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子①他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好一門外語是不容易的。Hefounditnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.②他無論在哪里，都把每天跑步一小時(shí)當(dāng)作規(guī)定去執(zhí)行。Whereverheis,hemakesitaruletodorunningforanhoureveryday.③她認(rèn)為好好照顧她生病的母親是她的責(zé)任。Shefeelsitherdutytotakegoodcareofhersickmother．eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式3)as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句(教材P20)Ithasalsomadefindingopportunitiesinlifemucheasier,asitallowspeopletomakelargernetworksoffriendsthroughusingsocialmedia.它還讓人們在生活中尋找機(jī)會更容易，因?yàn)樗屓藗兺ㄟ^使用社交媒體結(jié)交更多的朋友。句式分析：as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般來說，as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句表示雙方都知道的原因。[例1]Asyouweren'tthereIleftamessage.因?yàn)槟悴辉谀抢?我留了個(gè)信兒。[例2]Wedecidedtocementourgardenaswedonotlikeflowers.我們決定把花園鋪上水泥，因?yàn)槲覀儾幌矚g花。[翻譯]每個(gè)人都喜歡他，因?yàn)樗\實(shí)。Everyonelikeshim,asheishonest．[知識拓展](1)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)；一邊……一邊……；隨著”。(2)引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，意為“正如；就像”。(3)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管；雖然”，從句應(yīng)倒裝。(4)引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句，表示“像……一樣地”。[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子①因?yàn)橛窒缕鹩陙砹耍覀冎缓么诩依锪?。Asit'srainingagain,we'llhavetostayathome.②他匆匆忙忙回家去，一邊走一邊回頭望。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent．③告訴你怎么做你就怎么做，否則你會被解雇的。Doasyouaretoldto,oryou'llbefired.④她雖然聰明，但不是很有洞察力。Intelligentas/thoughshewas,shehadnotmuchinsight.間接信息題間接信息題一般無法在文中直接找到明確的信息，要求在理解的基礎(chǔ)上，對原文信息進(jìn)行加工或整理(“斷章取義”)后得出結(jié)論?！纠摹縏hemainreasonforthisisthedrivers,whoarecalled“cabbies”．ManyofthemaretrueCockneys.ThismeanstheywerebornintheheartofLondonandspeaktheirownspecialdialect(方言)ofEnglish.Allofthemknoweverystreetandfamousbuildinginthecity,andallofthemlovetotalk.Asimpletwenty-minuteJourneyacrosstowncanbecomeveryinteresting.Youmayhaveadiscussionaboutthegovernmentanditsleadersorafriendlytalkaboutthedriver'sAuntyNellie!Onethingisforsure,itwillneverbeboring.Cabbiesknowallthelatestnewsaboutfilmstars,theRoyalFamily,governmentleaders,andpopularsingersoractorsandactresses.FromwhatcanwetellthatsomeoneisaCockney?A．Theirinterest. B．Theirmanners.C．Theirspeech. D．Theirappearance.★試題特點(diǎn)間接理解題答案選項(xiàng)的表述通常不是使用文章的原話，而是使用與文中同義或近義的詞語來表達(dá)。學(xué)生需對原文信息進(jìn)行加工處理，然后再進(jìn)一步推理鑒別，也可運(yùn)用排除法，將“無此細(xì)節(jié)”和“與此細(xì)節(jié)相反”的選項(xiàng)提前排除?！锝忸}思路Step1：確定題干中的關(guān)鍵詞(題干黑體字)Step2：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位信息句(□中句)Step3：嘗試解答——根據(jù)信息句可知，真正的Cockneys出生在倫敦，說倫敦特殊的方言，對倫敦地理熟悉且喜歡交談。所以通過一個(gè)人的說話就能判斷是不是Cockney。故選C。針對性練習(xí)Otherculturescanbedifferentfromoursinmanyaspects!Theycaneatdifferentfoodsandliveindifferenttypesofhouses.Peopleprobablyspeakdifferentlanguagesandhavebeliefsandcustomsverydifferentfromyours.However,theycanalsobesimilarinwaysofconnectingwitheachother.Wesometimescallthesemeansofcommunicationuniversallanguages.Somelegendsholdthat,thousandsofyearsago,therewasasinglelanguagespokenbyeveryoneonEarth.Itisfuntothinkaboutatimewheneveryonemayhavebeenabletocommunicateinthesamelanguagethoughhistoricalevidencedoesnotsupportthis,ofcourse.Today,therearethousandsoflanguagesspokenaroundtheworld.Yet,therearesomemeansofcommunicationthatgobeyondwordsandallowpeopleofwildlydifferentbackgroundstocommunicateandshareemotionsandfeelings.Forexample,somepeoplebelievemusicisauniversallanguage.Theremaybesomescientificsupportforthisidea,too.Expertshavelearnedthat,acrosscultures,peoplecanrecognizethreecommonemotionsinmusic：happiness,sadnessandfear.Sowhatothertypesofuniversallanguagesmighttherebe?Somepeoplebelievedanceisauniversallanguage.Alongwithmusic,dancingseemstobeacommoninteres