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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Here’sascenarioyoumightrecognizeifyou’reawomandatingasocialmediabutterfly:You’resittingonthecouchtogethersilentlywatchingTV.WhenyoutakeamomenttopeekatyourTwitterfeed,youseeyoursignificantotherhasbeensharingastreamofpersonalthoughtsaboutHouseofCardswiththeTwitterverse—eventhoughhehasn’tutteredawordtoyou.

It’snosurprisethatmantendtobemoretight-lippedthanwomenabouttheirthoughtsandfeelings,butsocialmediaiscreatingahavenforsomementoexpressthemselvesonlineinwaystheydon’tinperson—andneverwouldhavebefore.Fromarelationshipperspective,thatcanbeagoodandbadthing.Womencannowturntosocialmediatogetmoreinsightintowhattheirpartnersthink,butwhere’stheintimacyinthatwhenthosefeelingsarealsobeingbroadcasttohundredsofFacebookfriendsandthousandsofTwitterfollowers.

RecentdatafromPewResearchCentersuggeststhatsocialmediaismakingitswayintorelationshipmorethanever,with74%ofcouplessurveyedsayingtheInternethasimpactedtheirrelationshipinagoodway.Womenaremorelikelythanmentousesocialmedia,with71%ofwomenparticipatingcomparedwith62%ofmen,accordingtothelatestreportfromWomen’sMediaCenter.However,whatpsychologistsandresearchersfindespeciallyinterestingisthat,whilewomenareequallywillingtosharethethoughtstheyspewoutintothedigitaletherwithsomeonefacetoface,menaremuchlesslikelytodothesame.

EvaBuechel,aPhDcandidateattheUniversityofMiamiwhohasstudiedwhypeoplesharecontentonline,hasfoundthatmenandwomenwhoexperiencesocialanxiety,andthereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupport,areequallylikelytomaintainablogorsocialmediaaccount.However,“whilesociallyapprehensivefemalesshareequallyacross”.

OtherresearchfromNorthwesternUniversityshowsthatmenareincreasinglymorelikelytosharetheircreativework,likewriting,music,orart,online.Nearlytwo-thirdsofmenina2008studysaidtheyposttheirworkonline,comparedwithonlyhalfofthewomenwhoreportedposting.

56.Fromthewordsused,itcanbeknownthatthetoneofthefirstparagraph______.

57.Whydoesamanprefertoexpressonlineratherthaninpersonaccordingtothepassage?

58.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutwomenisNOTtrue?

59.Accordingtothepassage,menandwomenremaintheirsocialmediaaccountforthefollowingreasonexcept______.

60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphaboutmen’susingsocialmedia?

問題1選項

A.critical

B.ironic

C.ridicule

D.enthusiastic

問題2選項

A.Socialmediaisthoughttobemorepowerful.

B.Socialmediaisbelievedtobesafeandpeaceful.

C.Helikeshisopiniontobeexposedtomoreaudience.

D.Heisusuallyshyinfrontofanindividualwhiletalking.

問題3選項

A.Theygotnegativelyimpactedbysocialmedia.

B.Theyusesocialmediamoreoftenthanmendo.

C.Theyknowtheirspousesmuchbetterfromsocialmedia.

D.Theyarewillingtousebothsocialmediaandfacetofacetalk.

問題4選項

A.makingcomplaints

B.gettingsupports

C.makingfriends

D.experiencingsocialanxiety

問題5選項

A.Menseldomsharetheiremotionallifeonit.

B.Mentrytogetsupporttohisworkonline.

C.Menarecreativeinwriting,artandthinking.

D.Mentendtomaketheircreativeworkknown.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】56.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“從用詞可以判斷第一段的語氣是如何的?”。第一段指出Here’sascenarioyoumightrecognizeifyou’reawomandatingasocialmediabutterfly:You’resittingonthecouchtogethersilentlywatchingTV.WhenyoutakeamomenttopeekatyourTwitterfeed,youseeyoursignificantotherhasbeensharingastreamofpersonalthoughtsaboutHouseofCardswiththeTwitterverse—eventhoughhehasn’tutteredawordtoyou.(如果你是一個喜歡社交媒體的女人,你可能會想到這樣一個場景:你們一起坐在沙發(fā)上默默地看電視。當(dāng)你花點時間瀏覽你的推特時,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的另一半一直在推特上分享關(guān)于《紙牌屋》的一系列個人想法——盡管他還沒有對你說過一個字);文中用了一個貶義詞“butterfly(追求享樂的人)”,可以推斷這段語氣是嘲諷,所以C項“譏諷、嘲笑”符合。A項“批判的”不符合題意;B項“諷刺的、反話的”,是指用反話諷刺,文中沒有用反話所以不符合題意;D項“熱情的”錯誤。因此C選項正確。

57.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“為什么男士更喜歡在網(wǎng)上表達而不是當(dāng)面表達?”。第二段提到It’snosurprisethatmantendtobemoretight-lippedthanwomenabouttheirthoughtsandfeelings,butsocialmediaiscreatingahavenforsomementoexpressthemselvesonlineinwaystheydon’tinperson—andneverwouldhavebefore.(男性對自己的想法和感受往往比女性守口如瓶,這并不奇怪,但社交媒體為一些男性創(chuàng)造了一個避風(fēng)港,他們可以用自己在現(xiàn)實生活中從未有過的方式在網(wǎng)上表達自己),可以推斷,男性認為社交媒體是安全的。A項“男性認為社交媒體是有力量的”沒有提到;C項“男性喜歡把想法講給觀眾聽”,文中只是說社交媒體為男性提供了避風(fēng)港;D項“在一個人面前說話會害羞”,這里只是說了男性與女性相比,男性不愛表達。因此B選項正確。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章,下列哪一項關(guān)于女性的說法是不正確的?”。第三段第三行提到Womenaremorelikelythanmentousesocialmedia(女性比男性更有可能使用社交媒體),證明B項“她們使用社交媒體比男性更頻繁”正確;第二段最后一句Womencannowturntosocialmediatogetmoreinsightintowhattheirpartnersthink(現(xiàn)在,女性可以通過社交媒體來更深入地了解伴侶的想法)可知,C項“通過社交媒體,她們會更加了解自己的伴侶”正確;第三段倒數(shù)第二行womenareequallywillingtosharethethoughtstheyspewoutintothedigitaletherwithsomeonefacetoface(女性也同樣愿意與某人面對面地分享她們在數(shù)字世界中迸發(fā)的想法)可知,D項“她們既樂意在社交媒體也愿意面對面交流”正確;而A項“她們受到社交媒體的負面影響”文章沒有提及,只在第四段第二行提到thereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupports(因此,男性和女性更需要表達自己的負面情緒并尋求支持)。因此,該題選A。

59.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“男性和女性保持使用社交媒體的理由是以下除了……選項?”。從第四段EvaBuechel,aPhDcandidateattheUniversityofMiamiwhohasstudiedwhypeoplesharecontentonline,hasfoundthatmenandwomenwhoexperiencesocialanxiety,andthereforehaveagreaterneedtoexpresstheirnegativeemotionsandseeksupport,areequallylikelytomaintainablogorsocialmediaaccount.(邁阿密大學(xué)博士生EvaBuechel研究為什么人們在線分享內(nèi)容,他發(fā)現(xiàn)男性和女性經(jīng)歷社會焦慮,也因此更需要表達自己的負面情緒,尋求支持,同樣有可能保持一個博客或社交媒體賬戶)可以看出,A項“抱怨”、B項“得到支持”、D項“經(jīng)歷社會焦慮”均提到,唯獨C項“交朋友”沒有提及。所以該題選C。

60.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“關(guān)于男性使用社交媒體,從最后一段可以推斷出……?”。最后一段講到menareincreasinglymorelikelytosharetheircreativework,likewriting,music,orart,online.Nearlytwo-thirdsofmenina2008studysaidtheyposttheirworkonline,comparedwithonlyhalfofthewomenwhoreportedposting.(男性越來越愿意在網(wǎng)上分享他們的創(chuàng)造性工作,如寫作、音樂或藝術(shù);在2008年的一項研究中,近三分之二的男性表示他們會在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布自己的工作,相比之下,只有一半的女性會在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布工作);可以推斷男性更愿意分享自己的工作,A項“男性從來不分享他們的感情生活”沒有提到;B項“男性希望在網(wǎng)上得到工作上的支持”也沒有提到;C項“男性在寫作、藝術(shù)和思考方面更有創(chuàng)造性”文中并沒有說到,只是說他們愿意分享。因此D選項正確。

2.單選題

______wehaveallthematerialsready,weshouldbeginthenewtaskatonce.

問題1選項

A.Grantedthat

B.Ifonly

C.Bynow

D.Nowthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項grantedthat“即使,假定”,表示條件;B項ifonly“要是……多好”,表示虛擬語氣;C項bynow“到目前為止”,作時間狀語;D項nowthat“既然,由于”表原因。句子表示原因;因此D項符合。句意:既然我們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了所有的材料,我們應(yīng)該立即開始這項新任務(wù)。故正確答案為D。

3.單選題

Itisimportantthattheyknow______togetfromtheapplicants.

問題1選項

A.theinformationneeded

B.whatisneeded

C.whatinformationtheyneed

D.theinformation

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語和賓語從句。這里把whatinformation提前來引導(dǎo)從句擔(dān)當(dāng)主句的賓語,賓語從句的正常語序是theyneedtogetwhatinformationfromtheapplicants;這句話的句意是:他們知道什么信息是他們需要從申請人那里得到的,這很重要。A、B、D選項均不符合語法,因此選C。

4.單選題

Theprosecutionforatrademarkshallbeconductedbysometrademarkattorneys.

問題1選項

A.accuse

B.charging

C.application

D.design

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。prosecution在句中是“起訴”,A選項accuse“起訴,控告”;B選項charging是charge的動名詞,表“控告”;C選項application“應(yīng)用,申請”;D選項design“設(shè)計”。句意:商標(biāo)起訴將由商標(biāo)代理律師處理。根據(jù)句意B項正確。

5.單選題

Anarrowhasasharp,pointedheadwithwhichitperforatesitstarget.

問題1選項

A.facestoward

B.follows

C.pierces

D.fliestoward

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。perforate表示“穿過,穿孔”。A項facetoward“正對著”,B項follow“跟隨”,C項pierce“刺穿,穿破”,D項flytoward“飛向”;句意:箭頭前端很尖銳,可以用它來刺穿目標(biāo)物。根據(jù)句意該題選C。

6.單選題

Therewasnotrafficvisible,butTangoholduphisrightarmmajestically,asthoughhe______acrowdofroaringtrucks.

問題1選項

A.ishalting

B.hadhalted

C.wouldbehalting

D.werehalting

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。asthough在這里引導(dǎo)了后面的虛擬語氣,表示“仿佛”;此處是對過去的虛擬,因此從句用過去時態(tài),又因為語境需要,表示動作正在進行,A、B、C選項時態(tài)均不對,只有D項符合。句意:路上看不到車輛,但探戈莊嚴(yán)地舉起右臂,好像他在阻止一群呼嘯的卡車。故正確答案為D。

7.單選題

Theextentofanation’spoweroveritscoastalecosystemsandthenaturalresourcesinitscoastalwatershasbeendefinedbytwointernationallawdoctrines:freedomoftheseasandadjacentstatesovereignty.Untilthemid-twentiethcentury,mostnationsfavoredapplicationofbroadopen-seasfreedomsandlimitedsovereignrightsovercoastalwaters.Anationhadtherighttoincludewithinitsterritorialdominiononlyaverynarrowbandofcoastalwaters(generallyextendingthreemilesfromtheshoreline),withinwhichithadtheauthority,butnottheresponsibility,toregulateallactivities.But,becausethisareaofterritorialdominionwassolimited,mostnationsdidnotestablishrulesformanagementorprotectionoftheirterritorialwaters.

Regardlessofwhetherornotnationsenforcedregulationsintheirterritorialwaters,largeoceanareasremainedfreeofcontrolsorrestrictions.Thecitizensofallnationshadtherighttousetheseunrestrictedoceanareasforanyinnocentpurpose,includingnavigationandfishing.Exceptforcontrolsoveritsowncitizens,nonationhadtheresponsibility,letalonetheunilateralauthority,tocontrolsuchactivitiesininternationalwaters.And,sincetherewerefewstandardsofconductthatappliedonthe“openseas”,therewerefewjurisdictionalconflictsbetweennations.

Thelackofstandardsistraceabletopopularperceptionsheldbeforethemiddleofthiscentury.Byandlarge,marinepollutionwasnotperceivedasasignificantproblem,inpartbecausetheadverseeffectofcoastalactivitiesonoceanecosystemswasnotwidelyrecognized,andpollutioncausedbyhumanactivitieswasgenerallybelievedtobelimitedtothatcausedbynavigation.Moreover,thefreedomtofish,oroverfish,wasanessentialelementofthetraditionallegaldoctrineoffreedomoftheseasthatnomaritimecountrywishedtoseelimited.Andfinally,thetechnologythatlaterallowedexploitationofotheroceanresources,suchas,oil,didnotyetexist.

Todate,controllingpollutionandregulatingoceanresourceshavestillnotbeencomprehensivelyaddressedbylaw,butinternationallaw-establishedthroughthecustomsandpracticesofnations-doesnotprecludesuchefforts.Andtworecentdevelopmentsmayactuallyleadtofutureinternationalrulesprovidingforecosystemmanagement.First,theestablishmentofextensivefisheryzones,extendingterritorialauthorityasfaras200milesoutfromacountry’scoast,hasprovidedtheopportunityfornationsindividuallytomanagelargerecosystems.Thisopportunity,combinedwithnationalself-interestinmaintainingfishpopulations,couldleadnationstoreevaluatepoliciesformanagementoftheirfisheriesandtoaddresstheproblemofpollutioninterritorialwaters.Second,theinternationalcommunityisbeginningtounderstandtheimportanceofpreservingtheresourcesandecologyofinternationalwatersandtoshowsignsofacceptingresponsibilityfordoingso.Asaninternationalconsensusregardingtheneedforcomprehensivemanagementofoceanresourcesdevelops,itwillbecomemorelikelythatinternationalstandardsandpoliciesforbroaderregulationofhumanactivitiesthataffectoceanecosystemswillbeadoptedandimplemented.

61.Accordingtothepassage,untilthemid-twentiethcenturytherewerefewjurisdictionaldisputesoverinternationalwatersbecause______.

62.Accordingtheinternationallawdoctrinesapplicablebeforethemid-twentiethcentury,ifcommercialactivitywithinaparticularnation’sterritorialwatersthreatenedallmarinelifeinthosewaters,thenationwouldhavebeen______.

63.Theauthorsuggeststhatbeforethemid-twentiethcentury,mostnations’actionswithrespecttoterritorialandinternationalwatersindicatedthat______.

64.Theauthorciteswhichoneofthefollowingasaneffectoftheextensionofterritorialwatersbeyondthethreemileslimit?

65.Thepassageasawholecanbestbedescribedas______.

問題1選項

A.fewcontrolsorrestrictionsappliedtooceanareas

B.theoceanareaswereusedforonlyinnocentpurposes

C.thefreedomoftheseasdoctrinesettledallclaimsconcerningnavigationandfishing

D.broadauthorityoverinternationalwaterswassharedequallyamongallnations

問題2選項

A.formallycensuredbyaninternationalorganizationfornotproperlyregulatingmarineactivities

B.calleduponbyothernationstoestablishrulestoprotectitsterritorialwaters

C.ablebutnotrequiredtoplacelegallimitsonsuchcommercialactivities

D.allowedtoresolvetheproblematitsowndiscretionprovidingitcouldcontainthethreattoitsownterritorialwaters

問題3選項

A.managingecosystemsineitherterritorialorinternationalwaterswasgiverlowpriority

B.unlimitedresourcesininternationalwatersresultedinlittleinterestinterritorialwaters

C.nationsconsideredittheirresponsibilitytoprotectterritorialbutnotinternationalwaters

D.althoughnationscouldextendtheirterritorialdominionbeyondthreemilesfromtheirshoreline,mostchosenottodoso

問題4選項

A.Increasedpoliticalpressureonindividualnationstoestablishcomprehensivelawsregulatingoceanresources.

B.Agreaternumberofjurisdictionaldisputesamongnationsovertheregulationoffishingontheopenseas.

C.Theopportunityforsomenationstomanagelargeoceanecosystems.

D.Apoliticalincentiveforsmallernationstosolvetheproblemsofpollutionintheircoastalwaters.

問題5選項

A.achronologyoftheeventsthathaveleduptoapresent-daycrisis

B.alegalinquiryintotheabuseofexistinglawsandthelikelihoodofreform

C.apoliticalanalysisoftheproblemsinherentindirectingnationalattentiontoaninternationalissue

D.ahistoricalanalysisofaproblemthatrequiresinternationalattention

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】61.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)這篇文章,直到20世紀(jì)中葉,國際水域的管轄權(quán)爭議很少,因為……”。由第二段第四句And,sincetherewerefewstandardsofconductthatappliedonthe“openseas”,therewerefewjurisdictionalconflictsbetweennations.(因為在幾乎沒有任何行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)被用到‘公?!?,所以國家間幾乎沒有管轄權(quán)的沖突)可知,國際水域的管轄權(quán)爭議很少,是因為幾乎沒有任何行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)被用到‘公海’上,這里的“openseas”就相當(dāng)于題干中的“internationalwaters”,因此A項“幾乎沒有控制或限制使用到海洋領(lǐng)域”正確。B項“海洋領(lǐng)域僅用于沒有惡意的行為”沒有提到;C項“海洋自由化的條例解決了所有有關(guān)航海及捕魚的紛爭”文中沒有提到,且C項太絕對;D項“各國平等地享有公海使用權(quán)”,這不是管轄權(quán)爭議少的原因。故該題選A。

62.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)20世紀(jì)中葉以前適用的國際法理論,如果某一國家領(lǐng)水內(nèi)的商業(yè)活動威脅到該水域內(nèi)的所有海洋生物,那么該國應(yīng)……”。根據(jù)第一段第三句withinwhichithadtheauthority,butnottheresponsibility,toregulateallactivities(在這一范圍內(nèi)它有權(quán)但沒有責(zé)任管理所有活動)和第二段第三句Exceptforcontrolsoveritsowncitizens,nonationhadtheresponsibility,letalonetheunilateralauthority,tocontrolsuchactivitiesininternationalwaters.(除了對其本國公民的控制外,沒有任何國家有責(zé)任控制國際水域內(nèi)的這種活動,更不用說單方面的權(quán)力了)可推斷,如果某一國家領(lǐng)水內(nèi)的商業(yè)活動威脅到該水域內(nèi)的所有海洋生物,該國可以根據(jù)自身情況自行解決,因此可知D項“被允許自行決定解決這個問題,只要它能夠遏制對自己領(lǐng)海的威脅”符合題意。A項“因未能適當(dāng)管理海洋活動而受到國際組織的正式譴責(zé)”和B項“被其他國家呼吁建立保護其領(lǐng)海的規(guī)則”在文中沒有提到;C項“能夠但無須對此類商業(yè)活動做出法律限制”,根據(jù)第一段最后一句提到becausethisareaofterritorialdominionwassolimited,mostnationsdidnotestablishrulesformanagementorprotectionoftheirterritorialwaters.(由于這一領(lǐng)土范圍非常有限,大多數(shù)國家沒有建立管理或保護其領(lǐng)海的規(guī)則)可推斷,大多數(shù)國家對領(lǐng)海保護方面沒有建立相應(yīng)的法律規(guī)定,因此C項不對。故該題選D。

63.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者認為,在二十世紀(jì)中葉以前,大多數(shù)國家在領(lǐng)海和國際水域方面的行動表明了……”。由第三段第二句Byandlarge,marinepollutionwasnotperceivedasasignificantproblem,inpartbecausetheadverseeffectofcoastalactivitiesonoceanecosystemswasnotwidelyrecognized,andpollutioncausedbyhumanactivitieswasgenerallybelievedtobelimitedtothatcausedbynavigation.(總的來說,海洋污染不被認為是一個重大問題,部分原因是沿?;顒訉Q笊鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)的不利影響沒有得到廣泛認識,而人類活動造成的污染一般被認為僅限于航海造成的污染)可推斷,大多數(shù)國家對領(lǐng)海和國際水域的生態(tài)管理不重視,因此A項“無論是領(lǐng)海還是國際水域的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理都沒有得到足夠的重視”符合題意。B項“國際水域的無限資源導(dǎo)致對領(lǐng)海的興趣不大”和D項“雖然這些國家可以把領(lǐng)土延伸到海岸線三英里以外,但大多數(shù)國家選擇不這么做”文中沒有提到;C項“各國認為他們有責(zé)任保護領(lǐng)海,而不是國際水域”,文章只在第一段提到各國有權(quán)但沒責(zé)任管理領(lǐng)海的活動,所以各國沒有責(zé)任保護領(lǐng)海,C項不正確,故該題選A。

64.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“作者引用下列哪一項作為領(lǐng)海延伸超過三英里界限的影響?”。由第四段第三句中extendingterritorialauthorityasfaras200milesoutfromacountry’scoast,hasprovidedtheopportunityfornationsindividuallytomanagelargerecosystems(將領(lǐng)土權(quán)力擴展到一個國家海岸外200英里的地方,為各國單獨管理更大的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)提供了機會)可知,C項“這是一些國家管理大型海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的機會”正確。A項“對個別國家施加更大的政治壓力,要求它們制定管理海洋資源的全面法律”,B項“各國之間在公海漁業(yè)管理方面有更多的管轄權(quán)爭端”和D項“這是小國家解決沿海污染問題的政治動機”在文中都未提及,故該題選C。

65.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“總的來說這篇文章作為……來描述最好”。A項“導(dǎo)致當(dāng)今危機的一系列事件的年表”,B項“對現(xiàn)行法律濫用和改革可能性的法律調(diào)查”,C項“對國家關(guān)注國際問題所固有問題的政治分析”,D項“對一個需要國際關(guān)注的問題的歷史分析”。文章的主要內(nèi)容是對海洋污染和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭到破壞的歷史原因和現(xiàn)狀的分析,指出國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和政策才能更廣泛地管制影響海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的人類活動,因此根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,該題D項符合題意。

8.單選題

Thelifespanofasunfishisshort,______tenyears.

問題1選項

A.moreseldomthan

B.morethanseldom

C.seldommorethan

D.seldomthanmore

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配??疾榈氖恰安怀^,不多于”的表達,一般我們用more/lessthan表示多于/少于,要表示不超過,不少于的時候,就在前面直接加seldom表示否定,不能夠改變這個順序,故只能選擇C項。句意:翻車魚的壽命很短,很少超過十年。因此,該題正確答案為C。

9.單選題

Whenpeoplespeakofsolarenergy,theythinkonlyofthesun’sraysheatingahomeor______electricityfromthesun.

問題1選項

A.derive

B.ofderiving

C.deriving

D.toderive

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。Thinkof后面應(yīng)該接名詞或者動名詞,故排除A、B、D項,只有C項正確。句意:當(dāng)人們談到太陽能時,他們想到的只是用太陽的光線來加熱房屋或從太陽中獲得電力。因此該題選C。

10.單選題

Thewrapperitself______theshopper,whousuallythrowsitawayimmediately.

問題1選項

A.isnotaninterestto

B.isofnointerestto

C.isnotinterestedto

D.isuninterestingto

【答案】B

【解析】考查interest的意義和用法,固定搭配beof(no)interesttosb.“(不)會引起……的興趣”;區(qū)別interested“感興趣”,interesting“有趣的”,interest“興趣,愛好”。A項語義不符,C項表示“包裝紙對顧客不感興趣”不符合句子邏輯,D項也不符合邏輯;本句句意是:對于顧客來說,包裝紙本身不會引起其興趣,通常,他們立即就將其扔掉了。根據(jù)語義,B項最符合。

11.單選題

Televisionadvertisinghasbeenunderconstantscrutinyforthelastfewyears.

問題1選項

A.counterattack

B.pressure

C.revision

D.examination

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。scrutiny表示“詳細審查”;A項counterattack“反擊,反攻”,B項pressure“壓力”,C項revision“修訂,修正”,D項examination“檢查,查問”。句意:在過去數(shù)年里,電視廣告一直不斷受到詳細審查。因此D項正確。

12.單選題

Thericeandcottonfieldsarebesetwithswarmsofpestslikericehopperandpinkbollworm.

問題1選項

A.invested

B.infested

C.infected

D.injected

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。Beset表示“困擾,圍繞”;A項invest“投資,覆蓋”,B項infest“大批滋生”,C項infect“感染”,D項inject“注入,注射”。句意:稻田和棉田被成群的害蟲所包圍,如稻虱和粉虱。因此B項正確。

13.單選題

ThevenerablemediaformathasbecomeoneofthemostubiquitouswaystopackagecontentontheWeb.

問題1選項

A.unique

B.omnipresent

C.effective

D.predictive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ubiquitous在句中是“普遍存在的,無處不在的”,A選項unique“獨特的”;B選項omnipresent“無處不在的”;C選項effective“有效的”;D選項predictive“預(yù)言性的”。句意:莊嚴(yán)的媒體格式已經(jīng)成為網(wǎng)上承載內(nèi)容最普遍的方式。根據(jù)句意B項正確。

14.單選題

Sheaskedhimwhathethoughtofher______dress.

問題1選項

A.greenprettylittle

B.littlegreenpretty

C.prettylittlegreen

D.prettygreenlittle

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的順序問題。出現(xiàn)多個形容詞修飾一個名詞,順序是:限定描繪大長高,形狀年齡和新老;顏色國籍跟材料,作用類別往后靠。按此規(guī)律,pretty屬于限定詞,little是描述大小,green描述顏色,故C項正確。句意:她問他這件漂亮的綠色小連衣裙怎么樣。故正確答案為C。

15.單選題

Theladywasinanguishuntilsheknewthatherhusband’slifewassavedfinally.

問題1選項

A.distress

B.despair

C.question

D.dilemma

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。anguish表示“痛苦,苦惱”;A項distress“不幸,悲痛”,B項despair“絕望,喪失信心”,C項question“詢問,懷疑”,D項dilemma“進退兩難”。句意:那位女士非常痛苦,直到她知道她丈夫的生命終于得救。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

16.單選題

______fashionedfromawickfloatinginabowlofoilfunctionedaccordingtotheprincipleofcapillaryaction.

問題1選項

A.Alllampsearly

B.Lampsallearly

C.Allearlylamps

D.Earlyalllamps

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞前的形容詞順序問題。很多個形容詞修飾名詞,其先后順序為數(shù)量、大小、新舊、顏色、產(chǎn)地、材料、名詞性形容詞;指示性形容詞all,many,some及any均應(yīng)放在一般修飾性形容詞前面;句意:所有早期的燈都是由一根浮在油碗里的燈芯制成的,燈芯的作用原理是毛細管作用。因此只有C項語序正確。

17.單選題

Bythemiddleofthetwentiethcentury,paintersandsculptorsintheUnitedStateshadbeguntoexert______overart.

問題1選項

A.agreatworldwideinfluence

B.influenceworldwideagreat

C.influenceagreatworldwide

D.aworldwideinfluencegreat

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞前的形容詞順序問題。很多個形容詞修飾名詞,其先后順序為數(shù)量、大小、新舊、顏色、產(chǎn)地、材料、名詞性形容詞;句意:到了二十世紀(jì)中葉,在美國的畫家和雕塑家開始在世界范圍內(nèi)對藝術(shù)產(chǎn)生重大影響。因此A項正確。

18.翻譯題

Anindividualhumanexistenceshouldbelikeariver—smallatfirst,narrowlycontainedwithinitsbanks,andrushingpassionatelypastrocksandoverwaterfalls.Graduallytherivergrowswider,thebanksrecede,thewatersflowmorequietly,andintheend,withoutanyvisiblebreak,theybecomemergedinthesea,andpainlesslylosetheirindividualbeing.Theman,who,inoldage,canseehislifeinthisway,willnotsufferfromthefearofdeath,sincethethingshecaresforwillcontinue.Andif,withthedecayofvitality,wearinessincreases,thethoughtofrestwillnotbeunwelcome.Ishouldwishtodiewhilestillatwork,knowingthatotherswillcarryonwhatIcannolongerdoandcontentinthethoughtthatwhatwaspossiblehasbeendone.

【答案】參考譯文:

一個人的存在應(yīng)該像一條河流——開始是涓涓細流,被限制在狹窄的河岸之間,然后熱情奔放地沖過巖石,越過瀑布。漸漸地,河面變寬了,河岸也遠去,河水流動得更加平靜。最后,它沒有間斷地融入了大海,而后便毫無痛苦地消失了自我。能夠這樣理解自己一生的老人,就不會因害怕死亡而痛苦,因為他所珍愛的一切都會繼續(xù)存在下去。而且,隨著精力的衰退,倦意的增加,長眠的想法并不是不受歡迎的。我希望死于尚能勞作之時,知道別人會繼續(xù)我未竟的事業(yè),一想到能做的事都做了,就感到滿足。

19.單選題

Theguiltyverdictwaswidelyexpected,althoughharsherthanmanyhadpredicted.

問題1選項

A.jury

B.crime

C.convict

D.judgment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。verdict表示“結(jié)論,裁定”。A項jury“陪審團”,B項crime“罪行”,C項convict“罪犯”,D項judgment“意見,判斷力”;句意:有罪判決是普遍預(yù)期的,盡管比許多人預(yù)期的要嚴(yán)厲。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

20.單選題

Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.Later,inthelateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies,theinfirmaryseparatedfromthealmshouseandbecameanindependentinstitutionsupportedbylocaltaxmoney.Atthesametime,privatecharityhospitalsbegantodevelop.Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick,sincetherewaslittlethatmedicinecouldactuallydotocureillness,andthemiddleclasswastreatedathomebyprivatephysicians.

Lateinthenineteenthcentury,theprivatecharityhospitalbegantryingtoattractmiddle-classpatients.Althoughthedepressionof1890stimulatedthegrowthofcharitableinstitutionsandanexpandingurbanpopulationbecamedependentonassistance,therewasadeclineinprivatecontributionstotheseorganizationswhichforcedthemtolooktolocalgovernmentforfinancialsupport.Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.

Theadventofprivatehospitalhealthinsurance,whichprovidedmiddle-classpatientswiththepurchasingpowertopayforprivatehospitalservices,guaranteedtheprivatehospitalaregularsourceofincome.Privatehospitalsrestrictedthemselvestorevenue-generatingpatients,leavingthepublichospitalstocareforfilepoor.Althoughpublichospitalscontinuedtoprovideservicesforpatientswithcommunicablediseasesand-outpatientandemergencyservices,theBlueCrossplansdevelopedaroundtheneedsoftheprivatehospitalsandtheinpatientstheyserved.Thus,reimbursementforambulatorycarehasbeenminimalundermostBlueCrossplans,andprovisionofoutpatientcarehasnotbeenamajorfunctionoftheprivatehospital,inpartbecauseprivatepatientscanaffordtopayfortheservicesofprivatephysicians.Additionally,sinceWorldWarII,therehasbeenatremendousinfluxoffederalmoneyintoprivatemedicalschoolsandthehospitalsassociatedwiththem.Further,largeprivatemedicalcenterswithexpensiveresearchequipmentandprogramshaveattractedthebestadministrators,physicians,andresearchers.Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”

56.Accordingtothepassage,theveryfirstprivatehospitals______.

57.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorbelievesthedifferencesthatcurrentlyexistbetweenpublicandprivatehospitalsareprimarilytheresultof______.

58.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostlogicaltopicfortheauthortointroduceinthenextparagraph?

59.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto______.

60.Theauthor’sattitudetowardpublichospitalscanbestbedescribedas______.

問題1選項

A.developedfromalmshouseinfirmaries

B.wereestablishedmainlytoservicethepoor

C.weresupportedbygovernmentrevenues

D.providedbettercarethanpublicinfirmaries

問題2選項

A.politicalconsiderations

B.legislativerequirements

C.economicfactors

D.ethicalconcerns

問題3選項

A.Aplantoimprovethequalityofpublichospitals.

B.Ananalysisoftheprofitstructureofhealthinsurancecompanies.

C.Aproposaltoraisetaxesonthemiddleclass.

D.Adiscussionofrecentdevelopmentsinmedicaltechnology.

問題4選項

A.describethefinancialstructureofthehealthcareindustry

B.demonstratetheimportanceofgovernmentsupportforhealth-careinstitutions

C.criticizewealthyinstitutionsforrefusingtoprovideservicestothepoor

D.identifythehistoricalcausesofthedivisionbetweenprivateandpublichospitals

問題5選項

A.contemptuousandprejudiced

B.enthusiasticandsupportive

C.apprehensiveanddistrustful

D.concernedandunderstanding

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章,最早的私立醫(yī)院……”。文章第一段說到Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.(公立綜合醫(yī)院起源于殖民地時期地方政府為照顧窮人而建立的救濟院醫(yī)務(wù)室),由此可知由救濟院醫(yī)務(wù)室發(fā)展來的是公立醫(yī)院,而不是私人醫(yī)院,所以A項“由救濟院醫(yī)務(wù)室發(fā)展而來”錯誤;根據(jù)第一段最后一句Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick(私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院主要為貧困病人提供食物和住所)可知,最開始公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人提供服務(wù)的,因此B項“主要是為窮人服務(wù)而建立的”符合題意;C項“由政府收入支持”文中未提及;D項“提供比公立醫(yī)院更好的護理”,最初的公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人服務(wù),沒有好壞之分,因此D項錯誤。故該題選B。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“可以推斷,作者認為目前公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院之間存在的差異,主要是由于……”。根據(jù)文章第二段Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.(因為私人機構(gòu)也失去了捐助者;他們開始向病人收費。為了吸引中產(chǎn)階級患者,私人機構(gòu)提供了區(qū)分付費和非付費患者的服務(wù)和設(shè)施,使醫(yī)院成為私人醫(yī)生治療自己患者的理想場所。隨著

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