高中賓語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)

高中賓語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)高中賓語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)高中賓語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考高中賓語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)日期：20xx年X月賓語(yǔ)從句講與練在復(fù)合句中用作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。1．語(yǔ)序無(wú)論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語(yǔ)從句都必須使用陳述語(yǔ)序，即“主句＋連詞＋賓語(yǔ)從句（主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋……）”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：1）連接詞＋謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。常見的連接詞有：who，what，which等。如：Couldyoutellmewhoknowstheanswer，please你能告訴我誰(shuí)知道答案嗎

Thesmallchildrendon'tknowwhatisintheirstockings．這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？

2）連接詞＋名詞＋謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。常見的連接詞有：whose，what，which，howmany，howmuch等。如：Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebestinourclass．他問我們班上誰(shuí)的書法最好。Theteacheraskedushowmanypeopletherewereintheroom．老師問我們房間里有多少人。3）連接詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。常見的連接詞有：who（m），what，which，howmany，howmuch，when，why，how，where，if／whether（在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分）等。如：Hehasn'tdecidedifhe'llgoonatriptoWuxi．他還沒決定是否去無(wú)錫旅行。CouldyoutellmewhatIshoulddowiththemoney你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎

4）連接詞＋名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。常見的連接詞有：what，which，howmany，howmuch，how等。如：Doyouknowwhichclassheisin你知道他在哪個(gè)班嗎

SheaskedmeifIknewwhosepenitwas．她問我是否知道這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。2．連接詞1）當(dāng)由陳述句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，that無(wú)詞義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。如：Hesaidthathecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper．他說(shuō)他會(huì)在晚飯前完成工作。2）當(dāng)由一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如：Idon'tknowif／whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears．我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。但在下列情況下只能用whether：①在具有選擇意義，又有or或ornot時(shí)，尤其是直接與ornot連用時(shí)，往往用whether（if…ornot也可以使用）。如：Letmeknowwhether／ifhewillcomeornot．（＝Letmeknowwhetherornothewillcome）讓我知道他是否能來(lái)。Idon'tknowwhether／ifhedoesanywashingornot．（＝Idon'tknowwhetherornothedoesanywashing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。Iwonderwhetherwestayorwhetherwego．我不知道我們是去還是留。②在介詞之后用whether。如：I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish．我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語(yǔ)。We'rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime．我們正在考慮是否能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings．我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。③在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman．他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。Idon'tknowwhethertogo．我不知去否。Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain．他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。④whether置于句首時(shí)，不能換用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot，Ican'tsay．這是否真的我說(shuō)不上來(lái)。⑤引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)宜用whether。如：Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion．她是否能來(lái)還是個(gè)問題。Thequestioniswhetherwecancatchthebus．問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。⑥若用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，則用whether。如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook．可理解為：a．Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook．請(qǐng)告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。b．Ifyoulikethebook，pleaseletmeknow．你如果喜歡這本書，請(qǐng)告訴我。3）如果賓語(yǔ)從句原來(lái)是特殊疑問句，只需用原來(lái)的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。如：Couldyoutellmewhyyouwerelateforthemeetingthismorning你能告訴我今天早上你為什么開會(huì)遲到嗎

3．時(shí)態(tài)含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，主、從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)應(yīng)包括以下三點(diǎn)內(nèi)容：1）如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)需要，選用相應(yīng)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。如：Idon'tknowwhenhewillcomeback．我不知道他將何時(shí)回來(lái)。Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday．他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來(lái)了。2）如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只可根據(jù)需要，選用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)即一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)的某一種形式。如：①Thechildrendidn'tknowwhohewas．孩子們不知道他是誰(shuí)。②Heaskedhisfatherhowithappened．他問他父親這件事是如何發(fā)生的。3）如果賓語(yǔ)從句所表示的是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作等，不管主句用什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun．老師說(shuō)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。4．注意：if和when既可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)注意它們?cè)趦煞N從句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，分別意為“是否”和“何時(shí)”，其時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)和主句時(shí)態(tài)相呼應(yīng)；它們引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，意思分別為“如果，假如”和“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，當(dāng)主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。它們常常放在含有狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句的題干中進(jìn)行綜合考查。如：—Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow你知道他明天什么時(shí)候回來(lái)嗎—Sorry，Idon'tknow．Whenhecomesback，I'lltellyou．對(duì)不起，不知道。當(dāng)他回來(lái)了，我將告訴你?！狪don'tknowifhewillcome．我不知道他是否會(huì)來(lái)?！狧ewillcomeifitdoesn'train．如果不下雨，他會(huì)來(lái)的。簡(jiǎn)化賓語(yǔ)從句常用六法同學(xué)們常會(huì)遇到把含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單句，使其與原句意思相同（或相近）的試題。下面就介紹幾種常用的簡(jiǎn)化賓語(yǔ)從句的方法：方法一：當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.→LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim.→Wedecidedtohelphim.方法二：當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等動(dòng)詞，且主句主語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Shehasforgottenhowshecanopenthewindow.→Shehasforgottenhowtoopenthewindow.注：當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是tell，ask，show，teach等動(dòng)詞，且后帶雙賓語(yǔ)，從句主語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothestation？方法三：當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是order（命令），require（需要）等時(shí)，如果主句和從句的主語(yǔ)不一致，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“名詞（代詞）+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.→Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.方法四：某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句，可以用介詞加動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）等其他形式簡(jiǎn)化。例如：Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.→Heinsistedongoingwithus.Thepoorboydoesn’tknowwhenandwherehewasborn.→Thepoorboydoesn’tknowthetimeandtheplaceofhisbirth.方法五：某些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)+V-ing形式（作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.→LiuPingfoundawalletlyingontheground.方法六：動(dòng)詞seem后的賓語(yǔ)從句，也可以用不定式（短語(yǔ)）來(lái)簡(jiǎn)化，但句型需要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)淖兓?。例如：Itseemedthattheboysweregoingtowin.→Theboysseemedtowin.除上述方法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉(zhuǎn)化。例如：IfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.→IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.Soonwefoundthatthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnow.→Soonwefoundthegroundcoveredwiththicksnow.Theyfoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.→Theyfoundtheboxveryheavy.高中賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題及答案詳解1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfoundedA.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherdayA.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountryA.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter31.Thereason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.thatB.whichC.itD.though41.---Didyouasktheguard_______happened---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars_______increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburnA.thatB./C.whichD.it46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______hecouldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweekA.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich50.Allthatcanbeeaten_______eatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen參考答案及解析1.A.which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。2．C."和誰(shuí)講話”要說(shuō)speaktosb.本題全句應(yīng)為DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。3.D.where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。4.C.when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。5．A.which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語(yǔ)。其他幾個(gè)答案都不能作賓語(yǔ)。6．C.解析同第5題。7.A.解析見第3題。8.A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則theone應(yīng)該視為先行詞。9.A.“談到某事物”應(yīng)說(shuō)talkaboutsth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語(yǔ)，不能用that。10.A.withwhich是"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu),常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with有"用"的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),即heiswritingwithapen.11.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在從句中作狀語(yǔ).12.D.withwhom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.withwhom放在從句中即為:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.13.D.whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ)family的定語(yǔ).14.A.that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo).15.D.thesame……..as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ).在本句話中,as作從句的主語(yǔ).16.D.such………as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ).在本題中,as作表語(yǔ).17.B.as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨(dú)用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。這時(shí)as所指代的不是主句中某個(gè)名詞，而往往指代整個(gè)主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語(yǔ).18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定語(yǔ)從句.withwhom放在從句中為:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.19.C.as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常構(gòu)成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。as在從句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時(shí),要用sucha……..,本題中suchbooks,such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時(shí),其關(guān)系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,who作從句的主語(yǔ).22.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.23.D.先行詞person后有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,第一個(gè)從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因?yàn)?whom作從句中met的賓語(yǔ),可以省略.第二個(gè)從句whocoulddoit.who在從句中作主語(yǔ),不可省略.24.A.whosetitle引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,whosetitle也可以說(shuō)成thetitleofwhich25.A.forwhich引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,使用介詞for,是來(lái)自于從句中的固定短語(yǔ)befamousfor"以……..而聞名".26.C.當(dāng)先行詞被such修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞要用as.As在本從句中作主語(yǔ).27.A.兩個(gè)先行詞theday都是表示時(shí)間的名詞,但第一個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),因此要用關(guān)系副詞when.第二個(gè)空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動(dòng)詞spent的賓語(yǔ),因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.28.D.在way、distance、dir