2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士（MBA）-考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)53

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士（MBA）-考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Modernmanufacturinghas（

）aglobalriverofmaterialsintoastunningarrayofnewproducts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.translated

B.transformed

C.transferred

D.transported

【答案】B

2.單選題

In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad（1）the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge（2）

fromthedramaticgrowthoftheeconomiesofChinaandIndiatowidespread（3）inoil-producingregions,includingIraqandNigeria’sdeltaregion.Triple-digitoilpriceshave（4）theeconomicandpoliticalmapoftheworld,

（5）someoldnotionsofpower.Oil-richnationsareenjoyinghistoricgainsandopportunities,

（6）majorimporters—includingChinaandIndia,hometoathirdoftheworld’spopulation—（7）risingeconomicandsocialcosts.Managingthisneworderisfastbecomingacentral

（8）ofglobalpolitics.Countriesthatneedoilareclawingateachotherto（9）

scarcesupplies,andarewillingtodealwithanygovernment,

（10）howunpleasant,todoit.

Inmanypoornationswithoil,theprofitsarebeinglosttocorruption,

（11）thesecountriesoftheirbesthopefordevelopment.Andoilisfuelingenormousinvestmentfundsrunbyforeigngovernments,（12）someintheWestseeasanewthreat.

CountrieslikeRussia,VenezuelaandIranarewellsuppliedwithrisingoil（13），achangereflectedinnewlyaggressiveforeignpolicies.Butsomeunexpectedcountriesarereapingbenefits,

（14）costs,fromhigherprices.ConsiderGermany.

（15）itimportsvirtuallyallitsoil,ithasprosperedfromextensivetradewithaboomingRussiaandtheMiddleEast.GermanexportstoRussia（16）128percentfrom2001to2006.

IntheUnitedStates,asalreadyhighgaspricesrose（17）higherinthespringof2008,theissuecroppedupinthepresidentialcampaign,withSenatorsMcCainandObama（18）forafederalgastaxholidayduringthepeaksummerdrivingmonths.Anddrivinghabitsbeganto（19），assalesofsmallcarsjumpedandmasstransportsystems（20）thecountryreportedasharpincreaseinriders.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.come

B.gone

C.crossed

D.arrived

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.covered

B.discovered

C.arranged

D.ranged

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.intensity

B.infinity

C.insecurity

D.instability

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.drawn

B.redrawn

C.retained

D.reviewed

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.fighting

B.struggling

C.challenging

D.threatening

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.while

C.thus

D.though

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.confine

B.conflict

C.conform

D.confront

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.problem

B.question

C.matter

D.event

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.lookfor

B.lockup

C.sendout

D.keepoff

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.nomatter

B.whatif

C.onlyif

D.inspiteof

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.abolishing

B.depriving

C.destroying

D.eliminating

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.whom

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.interests

B.taxes

C.incomes

D.revenues

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.asmanyas

B.asgoodas

C.asfaras

D.aswellas

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.Although

B.Because

C.Since

D.As

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.advanced

B.grew

C.reduces

D.multiplied

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.even

B.still

C.rather

D.fairly

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.asking

B.requesting

C.calling

D.demanding

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.change

B.turn

C.shift

D.transform

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.from

C.across

D.over

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:C

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】1.邏輯關(guān)系及詞義辨析題。由上句可以推斷出空格前的it指代上句中的thepriceofoil。從語義上看,空格后的$100和上句中的$16是照應(yīng)的,都指石油價(jià)格,且二者明顯存在很大差異。因此,該處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)能與the$l00abarrelmark構(gòu)成合理搭配的及物動(dòng)詞。C選項(xiàng)crossed意為“越過,跨過”,是及物動(dòng)詞,代人文中表示“突破了每桶100美元的大關(guān)”,符合語境語義,故為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】B、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為不及物動(dòng)詞,后不能直接加賓語;A選項(xiàng)come意為“來”,代入文中,無法與the$100abarrelmark構(gòu)成合理搭配,故均排除。

2..固定搭配題。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格所在句的主干為Thereasons…from…to…,說明空格處需要一個(gè)可以與from…to…相搭配的動(dòng)詞:結(jié)合語義可知,這里是表述油價(jià)上漲的原因,空格后列舉了兩個(gè)原因(中國(guó)和印度經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng)與石油生產(chǎn)地區(qū)廣泛存在的),rangefrom…to…意為“從……到………變動(dòng)”,符合語境,因此D選項(xiàng)為正確答案

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)covered意為“覆蓋,包括”,不能與其后的from…to…結(jié)構(gòu)相搭配,故可排除;B選項(xiàng)discovered(發(fā)現(xiàn))和C選項(xiàng)arranged(安排)代入句子中,語義不通,故均可排除。

3.詞義辨析題。本題所在句是表述油價(jià)上漲的兩個(gè)原因(中國(guó)和印度經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng)、伊拉克和尼日利亞三角洲地區(qū)在內(nèi)的石油生產(chǎn)地區(qū)廣泛存在的)。由常識(shí)可知,伊拉克和尼日利亞角洲地區(qū)長(zhǎng)期局勢(shì)不穩(wěn)定,D選項(xiàng)instability(不穩(wěn)定性)符合語境,故為正確答案

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】雖然其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是名詞,符合空格處的語法特征,但A選項(xiàng)intensity意為“強(qiáng)度”,B選項(xiàng)infinity意為“無限”,代入語境,語義不通,因此排除。C選項(xiàng)Insecurity意為“不安全感;擔(dān)心”,側(cè)重于人的心理感受,與石油生產(chǎn)地區(qū)這一表物的主體不相符,故也排除。

4.邏輯關(guān)系及詞義詞析題。從句法判斷,空格處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的過去分詞,與have一起構(gòu)成謂語,說明高漲的油價(jià)對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治版圖已經(jīng)造成了影響。結(jié)合本句后面oldnotionsofpower和ー段6句中的thisneworder可知,油價(jià)上漲使得世界格局發(fā)生了変化,將B選項(xiàng)redrawn(重新繪制)代入句中,意為“三位數(shù)的油價(jià)重新繪制了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治版圖”,符合上下文語義,因此是正確答案

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)drawn意為“繪制,畫畫”,不能體現(xiàn)世界政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)版圖已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化,故于以排除。C選項(xiàng)retained意為“保留,保持”,與下文的語義相悖,因此排除。結(jié)合本文首段②句可知,到2008年油價(jià)突破了每桶10美元大關(guān),因此此前油價(jià)并未達(dá)到三位數(shù),故D選項(xiàng)reviewed(回顧;復(fù)習(xí)),不符合題意,屬于干擾項(xiàng)。

5.詞義辨析題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆為現(xiàn)在分詞形式,可以確定空格所在短語應(yīng)該是作主句的狀

語,可能表示隨著重新繪制世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治版圖發(fā)生的變化,因此oldnotionsofpower(原有的權(quán)力觀念)應(yīng)該也隨之發(fā)生了改變,所以答案應(yīng)該與“使改變;推翻;挑戰(zhàn)”相關(guān)。另外,空格后的名詞短語可以幫助我們確定空格處的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞。C選項(xiàng)challenging(挑戰(zhàn))符合以上條件,因此為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】B選項(xiàng)struggling意為“掙扎;拼搏”,A選項(xiàng)fighting意為“戰(zhàn)斗:打架”,D選項(xiàng)threatening意為“威脅;使危險(xiǎn)”,雖然這三個(gè)詞都可以作及物動(dòng)詞,但是代入原文后與原文文意不符,因此均予以排除。

6.邏輯關(guān)系題。空格處連詞表示前后兩個(gè)分句之間的邏輯關(guān)系,空格前后句子的主語分別

為“Oil-richnations(石油儲(chǔ)量豐富的國(guó)家)”和“Importers(進(jìn)口國(guó))”,兩個(gè)分句中的賓語分別為“gainsandopportunities(收益和機(jī)遇)”和“risingeconomicandsocialcosts(不斷增長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)成本),”前后形成明顯對(duì)比,所以兩個(gè)分句是對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。B選項(xiàng)while表對(duì)比,符合上下文邏輯關(guān)系,故正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)and表示并列機(jī)示關(guān)系已理意為“因此”,表示因果關(guān)系;D項(xiàng)though意為“盡管”,表示讓步關(guān)系,三個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆不符合兩個(gè)分句之間的邏輯關(guān)系,因此都排除。

7.詞義辨析題。由上題可知,空格所在分句與while之間的分句之間為對(duì)比關(guān)系;while前的分句提到石油儲(chǔ)量豐富的國(guó)家正享受收益和機(jī)遇,那么空格所在分句應(yīng)闡述的是石油進(jìn)口國(guó)面臨的問題。D選項(xiàng)confront意為“面對(duì),遭遇”,后面常接不愉快的人或事情,符合語境。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)confine意為“限制”,不符合語境:B選項(xiàng)conflict(沖突)是不及物動(dòng)詞:C選項(xiàng)conform(遵守)代入文中,不符合語境,因此都排除。

8.詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰渥又械膖hisneworder(這種新格局)指的是上一段提到的由于油價(jià)上漲面改變了的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治格局和不同國(guó)家的不同境遇,因此如何應(yīng)對(duì)這種新格局是全球需要解決的問題。A選項(xiàng)problem意為“需要解決的問題,有待解決的問題”,符合文意,為正確選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】B選項(xiàng)question也有“問題“的意思,側(cè)重于“需要被回答的問題”,不符合文意。C選項(xiàng)matter常指“重要的事情”,而D選項(xiàng)event則指“發(fā)生過的事情:具有影響力的重大事件”,都不符合文意,因此均排除。

9.詞義辨析題,本句的意思是“需要石油的國(guó)家相互勾心斗角,以期緊缺的石油供給”。將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入句中,可見B選項(xiàng)lockup(鎖起來,藏起來——在文中可以引申為“掌控”的意思)比較適合語境,為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)lookfor意為“尋找”,但賓語scarcesupplies意為“緊缺的石油供給”,不符合語境。C選項(xiàng)sendout(派;:發(fā)送)和D選項(xiàng)keepoff(避開,遠(yuǎn)離)都與文意相悖,因此排除。

10.邏輯關(guān)系題。空格后面的how提示正確選項(xiàng)必須是能與之搭配的短語。結(jié)合語境,只有

A選項(xiàng)nomatter適合,nomatterhow的意思是“無論多么…,不管怎么樣”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,代入文中符合文章語義,因此為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】B選項(xiàng)whatif意為”如果……將會(huì)怎么樣”,常引導(dǎo)疑問句表示假設(shè):C選項(xiàng)onlyif意為”只有;只是在…的時(shí)候”,表?xiàng)l件:D選項(xiàng)inspiteof意為“雖然,盡管”,雖也表示讓步,但一般不與how連用,因此都排除。

11.詞義辨析及詞組搭配題。從語法上看,空格處填入動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語,表示擁

有石油國(guó)家的所得利潤(rùn)被腐敗所吞噬的結(jié)果,而且所選動(dòng)詞必須能夠與of搭配。符合以上條件的只有B選項(xiàng)depriving(剝奪),deprivesb.ofsth.意為”剝奪某人某物,使某人喪失某物”,符合句意,故正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)abolishing意為“廢除”;C選項(xiàng)destroying意為“破壞":D選項(xiàng)eliminating意為“消除”,這三項(xiàng)都不能與of搭配,因此都為干擾項(xiàng)。

12.語法知識(shí)及邏輯關(guān)系題。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看,逗號(hào)前面的句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整,空格后面亦有主語和謂語,see…as…結(jié)構(gòu)中缺少賓語,由此推斷空格處應(yīng)為關(guān)系詞,引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句,且在后面的從句中作賓語。C選項(xiàng)which符合以上條件,為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句,因此排除;B選項(xiàng)that不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句,故也是干擾項(xiàng);D選項(xiàng)whom的先行詞應(yīng)該是人,也不符合語境,故都排除。

13.詞義辨析題?？崭袼诰湟磉_(dá)的是:俄羅斯、委內(nèi)端拉和伊朗等國(guó)家從石油中獲得了日益增長(zhǎng)的。D選項(xiàng)revenues,意為“收益;財(cái)政收入”,符合語境,故為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】雖然其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)也與收入有關(guān),但A選項(xiàng)interests意為“利息;利益”,B選項(xiàng)taxes意為“稅收”,C選項(xiàng)incomes意為”收入,收益”,但側(cè)重的是個(gè)人收入。此三項(xiàng)均不符合句意,故都排除

14.詞義辨析題?？崭窈竺婢渥又械牡聡?guó)例子說明,一些國(guó)家在付出成本的同時(shí)也獲得了收益。由此可知空格前后的名詞benefits和costs是并列的關(guān)系,所以此處應(yīng)該填入選擇連詞。D選項(xiàng)aswellas可以充當(dāng)連詞,表示“也;而且;除……之外”,符合語義,為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)asmanyas意為“與…一樣多”,文章中并沒有涉及多少的問題,故為干擾項(xiàng);B選項(xiàng)asgoodas意為”與……一樣好”,文章中沒有比較的意味,也為干擾項(xiàng);C選項(xiàng)isfaras意為“遠(yuǎn)到,至于,直到”,代入文中語義不通順,故可排除。

15.邏輯關(guān)系題。空格所在前半句提到德國(guó)的石油幾乎全部依賴進(jìn)口,后半句又提到德國(guó)通過與其他國(guó)家貿(mào)易往來獲得了經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮。顯然空格所在句中存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,而各備選項(xiàng)中只有A選項(xiàng)Although能表示讓步轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以是正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均用于引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,不符合句中邏輯關(guān)系,因此都是干擾項(xiàng)

16.上下文語義及詞義析題。空格所在句子的主語是GermanexportstoRussia(德國(guó)對(duì)俄羅斯的出口),空格后的128percentfrom2001to2006(從2001年到2006年128%),表示幾年內(nèi)的數(shù)字變化,所以空格處的意思是“增加”或者“減少”。結(jié)合上文所舉德國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮一例,可以確定為“增加”之意。B選項(xiàng)grew意為“增長(zhǎng),增加”,符合語義,為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)advanced意為“進(jìn)步;前進(jìn)”,后面一般不直接接數(shù)字;C選項(xiàng)reduced意為“減少;縮小”,與文意相悖;D選項(xiàng)multiplied意為“相乘;繁殖”,不符合語境,因此都排除。

17.詞義辨析題。空格處需要一個(gè)副詞來修飾后面的比較級(jí)higher,在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,A選項(xiàng)even(甚至)可以修飾比較級(jí),且符合句子的時(shí)態(tài)(一般過去時(shí)),因此為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】B選項(xiàng)still意為“依然”,雖然也可以修飾比較級(jí),但它表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù),說明將來的情況:C選項(xiàng)rather.意為“相當(dāng),有點(diǎn)兒”,D選項(xiàng)fairly意為“相當(dāng)”,都不能修飾比較級(jí),因此都為干擾項(xiàng)。

18.詞匯搭配題?？崭裰械膭?dòng)詞應(yīng)該和空格后的介詞for構(gòu)成合理搭配,ask和call都可以和for搭配。askfor表示“請(qǐng)求,要求”、callfor表示“呼呼;要求”。結(jié)合空格后的federalgastaxholiday(聯(lián)邦汽油稅假期)和之前提到的presidentialcampaign(總統(tǒng)大選),可以判斷總統(tǒng)候選人是在進(jìn)行呼吁該項(xiàng)措施。因此A選項(xiàng)asking予以排除,C選項(xiàng)calling為正確答案。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】B選項(xiàng)requesting(請(qǐng)求,要求)和D選項(xiàng)demanding((要求,需求)都是及物動(dòng)詞,都不能與for搭配,因此排除

19..習(xí)慣搭配題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆為動(dòng)詞,且含有“改變,轉(zhuǎn)變”的意思?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的邏輯主語是drivinghabits(駕駛習(xí)慣),根據(jù)常用搭配changeahabit(改變習(xí)慣)可判斷,A選項(xiàng)change為正確答案

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】B選項(xiàng)turn意為“轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)”,作系動(dòng)詞時(shí)有“變得”之意;C選項(xiàng)shift意為“轉(zhuǎn)變;變換方向”:D選項(xiàng)transform意為“轉(zhuǎn)化;轉(zhuǎn)變”,不符合搭配習(xí)慣,因此都排除

20.介詞搭配題?？崭裉幗樵~應(yīng)與后面的由thecountry(國(guó)家)搭配,作masstransportsystems的后置定語。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有C選項(xiàng)可與之構(gòu)成搭配acrossthecountrv(全國(guó)范圍的),對(duì)masstransportsystem(公共交通系統(tǒng))進(jìn)行符合文意的修飾,正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)分析】A選項(xiàng)意為“為了";B選項(xiàng)from意為“從,來自”,這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不符合語境,故排除。D選項(xiàng)over若與thecountry搭配表示“全國(guó)范圍”,需加all形成短語alloverthecountry,因此也排除

3.寫作題

Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150words.

【答案】Thegraphshowsthechangesinthechoicesofgraduatesofacertainuniversityfrom2013to2018

Dateindicatesthatpercentageofobtainingemploymentisthebiggest,butithasdeclinedsharplyfrom68.1%to60.7%,whiletheportionoffurtheringeducationincreasedfrom26.3%to34%,startingbusinessfrom1.3%to2.6%.

Thereasonsbehindmightbeasfollows.Firstofall,moststudentswouldliketofindajobsothattheycouldgainin-handskillsandexperiencethataresignificantfortheirfuturecareer,aswellassupporttheirownlife.Ascollegeeducationisconsideredmoreandmoreimportant,thecompetitionbetweengraduatesisintensifying.Therefore,furthereducationbecomesessentialiftheywanttocompeteforarewardingjob.Secondly,itisverychallengingtostartabusinessforthosewholacktheresourcesandexperience,sotheportionwasverysmall.Howeversomeofgraduatesthinkitisbeneficialforimprovingtheirqualityineveryaspecttostartabusiness.

Overall,thereisneverarightorwrongchoiceintermsofwhattodoaftertheirgraduation.Accordingtotheircareergoals,financialstatusandpersonalpreferences,theycanmaketheoptionalchoice.

4.單選題

水產(chǎn)品的脂肪含量相對(duì)較低，而且含有較多不飽和脂肪酸，對(duì)預(yù)防血脂異常和心血管疾病有一定作用；禽肉的脂肪含量也比較低，脂肪酸組成優(yōu)于畜肉；畜肉中的瘦肉脂肪含量低于肥肉，瘦肉優(yōu)于肥肉。因此，在肉類選擇上，應(yīng)該優(yōu)先選擇水產(chǎn)品，其次是禽肉，這樣對(duì)身體更健康。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真，最能支持以上論述？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.所有人都有罹患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

B.肉類脂肪含量越低對(duì)人體越健康。

C.人們認(rèn)為根據(jù)自己的喜好選擇肉類更有益于健康。

D.人們必須攝入適量的動(dòng)物脂肪才能滿足身體的需要。

E.脂肪含量越低，不飽和脂肪酸含量越高。

【答案】B

【解析】本題前提論證的是水產(chǎn)品、禽肉與脂肪含量的關(guān)系；結(jié)論說的水產(chǎn)品、禽肉與健康的關(guān)系。所以應(yīng)該用搭橋法，搭的脂肪含量與健康的關(guān)系。正確答案為B。

5.單選題

EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley'sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.

ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon'sOlympic"legacy"isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun－upto2012－butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto"inspireageneration."ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.

Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.

Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally"grassroots",conceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods－makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas（

）.

2.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon'sOlympic"legacy"hasfailedto

（

）.

3.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit

（

）.

4.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould

（

）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsportsis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gainedgreatpopularity

B.createdmanyjobs

C.strengthenedcommunityties

D.becomeanofficialfestival

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.boostpopulationgrowth

B.promotesportparticipation

C.improvethecity'simage

D.increasesporthoursinschools

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.aimsatdiscoveringtalents

B.focusesonmasscompetition

C.doesnotemphasizeelitism

D.doesnotattractfirst-timers

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.organize"grassroots"sportsevents

B.superviselocalsportsassociations

C.increasefundsforsportsclubs

D.investinpublicsportsfacilities

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.tolerant

B.critical

C.uncertain

D.sympathetic

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞Parkrun定位到文章第一段第二句“TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad”，公園跑現(xiàn)象始于十幾個(gè)朋友，并在英國(guó)和其他國(guó)家引發(fā)了400場(chǎng)活動(dòng)。說明公園跑流行起來了。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由“London’sOlympic‘legacy’”和“failed”定位到文章第二段第一句，表述倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)遺產(chǎn)失敗，具體表現(xiàn)在下文中，“l(fā)everanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches”“Ithasnothappened”，說明倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)并沒有做到“將全國(guó)的體育愛好者撬離沙發(fā)”，也就是說大眾參與運(yùn)動(dòng)積極性沒被調(diào)動(dòng)起來。分析比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的參與”符合題意。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgames”定位到文章第三段第三句“TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes”，由bycontrast可知這是在把Olympicgames與Parkrun相比較，由此可知奧林匹克申辦者是希望培養(yǎng)更多的精英運(yùn)動(dòng)員，那公園跑是相反的。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由“government”定位到文章第四段第二句“Ifthereisaroleforgovernment…providingcommongoods－makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoney…andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools”，政府要發(fā)揮作用的話，應(yīng)該參與提供公共設(shè)施，為繁榮體育提供條件。因此D選項(xiàng)“投資公共體育建設(shè)”符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由“UKgovernment”定位到文章第四段第三句“Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation”，由全文判斷，這里的successivegovernment就是UKgovernment。本句開頭就是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系詞but，說明與上句迥異，并且在句中作者用到了許多比較負(fù)面消極的詞匯比如squeezingmoney、decliningattention等，可知作者對(duì)政府的態(tài)度是負(fù)面的、否定的。因此B選項(xiàng)“批評(píng)的”符合題意。

6.單選題

王、陸、田3人擬報(bào)到甲、乙、丙、丁、成、己6個(gè)景點(diǎn)結(jié)伴游覽。關(guān)于游覽的順序，3人意見如下：

（1）王：1甲、2丁、3己、4乙、5戊、6丙；

（2）陸：1丁、2己、3戊、4甲、5乙、6丙；

（3）田：1己、2乙、3丙、4甲、5戊、6丁。

實(shí)際游覽時(shí)，各人意見中都恰有一半的景點(diǎn)序號(hào)是正確的。

根據(jù)以上信息，他們實(shí)際游覽的前3個(gè)景點(diǎn)分別是：

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.己、丁、丙。

B.丁、乙、己。

C.甲、乙、己。

D.乙、己、丙。

E.丙、丁、己。

【答案】B

【解析】題干信息全面且不確定，可以采用代入法。ACDE四項(xiàng)代入后都無法保證每個(gè)人的意見有一半正確，所以正確答案為B。

7.單選題

Tomysurprise,atyesterday’smeetingheagain（

）theplanthathadbeendisapprovedaweekbefore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.broughtabout

B.broughtout

C.broughtup

D.broughtdown

【答案】C

8.單選題

關(guān)于張、李、宋、孔4人參加植樹活動(dòng)的情況如下:

(1)張、李、孔至少有2人參加；

(2)李、宋、孔至多有2人參加；

(3)如果李參加，那么張、宋兩人要么都參加，要么都不參加。

根據(jù)以上陳述，以下哪項(xiàng)是不可能的?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.宋、孔都參加。

B.宋、孔都不參加。

C.李、宋都參加。

D.李、宋都不參加。

E.李參加、宋不參加。

【答案】B

【解析】

代入排除法，問“不可能”=“必然不對(duì)”，答案ab，cd呈現(xiàn)矛盾關(guān)系，排除E項(xiàng)，通過③排除cd項(xiàng)，代入ab可得答案。代入②，情況1，李參加→張宋都不參加

與①矛盾，情況2，張宋都參加，與B矛盾。

9.單選題

方程的整數(shù)解有4個(gè)。

（1）方程為|x+1|+|x-2|=3

（2）方程為|x+1|-|x-2|=3

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.條件(1)充分，但條件(2)不充分。

B.條件(2)充分，但條件(1)不充分。

C.條件(1)和條件(2)單獨(dú)都不充分，但條件(1)和條件(2)聯(lián)合起來充分。

D.條件(1)充分，條件(2)也充分。

E.條件(1)和條件(2)單獨(dú)都不充分，條件(1)和條件(2)聯(lián)合起來也不充分。

【答案】A

【解析】本題考查的是絕對(duì)值問題。條件（1）：當(dāng)x2時(shí),方程左邊=x+1+x-2=2x-1≠3，不符合條件；當(dāng)-1≤x≤2時(shí)，方程左邊=x+1-(x-2)=3=右邊，符合題意。故整數(shù)解為-1,0,1,2共4個(gè)，充分。條件（2）：同理，當(dāng)x≥2時(shí)，|x+1|-|x-2|=3成立，則有無數(shù)個(gè)解，不充分。

10.單選題

Howseriouslyshouldparenttakekid’sopinionswhensearchingforahome?

Inchoosinganewhome,CamilleMeClain’skidshaveasingledemand:abackyard.

ThatseeminglyreasonablerequestturnedtheChicagofamily’shomehuntupsidedown,asthereweren’tmanythree-bedroomapartmentsontheNorthSide—wherethefamilywaslooking—thatcamewithyardspace.Still,McClainandherhusbandchosetohonortheir4-and6-year-old’srequest.

“Weworkedwithafewapartmentbrokers,anditwasstrangethatmanyofthemdidn’tevenknowiftherewasoutdoorspace,sothey’dbringustoanapartment.We’dseethatitdidn’thaveayard,andwe’dmoveon,”saidMcClain,whorunsMerryMusicMakersinLakeview,abusinessfocusedonmusiceducationforchildren.

McClain’slittleonesaren’ttheonlykidswhohaveanopinionwhenitcomestohousing,andinmanycasesyoungsters’viewsweighheavilyonparents’realestatedecisions,accordingtoa2018HarrisPollsurveyofmorethan2,000U.S.adults.

Renterspaidattentiontotheirkids’preferencesevenmore:83percentsaidtheirchildren’sopinionswillbeafactorwhentheybuyahome.

Theideaofinvolvingchildreninabigdecisionisagreatideabecauseitcanhelpthemfeelasenseofcontrolandownershipinwhatcanbeanoverwhelmingprocess,saidRyanHooper,clinicalpsychologistinChicago.

“Childrenmayfaceseriousdifficultiesincopingwithsignificantmoves,especiallyifitremovesthemfromtheircurrentschoolorsupportsystem,”hesaid.

Youngerchildrenshouldfeellikethey’rechoosingtheirhome—withoutactuallygettingachoiceinthematter,saidAdamBailey,realestateattorneybasedinNewYorkandauthoroftheupcomingchildren’sbookHome,aboutthesearchfortheperfecthomefromtheviewpointofachild.

Askingthemquestionsaboutwhattheylikeaboutthebackyardofapotentialhome—oraskingthemwheretheirtoyswouldgointhehouse—willmakethemfeellikethey’rebeingincludedinthedecision-makingprocess,Baileysaid.

Manyoftheaspectsofhomebuyingaren’taconsiderationforchildren,saidTraceyHampson,arealestateagentbasedinSantaClarita,Calif.Andplacingtoomuchemphasisontheiropinionscanruinafantastichomepurchase.

Shehasaclientwhohasbeenhouse-huntingforawhile,andhealwaysaskshisyoungchildrentheiropinion.Butwhenthisbuyerfinallydecidedtowriteanofferonahomewithapool,hischildrenburstintotearsbecausetheydidn’twantapool.

“Theyendedupnotsubmittinganoffer,”Hampsonsaid.“Sospeakingwithyourchildrenbeforeyoumakearealestatedecisioniswise,butIwouldn’tbasethepurchasingdecisionsolelyontheiropinions.”

Theotherissueisthatmanychildren—especiallyolderones—maybasetheirrealestateknowledgeonHGTVshows,whichtendtofocusonsuperficialaspectsofrealestate,saidAaronNorrisofTheNorrisGroupinRiverside,Calif.

“TheyloveChipandJulieGainesjustasmuchastherestofus,”hesaid.“HGTVhasseriouslychangedhowpeopleviewrealestate.It’snotshelter,it’salifestyle.Withthatmindsetchangecomessomeseriousmoneyconsequences.”

Kidstendtogetstuckinthefeaturesandtheimmediatebenefitstothempersonally,Norrissaid.Andwhiletheiropinionsonthoseelementsshouldn’treignsupreme,thehomebuyingprocesscouldbeatimetostarttalkingtokidsaboutmoney,budgeting,homeownershipandotherfinancialdecisions.

Parentsalsoneedtoremindtheirchildrenthattheirneedsanddesiresmaychangeovertime,saidJulieGurner,arealestateanalystwithFitSmallB.

“Theiropinionscanchangetomorrow，”Gumersaid.“Harshasitmaybetosay,thatdecisionshouldlikelynotbemadecontingentonachild’sopinions,butrathermadeforthemwithgreatconsiderationintowhathomecanmeettheirneedsbest—andgivethemanopportunitytocustomizeitabitandmakeittheirown.”

Thisadviceismorerelevantnowthaneverbefore,evenasmoreparentswanttoembracetheideasoftheirchildren,despitethecurrenthousingcrunch.

Today,wanna-behomebuyershavetobemoreopenwhenitcomestomust-havesandwhatyoucancompromiseon,Hampsonsaid.

Andspeakingofcompromise:TheMcClainkids,hungryforoutdoorspace,fellinlovewithahomeintheNorthParkneighborhoodthathadalargeyard.Butitwasn’tidealbytheirparents’standards.

ThefamilyendeduprentingahouseinNorthCenterthathadasmalleryard,butitwasstillbigenoughforplaytime.

“IhadtodoabitofasalesjobwiththekidssincetheylovedtheyardinNorthPark,”McClainsaid.“Butthere’sahammocktheyloungeon,aspottojumprope,aplacetoplayinthesprinkler,andanareatowritewithsidewalkchalk.”

1.RyanHopper（

）

2.AdamBailey（

）

3.TraceyHampson（

）

4.AaronNorris（

）

5.JulieGamer（

）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:G

第3題:F

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.由RyanHooper定位到文章第五段和第六段。第六段引用了RyanHooper說的“Childrenmayfaceseriousdifficultiesincopingwithsignificantmoves,especiallyifitremovesthemfromtheircurrentschoolorsupportsystem”,其中significantmoves和children都在D選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)，childrenmayfaceseriousdifficulties與D選項(xiàng)中mayposechallengestochildren信息對(duì)等，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.由AdamBailey定位到文章第八段和第九段。第九段說到Adam的觀點(diǎn)“Askingthemquestionsaboutwhattheylikeaboutthebackyardofapotentialhome—oraskingthemwheretheirtoyswouldgointhehouse—willmakethemfeellikethey’rebeingincludedinthedecision-makingprocess”，問他們喜歡潛在家庭的后院是什么，或者問他們的玩具會(huì)放在家里的什么地方，會(huì)讓他們覺得自己也參與了決策過程，這里的最后一句與G選項(xiàng)的asenseofinvolvementinhome-buyingdecisions同義，因此G選項(xiàng)正確。

3.TraceyHampson出現(xiàn)在文章第十段、第十一段和第十二段。第十一段直接引用了Tracey的話“Sospeakingwithyourchildrenbeforeyoumakearealestatedecisioniswise,butIwouldn’tbasethepurchasingdecisionsolelyontheiropinions”,其中wouldn’tbasethepurchasingdecisionsolelyontheiropinions“不會(huì)僅僅根據(jù)他們的意見來做出購(gòu)買決定”與F選項(xiàng)“建議買房不應(yīng)該只是基于孩子的意見”相符合。因此F選項(xiàng)正確。

4.由AaronNorris定位到文章第十三段、十四段和第十五段。十三段開頭說到“Theotherissueisthatmanychildren---especiallyolderones---maybasetheirrealestateknowledgeonHGTVshows…”，可知“另一個(gè)問題是，許多孩子——尤其是年齡較大的孩子——可能會(huì)把他們的房地產(chǎn)知識(shí)建立在HGTV節(jié)目上”，其中，base…onHGTV與C選項(xiàng)"假設(shè)許多孩子對(duì)房地產(chǎn)的看法受到媒體的影響"符合。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.JulieGumer出現(xiàn)在文章第十六段和十七段。第十七段中說到Gurner的觀點(diǎn)“thatdecisionshouldlikelynotbemadecontingentonachild’sopinions,butrathermadeforthemwithgreatconsiderationintowhathomecanmeettheirneedsbest…”其中decisionshouldlikelynotbemadecontingentonachild’sopinions,butrathermadeforthemwithgreatconsiderationintowhathomecanmeettheirneedsbest"決定不應(yīng)該取決于孩子的意見，而應(yīng)該為他們做出充分考慮什么家庭能最好地滿足他們的需要"與B選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為買房應(yīng)該基于孩子的需要而不是他們的意見”相符合，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Todayisnodifferent,withacademics,writers,andactivistsonceagain（1）thattechnologyisreplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby

（2）

.Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland.

Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive

（3）

holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort,one

（4）

bypurposelessness:Withoutjobstogivetheirlives

（5）

,peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed.

（6）

today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavingagreattime.OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression,doubletheratefor

（7）

Americans.Also,someresearchsuggeststhatthe

（8）

forrisingratesofmortality,mental-healthproblems,andaddicting

（9）poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.Perhapsthisiswhymany

（10）

theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture.

Butitdoesn’t

（11）

followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledw