英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法 虛擬語(yǔ)氣

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:虛擬語(yǔ)氣一．一般虛擬條件句(1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反——IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tworry.——IfIhadthebookathand,Iwouldreadthepassagetoyou.那么，虛擬語(yǔ)氣現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型為：從句：If+主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be變were)+…主句：主語(yǔ)＋would(should,could,might)+動(dòng)詞原形＋…(2)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反——Ifyouhadgonetolastnight’sgames,youwouldhavemethim.——Ifthepolicemanhadarrivedearlier,hewouldhaveseentheaccident.那么，虛擬語(yǔ)氣過(guò)去時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：從句：If＋主語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去完成時(shí)…主句：主語(yǔ)＋should(或would,could,might)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)…(3)與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反——Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldgivehimthedictionaryheneeds.——IfMr.Liweretodotheexperimenttomorrow,hemightreadtheinstructionscarefully.那么虛擬語(yǔ)氣將來(lái)時(shí)的句型是：從句：If+主語(yǔ)＋should(或wereto)+動(dòng)詞原形＋…主句：同虛擬語(yǔ)氣現(xiàn)在時(shí)的主句結(jié)構(gòu)。練習(xí)：Ifthisreportweremoreaccurate,it__________aninvaluabledocument. been be be(D)I_______introubleifthepolicehadstoppedme. havebeen be been(B)Whatwouldyoudoifwar_________out. break brokenout D.weretobreak(D)二、在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，若有were,had,should，可省去if,將were,had,should提到主語(yǔ)前，形成倒裝。例如：——Shouldtherebeameetingtomorrow,hewouldtellyou.——Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,wewouldnothaveachievedsomuch.練習(xí)：1.____beforeweleavethedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.A)HadtheyarrivedB)WouldtheyarriveC)WeretheyarrivingD)Weretheytoarrive(D)2.Hadheworkedharder,he____theexams.A)musthavegotthroughB)wouldhavegotthroughC)wouldgetthroughD)couldgetthrough(B)3._________enteruniversityoneday,Iwouldworkveryhard.A)WouldIeverB)EverwouldIC)ShouldIeverD)EvershouldI(C)三.由asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的從句中用過(guò)去時(shí)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在虛擬，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的虛擬。例如：——Sammylooksasthoughhenevergotasquaremeal,butinfacthisparentsfeedhimverywell.(用過(guò)去式表與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)——Heappearedasifhehadknownnothingaboutit.(用過(guò)去完成式表與過(guò)去相反的事實(shí))——Theoldwomanheldhimasifshewouldneverlethimgoagain.(用would+原形動(dòng)詞表與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反)練習(xí)：1．TheAmericanyoungmanspeaksChinesefluentlyasifhe________aChinese.A)isB)wereC)hasbeenD)hadbeen(B)2．Thegardenlookedasifit________yesterday.A)wasn’twateredB)didn’twaterC)hasn’twateredD)hadn’tbeenwatered(D)四．動(dòng)詞wish后賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣——Iwishhewereherenow.——Shewishesshewouldalwaysremainyoung.——IwishyouhadnothurtJimsomuch.Heisstillverydepressed.練習(xí)：1.IwishI____longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A)hadsleptB)sleptC)mighthavesleptD)haveslept(A)2．Theyneverhaveenoughresourcesandtheywishthey_______more.A)haveB)hadC)willhaveD)havehad(B)五．在表示建議、命令、要求等動(dòng)詞的后面，其賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用“should+原形動(dòng)詞”表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，或省略should表示“要求”的：request,demand,require表示“提議、勸告、建議”的：propose,suggest,advise表示“決定、命令”的：order,command表示“堅(jiān)持”的insist例如：——Weinsistedthathe(should)bepresentattheceremony.——Thedirectorsuggestedthatshe(should)studymoreEnglishbeforegoingabroad.練習(xí)：1．MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe________gothere.A)nottoB)won’tC)doesnotD)not(D)2．Mike’suncleinsists____inthishotel.A)stayingnotB)thathewouldnotstayC)nottostayD)thathenotstay(D)3．Thejobwouldrequirethat______at7o’clockeverymorning.A)hewillbeatthefactoryB)hebeatthefactoryC)hewasatthefactoryD)hehasbeenatthefactory(B)六．上述動(dòng)詞的名詞形式用虛擬語(yǔ)氣requirement,advice,order,suggestion,proposal,command其后的從句,也用“should+原形動(dòng)詞”表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，或省去should。例如：Themanager’ssuggestionisthatthesecretary(should)learnshorthand.練習(xí):1.Thesuggestionthatthemayor____theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.A)wouldpresentB)oughttopresentC)presentD)presents(C)2．Oneoftherequirementsforafireisthatthematerial_______toitsburningtemperature.A)heatedB)beheatedC)tobeheatedD)beingheated(B)七、在“Itis(was)+形容詞(或過(guò)去分詞)＋that...(主語(yǔ)從句)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)也用“should+原形動(dòng)詞”表虛擬語(yǔ)氣。或省略should常用的形容詞和過(guò)去分詞有：表“要求”的：required,demanded,requested,desired表“建議”的：suggested表“迫切、緊迫、重要”的有：necessary,essential,important表“命令”的:ordered例如：——ItisnecessarythatFrankdoawaywithhisbadhabit.——Itisdesiredthatweshouldgeteverythingreadybytonight.練習(xí)：1．Theykepttellingusthatitwasvitalthatwe________thereontime.A)mustbeB)wereC)beD)wouldbe(C)2．Itisnecessarythatanefficientworker_______hisworkontime.A)accomplishB)accomplishesC)canaccomplishD)hasaccomplished(A)八、在“Itis(high/about)time+that引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)例如：Itishigh(about,already)timethatwewenttobed練習(xí)：It’shightimesomebody________histongue.A)holdB)holdsC)heldD)shouldhold(C)練習(xí)（虛擬語(yǔ)氣部分）IfI________itwasgoingtocostsomuch,Iwouldn’thaveboughtit.A.hadknown B.knew C.weretoknow D.shouldhaveknownWecannotimaginewhatourworld________likewithoutelectricpower.A.is B.willbe C.wouldbe D.hasbeenMyfilesareallovertheplace.IwishI_________aboxthatI_______themin.A.have,cankeep B.havehad,canhave