【語(yǔ)法】不定式-完整版課件

不定式Lead-inCindyusedabrushtopaintapictureofapark.Lead-inTheywenttothehospitaltoseethesickchildren.Lead-inWetaughtthemtotellstories.Lead-inShewantedtohelpdisabledchildren.Shetaughtthemtosing.Lead-inCindyusedabrushtopaintapictureofapark.Theywenttothehospitaltoseethesickchildren.Wetaughtthemtotellstories.Shewantedtohelpdisabledchildren.

我們把topaint，tosee,totell以及tohelp稱之為動(dòng)詞不定式Presentation（1）“to+動(dòng)詞原形”（2）有時(shí)可以不帶to動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式注：動(dòng)詞不定式（不定式短語(yǔ)）沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語(yǔ)。但仍保留動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，即可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。Presentation動(dòng)詞不定式的特征動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，可以作句子的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)。1.作主語(yǔ)Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Toplayinthestreetisdangerous.Presentation2.作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)，常說明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)、特征。如：ThebestwayistojoinanEnglishclub.Thefirstthingistolistentotheteachercarefully.

3.作賓語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞后必須有賓語(yǔ)，來(lái)說明主語(yǔ)做什么。PresentationShewantedtoborrowmybike.Theybegantoreadandwrite.4.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞，接了賓語(yǔ)意義仍不完整，還需要有一個(gè)其他的句子成分，來(lái)補(bǔ)充說明賓語(yǔ)的意義、狀態(tài)等,稱為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)稱賓補(bǔ)。Lucyurnaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.Shefoundhimtobeagoodpupil.5.作定語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ)通常放在被修飾詞的后面，總是后置。Ihavealotofworktodo.Hehasnotimetoseethefilm.Presentation6.作狀語(yǔ)（1）作目的狀語(yǔ)ShewenttoseehergrandpalastSunday.

（2）作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Shewassoexcitedtosayaword.(3)作原因狀語(yǔ)I'mgladtoseeyou.Presentation動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式由“not+動(dòng)詞不定式”構(gòu)成例如：Tellhimnottobelate.Thepolicemantoldthemnottoplayinthestreet.Presentation動(dòng)詞不定式和疑問詞連用動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問詞what,where,how,when,where,which等連用，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。例如：Thequeationiswhentostart.Idon'tknowwheretogo.Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.Nobodytolduswhattodo.Homework動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to的情況1.感官動(dòng)詞：如hear,see,watch,feel,notice等Isawhimcome.Iheardhimsing.2.某些使役動(dòng)詞，如make,let.have等。Lethimgo.Theymadethechildrenwork12hoursaday.注：help后可帶to，也可不帶to。PracticeChoosethebestanswer.

（）1.Theteachertoldthem________makesomuchnoise.A.don'tB.notC.willnotD.notto（）2.Tellhim_______thewindow.It'scoldoutside.

A.tocloseB.nottoclose

C.closeD.notclose

DAPractice（）3.Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththem.A.workB.working

C.toworkD.worked()4.Isawhim_______outoftheroom.A.goB.wentC.isgoingD.goesCAPractice（）5.Heoftenmakeshislittlesister_____.

A.cryB.cryingC.criedD.tocry（）6.There'resomanykindsofnewbikesonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymind_____tobuy.A.whatB.whichC.howD.whereABPractice【2013.上?！縀venTony'sgranddaughter,afive-year-oldgirl,askedhim________smoking.A.giveupB.gaveup

C.togiveupD.givingup【答案】【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：甚至Tony的孫女，一個(gè)5歲的女孩，也讓他戒煙。asksbtodosth,固定用法，讓某人做某事。直擊中考C

Practice【2013.山東威?！俊狤xcuseme.Couldyoutellme______gettothenearestpostoffice?—Sorry,Iamnewhere.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan【答案】【解析】考查“特殊疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”的用法。句意：打擾了，你能告訴我如何到達(dá)最近的郵局嗎？對(duì)不起我是新來(lái)的。當(dāng)主句的賓語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可以用疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。CPractice【2013.湖南株洲】AlltheChinesepeoplemustworkhard___________ChinaDream.A.torealizeB.realize