情態(tài)動詞的用法市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎?wù)n件

情態(tài)動詞使用方法Modalverb??第1頁may/might/can/couldcan/could與beableto比較. 1)beableto時(shí)態(tài)較多

2)can強(qiáng)調(diào)能力,或與表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)動詞連用. eg.MysistercancookveryniceFrenchdishes. Icanhearthebirdssinging./Icouldseethepathwinding. 3)beableto表示“設(shè)法已做成某事”,相當(dāng)于managetodo,或succeedindong.eg.昨天四平路發(fā)生了一起交通事故,但司機(jī)設(shè)法從車?yán)锱懒顺鰜?

假如出事故,司機(jī)能很快離開他車. 4)在否定句中二者沒有區(qū)分.TherewasatrafficaccidentonSipingRoadyesterday,butthedriverwasabletogetoutofthecar.Iftherewasanaccident,thedrivercouldgetoutofhiscar.第2頁2.may/might/can/could表示許可

1)必定句----給予許可eg.Youcan/maysithere.2)否定句----不許可 eg.Youmaynot/can’t/shallnot/arenotto/mustn’tsmokehere.3)疑問句----請求許可Can/May/Could/MightIsmokehere??應(yīng)答時(shí)應(yīng)說Ofcourse,youcan/may.或No,youcan’t/maynot(不用could或might).eg.--我能夠要你電話號碼嗎? –當(dāng)然能夠,讓我們保持聯(lián)絡(luò). --對不起,不行.這是我隱私.MayIhaveyourtelephonenumber?Ofcourse,youmay.Let’skeepincontact.Sorry,youmaynot.It’smyprivacy.第3頁3.may/might/can/could表示可能.may/mightnot表示“可能不”,can/couldnot表示“不可能”eg.他可能不是老師.

他不可能是老師.Hemaynotbeateacher.Hecan’tbeateacher.?疑問句中用Can/Could/Might….?eg.Can/could/Mighthehavethekeytothedrawer?普通不用may,因?yàn)閙ay用于疑問句中只表示允許

eg.MayIsithere?MayIcomein?4.might,could表示輕微責(zé)備語氣.eg.Youmight/couldworkharder.Hecouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,evenifhewasbusy.5.在讓步狀語從句中慣用may表示“不論”,不用will,can等等.Whatevermaycome/Comewhatmay,weshouldbeconfident.Howevermuchtheymaydesireit,theycannotgetit.eg.Yourinformationmay/might/can/couldbevaluabletoourresearch第4頁1.must,will/would,should/oughtto表猜測eg.Thelightison.Theymustbeintheroom.Shedoesn’twanttoeatanything.Shewill/wouldbeill.Heleftatfiveinthemorning.Heoughtto/shouldbehomenow.?Allmenmustdie.人固有一死.Everymorning,themanwouldsitathisdesk,readingandwriting.2.must/should/oughtto1)必定句.表示義務(wù),“必須,應(yīng)該”.eg.在城市里開車,我們必須恪守交通規(guī)則.Wemustobeythetrafficruleswhendrivinginthecity.你們不準(zhǔn)在這隨地吐痰.Youmustn’tspithere.你現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該離開了,假如你不想誤火車.Yououghtto/shouldleavenow,ifyoudon’twanttomissthetrain.第5頁2)否定句,沒有必要做…Youneedn’t/don’thaveto/don’tneedtotellmetheanswer.3)疑問句,是否有必要做…?--MustIwaituntiltheycome?--Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto/don’tneedto.3.must對與愿望相反事不耐煩口氣,表示“偏偏,偏要”

eg.ThetelephonemustringwhenIwasbusyinthekitchen.

WhymustyouinterruptmenowandthenwhileIamspeaking?4.should“竟然會”,表示驚奇,遺憾語氣.I’msurprisedthatanyoneofyourintelligenceshouldbesofoolishastobelievethis.I’msorrythatthisshouldhavehappened.Itwasapitythatheshouldn’thaverealizedthecomplicationofthematter.第6頁shall,will,would1.表示意愿Weshall/willhaveapartytocelebrateMother’sbirthday.ShallIputthedesknearthewindow?Ifyouneedmoneybadly,Iwilllendyousome.eg.我們要辦個(gè)party來慶賀媽媽生日.我把書桌放在窗戶邊上好嗎?假如你急需要錢,我愿意借一點(diǎn)給你.2.問詢對方意愿eg.Will/wouldyouplayapartintheplay?Won’tyousitdown?Wouldyouliketohaveadrinkwithme?Wouldyoumindmytakingaphotoofyou?Iwonderifyouwill/wouldlendmeyourumbrella.第7頁3.won’t/wouldn’t用于人表示不愿意Hewouldn’ttakemyadviceevenifhethoughtitreasonable.Hewon’tgowithusnomatterhowhardwetrytopersuadehimto.?用于物,往往表示失去某項(xiàng)功效,或人意愿無法實(shí)現(xiàn).Thedoorwon’topen.Thecarwon’tstart.

NomatterhowhardItry,theinkwon’tcomeoutofthepen.Eg.他不愿意接收我意見,即使他認(rèn)為那是合理.不論我們怎樣試著說服他,他也不愿意和我們一起去.第8頁4.Shall用于第二,第三人稱表示說話人對于主語意志,如命令,警告,允諾.Myordershallbecarriedout.Youshallgetthereplyrightthisafternoon.比較 Hewillwaituntilhisteacherreturns. Heshallwaituntilhisteacherreturns.dare與need使用方法1.daredare作情態(tài)動詞(過去式為dared)多用于疑問,否定和條件句.Hedare/darednotwalkaloneatnight.Dareheclimbthetree?Ifyoudare(to)goanyfurtherintheforest.dare也能夠作實(shí)義動詞,但結(jié)構(gòu)不一樣.Hedoesn’t/didn’tdare(to)walkaloneatnight.Doeshedare(to)climbthetree??在普通陳說句中應(yīng)把dare用作實(shí)義動詞

Thelittlegirldarestospeakbeforealargeaudience.(主語意愿)(說話人意愿)第9頁２．need使用方法與dare類似,但用于實(shí)義動詞在否定句和疑問句中不省去to.Youneedn’tdo/don’tneedtodothejobifitistooeasy.Needthey/Dotheyneedtocomeagaintomorrow?Youneedtowatertheflowerseveryday.情態(tài)動詞+動詞不定式進(jìn)行式和完成式might/may/could/should/oughtto/would/will/mustbe+doing對正在進(jìn)行中動作推測(語氣由弱到強(qiáng)).Itistwelveo’clocknow.They…behavinglunchnow.2.might/may/could/should/oughtto/would/ will/must +havedoneHestartedthejobearlyinthemorning.He…h(huán)ave finisheditbynow.?必定句中不用canbedoing和canhavedone.第10頁3.Might/Can/Could...?表示對可能性疑問,但不用may.Might/Can/Couldtheyhavereceivedmytelegram?eg.她現(xiàn)在可能在等著我們吧?Might/Can/Couldshebeexpectingusnow?他可能已經(jīng)收到我電報(bào)了吧?4.may/mightnotbedoing/havedone可能不在做/沒有做過…can’t/couldn’tbedoing/havedone不可能在做/做過…Theycan’t/couldn’tbehavingdinnerintherestaurantnow.eg.他們可能現(xiàn)在不在餐館里吃飯.Theymay/mightnotbehavingdinnerintherestaurantnow.現(xiàn)在他們不可能在餐館里吃飯.Sheisalwayscareless.Shecan’thavelockedthedoor.她可能沒鎖門.你最好去看一看.Shemaynothavelockedthedoor.You’dbettergoandhavealook.她一向很粗心,不可能了鎖門.第11頁5.couldhavedone原來能夠…(能力為得到發(fā)揮)mighthavedone原來能夠…(因?yàn)榭陀^原因未做到)Icouldhavegivenyousomehelp.Whydidn’tyouaskme?Imighthavefinisheditearlier,butIcouldn’tsparemoretime.6.shouldhavedone,oughttohavedone本該做而未做…shouldn’thave