影像解剖-Posterior Abdominal Wall課件

PosteriorAbdominalWall

(P133-139,125-129)1.MusclespsoasmajorM.

(2)quadratuslumborumM(3)iliacusM2.Nerves1)subcostalN.2)lumbarN.3)lumbarplexus(1)position:deeptothepsoasmajorm.(2)formed:ventral

ramusofpartofT12,

L1-3andpartofL4,spinalnerves(3)branches*theN.emergingfromthemedialborderofthepsoasmajor:obturatorN.*theNN.emergingfromthelateralborderofthepsoasmajor:iliohypogastricN.ilioinguinalN.lateralfemoralcutaneousN.femoralN.*TheN.piercingtheanteriorsurfaceofpsoasmajor:genitofemoralN.4)SympatheticnerveSympathetictrunkgreatersplanchnicn.(T5/6-T9)

endstotheceliacganglion

lessersplanchnicn.(T10-T11)endstotheaorticorenalganglion3.Arteriesabdominalaorta---communicationwiththoracicaortaBranches:*Unpairedvisceral

br.

CeliactrunkSuperiormescentericInferiormescenteric*Pairedvisceralbr.

Renalaa.

Middlesuprarenal

aa.

Testicular/ovarianaa.*Parietalbr.

Inferiorphrenica.Lumbara.Mediansacrala.4.vein1)inferiorvenacava(1).Formedbytheunionofleftandrightcommoniliacveins(2).Itstributariesaccompanyingwithaa.(3)lefttesticularandleftsuprarenalv.→leftrenalv.rightvv.→IVChepaticv.→IVC**Unpairedvisceral

vv.(exceptliver)→portalv.2).leftandrightascendinglumbarveins5.Thoracicduct1)beginningatthecisternachyli,attheL1level2)formedbyleftandrightlumbartrunksandintestinaltrunk

protein,fat,dissolvinginfat

centrallactealsinthevilliofmucosaofsmallintestinemesentericnodessuperiormesentericnodesintestinaltrunk

cisternachylithoracicductleftvenousangleleftbrachiocephalicveinKidneysp.1251.position:1)tolieretroperitonealspace2)superiorandinferiorendsT11-L2(left),T12-L3(right)3)anterior:

spleen,pancreas,leftcolicflexure,stomach(left)

liver,descendingpartofduodenum,rightcolicflexure(right)4)posterior

12thribSup.to12thrib

diaphragmInf.to12thrib

psoasmajorquadratuslumborumtransversusabdominissubcostaln.iliohypogastricn.ilioinguinaln.2.Feature

bean-shaped1)2surfaces,2margins,2poles2).Renalhilum--(1).Atthemediamargin(2).Averticalcleft(3).Renala.,v.,renalpelvis,N.,L.andconnectivetissue.enteringandleavingtheRenalhilum---

renalpedicle(4).Relationshipofthesestructures---V.,A.,Pelvisanteroposterorly3).Renalsinus

Minorcalix腎小盞MajorcalixRenalpelvisRenala.andv.N.Fat3.CoronarysectionRenalcortex(腎皮質(zhì))RenalcolumnRenalmedulla(腎髓質(zhì))Renalpyramids(15-20)Renalpapilla4.CoversofthekidneyFibrousmembraneAdiposecapsuleRenalfascia5.RenalvesselandrenalsegmentsUreter1.

muscularducts2tolinksuperiorlyrenalpelvis;toendtourinarybladder3.3parts—abdominalpart,pelvicpart,andintramuralpart*4.3narrowpositions–constrictions1)atthejunctionoftheureterandrenalpelvis2)tocrosssup.apertureoflesserpelvis3)intramuralpartSuprarenalglandsToproduceepinephrine(腎上腺素)Norepinephrine(去甲腎上腺素)…Arteries:arisefromVein:drainsintoDiaphragm（P.129）1.position:Itliesbetweenthethoraciccavityandabdominalcavity,andformsthefloorofthethoraxandtheroofofabdomen.2.feature:Itisthedome-shapedupwards.

central

tendon—center,aponeurosis

peripheralmuscularportion(costalpart,lumbarpart,sternalpart)3.Threeopenings1)aortichiatusatthelevelof12ththoracicvertebra.

aorta,thoracicduct,andazygosveinpassthroughthehiatus.2)esophagealhiatusatthelevelofT10

esophagus,branchesoftheleftgastrica.and

v.and

vagus

passthroughth