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What
is
inverted
sentence?英語(yǔ)的自然語(yǔ)序:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)倒裝句:把謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前完全倒裝:將謂語(yǔ)部分的全部或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前。部分倒裝:僅把作用詞(如助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,系動(dòng)詞tobe等)放在主語(yǔ)之前。助動(dòng)詞:be,
do,
have情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:should,
ought
to,
shall,
will,
would,
can,could,
may,might,
must,
need,dare,
used
to等等?!荒軉为?dú)做謂語(yǔ),必須和實(shí)意動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞的起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。系動(dòng)詞:be,
look,
feel,
taste,
smell,
sound,等等。e部分倒裝1.
一般疑問(wèn)句Can
you
bring
me
my
umbrella?你能把 傘帶給我嗎?→
You
can
bring
me
my
umbrella.他在銀行工作嗎?Does
he
work
in
a
bank?→
He
works
in
abank.你來(lái)自于中國(guó)嗎?Are
you
from
China?/
Do
you
come
from
China?→
You
are
from
China./
You
come
from
China.2.
特殊疑問(wèn)句常用疑問(wèn)詞:what,who,
whose,
whom,
which,
when,
where,why,howWhen
will
there
be
lasting
peace
in
the
world?什么時(shí)候世界才能有持久的和平?→
There
will
be
lasting
peace…他每天早上幾點(diǎn)起床?What
time
does
he
get
up
every
morning?→
He
gets
up...你喜歡什么水果?What
fruit/
Which
fruit
do
you
like?→
I
like...3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句中的if被省略時(shí)Had
it
not
been
for
your
laziness,
you
could
have
finished
theassignment
by
now.如果不是你懶惰的話,你的作業(yè)到這會(huì)兒也能完成了?!?/p>
if
it
had
not
been
for
your
laziness,
you
could
have…Should
you
be
asked
about
this,
say
that
you
know
nothing.如果有人問(wèn)起你這件事,你就說(shuō)你什么都不知道?!?/p>
if
you
should
be
asked
about
this,
say…Were
I
to t,I’d t
someother
way.如果我要做,我會(huì)用其他方式去做?!?/p>
If
I
were
to
t,
I’d
t...4.以so開(kāi)頭的,表示“也一樣”,“也這樣”的句子我喜歡茶,她也喜歡.I
like
tea,
so
does
she.他們現(xiàn)在能游泳, 也能。They
can
swim
now,and
so
can
we.*
Attention:
如果只是對(duì)前面一句話內(nèi)容的肯定和同意,則無(wú)需倒裝。He
worksvery
hard.
Sohedoes.他工作很努力。是的。這個(gè) 非常重。確實(shí)是。The
parcel
is
very
heavy.
So
it
is.5.與“so”開(kāi)頭的句子反義,表示“…也不”時(shí),以neither或nor開(kāi)頭。我不喜歡咖啡,她也不喜歡.I
do
not
like
tea,
neither
does
she.“我沒(méi)帶錢?!薄拔乙矝](méi)帶。”話。expect
them
to
be‘I
don’t
have
any
money.’
‘Neither/Nor
.”我不希望孩子們沒(méi)禮貌,也不希望他們不聽(tīng)I(yíng)
don’t
expect
children
to
be
rude,
nordisobeyed.*
Attention:
neither…nor…
既不…也不…(to
be
continued)He
can
neither
read
nor
write.他既不會(huì)讀也不會(huì)寫。
=
He
cannot
read
or
write.對(duì)這個(gè)消息既沒(méi)有感到 ,也沒(méi)有覺(jué)得意外。Julie
was
neither
shocked
nor
surprised
by
the
news.neither
vs.
eitherSightseeing
is
best
done
either
by
tour
bus
or
by
bicycles.觀光最好要么乘游覽巴士,要么騎自行車。我在紐約和芝加哥住過(guò),但兩個(gè)城市我都不太喜歡。I
have
lived
in
New
York
and
Chicago,
but
don’t
like
either
cityvery
much.“我不會(huì)游泳?!薄拔乙膊粫?huì)?!薄甀
cannot
swim.’
‘I
can’teither.’6.so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)中,so在句首時(shí)So
easy
is
it
that
a
boy
can
learn
it.那很容易,小孩子都能學(xué)。他說(shuō)得很快, 簡(jiǎn)直聽(tīng)不清楚。So
rapidly
did
he
speak
that
we
could
hardly
understand
himclearly.*Attention:so…that…如果放在句中,則是正常語(yǔ)序。He
was
so
weak
that
hecould
hardly
stand
up.他身體太虛弱了以至于幾乎站不起來(lái)。7.
在以never,hardly,scarcely,no
sooner…than,rarely,barely,seldom,
not
only,not
until,
nor,little,nowhere,
by
no
means,
inno
way,at
no
time,
in
no
case,
under
no
circumstances等表示否定意義開(kāi)頭的句子,句子主謂部分倒裝。Never
have
I
come
across
such
a
difficult
problem.我還從沒(méi)有遇到過(guò)這樣 的問(wèn)題。我很少讀這種雜志。Seldom
read
su
agazines.No
soonerhad
hearrived
thanhefell
ill.他一到就病了。(to
be
continued)Not
until
the
game
had
begun
at
the
sports
ground.A.should
he
havearrived B.
hadhe
arrivedC.
did
he
arrive D.
would
he
had
arrived直到比賽開(kāi)始了他才來(lái)到賽場(chǎng)。By
no
means
produce
satisfactory
results.A.
will
this
method B.
this
method
will C.
should
this
methodD.
this
method
should這種方法決不會(huì)產(chǎn)生滿意的結(jié)果。*
Attention:他們不僅 了你,還打碎(smash)了所有東西。Notonly
didtheyrobyou,
they
smashedeverything.不僅你,我也喜歡這條裙子。Not
only
you
but
also
I
like
this
dress.(就近原則)他的父母都不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。Neither
his
father
nor
his
mother
spoke
English.在這次和上次的會(huì)上,他們都沒(méi) 這個(gè)話題。Neither
at
this
meeting
nor
at
the
previous
one
the
proposal.A.
they
did
not
discuss B.
did
they
discussC.
do
they
discuss D.
would
they
discuss總結(jié):在并列連接詞notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…等連接的句子中,如果notonly,neither放在句首,要用部分倒裝。但如果,當(dāng)位于句首的neither或notonly連接的是主語(yǔ)成分而不是句子時(shí),不需要倒裝。8.
以“only+狀語(yǔ)”開(kāi)頭的句子,句子主謂部分倒裝。改錯(cuò):Only
then
I
realized
the
importance
of
English.→
Only
then
did
I
realize
the
importance
of
English.只有在那時(shí)我才 英語(yǔ)的重要性。只有用這種方法 才可以解決問(wèn)題。Only
in
thisway
canwe
solvetheproblems.*
Attention:only如不在句首,或only修飾的不是狀語(yǔ),則不倒裝。完全倒裝1.
以here,
there,now,then等表示地點(diǎn),時(shí)間的副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭,以及out,in,
away,up,
down,bang等方位或擬聲詞開(kāi)頭的句子時(shí),一般句子全部倒裝。改錯(cuò):There
the
bus
comes!→
There
comes
the
bus!車來(lái)了!該輪到你了。Now
your
comes
turn.→Now
comes
your
turn.*
Attention:Here
you
are.給你。There
it
is.那就是。總結(jié):如果主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)就不倒裝。2.
在“there+be+主語(yǔ)”句子中。桌子上有五本書。There
are
five
books
on
the
table.原語(yǔ)序:Five
books
are
on
the
table.反義疑問(wèn)句1.
當(dāng)陳述部分有never,seldom,
hardly,few,little,
barely,scarcely,nothing,
none,
rarely,no,
not,
no
one,
nobody,neither等否定意義的詞匯時(shí),后面的反義疑問(wèn)句則為肯定形式。There
are
few
apples
in
the
basket,
are
there?He
can
hardly
swim,
can
he?They
seldom
come
late,
do
they?2.
當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為everyone,
someone,
anyone,
no
one等表示人的不定代詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用they或he。Everyone
in
your
family
is
a
teacher,
aren’t
they/
isn’t
he?3.
當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為everything,
something,
anything,
nothing等表示物的不定代詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)用itSomething
is
wrongwithyourwatch,
isn’t
it?4.
當(dāng)陳述部分含有如unhappy,dislike,
unfriendly等含有否定前后綴的詞時(shí),當(dāng)肯定句處理,疑問(wèn)部分用否定形式。他看上去不高興,不是嗎?He
looks
unhappy,
doesn’t
he?5.
當(dāng)陳述部分有l(wèi)ess,
fewer等詞,視為肯定詞。There
will
be
less
pollution,
won’t
there?6.
含有think,
believe,
suppose,
imagine,
expect等動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)從句,在構(gòu)成反義疑問(wèn)句時(shí),視情況而定。1)反問(wèn)從句I
expect
our
English
teacher
will
be
back
this
weekend,
won’tshe/he?We
suppose
you
have
bought
the
tickets,
haven’t
you?當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí),反問(wèn)從句。2)反問(wèn)主句They
don’t
believe
she
is
an
engineer,
do
they?,
didn’tYou
thought
they
could
have
finished
theyou?當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第二、三人稱時(shí),反問(wèn)主句。7.
祈使句當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時(shí),疑問(wèn)句要根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表達(dá),分三種情況。1)一般情況下用will
you
或won’t
you.幫我一下忙,好嗎?Give
me
a
hand,
will
you?不要關(guān)燈,好嗎?Don’tturn
the
lightsoff,
will
you?(to
be
continued)2)以let’s開(kāi)頭的祈使句(聽(tīng)話人包括在內(nèi)),疑問(wèn)句用shallwe
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