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ationation eZ430-RF2500-SEH SolarEnergy KitContents,eZ430-RF2500- WorkingWiththeeZ430- Getting PrepareSolarEnergyHarvester InstallSensorMonitorApplicationand Connect InstallCodeComposer InstalltheeZ430-RF2500-SEHSensorMonitorFirmware SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH- Functional SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)Figureand SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)Operating SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)Circuit PulseDischargeCurrentforaWirelessEnd eZ430-RF2500-SEHSensor MSP430 DownloadingFirmwaretothe PCSensorMonitor Energy Remaining Bar PCSensorMonitorApplicationSource FrequentlyAsked SLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulyListof1-eZ430-RF2500-SEH61-eZ430-RF2500-SEHDevelopmentTool73-SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)Block3-SolarEnergyHarvesterModuleConnections3-SolarEnergyHarvesterModule4-4-Bar4-Console4-Real-TimeNodeDatafromtheGraphWindow4-ConfigurationsWindowListof3-SEH-01OperatingCharacteristicsSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJuly Listof SubmitationationationSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulyReadReadIfYouNeedIfyouhaveanyfeedbackorquestions,supportfortheMSP430deviceandtheeZ430-RF2500isprovidedbytheTexasInstrumentsProductInformationCenter(PIC)andtheTIE2EForum( ContactinformationforthePICcanbefoundontheTIwebsiteathtt .Additionaldevice-specificinformationcanbefoundontheMSP430website SupportfortheSolarEnergyHarvestingTheSolarEnergyHarvestermodule(SEH-01)isaproductofCymbetCorporation.ForanyquestionsspecificallyontheSEH-01module,contactCymbetat . ationfromTexasTheprimarysourcesofMSP430informationarethedevice-specificdatasheetsanduser'sguides.Themostup-to-dateversionsoftheuser'sguide savailableatthetimeofproductionhavebeenprovidedontheCD-ROMincludedwiththistool.However,themostcurrentinformationisfoundatInformationspecifictotheeZ430-RF2500-SEHdevelopmenttoolcanbefoundMSP430deviceuser'sguidesandtheFETuser'sguide(SLAU157)maybeaccessedontheincludedCD-ROMundertheUser'sGuidessection.TheFETuser'sguideincludesdetailedinformationonsettingupaprojectfortheMSP430usingCodeComposerStudio.SimpliciTIisatrademarkofTexasAllothertrademarksarethepropertyoftheirrespective44ReadSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulyChapterSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulyeZ430-RF2500-SEHSolarEnergyTheeZ430-RF2500-SEHisacompleteSolarEnergyHarvestingdevelopmentkittohelpcreateaperpetuallypoweredwirelesssensornetworkbasedontheultra-low-powerMSP430microcontroller.TheSolarEnergyHarvestingmoduleincludesahigh-efficiencysolar(2.25inx2.25in)paneloptimizedforoperatingindoorsunderlow-intensityflorescentlights,whichprovidesenoughpowertorunawirelesssensorapplicationwithnoadditionalbatteries.Inputsarealsoavailableforexternalenergyharvesterssuchasthermal,piezoelectric,oranothersolarpanel.Thesystemalsomanagesandstoresadditionalenergyinapairofthin-filmrechargeableEnerChipswhicharecapableofdeliveringenoughpowerfor400+transmissions.TheEnerChipsa anenergybufferthatstorestheenergywhiletheapplicationissleeandhaslightavailabletoharvest.Thebatteriesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandcanberechargedthousandsoftimes.Theyalsohaveaverylowselfdischarge,whichisvitalforano-power,energyharvestingsystem.TheeZ430-RF2500isusedtoruntheenergyharvestingapplication.ItisacompleteUSB-basedMSP430wirelessdevelopmenttoolandprovidesallthehardwareandsoftwarenecessarytousetheMSP430F2274microcontrollerandCC25002.4-GHzwirelesstransceiver.ItincludesaUSBdebugginginterfacethatallowsforreal-time,in-systemdebuggingandprogrammingfortheMSP430,anditisalsotheinterfacetotransferdatatoaPCfromthewirelesssystem.TheintegratedtemperatureandRFsignalstrengthindicatorscanbeusedtomonitortheenvironment,andmanyexternalsensorscanbeusedtocollectadditionaldata.eZ430-RF2500-SEHEfficientsolarenergyharvestingmodulefortheeZ430-Battery-lessWorksinlowambient400+transmissionsinAdaptabletoanyRFnetworkorsensorInputsavailableforexternalharvesters(suchasthermalorUSBdebuggingandprogramminginterfacewithanapplicationbackchanneltothe18 ogandcommunicationsinput/outputHighlyintegrated,ultra-low-powerMSP430MCUwith16-MHzTwogreenandredLEDsforvisualInterruptiblepushbuttonforuserSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJuly eZ430-RF2500-SEH SubmitationKitContents,eZ430-RF2500-Figure1-1.eZ430-RF2500-KitContents,eZ430-RF2500-TwoeZ430-RF2500TwirelessOneeZ430-RFUSBdebuggingOneAAAbatterypackwithexpansionboard(batteriesOneSEH-01-DKSolarEnergyHarvestingOneMSP430DevelopmentToolCD ationanddevelopmenteZ430-RF2500-SEHDemoandSourceCodeeZ430-RF2500-SEHDevelopmentToolUser'sGuideeZ430-RF2500DevelopmentToolUser'sGuideMSP430x2xxFamilyUser'sGuideCodeComposerStudiov5.4forMSP430User'sGuideCodeComposerStudiov5.4NOTE:Forthelatestsoftwareandation,go /tool/ez430-rf2500- eZ430-RF2500-SEH SLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulySubmitationWorkingWiththeeZ430-Figure1-2.eZ430-RF2500-SEHDevelopmentToolWorkingWiththeeZ430-FordetailedinformationontheeZ430-RF2500WirelessDevelopmentTool,seeitsuser'sguide—theeZ430-RF2500DevelopmentToolUser'sGuide(SLAU227)includesthefollowinginformationthatisnotcoveredinthis:eZ430-RF2500TboardMSP430F2274andCC2500ListofeZ430emulatorsupportedMSP430applicationUARTDetailedeZ430-RF2500hardwareeZ430-RF2500eZ430-RF2500schematicsandSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJuly eZ430-RF2500-SEH SubmitationChapterSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulyGettingPrepareSolarEnergyHarvesterRemovetheBatteryEnablejumper,J8(seeFigure1-Placethesolarmoduleinawelllitlocationforatleastafewminutespriortouse.Iageindoorlighting,itmaytakeuptoonehourtofullychargethesystem.However,approximayfiveminutesshouldbesufficientforinitialstartup.InstallSensorMonitorApplicationandDownloadtheeZ430-RF2500-SEHDemoandSourceCode(SLAC219)fromtheeZ430-RF2500-SEHDevelopmentToolwgeorfromtheincludedCD.UnzipthearchiveandrunSEH-demo-setup-RespondtothepromptstoinstalltheOpentheeZ430-RF2500-SEHSensorMonitorprogram.AshortcutisavailableontheDesktopandintheStart underPrograms>TexasInstruments>eZ430-RF2500-SEHSensorMonitor.ConnectInserttheeZ430-RF2500intoaUSBportonthePC.ThisactsastheAccessIfpromptedforthedriverfortheMSP430ApplicationUART,allowWindowsto'Installthesoftwareautomatically'.ThisisonlypossibleiftheSensorMonitorhasalreadybeeninstalled.Formoreinformation,seeSection14,DetailedHardwareInstallationGuideintheeZ430-RF2500user'sguide(SLAU227).TheSensorMonitorPCapplicationshouldnowdetecttheMSP430ApplicationUARTontheappropriateCOMport,andthecenterbubbleintheprogramblinksoncepersecond.AttachthesecondeZ430-RF2500T boardtotheSolarEnergyHarvestingModule(SEH-01)onconnectorJ1.Allcomponentsonth sshouldbefaceup.AsecondbubbleshouldappearintheSensorMonitorwindowrepresenting Device.Ifthesecondbubbledoesnotappear,placetheSEH-01directlyunderabrightlightforafewsecondsandtryagain.Alsotryusingthebatterypacktomakesurethehardwareisprogrammedproperly.Bydefault, Devicetransmitsevery10seconds.Pushthebuttonon Devicetochangethetransmissiondutycycleinthefollowingintervals:10seconds,20seconds,40seconds,2minutes,4minutes,and5seconds.Coverthesolarpaneltoforcethesystemrunfromthestoredenergy.Thenumberofremainingtransmissionsisdisplayed.Whenfinished,removetheeZ430-RF2500TEndDevicefromtheSEH-01module,replacejumperonJ8,andcloseanyopenprograms.Fortroubleshootingtips,seeFrequentlyAsked Getting SLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulySubmitationInstallCodeComposer

InstallCodeComposerToeditanddownloadcodetotheMSP430,CodeComposerStudiov5.4orhighermustbeDownloadCodeComposerStudio /tool/ccstudioorfromtheincludedExtractthezipfileandruntheinstallationRespondtothepromptstoinstallthe IDETheeZ430-RF2500-SEHfirmwareisprovidedforbothCodeComposerStudioandIAREmbeddedWorkbench,andtheuserhastheoptiontoselecttheIDEoftheirchoice.However,thefirmwareislargerthanIARKickStart's4KBlimit,soafulllicenseofIARWorkbenchisrequiredtocompiletheapplicationusingIAR.AnevaluationversionofIARisavailablefromh ThisdescribesworkingwithonlyCodeComposerInstalltheeZ430-RF2500-SEHSensorMonitorFirmwareToedittheoriginalenergyharvestingproject,thesourcecodemustbeDownloadtheeZ430-RF2500-SEHDemoandSourceCode(SLAC219)fromtheeZ430-RF2500-SEHDevelopmentToolwgeorfromtheincludedCD.UnzipthearchiveandrunSEH-firmware-install-RespondtothepromptstoinstalltheFollowthestepsdescribedinSection4.1.1todownloadthefirmwaretotheSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJuly Getting SubmitationChapterSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulySolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-FunctionalThecoretechnologybehindtheSolarEnergyHarvestingmoduleisthephotovoltaicorsolarcellthatconvertsambientlightintoelectricalenergy.Theenergyfromthesolarcellmustbeconverted,managedandstored.ThisprocessishandledbytheEnerChipEHCBC5300,thesmallDIPmountedboardontheSolarEnergyHarvestingModule(SEH-01).Aboostconverterisusedtoincreasethevoltagefromthesolarcelltoasufficientleveltochargethethin-filmbatteryandruntherestofthesystem.TheChargeControlblockcontinuouslymonitorstheoutputoftheboostconverter.IftheoutputoftheboostconverterfallsbelowthevoltageneededtochargetheEnerChip,thechargecontrollerdisconnectstheboostconverterfromthesystemtopreventbackpoweringtheboostconverterinlowlightThePowerManagementblockpreventstheEnerChipfromdischargingtoodeeplyinlow-lightconditionsorunderabnormallyhighcurrentloads.Italsoensuresthattheloadispoweredupwithasmoothpower-ontransition.ThePowerManagementblockhasacontrolline,CHARGE,whichindicatestotheMSP430thatthesolarenergyharvesterisactivelychargingtheEnerChip.Thecontrollineinput,BATOFF,isavailablefortheMSP430toisolateitselffromtheEnerChiptoconservebatterylifeinprolongedlow-lightTheSolarEnergyHarvestingModulefeaturestwoEnerChipbatteriesmountedonth witha100-μAhrcapacityanda1000-μFcapacitorforhigh-currentpulsesduringwirelesstransmissions.UsingthepowermanagementstatusandcontrolsignalsontheSEH-01,thefirmwareontheMSP430hasbeenwrittentomaketheapplication'EnergyAware'to izetheoveralllifetimeofthesystem. Figure3-1.SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)BlockSolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)FigureandFigure3-2showstheconnectionstotheSolarEnergyHarvester SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH- SLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulySubmitation1Solar11Solar1J1ConnectorforJ1ConnectorforTIPin123Not4Not56J5ConnectorforPin12345ConnectorType:UprightJ7Pin1externalConnectorType:J8Pin1Positive2ConnectorType:TraceJ8Pin1Positive2ConnectorType:TracePT1Pin1Piezoinput2PiezoinputConnectorType:TraceJ5Connector:AlternateconnectionpointtopoweranexternaldeviceorformeasuringSEH-01outputJ7Connector:Tracetocut ternatesolarpanelisconnectedtoJ8Jumper:Batteryenablejumper—theshuntmustberemovedbeforethemoduleischarged.Thisconnectorc sobeusedtoconnect ternatesolarpaneltotheSEH-01.PT1Connector: ternatepiezoelectricenergyharvestingtransducercanbeconnected.ItcanbeconnectedinparallelwiththeSEH-01solarpanelbyleavingJ7intactorthepiezoelectrictransducercanbeusedstandalonebycuttingtheJ7trace.TheEnerChipEHCBC5300moduleismountedonaDIPsocketthatisremovablefromtheSolarEnergyHarvesting(SEH-01)board.ThepinsontheCBC5300arefragileandcaremustbetakenwhenremovingthemodule.SLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJuly SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH- SubmitationSolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)OperatingSolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)OperatingTable3-1showstheoperatingcharacteristicsoftheSolarEnergyHarvesterTable3-1.SEH-01OperatingInputluminousMinimumoperatingFullchargeParasiticloadBoostconverterBoostconverterAverageoutputpower1000lux(FL),batterynot200lux(FL),BatterynotOutputvoltage,2-μAload,BatteryVVBATchargingVBatterycutoff3VPulsedischarge20Selfdischargerate(non-recoverable25°C,Per%Operating0Recharge(to80%ofratedcapacity,4.1-Vchargevoltage)10%depth-of-50%depth-of-10%depth-of-50%depth-of-Rechargetime(to80%ofrated4.1-Vconstant8-μAdischarge;(1)Fluorescent(FL)lightconditionsspecificationssubjecttochangewithoutSolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH-01)CircuitFigure3-3showsaschematicoftheSolarEnergyHarvesterFigure3-3.SolarEnergyHarvesterModule SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH- SLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulySubmitationPulseDischargeCurrentforaWirelessEnd

PulseDischargeCurrentforaWirelessEndHighcurrentpulsesplacespecialdemandsonbatteries.Repeateddeliveryofpulsecurrentsexceeding mendedloadcurrentofagivenchemistrydiminishestheusefullifeofthecell.Theeffectscanbesevere,dependingontheamplitudeofthecurrentandtheparticularcellchemistryandconstruction.Pulsecurrentsoftensofmilliamperesarecommoninwirelesssensorsystemsduringtransmitandreceivemodes.Moreover,theinternalimpedanceofthecelloftenresultsinaninternalvoltagedropthatprecludesthecellfromdeliveringthepulsecurrentatthevoltagenecessarytooperatetheexternalcircuit.Onemethodofmitigatingsucheffectsistoplacealowequivalentseries (ESR)capacitoracrossthebattery.Thebatterychargesthecapacitorbetweendischargepulses,andthecapacitordeliversthepulsecurrenttotheload.Specifyingthecapacitanceforagivenbatteryinanapplicationisastraightforwardprocedureonceafewkeyparametersareknown.Thekeyparametersare:Batteryimpedance(attemperatureandstate-of-Batteryvoltage(asafunctionofstate-of-OperatingPulsecurrentPulsecurrentAllowablevoltagedropduringpulseTwoequationsareusedtocalculatetwounknownTheoutputcapacitanceneededtodeliverthespecifiedpulsecurrentofaknownThelatencytimethatmustbeimposedbetweenpulsestoallowthecapacitortoberechargedbytheBothformulasassumethatthecapacitorESRissufficientlylowtoresultinnegligibleinternalvoltagedropwhiledeliveringthespecifiedpulsecurrent;consequently,onlythebattery isconsideredintheformulausedtocomputecapacitorchargingtime,andonlytheload isconsideredwhencomputingthecapacitanceneededtodeliverthedischargecurrent.Thestepincreatingabattery-capacitorcoupleforpulse-currentapplicationsistosizethecapacitanceusingthefollowingformula:Dischargeformula:C=t/R×[–ln(Vmin/C=outputcapacitanceinparallelwithbatteryt=pulsedurationR= =VOUT(average)/VminandVmaxaredeterminedbythecombinationofthebatteryvoltageatagivenstate-of-chargeandtheoperatingvoltagerequirementoftheexternalcircuit.Oncethecapacitancehasbeendetermined,thecapacitorchargingtimecanbecalculatedusingthefollowingformula:Chargeformula:t=R×C×[–ln(1–Vmin/t=capacitorchargingtimefromVmintoVmaxR=batteryC=outputcapacitanceinparallelwithAgain,VminandVmaxarefunctionsofthebatteryvoltageandthecircuitoperatingspecifications.Batteryvariesaccordingtotemperatureandstate-of-chargeasdescribedabove.Worst-caseconditionsareoftenappliedtothecalculationstoensurepropersystemoperationovertemperatureextremes,batterycondition,capacitancetolerance,etc.SLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJuly SolarEnergyHarvesterModule(SEH- SubmitationChapterSLAU273D–January2009–RevisedJulyeZ430-RF2500-SEHSensorTheeZ430-RF2500-SEHSensorMonitorisafulldemonstrationapplicationthatincludesboththefirmwarefortheMSP430thattakesintoconsiderationtheconstraintsofrunninginanenergyharvestingenvironmentaswellasaPCapplicationthatcandisplayallconnectedwirelessnodesandthedatathattheyarereporting.BoththeMSP430firmwareandthePCapplication(bothbinaryandfullsource)areincludedinSLAC219.MSP430TheeZ430-RF2500-SEHSensorMonitorfirmwareispreloadedontheMSP430devicesandconsistsofawirelesstemperaturesensornetworkandmaybereprogrammedatanytime.ThenetworkconsistsofanAccessPointthatmeasuresitsowntemperatureandalsoreceivesdatafromEndDevices.EndDevicesmeasuretheirowntemperatureperiodicallyandthenenterlow-powermodetoreduceenergyconsumption.TheAccessPointreceivestheinformationandtransmitsittothePCthroughUSB.SimpliciTI?istheRFnetworkprotocolusedtoestablishthenetwork.FormoreinformationonSimpliciTI, DownloadingFirmwaretotheThefirmwarecomespreloadedontotheMSP430devices;however,itcanberestoredwiththefollowingsteps.ThesourcecodewillbeinstalledonthePCwiththesetupprogramincludedinSLAC219.OpenCodeComposerOpenanyavailableImporttheprojecttotheClickProject>OpenExistingProject>Navigatetothesourcecodelocation.ThedefaultlocationEnsure"SEHSensorMonitor"isselectedunderClickConnectoneoftheeZ430-RF2500TboardstotheeZ430EmulatorandplugitintoaUSBportonthecomputer.Right-clicktheprojectname"SEHSensorMonitor"intheProjectExplorerpanelandclickBuildConfigurations>SetActive>EndDevice-Debug.ClickProject>ClickRun>DebugActiveClicktheTerminatebutton(redsquareinthetopleft'Debug'view)toterminatethedebuggingRemovetheeZ430-RF2500Tboardfromtheemulator.IthasnowbeenprogrammedasConnectthesecondeZ430-RF2500TboardtotheeZ430EmulatorandplugitintoaUSBportonthecomputer.IfnotalreadyintheCCSEdit,returntoitbyclickingtheCCSEditbuttonatthetopright