考研考博-英語(yǔ)-新疆工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-新疆工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thestudentsareallfrom（

）countries,suchasSingapore,India,KoreanandJapan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.developing

B.oriental

C.island

D.Christian

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。developing“發(fā)展中的”；oriental“東方的；東方人的”；island“島的”；Christian“基督教的；信基督教的”。句意：這些學(xué)生都來自東方國(guó)家，比如新加坡、印度、韓國(guó)、還有日本。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoEnglish.

眾所周知，莎士比亞(Shakespeare)是英國(guó)著名的偉大作家，在很多國(guó)家，他的許多作品擁有眾多讀者。我想大家都看過他的著名作品《羅米歐與朱麗葉》（RomeoandJuliet),他們之間的愛情令人永生難忘。朱麗葉似乎舍不得羅米歐離開她，正像羅米歐不愿意離開他的朱麗葉一樣，對(duì)于情人來說，最甜蜜的音樂就是他們?cè)谝归g互吐衷腸的聲音。

我們每個(gè)人都應(yīng)活在這個(gè)充滿愛的世界里，因此，我們每時(shí)每刻都需要你的關(guān)愛、你的祈禱和鼓勵(lì)。我們要相互尊重，相互幫助。我們必須珍惜人生，珍惜生命。因?yàn)樯鼘?duì)每個(gè)人來說都只有一次。所以我們都要過一種有意義的生活。如果人生的不幸降臨到你的頭上，請(qǐng)你也不要放棄，你一定要勇敢地生活，戰(zhàn)勝疾病。幸福永遠(yuǎn)屬于那些對(duì)生命執(zhí)著追求的人。

【答案】Asisknowntoall,ShakespeareisafamousandgreatBritishwriter,withnumerousreadersinmanycountries.I’msurethateveryonehasalreadyreadhismasterpiece,RomeoandJuliet.ThelovebetweenRomeoandJulietisalwaysunforgettable.JulietseemstobereluctanttoletRomeogofromherasRomeoisunwillingtopartfromhisJuliet.Forlovers,thesweetestmusicisthesoundofeachother’stongueatnight.

Eachofusdeservestoliveinaworldoflove,soweneedyourlove,yourprayersandyourencouragement,mutualrespectandaidallthetime.Wemustcherishlife,forthereisonlyonelifeforeveryone.Therefore,thelifetimeshouldbespentinameaningfulway.Nomatterwhatkindofmisfortunebefallsyou,donotgiveup,instead,youmustlivebravelytoconquerdisease.Happinessalwaysbelongstothosewhopursuelifepersistently.

3.單選題

（

）threebasicissuesoffinancialbonds:corporations,states,andmunicipalities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Someof

B.Thereare

C.Therebeing

D.Thoseofwhich

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)固定句型therebe“有”，表示存在，可排除A和D項(xiàng)，又因?yàn)檎麄€(gè)句子缺主謂，所以不能用非謂語(yǔ)形式，可排除C項(xiàng)。句意：金融債券有三種基本發(fā)行方式:公司債券、國(guó)家債券和市政債券。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單選題

Ministersalsohopedthatemployerswouldcutoutovermanningandrootoutinefficiency,evenifthisledtoatemporary（

）inunemployment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excess

B.surge

C.lure

D.spur

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)excess“超過，過量”；B選項(xiàng)surge“洶涌；波濤；激增”；C選項(xiàng)lure“誘惑；餌”；D選項(xiàng)spur“馬刺；鞭策；支線”。句意：部長(zhǎng)們還希望雇主們能減少人員過剩，根除低效率，即使這會(huì)導(dǎo)致失業(yè)人數(shù)短暫······。句中“cutourovermanningandrootoutinefficiency（減少人員過剩，根除低效率）”會(huì)造成失業(yè)人口猛增，因此B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.單選題

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspaceandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationsliveinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutfromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecentrerofthings,andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalfpastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe“quietlife”byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehindtheyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangesandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring“morning”tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere’smycat,Toby.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthosehealthymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor（

）.

2.Intheauthor’sopinionthefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappyEXCEPT（

）.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuythefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages?

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.worksinthecity

D.livesinthecountry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.astrongsenseoffear

B.lackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.dailynecessities

B.freshfruits

C.designerclothes

D.freshvegetables

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Original.

B.Quiet.

C.Arrogant.

D.Insensitive.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Yes,hewilldoso

B.No,hewillnotdoso

C.Itisdifficulttotell

D.Heisintwominds

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段:Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity(我是眾多城市人中的一員，如果要做選擇的話，我們寧愿住在遠(yuǎn)離大城市的塵土和噪音的鄉(xiāng)村)。說明作者是在城里工作。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。定位至第二段。Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappear,peopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhellotoeachother,由此推測(cè)B項(xiàng)(lackofcommunication)是原因之一。Themajorityofthepopulationliveinmassivetowerblocks，noisy,dirtyandimpersonal,,Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats,由此推測(cè)C項(xiàng)(housingconditions)也是原因之一。Children,，coopedupathomeallday，，theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld，由此推測(cè)D項(xiàng)(asenseofisolation)也是原因之一。故選A。

3.推斷題。第三段指出:Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown(住在一個(gè)小村莊里，購(gòu)物是一個(gè)大問題，即使只是稍微特別的物品，人們也必須到附近大城鎮(zhèn)去買),由此推測(cè)在鄉(xiāng)村不容易買到的東西應(yīng)是designerclothes。

4.推斷題。第四段說:Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangesandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.’即他們一般還是比較敏感的...他們也把某些改變強(qiáng)加給當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)村居民。故選C項(xiàng)Arrogant（驕橫的）比較合適。

5.推斷題。最后一段:I’mkeenontheidea...No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening,作者說他一點(diǎn)也不確定他的貓會(huì)接受新鮮空氣，在長(zhǎng)草中鍛煉,并且在后面用貓來作了否定的答復(fù)。由此推測(cè)作者不會(huì)去農(nóng)村生活。

6.單選題

Hemanagedto（）hiswayintoheraffection.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tail

B.worm

C.wolf

D.rocket

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)tail“尾隨，裝上尾巴”；B選項(xiàng)worm“使蠕動(dòng)，使緩慢、曲折前進(jìn)”；wormone’swayinto“隱藏真正的意圖混入某個(gè)地區(qū)或組織，混入，費(fèi)一番功夫打入”，例如：Hemanagetowormhiswayintoherlife.（他設(shè)法騙取信任進(jìn)入了她的生活。）；C選項(xiàng)wolf“大吃，狼吞虎咽地吃”；D選項(xiàng)rocket”迅速增加，飛速移動(dòng)”。句意：他設(shè)法贏得他的喜愛。由選項(xiàng)意思和固定搭配可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.單選題

U.S.PresidentRonaldReaganhasaconvincingandheart-warmingsmile.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abewildering

B.apersuasive

C.afactitious

D.anempathetic

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.abewildering一個(gè)讓人困惑的（微笑）B.apersuasive一個(gè)讓人信服的（微笑）

C.afactitious一個(gè)虛假的（微笑）D.anempathetic一個(gè)共情的（微笑）

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】劃線部分修飾的是smile“微笑”，并且與heart-warming“暖心的；感人的”并列，原詞convincing“令人信服的”，因此，B選項(xiàng)apersuasive“一個(gè)讓人信服的（微笑）”最符合原句句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)abewildering“一個(gè)讓人困惑的（微笑）”，與heart-warming“暖心的；感人的”語(yǔ)義不搭，且不符合原句句意；

C選項(xiàng)afactitious“一個(gè)（虛假的）微笑”，與heart-warming“暖心的；感人的”語(yǔ)義不搭，且不符合原句句意；

D選項(xiàng)anempathetic“一個(gè)共情的（微笑）”，不符合原句句意。

【句意】美國(guó)總統(tǒng)羅納德?里根（RonaldReagan）的笑容令人信服，令人感動(dòng)。

8.單選題

TherapidgrowthofFlorida’scitieshascausedthestate’sroadsandhighwaystobecome（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wornout

B.impassable

C.congested

D.muffled

【答案】C

【解析】wornout疲憊不堪的,耗盡的；impassable不能通行的；congested堵塞的,擁擠的；muffled聽不清的,蒙住的。句意：佛羅里達(dá)州城市的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致該州的道路和高速公路變得擁擠不堪。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

A(n)（

）testisaroughmeasureofachild’scapacityforlearning,particularlyforlearningthekindsofthingsrequiredatschool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.proficiency

B.intelligence

C.psychology

D.speed

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：智力測(cè)試是對(duì)兒童學(xué)習(xí)能力的大致評(píng)估，尤其是對(duì)學(xué)校所要求的科目的學(xué)習(xí)能力。proficiency“熟練度”；intelligence“智力”；psychology“心理學(xué)”；speed“速度”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

Hetoldastoryabouthissisterwhowasinasad（）whenshewasillandhadnomoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.plight

B.polarization

C.plague

D.pigment

【答案】A

【解析】plight困境；polarization兩極分化；plague瘟疫，災(zāi)禍；pigment顏料，色素。inasadplight指處于困境。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.單選題

It’sapparentthatthewoodenbridgeisnotstrongenoughto（

）theweightofalorry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.retain

B.sustain

C.obtain

D.maintain

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)retain“保持”；B選項(xiàng)sustain“維持，支撐，承受”；C選項(xiàng)obtain“獲得，流行”；D選項(xiàng)maintain“維持，繼續(xù)”。

句意：很明顯，這座木橋不夠堅(jiān)固，承受不了一輛卡車的重量。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.翻譯題

1.社會(huì)需要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)樗陌l(fā)展基于優(yōu)勝劣汰。

2.在過去的十幾年里，可能沒有任何其他話題比領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)更受到管理研究者的關(guān)注。

3.必須采取更嚴(yán)厲的措施來防止假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品充斥市場(chǎng)。

4.沒有現(xiàn)代科技的運(yùn)用，我們國(guó)家的工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和國(guó)防現(xiàn)代化的實(shí)現(xiàn)是難以想象的。

5.我們正享受著前所未有的生產(chǎn)力，但這并不意味著我們有權(quán)利奢侈浪費(fèi)。

【答案】1.TheSocietyneedscompetitionbecauseitsdevelopmentisbasedontheprincipalofthesurvivalofthefittest.

2.Inthelastdecadeorso,perhapsnoothertopichasreceivedmoreattentionfrommanagementresearchersthantheartofleadership.

3.Moreseveremeasuresmustbetakentopreventfakeandinferiorproductsfromfloodingintothemarket.

4.Withouttheapplicationofmodernscienceandtechnology,themodernizationofourcountry’sindustry,agricultureandnationaldefenseisbeyondimagination.

5.Weareenjoyingunprecedentedlevelsofproductivity,butthatdoesn’tmeanthatwehavetherighttobeextravagant.

13.單選題

MRBROWNTall,attractiveman,single,aged30.Outdoortype,sports-loving.Playsfootball,tennisandsquash.Enjoysswimmingandskiing.Beerdrinker.PEinstructoratboys’school.

MRGREENUnemployed,unmarried,undernourishedEnglishLit.graduate,aged23.Indoortype,plays‘DungeonsandDragons’andanyotherrole-playingadventuregames.Enjoysrockandjazzrecordsandsci-fifilmsandbooks.LivesinLondon.

MRBLACKMaturemanof50,recentlywidowedwithonesonof15.Ownbusinessandhome.Enjoysbridge,Frenchfoodandgoodclaret.Verysociable,likesentertainingandtravel.Citydweller

MRWHITEQuiet,shy,peace-lovingman,aged35.Divorced,non-smoker.Ecologist,livesandworksinthecountry.Enjoyschess,walkingandreading.Likeseighteenth-centuryclassicalmusicanddrywhitewine.Dislikesnoiseandenergeticsports.

1.Whichonewouldmostprobablyappealtoayoungwomanof25whodoesn’tlikelivingintownandwhoenjoysplayingsports?

2.Mr.Blackismostlikelytobeattractedto（）.

3.WhichofthesewomenstudentswouldprobablyfindMr.Greeninteresting?

4.Whichonewouldmostprobablyappealtoawomanof30whousedtobeavolleyballplayerandnowisarefereeofthegame?

5.Whatkindofpublicationmightthesepeopleadvertisein?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Mr.Brown.

B.Mr.Black.

C.Mr.Green.

D.Mr.White.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.anattractivewidowwhoisveryshy

B.afun-loving,intelligentwoman

C.aprettywomanwhohatestravelling

D.abusinesswomanwhoisastrictvegetarian

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Alawstudentwhoitverylogicalandpractical.

B.Adreamy,romanticmusicstudentwhodislikespopmusic.

C.Anenergetic,sociologystudent,interestedinpolitics.

D.Anamusing,carefreeartstudentwhoisfun-loving.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Mr.Brown.

B.Mr.Black.

C.Mr.Green.

D.Mr.White.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Aqualitydailynewspaper.

B.Abusinessmagazine.

C.Apopularweeklymagazine.

D.Atradejournal.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)MRBROWN的介紹：三十歲，單身，又高又有魅力，性格外向，愛好運(yùn)動(dòng)。這些都符合25歲女性的選擇，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第2題:判斷推理題。文章對(duì)MRBLACK的介紹是這樣的：50歲，喪妻，有一個(gè)15歲的兒子；有自己的公司和家，喜歡橋牌、法國(guó)食物和紅酒；善于交際，喜歡娛樂和旅行；城市居民?？梢酝茰y(cè)出“聰明有趣的女人”會(huì)吸引他的注意。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第3題:判斷推理題。文章對(duì)MRGREEN的介紹是這樣的：沒有工作，沒有結(jié)婚，英國(guó)文學(xué)素養(yǎng)不高的23歲畢業(yè)生；性格內(nèi)向，喜歡玩“龍與地下城”及其他冒險(xiǎn)類游戲；喜歡搖滾和爵士唱片，科幻電影和書籍；居住在倫敦。由此可知和他具有相同愛好的女學(xué)生會(huì)對(duì)他比較感興趣，因此選項(xiàng)D“有趣，無憂無慮，喜歡有趣的東西的藝術(shù)生”符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章對(duì)MRBROWN的介紹中提到他是“男子學(xué)校的體育教練”（PEinstructoratboys’school），與題干中的“avolleyballplayer”以及“arefereeofthegame”很匹配，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。文章是一篇征婚交友啟事，因此刊登在“流星周刊”合適，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.寫作題

Inthepastfewyears,severalplagiarism（抄襲,剽竊）caseshavebeenexposedinChina.Someinvolveprofessorsandfamousscholarswhilesomeothersinvolvegraduatestudentswhoareworkingasresearchers.Pleasewriteacompositionofnolessthan200wordsonyourattitudetowardsplagiarism.Youmayalsoillustrateyouropiniononacademicintegrity（正直）andgivesuggestionsonhowtopreserveitintheacademicworld.

【答案】Plagiarism15.單選題

Sinceitistoolatetochangemymindnow,Iam（）tocarryingouttheplan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resolved

B.engaged

C.obliged

D.committed

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。beresolvedto“決心……”；beengagedin“忙于做……”；beobligedto“不得不；有義務(wù)”；becommittedto“致力于……”。Since引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，“由于已經(jīng)來不及改變主意了”，所以空格處所在的句子表示“執(zhí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃”，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

16.單選題

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowwellhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttorulersbyancientwriters,whorelatedhowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregiventoChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.Theparableofthissemi-animal,semi-humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnatures,andthattheonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps;andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andwhenthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist,ifmenwereallgood,thispreceptwouldnotbegood;butastheyarebad;andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegitimategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishedtoshowcolorableexcuseforthenonfulfillmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andshowhowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanypromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthemselvestobedeceived.

1.Theauthorofthepassagedoesnotbelievethat（

）.

2.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare

（

）.

3.Thefox,inthispassage,is

（

）.

4.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust

（

）.

5.Thewriterwouldapproveanunsuccessfulpoliticalcandidate（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.peoplecanprotectthemselves

B.thetruthmakesmenfree

C.leadershavetobeconsistent

D.princesatehuman

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toiltrusting

B.strongandcareful

C.reliantonforce

D.lackinginintelligence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhistrick

D.consideredworthless

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.tellthepeoplethetruthabouthisopponent

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.gaveupallhisopportunities

B.promisedtotryagainnexttime

C.overthrewthegovernmentbyforce

D.toldthepeoplethetruthabouthisopponent

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者不認(rèn)為……”。文章提到有兩種方式來戰(zhàn)斗，一是法律，即文斗，一是暴力，即武斗。并且用狐貍來比喻文斗，獅子比喻武斗，而一個(gè)成功的王子必須在這兩種方法中自由切換，但是并沒有提及到“吃人”，因此選項(xiàng)D“王子吃人”的說法是錯(cuò)誤的，符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“獅子代表的是哪類人”。文章提到“王子應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)像野獸一樣管理國(guó)家，要模仿狐貍和獅子，因?yàn)楠{子無法避免陷阱，而狐貍無法從狼群中脫身”（Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps;andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves），獅子代表的是力量，即武斗，因此選項(xiàng)C“依賴武力”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“文章中狐貍是……”。文章提到管理者必須要學(xué)會(huì)文斗與武斗，狐貍代表的是文斗，可知作者對(duì)狐貍是贊賞的，因此選項(xiàng)A“因它的計(jì)謀而受到贊賞”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者暗示一個(gè)成功的統(tǒng)治者應(yīng)該……”。文章提到“當(dāng)守誠(chéng)信會(huì)讓自己的利益受損時(shí)，精明的統(tǒng)治者可以不講誠(chéng)信”（Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest），因此選項(xiàng)B“欺騙與撒謊”符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題目問的是“作者會(huì)贊成一個(gè)失敗的政治候選人……”。文章提到“當(dāng)文斗行不通的時(shí)候，人們會(huì)選擇第二種方式，即武斗”（butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond），選項(xiàng)C“用武力推翻政府”符合題意。

17.單選題

IftheAmericanswiththeirpeacetalksdogetthepartiestogether,theirfirstbusinesswillbetoarrangea（

）sothatfoodcanmove.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.truth

B.trace

C.truce

D.trap

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。truth意為“真理”；trace意為“痕跡，蹤跡”；truce意為“休戰(zhàn)”；trap意為“陷阱，詭計(jì)”。

句意：如果美國(guó)人的和平會(huì)談使政黨團(tuán)結(jié)，他們的第一要?jiǎng)?wù)是安排休戰(zhàn)，這樣食品才能運(yùn)輸。

18.單選題

ByeducationImeantheinfluenceoftheenvironmentupontheindividualtoproduceapermanentchangeinthehabitsofbehavior,ofthoughtandofattitude.Itisinbeingthussusceptibletotheenvironmentthatmandiffersfromtheanimals,andthehigheranimalsfromthelower.Theloweranimalsareinfluencedbytheenvironmentbutnotinthedirectionofchangingtheirhabits.Theirinstinctiveresponsesarefewandfixedbyheredity.Whentransferredtoanunnaturalsituation,suchananimalisledastraybyitsinstincts.Thustheant-lionwhoseinstinctimpliesittoboreintoloosesandbypushingbackwardwithabdomen,goesbackwardsonaplateofglassassoonasdangerthreatens,andendeavors,withtheutmostexertionstoboreintoit.Itknowsnoothermodeoffightorifsuchalonelyanimalisengageduponachainofactionsandisinterrupted,iteithergoesonvainlywiththeremainingactions(asuselessascultivatinganunsownfield)ordiesinhelplessinactivity.Thusanet-makingspiderwhichdigsaburrowandrimsitwithabastionofgravelandbitsofwood,whenremovalfromahalf-finishedhome,willnotbeginagain,thoughitwillcontinueanotherburrow,evenonemadewithapencil.

Advancedinthescaleofevolutionalongsuchlinesasthesecouldonlybemadebytheemergenceofcreatureswithmoreandmorecomplicatedinstincts.Suchbeingsweknowintheantsandspiders.Butanotherlineofadvancewasdestinedtoopenoutamuchmorefar-reachingpossibilityofwhichwedonotseetheendperhapseveninman.Habits,insteadofbeingbornready-made(Whentheyarecalledinstinctsandnothabitsatall)wereleftmoreandmoretotheformativeinfluenceoftheenvironment,ofwhichthemostimportantfactorwastheparentwhonowcaredfortheyounganimalduringaperiodofinfancyinwhichvaguerinstinctsthanthoseoftheinsectsweremodeledtosuitsurroundingswhichmightbeconsiderablychangedwithoutharm.

Thismeans,onemightatfirstimagine,thatgraduallyhereditybecomeslessandenvironmentmoreimportant.Butthisishardlythetruthandcertainlynotthewholetruth.Foralthoughfixedautomaticresponseslikethoseoftheinsect-likecreaturesarenolongerinherited,althoughselectionforpurificationofthatsortisnolongergoingon,yetselectionforeducabilityisverydefinitelystillofimportance.Theabilitytoacquirehabitscanconceivablyinheritjustasmuchascandefiniteresponsestonarrowsituations.Environmentandheredityareinnocaseexclusivebutalwayssupplementaryfactors.

58.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

59.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexampleoftheant-lion?

60.Basedontheexampleprovidedinthepassage,wecantellthatwhenaspiderisremovedtoanewpositionwherehalfofanethasbeenmade,itwillprobably____.

61.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouthabits?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheEvolutionofInsects.

B.EnvironmentandHeredity.

C.Education:TheInfluenceoftheEnvironment.

D.TheInstinctsofAnimals.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Instinctsofanimalscanleadtounreasonablereactionsofanimalsinastrangesituation.

B.Whenitisengagedinachainactionsitcannotbeinterrupted.

C.Environmentandheredityaretwosupplementaryfactorsintheevolutionofinsects.

D.Alongthelinesofevolutionhereditybecomeslessandenvironmentmoreimportant.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.beginacompletenet

B.destroythehalf-madenet

C.spintherestofthenet

D.stayawayfromthenet

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarenaturalendowmentstolivingcreature.

B.Theyaremoreimportantthaninstinctstoallanimals.

C.Theyaresubjecttheformativeinfluenceoftheenvironment.

D.Theyaredestinedtoopenoutamuchmorefar-reachingpossibilityintheevolutionofhumanbeings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】58.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。這是一篇科技性的文章，從文中內(nèi)容可知，作者是在講外部環(huán)境和遺傳是互補(bǔ)的因素，主要是為了說明兩個(gè)生物和遺傳學(xué)中重要的概念：先天的“本能”(instinct)和后天的“習(xí)慣”(habit)，以及它們之間相互的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A“昆蟲的進(jìn)化”可以排除掉，文章的主題顯然不是討論昆蟲的進(jìn)化。選項(xiàng)C“教育：環(huán)境的影響”，D“動(dòng)物的本能”都分別是文章討論的一個(gè)側(cè)面，也可以排除。所以應(yīng)該選B“環(huán)境和遺傳”，從全篇文章尤其是最后一句都明確表現(xiàn)出文章“環(huán)境和遺傳”這一主題。

59.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。本題可參照第一段中間一句話ifsuchalonelyanimalisengageduponachainofactionsandisinterrupted,iteithergoesonvainlywiththeremainingactions…ordiesinhelplessinactivity（如果這樣一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的動(dòng)物在一連串的行動(dòng)中被打斷，它要么徒勞地繼續(xù)剩下的行動(dòng)……要么在無助的無為中死去），從中可知，蟻獅會(huì)執(zhí)著地做出本能的反應(yīng)。因此A項(xiàng)“當(dāng)它參與連鎖行動(dòng)時(shí)它不能受到干擾”為正確答案。B項(xiàng)“動(dòng)物的本能會(huì)導(dǎo)致動(dòng)物在陌生的情況下做出不合理的反應(yīng)”，C項(xiàng)“環(huán)境和遺傳在昆蟲進(jìn)化中是兩個(gè)補(bǔ)充因素”，D項(xiàng)“沿著進(jìn)化方向遺傳作用變小環(huán)境變得更為重要”，皆與文章不符。

60.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。文章第一段最后一句Thusanet-makingspiderwhichdigsaburrowandrimsitwithabastionofgravelandbitsofwood,whenremovalfromahalf-finishedhome,willnotbeginagain,…（一只織網(wǎng)的蜘蛛在挖洞的時(shí)候，用沙礫和木屑筑起一個(gè)堡壘，當(dāng)它從一個(gè)半成品的家里搬走時(shí)，它不會(huì)再開始……），可知當(dāng)一只蜘蛛建造它的小巢的工作進(jìn)行到一半的時(shí)候，到了一個(gè)新的環(huán)境，它不會(huì)重新開始修建另一個(gè)巢穴，而是會(huì)繼續(xù)完成一個(gè)半成品的巢穴，這是動(dòng)物的本能的反映。依此類推，當(dāng)人們把一只蜘蛛從一個(gè)織了一半的網(wǎng)上拿到另外一個(gè)織了一半的網(wǎng)上的時(shí)候，它顯然會(huì)在本能的驅(qū)使下把那個(gè)織了一半的網(wǎng)完成。因此C項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)織剩下的網(wǎng)”，為正確答案。A項(xiàng)“開始織一個(gè)完整的網(wǎng)”，B項(xiàng)“摧毀織了一半的網(wǎng)”，D項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)”，均不符合文意。

61.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題?？蓮牡诙巫詈笠痪銱abits,insteadofbeingbornready-made(Whentheyarecalledinstinctsandnothabitsatall)wereleftmoreandmoretotheformativeinfluenceoftheenvironment,ofwhichthemostimportantfactorwastheparentwhonowcaredfortheyounganimalduringaperiodofinfancyinwhichvaguerinstinctsthanthoseoftheinsectsweremodeledtosuitsurroundingswhichmightbeconsiderablychangedwithoutharm（習(xí)慣，而不是天生的現(xiàn)成的（當(dāng)它們被稱為本能而不是習(xí)慣的時(shí)候），