考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Asaresult,theyhadto（）answeringtheirletterbythreedays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decide

B.refrain

C.surpass

D.delay

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。選項(xiàng)中只有delay后面可以接動(dòng)名詞。句意：他們不得不推遲三天回信。所以本題選D。

2.單選題

Thepovertylineistheminimumincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.

Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.

Foronething,morethanhalfofthepoorpeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowork.Over40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Bylaw,childrenlessthan16yearsoldcannotworkinmanyindustries.Alargenumberofpoorpeopleareold.Manycompaniesdonothirepeopleover65yearsold,thenormalretirementage.

Somepooradultsdonotlookforjobsforavarietyofpersonalreasons:theyaresick,theydonothaveanymotivation,theyhavefamilyproblems,ortheydonotbelievethattheycanfindajob.

Otherpoorpeoplelookforajobbutcannotfindone.Manypooradultsneverwenttohighschool.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,theyhavefewskillsthattheycanoffer.

Atthepresenttime,thegovernmentthinksitcanreducepovertyinthecountryinthefollowingways.

First,ifthenationaleconomygrows,businessesandindustrieshiremoreworkers.Someofthepoorwhoarequalifiedtolookforjobsmayfindemployment.Thentheywillnolongerbebelowthepovertyline.

Second,ifsocietyinvestsinthepoor,thepoorwillbecomemoreproductive.Ifthegovernmentspendsmoneyonsocialprograms,education,andtrainingforpoorpeople,thepoorwillhavetheskillstooffer.Thenitismorelikelythattheycanfindjobs.

Finally,ifthegovernmentdistributessociety’sincomedifferently,itraisessomepoorpeopleabovethepovertyline.Thegovernmentcollectstaxesfromthenon-poorandgivesmoneytothepoor.Thesepaymentstothepoorarecalledwelfare.In1975over18millionpeopleintheUnitedStatesreceivedwelfare.

Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeopledependonwelfareforaminimallyacceptablestandardofliving.

1.Theauthor'smainpurposetowritethisarticleis（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Morethan40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Thisismainlybecause（）.

4.MostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause（）.

5.Wemayconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.todefine(下定義)whatthepovertylineis

B.toexplainwhysomepeoplelivethepovertyline

C.tofindsolutionstotheproblemofpoverty

D.toshowsympathyforthosepoorpeople

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.TenpercentoftheAmericansliveapoorlife.

B.Poorpeoplearethosewholivebelowthepovertyline.

C.Thepovertylinerisesasthegeneralstandardoflivingrises.

D.Thepovertylinetendstobeatthesamelevel.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydonothaveenoughmotivation

B.theyaresoyoungthattheydon’thavetherighttowork

C.theyfailtogetenougheducation

D.theyareverypoorinhealth

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theydonothaveanymotivationtowork

B.theyarenotveryself-confident

C.theyaretooyoungortoooldtowork

D.theyhavephysicalandfamilyproblems

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.bettersolutionstothepovertyproblemarenotyetfound

B.welfarewillenablethemtoberich

C.poorpeoplearesuretogooutofthepovertylineiftheyhavechancestodobusiness

D.employmentisthebestsolutiontothepovertyproblem

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.作者意圖題。原文首段最后一句和尾段的首句均有提及“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們正在尋找更好的解決貧困問(wèn)題的辦法”，由此可知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的主要目的是為了尋找解決貧困問(wèn)題的方法。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.隨著這個(gè)國(guó)家的總體生活水平提高，貧困線也在提高。因此，即使在今天生活水平相對(duì)較高的情況下，仍有大約10%的美國(guó)人生活在貧困線以下?！笨芍?，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C符合原文；再根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.收入低于貧困線的人被認(rèn)為是窮人?！笨芍?，選項(xiàng)B符合原文；只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有信息提及。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第三段的前半部分提及“一方面，美國(guó)一半以上的窮人沒(méi)有資格工作。40%以上的窮人是兒童。根據(jù)法律規(guī)定，不滿16歲的兒童在許多行業(yè)都不能工作?！庇纱丝芍钪饕脑蚴沁@些兒童太小，沒(méi)有工作的權(quán)利，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，美國(guó)大部分的窮人都沒(méi)有工作，是因?yàn)檫@些人不是老人就是小孩，沒(méi)有工作的能力，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的內(nèi)容“Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeopledependonwelfareforaminimallyacceptablestandardofliving.一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家正在尋找更好的解決貧困問(wèn)題的辦法。然而，目前許多人依靠福利來(lái)維持最低限度的可接受的生活水平?！庇纱丝芍?，貧困問(wèn)題并沒(méi)有找到更好的解決辦法，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.單選題

ThefamouswriterwasborninHerbamsted,whichwas_______towntobeonthemap.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tooasmall

B.atoosmall

C.asmalltoo

D.toosmalla

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定句型。too+形容詞+a+名詞單數(shù)+todo。句意：這位著名的作家生于Herbamsted，這個(gè)地方太小，地圖上都沒(méi)有。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Nothingcanbemoreabsurdthantosaythathumanbeingsaredoomed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compelling

B.rational

C.ridiculous

D.ambiguous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。absurd表示“荒謬的”；A項(xiàng)compelling“引人注目的，令人信服的”，B項(xiàng)rational“合理的，理性的”，C項(xiàng)ridiculous“可笑的，荒謬的”，D項(xiàng)ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的”。句意：沒(méi)有什么比說(shuō)人類(lèi)命中注定更荒謬的了。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Ifmyapplicationforthescholarship（

）,（

）ImyeducationintheStatesnow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasaccepted/cancontinue

B.hasbeenaccepted/havebeencontinuing

C.hadbeenaccepted/couldhavecontinued

D.accepts/willhavecontinued

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)句意可知這里是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句用would/should/could+havedone，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.單選題

Thetrainfromthecapitalwasderailedlastnightinthemountainarea,butfortunatelytherewereno（）,policesaid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.catastrophes

B.cataracts

C.casualties

D.caprices

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。catastrophe“大災(zāi)難”；cataract“大瀑布，洪水”；casualty“傷亡人員”；caprice“任性，反復(fù)無(wú)常；隨想曲”。句意：昨晚，從首都出發(fā)的火車(chē)在山區(qū)脫離軌道，慶幸的是沒(méi)有人員傷亡。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

MarciaandBillwere（

）ofthepresident'sscholarshipforfinearts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.creators

B.donors

C.recipients

D.instigators

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。creator“創(chuàng)造者，創(chuàng)建者”；donor“捐贈(zèng)者”；recipient“接受者”；instigator“煽動(dòng)者，教唆者”。句意：Marcia和Bill是美術(shù)領(lǐng)域的總統(tǒng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的接受者。C項(xiàng)符合句意，答案C

8.單選題

Johnhassuch（）powerthathisfriendsalwaysbehaveinthewaythathewantsthemto.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.convincing

B.feasible

C.operational

D.manipulative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)convincing“令人信服的，有說(shuō)服力的”，B項(xiàng)feasible“可行的，可能的”，C項(xiàng)operational“操作的，運(yùn)作的”，D項(xiàng)manipulative“巧妙處理的，操縱的”。根據(jù)空格后面的句意“他的朋友們總是按他所希望的那樣行事”可知，空格部分填入convincing最合適。句意：約翰很有說(shuō)服力，他的朋友們總是按他所希望的那樣行事。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

（）sermonsretainedtheirpreeminenceinreligiouslifeduringmostofthetwentiethcentury,theyaregraduallylosingthatcentralplacesaschurchesdevotemoreenergytosocialactivities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.As

B.For

C.While

D.Although

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯知識(shí)。前半句中“sermonsretainedtheirpreeminence”表示肯定意義，后半句提到“theyaregraduallylosingthatcentralplaces”，可知語(yǔ)氣出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

TheAdultVocationalCollegeisanopportunitytogaintherightqualificationsforvariouscareers,foritoffersan（）rangeofsubjectsandcourses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.additional

B.excessive

C.adequate

D.extensive

【答案】D

【解析】additional附加的，額外的；excessive過(guò)度的，過(guò)分的；adequate充足的，適當(dāng)?shù)?；extensive廣闊的，廣泛的，寬廣的。句意：成人職業(yè)學(xué)院是一個(gè)獲得各種職業(yè)資格的機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)樗峁V泛的科目和課程。根據(jù)后面的range可知，選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

ThefirstfewmonthsoftheyearIhaddreadedtheringingofthetelephone,becauseIknewitmeantanother（）decisiontobemade.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.plentiful

C.decent

D.massive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。critical"決定性的,關(guān)鍵性的";plentiful"豐富的,大量的";decent"得體的,令人滿意的";massive"可觀的,巨大的"。句意：在最初的幾個(gè)月里,我害怕聽(tīng)到電話鈴響,因?yàn)槲抑肋@意味著我要做出一個(gè)重要的決定。plentiful和massive都表示數(shù)量的巨大,而critical表示程度的重要。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

12.單選題

Sheturneddownthewell-paidjob,（

）notabletopickupherfour-year-oldsonfromkindergarten.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeconsidered

B.considering

C.beingconsidered

D.havingconsidered

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。從非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)的用法上分析，空格部分要填的動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)she存在邏輯上主謂關(guān)系，排除A和C選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)D是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，不符合語(yǔ)境。故選B為最佳答案。句意為：考慮到?jīng)]辦法接送四歲的兒子上幼兒園，她放棄了報(bào)酬豐厚的工作。

13.單選題

Wewerepleasedtonotethattheearlydeliverydidn’t（

）tothetrafficjamofthe

busycity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aid

B.amount

C.add

D.attribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。aid“援助，幫助”；amount“總計(jì)，合計(jì)”；add“增加”；attribute“歸屬，把……歸于”。句意：我們很高興發(fā)現(xiàn)早發(fā)貨并沒(méi)有給繁忙的城市增添交通擁堵。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Hewas（

）totellthetrutheventohisclosedfriend.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.toomuchofacoward

B.toomuchthecoward

C.acowardenough

D.enoughofacoward

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。句意：他太膽怯，甚至都不敢把真相告訴他的好朋友。toomuchofa...todosth.是英語(yǔ)中的固定用法，是too...to...句式與muchofa...句式的混合用法，表示“太…而不能…”，只有A項(xiàng)符合，因此答案選A。

15.單選題

Anewwaveofmusicandartsprojectshasemerged,focusingonsomeonewhomayseemforsomeadubioussourceofinspiration.ImeldaMarcos,formerfirstladyofthePhilippines,iscurrentlybecomingthesubjectofmusical,songcyclesandshowsonaworldwidearena.

WhentheMarcosregimecollapsedin1986,andImeldaandherhusbandFerdinandwereexiledinHawaii,theycarriedwiththemallegationsofembezzlement,corruptionandhumanrightsabuses.Imeldahadspentthelasttwentyyearslivingoffaseeminglyendlesssupplyoffunds,livinganexoticandglamorouslifestyleandribbingshoulderswithpowerfulfiguresworldwide.In1972,whenthesuperstarcouple’spopularitywasfadingandtheywereatriskoflosingtheirpower,FerdinandMarcosinstatedmartial,leadingtoaneraofchaosandplunder,andwhatisdescribedbysomeasthesecondmostcorruptregimeofthetwentiethcentury.FerdinandandImeldafledin1986toescapethePeople’sPowerRevolution.Imeldaleavingbehindsome2000pairsofshoes.AfterherhusbanddiedinHawaiiduetoillhealth,ImeldastoodtrialintheUnitedStatesonbehalfofherhusband.Followingthat,thereturnedtothePhilippinestofaceseventymorecountsofcorruptionandtaxevasion.ShehasnowreturnedtocongressinthePhilippines,hermake-upandgownsasflawlessasever.

SowhatmakesImeldaMarcossuchanappealingmuse?Undoubtedly,ImeldaMarcos’sresolutecharacterwhichhaswithstoodexile,legalbattlesandthewrathofherenemiesmakesheranappealingheroine,butfilm-makerFentonBaileyattributeshericonicitytohersenseofglamourandstyle,andherroleasaculturaltrend-setter.Andlikesomanywomenwholetnothingcomebetweenthemandtheirgoals,shehasgainedacertainiconicstatus,particularlyamonghomosexuals,notunlikethatofJudyGarlandandLadyGaga.

AndnowthestoryofImeldaMarcoscanbeseenintheformatofamusical,andartisticgenrewhichisquitebefittingforthisflamboyant,entertainingfigureofbeautyandglamour.“Imelda—Anewmusical”hasplayedinLosAngelesandNewYork.Theartisticdirectorofthemusical,TimDang,realisesthatthemusicalglossesoverthedarkeraspectsoftheMarcosregime,butwantedtoportrayImeldaasapersonwithallherfaultsondisplay,leavingtheaudiencetocometoaverdict.However,despitetheglitzoftheshow,reviewsweremixed,statingthe“theserio-comicspoof...Hadavacuumatitscentre”.

ThestoryofImeldaMarcoshasalsobeenimmortalisedasasongcycle,“HereLiesLove”writtenbyDavidByrneandNormanCook,inwhichImeldacomesacrossasbothaheroandvillain.Theirreasoningwastotrytounderstandthestoryofhowpeoplecanattainpositionsofsuchpowerandgreed.TheywerealsoinspiredbyImelda’sloveofdancingandclubbing,andhowherownstyleofmusiccouldbeincorporatedintotheirown.Byrneaddsthattheirstoryisnotblackandwhite—thecouplewereverypopularatfirst,andImeldaheadedalotofpublicworksinthePhilippinesandaddedmuchtothenation’ssenseofcultureandidentity.

AttheCulturalCentreofthePhilippines,atournamed“LaVidaImelda”ledbyCarlosSedrandescribesthelifeofImeldaMarcos,thecoldwarandmartiallaw,whilealsoportrayingtheglamouroftheImeldalifestyle.Hedescribesitasaneternalstory,inwhichherextravagancecanbeseenaseitherdistastefulorinsomewaysestimable.

Thereisadangerthatthesenewartformsairbrushouttheatrocitieswhichaccompaniedtheostentationandglamour.Itwasatimewhendemocracywassuppressed,politicalenemiesdisappeared,andbillionsofdollarswhichcouldhavehelpedthepoverty-strickencountrywerespentontheMarcos’sextravagantlifestyle.However,theartistsinvolvedarekeentomakeclearthattheregimealsoresultedingreatleapsforwardinthecountry’sculture,architectureandinfrastructure.TheMarcoslegacyremainsintheformofhospitals,HeartandLungCentres,FolkArttheatresandhomesforchildrenandtheelderly,notwithstandingthattheMarcoscouplesettheirwar-ravaged,poverty-strickenlandontotheworldstage.

1.WhyareImelda’sshoesmentionedinthesecondparagraph?

2.WhataspectofImelda’scharacterisemphasizedinparagraph3?

3.WhyisImeldacomparedwithJudyGarlandandLadyGaga?

4.WhatwasitaboutImelda’sstorythatinterestedDavidByrneandNormanCook?

5.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetextassomethingImeldaMarcosdidforthePhilippines?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toillustratehowlittleshecaredforherpersonalpossessions.

B.Toillustrateherloveoffashionandbeauty.

C.Toindicatehowquicklyshehadtofleethecountry.

D.Toillustratetheextravaganceofherlifestyle.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Herflamboyance.

B.Herkindness.

C.Herresolution.

D.Herbeauty.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Duetoherstatusasagayicon.

B.Duetoherambitionanddrive.

C.Becauseshehascreatednewfashions.

D.Becauseshehastriumphedoverlegalbattles.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theongoingthemesofpower,greedandmusic.

B.Thefactthatthestoryhadbothaclearheroandvillain.

C.ThereasoningwhypeoplesuchasImeldabecomewhotheyare.

D.Thefactthathermusicaltastewassimilartotheirs.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Shemadehealthservicesavailabletothepeople.

B.Shegavethecountryaculturalidentity.

C.ShereducedthelevelsofpovertyforFilipinopeople.

D.Shedrewtheworld’sattentiontothecountry.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段“…allegationsofembezzlement,corruption”，……被指控挪用公款、腐敗；“...livinganexoticandglamorouslifestyle”，……過(guò)著異域風(fēng)情的生活；“...whatisdescribedbysomeasthesecondmostcorruptregimeofthetwentiethcentury”……被一些人描述為20世紀(jì)第二大最腐敗的政權(quán)。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“為了說(shuō)明她對(duì)自己的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)是多么不在乎”，選項(xiàng)B“為了說(shuō)明她對(duì)時(shí)尚和美麗的熱愛(ài)”，選項(xiàng)C“為了表示她必須多快逃離這個(gè)國(guó)家”均與文章不符，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第三段“...attributeshericonicitytohersenseofglamourandstyle,andherroleasaculturaltrend-setter”，…把她的代表性歸功于她的魅力和時(shí)尚感，以及她作為文化潮流引領(lǐng)者的角色;“shehasgainedacertainiconicstatus”，她已經(jīng)獲得了具有一定代表性的地位。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B“她的善良”，選項(xiàng)C“她的決議”，選項(xiàng)D“她的美麗”均與文章不符，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第三段“...attributeshericonicitytohersenseofglamourandstyle,andherroleasaculturaltrend-setter”，…把她的代表性歸功于她的魅力和時(shí)尚感，以及她作為文化潮流引領(lǐng)者的角色。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“因?yàn)樗峭詰俚拇怼保x項(xiàng)B“由于她的野心和干勁”，選項(xiàng)D“因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)在法律斗爭(zhēng)中獲勝”均與文章不符，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第五段“Theirreasoningwastotrytounderstandthestoryofhowpeoplecanattainpositionsofsuchpowerandgreed.TheywerealsoinspiredbyImelda’sloveofdancingandclubbing,andhowherownstyleofmusiccouldbeincorporatedintotheirown”，他們的推理是試圖去理解人們是如何獲得這樣的權(quán)力和貪婪的地位的。伊梅爾達(dá)對(duì)舞蹈和夜總會(huì)的熱愛(ài)，以及如何將她自己的音樂(lè)風(fēng)格融入到他們自己的音樂(lè)中，也啟發(fā)了他們。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B“這個(gè)故事有一個(gè)明確的英雄和惡棍的事實(shí)”，選項(xiàng)C“像伊梅爾達(dá)這樣的人成為他們自己的原因”，選項(xiàng)D“事實(shí)是她的音樂(lè)品味和他們的相似”均與文章不符，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章最后一段“TheMarcoslegacyremainsintheformofhospitals”，馬科斯的遺產(chǎn)仍然以醫(yī)院的形式存在。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“她向人民提供了衛(wèi)生服務(wù)”，選項(xiàng)B“她賦予這個(gè)國(guó)家一種文化身份”，選項(xiàng)D“她引起了全世界對(duì)這個(gè)國(guó)家的注意”均與文章相符，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.翻譯題

1.Formostpeople,shoppingisstillamatterofwanderingdownthehighstreetorloadingacartinashoppingmall.Soon,thatwillchange.Electroniccommerceisgrowingfastandwillsoonbringpeoplemorechoice.Therewill,however,beacost:protectingtheconsumerfromfraudwillbeharder.Manygovernmentsthereforewanttoextendhigh-streetregulationstotheelectronicworld.Butpoliticianswouldbewisertoseecyberspaceasabasisforaneweraofcorporateself-regulation.

2.Consumersinrichcountrieshavegrownusedtotheideathatthegovernmenttakesresponsibilityforeverythingfromthestabilityofthebankstothesafetyofthedrugs,ortheirrightstorefundwhengoodsarefaulty.Butgovernmentscannotenforcenationallawsonbusinesseswhoseonlypresenceintheircountryisonascreen.Othercountrieshaveregulators,buttherulesofconsumerprotectiondiffer,asdoesenforcement.Evenwhereaclearrighttocompensationexists,theon-linecataloguecustomerinTokyo,say,canhardlygotoNewYorktoextractarefundforadudpurchase.

23.Oneanswerisforgovernmentstocooperatemore:torecognizeeachother’srules.Butthatrequiresyearsofworkandvolumesofdetailedrules.Andplentyofcountrieshaverulestoofancifulforsoberstatestoaccept.Then,lettheelectronicbusinessesdothe“regulation”themselves.Theydo,afterall,haveaself-interestindoingso.

24.Inelectroniccommerce,areputationforhonestdealingwillbeavaluablecompetitiveasset.Governments,too,maycompetetobetrusted.Forinstance,customersorderingmedicineson-linemayprefertobuyfromtheUnitedStatesbecausetheytrusttherigorousscreeningoftheFoodandDrugAdministration;ortheymaydecidethattheFDA’srulesaretoostrict,andbuyfromSwitzerlandinstead.

Consumerswillstillneedtousetheirjudgment.Butpreciselybecausethetechnologyisnew,electronicshoppersarelikelyforawhiletobealotmorecautiousthanconsumersofthenormalsort—andthenewtechnologywillalsomakeiteasierforthemtocomplainnoisilywhenacompanyletsthemdown.Inthisway,atleast,theadventofcyberspacemayargueforfewerconsumerprotectionlaws,notmore.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】1.就大多數(shù)人而言，購(gòu)物仍然意味著沿著大街閑逛或者在大型購(gòu)物中心裝滿購(gòu)物車(chē)。不久，這種情況會(huì)有所改變。電子商務(wù)迅猛發(fā)展，不久會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)更多的選擇。然而，這需要付出代價(jià)：保護(hù)顧客使之免受欺騙會(huì)更加困難。因此，許多政府想把街道的條例延伸到電子世界。

2.富裕國(guó)家的消費(fèi)者已習(xí)慣于這樣的觀念，政府應(yīng)對(duì)一切負(fù)責(zé)，包括銀行的穩(wěn)定和藥物的安全，以及退回有缺陷商品的權(quán)利，但是一些政府不會(huì)把國(guó)家的法律強(qiáng)加給只在本國(guó)屏幕上出現(xiàn)的企業(yè)。

3.一種回答是：政府之間要進(jìn)行更多的合作，即承認(rèn)彼此的條例，但這需要許多詳細(xì)的條例，許多國(guó)家制定的條例純屬空想，以至于一些嚴(yán)肅的國(guó)家不愿接受，那么就讓電子企業(yè)自我約束吧。

4.在電子商務(wù)中，誠(chéng)信經(jīng)營(yíng)的聲譽(yù)會(huì)成為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的無(wú)價(jià)之寶。為了贏得信譽(yù)，一些政府也可能會(huì)展開(kāi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。譬如說(shuō)，在網(wǎng)上訂購(gòu)藥品的顧客可能愿意從美國(guó)那里購(gòu)買(mǎi)，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈攀称芳八幤饭芾砭值膰?yán)格審查，他們也有可能斷定食品及藥品管理局的條例過(guò)于苛刻，因而從瑞士那里購(gòu)買(mǎi)。

17.單選題

Somepeoplebelievethatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue:thatinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments,butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencourageinternationalbrotherhood.Notonlywastherethetragicincidentinvolvingthemurderofathletes,buttheGameswerealsoruinedbylesserincidentscausedprincipallybyminorcontests.

Onecountryreceiveditssecond-placemedalswithvisibleindignationafterthehockeyfinal.Therehadbeennoisyscenesattheendofthehockeymatch,thelosersobjectingtothefinaldecisions.Theywereconvincedthatoneoftheirgoalsshouldnothavebeendisallowedandthattheiropponents’victorywasunfair.Theirmanagerwasinaragewhenhesaid:“Thiswasn’thockey.HockeyandtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished.”ThepresidentoftheFederationsaidlaterthatsuchbehaviorcouldresultinthesuspensionoftheteamforatleastthreeyears.

TheAmericanbasketballteamannouncedthattheywouldnotyieldfirstplacetoRussia,afteradisputableendtotheircontest.TheGamehadendedindisturbance.ItwasthoughtatfirstthattheUnitedStateshadwon,byasinglepoint,butitwasannouncedthattherewerethreesecondsstilltoplay.ARussianplayerthenthrewtheballfromoneendofthecourttotheother,andanotherplayerpoppeditintothebasket.ItwasthefirsttimetheUSAhadeverlostanOlympicbasketballmatch.Anappealjurydebatedthematterforfourandahalfhoursbeforeannouncingthattheresultwouldstand.TheAmericanplayersthenvotednottoreceivethesilvermedals.

Incidentsofthiskindwillcontinueaslongassportisplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.Thesuggestionthatathletesshouldcompeteasindividuals,orinnon-nationalteams,mightbetoomuchtohopefor.ButinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicsthereisfartoomuchthatencouragesaggressivepatriotism.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,recentOlympicGames（）.

2.Whatdidthemanagermeanbysaying,“…HockeyandtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished”？

3.Thebasketballexampleimpliedthat（）.

4.Theauthorgivesthetwoexamplesinparagraphs2-3toshow（）.

5.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.createdgoodwillbetweenthenations

B.bredonlyfalsenationalpride

C.barelyshowedanyinternationalfriendship

D.ledtomoreandmoremisunderstandingandhatred

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Histeamwouldnolongertakepartininternationalgames.

B.HockeyandtheFederationarebothruinedbytheunfairdecisions.

C.ThereshouldbenomorehockeymatchesorganizedbytheFederation.

D.TheFederationshouldbedissolved.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.toomuchpatriotismwasdisplayedintheincident

B.theannouncementtoprolongthematchwaswrong

C.theappealjurywastoohesitantinmakingthedecision

D.theAmericanteamwasrightinrejectingthesilvermedals

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.howfalsenationalprideledtoundesirableincidentsininternationalgames

B.thatsportsmenhavebeenmoreobedientthantheyusedtobe

C.thatcompetitivenessinthegamesdiscouragesinternationalfriendship

D.thatunfairdecisionsarecommoninOlympicGames

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheorganizationoftheOlympicGamesmustbeimproved.

B.AthletesshouldcompeteasindividualsintheOlympicGames.

C.Sportshouldbeplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.

D.Internationalcontestsareliableformisunderstandingbetweennations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)作者，最近的奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)_______。由題干中的“recenttheOlympicGames”內(nèi)容可以定位到文章第一段第三句butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencourageinternationalbrotherhood.（但近年來(lái)，奧運(yùn)會(huì)在支持體育促進(jìn)國(guó)際友誼這一觀點(diǎn)方面做得很少。），可知，C選項(xiàng)“幾乎沒(méi)有顯示出任何國(guó)際友誼”，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“在國(guó)與國(guó)之間建立了友好關(guān)系”，與原文觀點(diǎn)相反，故排除。由第一段第二句thatinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.（國(guó)際競(jìng)賽鼓勵(lì)虛假的民族自豪感，導(dǎo)致誤解和仇恨），可知，B選項(xiàng)“只孕育了虛假的民族自豪感”和D選項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致越來(lái)越多的誤解和仇恨”是說(shuō)internationalcontests的，而不是針對(duì)OlympicGames的，故排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：這位經(jīng)理說(shuō)“……冰球和國(guó)際冰球聯(lián)合會(huì)完蛋了”是什么意思？根據(jù)第二段的例子，我們可以看出，在比賽中獲得亞軍的球隊(duì)，表現(xiàn)出憤懣之情，拒絕接受最后的結(jié)果。他們認(rèn)為他們的一次進(jìn)球應(yīng)算有效，對(duì)手的勝利是不公正的，這種不公正會(huì)毀壞國(guó)際曲棍球協(xié)會(huì)的聲譽(yù)，會(huì)把曲棍球運(yùn)動(dòng)毀掉，所以B選項(xiàng)“冰球和冰球聯(lián)合會(huì)都被不公平的裁決給毀了”為正確答案。而A選項(xiàng)“他的球隊(duì)將不再參加國(guó)際比賽”，C選項(xiàng)“聯(lián)盟不應(yīng)該再組織冰球比賽了”和D選項(xiàng)“聯(lián)邦應(yīng)解散”，很難從上下文中推理出來(lái)。綜上所述，本題的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。題干：籃球的例子暗示了________。本題為推斷題，需要在理解了第三段的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)某些句子進(jìn)行推斷。第三段意思是：美國(guó)籃球隊(duì)宣布他們?cè)诤投砹_斯的比賽中不放棄第一名的位置。比賽在一片混亂中結(jié)束。一開(kāi)始以為是美國(guó)隊(duì)以一分之差贏得了比賽。但隨后宣布還有三秒鐘，一位俄羅斯隊(duì)員從球場(chǎng)的一端把球扔到另一端，另一個(gè)俄羅斯隊(duì)員把球投進(jìn)籃里。這是美國(guó)籃球隊(duì)第一次在奧林匹克比賽中失利。評(píng)判委員會(huì)爭(zhēng)論了四個(gè)半小時(shí)才宣布維持比賽結(jié)果。美國(guó)隊(duì)投票決定不接受銀牌。表明愛(ài)國(guó)情緒太過(guò)頭，體育規(guī)則受到藐視?？赏茢喑鯝選項(xiàng)“