考研考博-英語(yǔ)-保山中醫(yī)藥高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-保山中醫(yī)藥高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Putondarkglassesorthesunwill（

）youandyouwon'tbeabletosee.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discern

B.distort

C.dazzle

D.distract

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。discern意為“識(shí)別，覺察出，看出”；distort意為“歪曲，扭曲”；dazzle意為“使目?！保籨istract意為“使分心”。

句意：戴上墨鏡，否則太陽(yáng)會(huì)讓你眼花，你會(huì)看不見。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingfromChineseintoEnglish.

在人際關(guān)系上我們不要太浪漫主義，人是很有趣的，往往在接觸一個(gè)人吋首先看到的都是他或她的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，這一點(diǎn)頗像是在贊館里用衩的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。開始吃頭盤或冷碟的吋候，印象很好。吃頭兩個(gè)主菜吋，也是贊不絕口。愈吃愈趨于冷靜。吃完了這頓宴席，缺點(diǎn)就都找出來了。于是轉(zhuǎn)喜為怒，轉(zhuǎn)贊美為貴備挑剔，轉(zhuǎn)首肯為搖頭。這是因?yàn)椋旱谝?，開始吃的時(shí)候你正處于饑餓狀態(tài)，而餓了吃糖甜如蜜，飽了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一個(gè)餐館，開始舉筷吋有新鮮感，新蓋的茅房三天香，這也可以叫做“陌生化效應(yīng)”吧。

【答案】Weshouldnotbetooromanticininterpersonalrelations.Peopleareveryinteresting.Whenwefirstmeetsomeoneforthefirsttime,weonlynoticehisorhermerits.Thisisquiteliketheexperienceofdininginarestaurant.Atthebeginning,whenwetakethefirstcourseorcolddishes,wearefullofpraise.Wealsopraisethefirsttwomaincourses.Themorewetake,thecalmerwebecome.Afterwefinishthedinner,allkindsoffaultsarefoundout.Thendelightturnsintoangry,praiseintocomplaint,anoddingheadintoasharkingone.Thisisbecause：first,youareinastateofhungrywhenyoustarttoeat.Whenoneishungry,huskwilltasteassweetashoney;butwhenoneisfull,evenhoneywillnottastesweet.Second,whenyoubegintoeatinanewrestaurant,everythingisfreshtoyou.Anewlatrinesmellsfragrant.Thiscanalsobecalleddefamiliarizationeffect.

3.單選題

DuringtheWorldWarIImanyfamousscientistssoughtandreceivedpolitical（）intheUnitedStates.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.influence

B.persecution

C.shelter

D.oppression

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)influence“影響；勢(shì)力”；B選項(xiàng)persecution“迫害；煩擾”；C選項(xiàng)shelter“庇護(hù)；避難所”；D選項(xiàng)oppression“壓抑；鎮(zhèn)壓”。句意：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，許多著名的科學(xué)家在美國(guó)尋求并得到了政治……。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，科學(xué)家們尋求的必然是“政治庇護(hù)”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Egyptianauthoritiesaretryingtopreventtheirhistoricalmonumentsfrom（

）thesavagesoftime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standingby

B.countingon

C.succumbingto

D.holdingup

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。standingby支持，準(zhǔn)備行動(dòng)；countingon依賴，依靠；succumbingto屈服于…；holdingup拿著。句意：埃及當(dāng)局正在試圖阻止他們的歷史古跡隨著時(shí)間推移而消隕。C項(xiàng)符合題意，答案C

5.單選題

Experimentsusinganimalshaveplayedacrucialroleinthedevelopmentofmodemmedicaltreatments,andtheywillcontinuetobenecessaryasresearchersseekto______existingailmentsandrespondtotheemergenceofnewdisease.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alleviate

B.replicate

C.dwindle

D.exploit

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)alleviate“減輕，緩和”，B項(xiàng)replicate“復(fù)制，折疊”，C項(xiàng)dwindle“減少，變小”，D項(xiàng)exploit“開發(fā)，開拓，剝削”。空格處填入動(dòng)詞，其賓語(yǔ)是existingailments“現(xiàn)有的疾病”，結(jié)合后面的句子respondtotheemergenceofnewdisease“應(yīng)對(duì)新疾病的出現(xiàn)”可知，alleviate符合語(yǔ)境。句意：動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)治療的發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用，在研究人員尋求減輕現(xiàn)有疾病和應(yīng)對(duì)新疾病出現(xiàn)時(shí)，這些實(shí)驗(yàn)將繼續(xù)是必要的。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Youhaveyourchoiceofthree______oficecream.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.varieties

B.tops

C.respects

D.decks

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)varieties“（同一事物的）不同種類；品種”；B選項(xiàng)tops“頂端；表面”；C選項(xiàng)respects“（事物的）方面，細(xì)節(jié)”；D選項(xiàng)decks“（船或公共汽車的）一層”。句意：你有三______冰淇淋供你選擇。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是有三種不同的冰淇淋，A選項(xiàng)varieties“（同一事物的）不同種類”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Whatgoesoninthemindofaone-year-oldchildisanyone’sguess.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unknown

B.whatanybodycanguess?

C.knowntoall

D.nothingnew

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。anyone’sguess表示“任何人的猜測(cè)”；A項(xiàng)unknown“不知道的”，B項(xiàng)whatanybodycanguess?“大家能猜出什么？”，C項(xiàng)knowntoall“人盡皆知”，D項(xiàng)nothingnew“屢見不鮮，了無新意”。句意：誰都不知道一個(gè)一歲的孩子在想什么。根據(jù)句意可知，anyone’sguess在句子中表示“誰也不知道”；故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thedeclineofmarriage:Forricher,forsmarterThetraditionalfamilyisnowthepreserveofaminority.Marriage,anditsmanyupsanddowns,stillexercisesapowerfulholdovernewspapers,magazinesandtheairwaves.Nearly23mAmericanswatchedPrinceWilliambeingjoinedinholymatrimonytoKateMiddleton.Millionsmorehavewallowedinthebreak-upofArnoldSchwarzenegger'smarriageafterrevelationsthathefatheredasonwithamaid.AndthetumescenttweetsofcongressmanAnthonyWeinerhavestirredupendlessspeculationaboutthehealthofhisownyear-oldmarriageandtheforbearanceofhisnewlypregnantwife.

LesstitillatingarerevelationsaboutthesorrystateofmarriageacrosstheUnitedStates.DatafromtheCensusBureaushowthatmarriedcouples,forthefirsttime,nowmakeuplessthanhalf(45%)ofallhouseholds.

TheiconicAmericanfamily,withmom,dadandkidsunderoneroof,isfading.Inever,statethenumbersofunmarriedcouples,childlesshouseholdsandsingle-personhouseholdsaregrowingfasterthanthosecomprisedofmarriedpeoplewithchildren,findsthe2010census.Thelatteraccountedfor43%ofhouseholdsin1950;theynowaccountforjust20%.Andthetrendhasapotentclassdimension.Traditionalmarriagehasevolvedfromanear-universalritetoaluxuryfortheeducatedandaffluent.

Therebarelywasamarriagegapin1960:onlyfourpercentagepointsseparatedtheweddedwaysofcollegeandhigh-schoolgraduates(76%versus72%).Thegaphassincewidenedto16percentagepoints,accordingtothePewResearchCentre.ACensusBureauanalysisreleasedthisspringfoundthatbridesaresignificantlymorelikelytohaveacollegedegreethantheywereinthemid-1990s.

“Marriagehasbecomemuchmoreselective,andthat'swhythedivorceratehascomedown,”saidBradfordWilcox,becomemuchmoreselective,andthat’swhythedivorceratehascomedown,”saidBradfordWilcox,directoroftheNationalMarriageProjectattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville.Theprojectfoundthatdivorceratesforcoupleswithcollegedegreesareonlyathirdashighasforthosewithahigh-schooldegree.

Americanswithahigh-schooldegreeorless(whoaccountfor58%ofthepopulation)tellresearcherstheywouldliketomarry,butdonotbelievetheycanaffordit.Instead,theyraisechildrenoutofwedlock.Only6%ofchildrenborntocollege-educatedmotherswerebornoutsidemarriage,accordingtotheNationalMarriageProject.Thatcompareswith44%ofbabiesborntomotherswhoseeducationendedwithhighschool.

"Lessmarriagemeanslessincomeandmorepoverty，"reckonsIsabelSawhill,aseniorfellowattheBrookingsInstitution.Sheandotherresearchershavelinkedasmuchashalfoftheincomeinequalityinfamilycomposition:single-parentfamilies(mostlythosewithahigh-schooldegreeorless)aregettingpoorerwhilemarriedcouples(witheducationsanddualincomes)areincreasinglywell-off."Thisisastrikinggapthatisnotwellunderstoodbythepublic."shesays.

DonotexpecttheDemocraticParty,however,tomakeanissueofthemarriagegapinnextyear’selections.UnmarriedwomenvotedoverwhelminglyforBarackObama."Youdon'twanttosuggesttosomeonewhoisn'tmarriedandhaschildrenthattheyshouldbemarried."saysMsSawhill.“Thatisadenigrationoftheirlifestyle."

1.Accordingtothepassage,（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisTrue?

3.Thedivorceratehascomedownbecause（）.

4.“Lessmarriagemeanslessincomeandmorepoverty”is（）.

5.UnmarriedwomenVotedoverwhelminglyforBarackObamabecause（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessthanhalf(45%)orpeoplepreservethetraditionalmarriage.

B.nearly23mAmericanswassadatthebreak-upofArnoldSchwarzenegger'smarriage.

C.theiconicAmericanfamilystilldominatesnewspapers,Magazinesandtheairwaves.

D.thenumbersofunmarriedcouples,childlesshouseholdsandsingle-personhouseholdsgrowby20%.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Traditionalmarriageisaluxuryfortheeducatedandrichnow.

B.ThestateofmarriageacrosstheUnitedStatesistitillating.

C.Themarriagegapisnarrowednow

D.Girlswithacollegedegreeareeasytogetmarried.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.therearemoreselectionsinmarriage.

B.marriagecouplesareofhigh-schooldegree.

C.peoplearemorecarefulinmarriageselection.

D.peopleareunwillingtogetmarried.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.averypopularsaying

B.notwellunderstood

C.wellreceived.

D.researchfinding

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.marriageisalifestyletothem.

B.theywanttogetmarried

C.marriageissorrythem.

D.theycannotaffordmarriagefinancially

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。A:不到一半（45%）的人保留傳統(tǒng)婚姻。根據(jù)第二段“DatafromtheCensusBureaushowthatmarriedcouples,forthefirsttime,nowmakeuplessthanhalf（45%）ofallhouseholds(人口普查局的數(shù)據(jù)顯示已婚夫婦現(xiàn)在占全部家庭的比例不到一半（45%）,這是首次出現(xiàn)這種情況)”可知A項(xiàng)正確。B:近2300萬美國(guó)人對(duì)阿諾德施瓦辛格的婚姻破裂感到悲傷。根據(jù)第一段“Nearly23mAmericanswatchedPrinceWilliambeingjoinedinholymatrimonytoKateMiddleton(近2300萬美國(guó)人收看了威廉王子迎娶凱特?米德爾頓（KateMiddleton）的神圣婚禮)”可知B項(xiàng)不正確。C:這個(gè)標(biāo)志性的美國(guó)家庭仍然主宰著報(bào)紙、雜志和廣播。根據(jù)第—段“Marriage,anditsmanyupsanddowns,stillexercisesapowerfulholdovernewspapers,magazinesandtheairwaves(婚姻、婚姻里的悲歡離合仍然強(qiáng)有力地占據(jù)著報(bào)紙、雜志的版面和廣播電視的節(jié)目)”可排除C項(xiàng)。D:未婚夫婦、無子女家庭、單身家庭增長(zhǎng)20%。根據(jù)第三段“Thelatteraccountedfor43%ofhouseholdsin1950;theynowaccountforjust20%(1950年后者（有孩子的已婚夫婦組成家庭）占全部家庭的43%；現(xiàn)在只占20%)”可排除D項(xiàng)。因此，本題選A。

2.判斷推理題。A:傳統(tǒng)婚姻對(duì)現(xiàn)在的受過教育的富人來說是一種奢侈。根據(jù)第三段“Traditionalmarriagehasevolvedfromanear-universalritetoaluxuryfortheeducatedandaffluent(傳統(tǒng)婚姻普遍被視為習(xí)俗，現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)進(jìn)化為受教育人群和具有經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的人群所享有的奢侈品)”可知A項(xiàng)正確。B:整個(gè)美國(guó)的婚姻現(xiàn)狀讓人感到興奮。根據(jù)第二段“LesstitillatingarerevelationsaboutthesorrystateofmarriageacrosstheUnitedStates(美國(guó)人自己婚姻的糟糕狀況則不那么令人感到興奮)”可排除B項(xiàng)。C:現(xiàn)在婚姻差距縮小了。第四段指出:大學(xué)畢業(yè)和高中畢業(yè)生的結(jié)婚率差距越來越大，如今已經(jīng)達(dá)到16%。因此排除C項(xiàng)。D:擁有大學(xué)文憑的女孩更容易結(jié)婚，文章并未提及。因此，本題選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第五段:Marriagehasbecomemuchmoreselective,andthat’swhythedivorceratehascomedown(選擇結(jié)婚對(duì)象時(shí)更加地精挑細(xì)選，這就是為什么離婚率降低了)。因此C項(xiàng)“人們?cè)谶x擇婚姻時(shí)更加謹(jǐn)慎”正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位至倒數(shù)第二段:Lessmarriagemeanslessincomeandmorepoverty,”reckonsIsabelSawhill,aseniorfellowattheBrookingsInstitution(婚姻減少意味著收入減少、貧困增加”，布魯金斯學(xué)會(huì)的資深研究員伊莎貝爾?索希爾這樣認(rèn)為)。因此可推測(cè)，這句活應(yīng)該是“一個(gè)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)”的結(jié)論。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。最后一段最后一句指出:Youdon’twanttosuggesttosomeonewhoisn’tmarriedandhaschildrenthattheyshouldbemarried,”saysMsSawhill.“Thatisadenigrationoftheirlifestyle.”(“你別想建議某個(gè)沒結(jié)婚又有小孩的人去結(jié)婚，”索希爾女士說，“那樣子是對(duì)她們生活方式的詆毀”)。因A項(xiàng)“婚姻對(duì)她們而言是一種生活方式”正確。

9.單選題

Oneofthemostdifficultaspectsofdecidingwhethercurrentclimaticeventsrevealevidenceoftheimpactofhumanactivitiesisthatitishardtogetameasureofwhatconstitutesthenaturalvariabilityoftheclimate.Weknowthatoverthepastmillenniatheclimatehasundergonemajorchangeswithoutanysignificanthumanintervention.Wealsoknowthattheglobalclimatesystemisimmenselycomplicatedandthateverythingisinsomewayconnected,andsothesystemiscapableoffluctuatinginunexpectedways.Weneedthereforetoknowhowmuchtheclimatecanvaryofitsownaccordinordertointerpretwithconfidencetheextenttowhichrecentchangesarenaturalasopposedtobeingtheresultofhumanactivities.

Instrumentalrecordsdonotgobackfarenoughtoprovideuswithreliablemeasurementsofglobalclimaticvariabilityontimescaleslongerthanacentury.Whatwedoknowisthatasweincludelongertimeintervals,therecordshowsincreasingevidenceofslowswingsinclimatebetweendifferentregimes.Tobuildupabetterpictureoffluctuationsappreciablyfurtherbackintimerequiresustouseproxyrecords.

Overlongperiodsoftime,substanceswhosephysicalandchemicalpropertieschangewiththeambientclimateatthetimecanbedepositedinasystematicwaytoprovideacontinuousrecordofchangesinthosepropertiesovertime,sometimesforhundredsorthousandsofyears.Generally,thelayeringoccursonanannualbasis,henceheobservedchangesintherecordscanbedated.Informationontemperature,rainfall,andotheraspectsoftheclimatethatcanbeinferredfromthesystematicchangesinpropertiesisusuallyreferredtoasproxydata.ProxytemperaturerecordshavebeenreconstructedfromicecoredrilledoutofthecentralGreenlandicecap,calciteshellsembeddedinlayeredlakesedimentsinWesternEurope,oceanfloorsedimentcoresfromthetropicalAtlanticOcean,icecoresfromPeruvianglaciers,andicecoresfromeasternAntarctica.Whiletheserecordsprovidebroadlyconsistentindicationsthattemperaturevariationscanoccuronaglobalscale,therearenonethelesssomeintriguingdifferences,whichsuggestthatthepatternoftemperaturevariationsinregionalclimatescanalsodiffersignificantlyfromeachother.

Whattheproxyrecordsmakeabundantlyclearisthattherehavebeensignificantnaturalchangesintheclimateovertimescaleslongerthanafewthousandyears.Equallystriking,however,istherelativestabilityoftheclimateinthepast10,000years(theHoloceneperiod).

Totheextentthatthecoverageoftheglobalclimatefromtheserecordscanprovideameasureofitstruevariability,itshouldatleastindicatehowallthenaturalcausesofclimatechangehavecombined.Theseincludethechaoticfluctuationsoftheatmosphere,theslowerbutequallyerraticbehavioroftheoceans,changesinthelandsurfaces,andtheextentoficeandsnow.Alsoincludedwillbeanyvariationsthathavearisenfromvolcanicactivity,solaractivity,and,possibly,humanactivities.

1.Whichofthefollowingmustwefindoutinordertodeterminetheimpactofhumanactivitiesuponclimate?

2.Scientistsareabletoreconstructproxytemperaturerecordsby（

）.

3.ProxydatahavesuggestedallofthefollowingabouttheclimateEXCEPT:

（

）.

4.Theword‘‘erratic”intheparagraph5isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themajorchangesinclimateoverthepastmillennia.

B.Thedegreetowhichtheclimatevariesnaturally.

C.Thebestmethodformeasuringclimaticchange.

D.Themillenniumwhenhumansbegantointerferewiththeclimate.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.studyingregionaldifferencesintemperaturevariations.

B.studyinganddatingchangesinthepropertiesofsubstances.

C.observingchangesinpresentdayclimateconditions.

D.inferringpastclimateshiftsfromobservationsofcurrentclimaticchanges.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Regionalclimatesmaychangeovertime.

B.Theclimatehaschangedverylittleinthepast10,000years.

C.Globaltemperaturesvarymorethanregionaltemperatures.

D.Importantnaturalchangesinclimatehaveoccurredoverlargetimescales.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.dramatic

B.important

C.unpredictable.

D.common

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘為了確定人類活動(dòng)對(duì)氣候的影響，我們必須找出以下哪一項(xiàng)？根據(jù)文章第一段中“Oneofthemostdifficultaspectsofdecidingwhethercurrentclimaticeventsrevealevidenceoftheimpactofhumanactivitiesisthatitishardtogetameasureofwhatconstitutesthenaturalvariabilityoftheclimate.要判斷當(dāng)前的氣候事件是否揭示了人類活動(dòng)影響的證據(jù)，最困難的一個(gè)方面是很難衡量是什么構(gòu)成了氣候的自然變化。”，確定判斷人類對(duì)氣候的影響之前必須確定自然的影響，所以B選項(xiàng)“氣候自然變化的程度”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘科學(xué)家能通過什么重建替代溫度記錄？’根據(jù)文章第三段中第三句“ProxytemperaturerecordshavebeenreconstructedfromicecoredrilledoutofthecentralGreenlandicecap,calciteshellsembeddedinlayeredlakesedimentsinWesternEurope,oceanfloorsedimentcoresfromthetropicalAtlanticOcean,icecoresfromPeruvianglaciers,andicecoresfromeasternAntarctica.從格陵蘭島中部冰冠鉆出的冰芯、嵌在西歐分層湖泊沉積物中的方解石殼、熱帶大西洋洋底沉積物的冰芯、秘魯冰川的冰芯和南極洲東部的冰芯重建了代理溫度記錄?！薄Ｔ恼劶昂芏嘀亟囟鹊姆椒?，無論是冰川，沉積物還是碳酸鹽，都屬“substance物質(zhì)”，所以B選項(xiàng)“研究和測(cè)定物質(zhì)性質(zhì)的變化”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘代理數(shù)據(jù)表明了如下所有關(guān)于氣候的內(nèi)容，除了……？’根據(jù)第四段第一句“Whattheproxyrecordsmakeabundantlyclearisthattherehavebeensignificantnaturalchangesintheclimateovertimescaleslongerthanafewthousandyears.代理記錄充分表明，在超過幾千年的時(shí)間跨度內(nèi)，氣候發(fā)生了重大的自然變化。”可排除A選項(xiàng)‘隨著時(shí)間的推移，地區(qū)氣候可能會(huì)發(fā)生變化’和D選項(xiàng)‘氣候的重要自然變化是在大的時(shí)間尺度上發(fā)生的’。根據(jù)第二句“Equallystriking,however,istherelativestabilityoftheclimateinthepast10,000years(theHoloceneperiod).然而，同樣令人驚訝的是在過去的一萬年（全新世）中氣候變化的相對(duì)來說很穩(wěn)定?！笨膳懦鼴選項(xiàng)‘在過去的一萬年里，氣候變化非常小?！虼?，C項(xiàng)‘全球氣溫的變化比地區(qū)氣溫的變化更大’在文中沒有體現(xiàn)，符合題意。

4.詞義猜測(cè)題。題目提問‘第五段中"erratic”最接近什么意思？’根據(jù)上下文，“erratic行為古怪，反復(fù)無常”與前文中“chaoticfluctuationsoftheatmosphere變化多端的大氣波動(dòng)”的“chaotic混沌的；一團(tuán)糟的”相對(duì)應(yīng)，因此，C選項(xiàng)“無法預(yù)言的；不可預(yù)測(cè)”符合語(yǔ)境。

10.單選題

Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust______thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.improve

B.enhance

C.guarantee

D.gear

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。improve“改善”；enhance“加強(qiáng)”；guarantee“保證”；gear“開動(dòng)，使……合適”。句意：為了在國(guó)家激烈的貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中生存，我們必須使我們生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量和種類適合市場(chǎng)需求。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,（

）inSanFrancisco.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.predominantly

C.practically

D.permanently

【答案】B

【解析】previously以前，預(yù)先；predominantly主要地，顯著地；practically實(shí)際地，事實(shí)上；permanently永久地。句意：在美國(guó)，超過三分之一的華人居住在加州，主要居住在舊金山。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.單選題

HeexpectedtheHousetopassthebillbyacomfortable（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.maple

B.marble

C.marsh

D.margin

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析。maple楓樹；marble大理石；marsh沼澤；均不符合句意。margin指（在時(shí)間或票數(shù)上領(lǐng)先的）幅度,差額,差數(shù)。句意:他希望眾議院能以輕松的優(yōu)勢(shì)通過這項(xiàng)法案。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

13.單選題

Theotherdayanacquaintanceofmine,agregariousandcharmingman,toldmehehadfoundhimselfunexpectedlyaloneinNewYorkforanhourortwobetweenappointments.HewenttotheWhitneyandspenttheempty”timelookingatthingsinsolitarybills.Forhimitprovedtobeashocknearlyasgreatasfallinginlovetodiscoverthathecouldenjoyhimselfsomuchalone.

Whathadhebeenafraidof,Iaskedmyself?That,suddenlyalone,hewoulddiscoverthatheboredhimself,orthattherewas,quitesimply,noselftheretomeet?Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnowonthebrinkofadventure;heisabouttobelaunchedintohisowninnerspace,spaceasimmense,unexplored,andsometimesfrighteningasouterspacetotheastronaut.Hiseveryperceptionwillcometohimwithanewfreshnessand,foratime,seemstartlinglyoriginal.Foranyonewhocanseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeyebecomes,foramomentortwo,somethingofagenius.Withanotherhumanbeingpresentvisionbecomesdoublevision,inevitably.Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?Theoriginalimpactgetslost,ordiffused.

“MusicIheardwithyouwasmorethanmusic”.Exactly.Andthereforemusicitselfcanonlybeheardalone.“Solitudeisthesaltofpersonhood.Itbringsouttheauthenticflavorofeveryexperience.”

“Aloneoneisneverlonely:thespiritadventures,walkinginaquietgarden,inacoolhouse,abidingsinglethere.”

Lonelinessismostacutelyfeltwithotherpeople,forwithothers,evenwithaloversometimes,wesufferfromourdifferencesoftaste,temperament,andmood.Humanintercourseoftendemandsthatwesoftentheedgeofperception,orwithdrawattheveryinstantofpersonaltruthforfearofhurting,orofbeinginappropriatelypresent,whichistosaynaked,inasocialsituation.Alonewecanaffordtobewhollywhateverweare,andtofeelwhateverwefeelabsolutely.Thatisagreatluxury!

Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatforthelasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasingrewarding.WhenIcanwakeupandwatchthesunriseovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichtowriteafewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,liedownintheafternoonforalongthink(whydoesonethinkbetterinahorizontalposition?),readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutlonelinessiscorrect?

3.Bysaying“solitudeisthesaltofpersonhood”(Paragrph3)theauthormeansthat（）.

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagecanbe“（）”.

5.Thetoneoftheauthorcanbestbedescribedas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theexperienceofbeingaloneoffersoneachancetolookintotheself

B.it’shumannaturetobeadventurous

C.doublevisionisbetterthansinglevision.

D.solitudecanmakeonegenius

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Peopleamongothersaremorepronelonelinessthanpeoplealone.

B.Peoplewhofeellonelyarethosewhoarealone.

C.Lonelinesshelpsonetobehimself.

D.Marriedpeopleareneverlonely.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.solitudeaddsflavortolife

B.peoplecanbetterenjoylifewithsolitude

C.peoplecanexperienceeverythinginlifeasitreallyisinsolitude

D.peoplewillbemoreexperiencedwithsolitude

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.InnerSpaceandOuterSpace

B.LonelinessandItsCure

C.BlissfulSolitude

D.SolitudeandHumanIntercourse

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.satirical

C.exasperated

D.meditative

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。A:孤獨(dú)的經(jīng)歷可以讓人探尋內(nèi)在的自己。第二段指出:Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnowonthebrinkofadventure;heisabouttobelaunchedintohisowninnerspace,…Hiseveryperceptionwillcometohimwithanewfreshnessand.foratime,seemstartlinglyoriginal(但是有了這次嘗試，他便要開始探險(xiǎn)了，即將發(fā)射到自己內(nèi)心的宇宙之中,…他的所見所感對(duì)他來說將是全新的，一度會(huì)新穎得讓人驚奇)。由此推斷A項(xiàng)“孤獨(dú)的經(jīng)歷可以讓人探尋內(nèi)在的自己”正確。B:人類天生有探險(xiǎn)精神，此項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷。C:雙重看法好于單個(gè)看法，此項(xiàng)與第二段意思相反。D:孤獨(dú)可以成就天才，與原文所述不符。因此本題選A。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:與別人待在一起，比單獨(dú)時(shí)孤獨(dú)感更為強(qiáng)烈。第五段第一句指出:Lonelinessismostacutelyfeltwithotherpeople,forwithothers,evenwithaloversometimes,wesufferfromourdifferencesoftaste,temperament,andmood(與別人待在一起時(shí)孤獨(dú)感更為強(qiáng)烈，因?yàn)榕c他人在一起，即使是戀人，我們也會(huì)被不同的品味，不同的性格，以及不同的情緒所困擾)。因此，A項(xiàng)正確。B:有孤獨(dú)感的人是孤獨(dú)的人，此項(xiàng)與原文不符。C:孤獨(dú)能讓人做自己，此項(xiàng)與原文不符，文章只是說孤獨(dú)能讓自己感受真正的自我。D:已婚者永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)孤獨(dú)，與文章不符。

第3題:判斷推理題。A:孤獨(dú)可以增加生活韻味。第三段最后一句指出:Itbringsouttheauthenticflavorofeveryexperience(它讓人感受到所有經(jīng)歷的真實(shí)韻味)。由此可推斷thesaltofpersonhood指的是“增加韻味”，因此A項(xiàng)正確。B:孤獨(dú)時(shí)，人們可以享受更好的生活。此項(xiàng)本身正確，但是不符合題干要求。C:只有在真正孤獨(dú)時(shí)，人們才能經(jīng)歷所有的事情，此項(xiàng)不符合原文。D:人們因孤獨(dú)而經(jīng)歷豐富，此項(xiàng)同樣本身正確，但是不符合題干要求。

第4題:主旨大意題。全文的大意為:獨(dú)居但不孤獨(dú)，與別人待在一起時(shí)孤獨(dú)感更為強(qiáng)烈。因此C項(xiàng)“幸福的孤獨(dú)”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章討論的是孤獨(dú)帶給人的好處。獨(dú)居但不孤獨(dú)，與別人呆在一起時(shí)孤獨(dú)感更為強(qiáng)烈。因此，D項(xiàng)“深思的”正確。

14.單選題

Whyshouldanyonewanttoread（）ofbooksbygreatauthorswhentherealpleasurecomesfromreadingtheoriginals?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.digests

B.insights

C.themes

D.leaflets

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。digests文摘；insights洞悉，領(lǐng)悟；themes主題；leaflets傳單。句意：真正的快樂來自閱讀原著，怎么還會(huì)有人想讀名著的（）呢？因此推測(cè)，正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

（）therewasnotasoularoundexceptsomecarspassingoccasionally.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Overnight

B.Atdusk

C.Inthedeadofnight

D.Fortnight

【答案】C

【解析】詞組短語(yǔ)辨析。overnight“過夜”；atdusk“傍晚；黃昏時(shí)刻”；inthedeadofnight“夜深人靜之時(shí)”；fortnight“兩星期”。句意：夜深人靜時(shí)，除了有幾輛車偶爾經(jīng)過外，沒有幾個(gè)行人。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Becauseearlymanviewedillnessasdivinepunishmentandhealingaspurification,medicineandreligionwereinextricably,linkedforcenturies.Thisnotionisapparentintheoriginofourword“pharmacy”,whichcomesfromtheGreekphannakon,meaning"purificationthroughpurging."

By3500B.C.,theSumeriansintheTigris-Euphratesvalleyhaddevelopedvirtuallyallofourmodernmethodsofadministeringdrugs.Theyusedgarglesinhalations,pills,lotions,ointments,andplasters.Thefirstdrugcatalog,orpharmacopoeia,waswrittenatthattimebyanunknownSumerianphysician.Preservedincuneiformscriptonasingleclay'tabletarethenamesofdozensofdrugstotreatailmentsthatstillafflictustoday.

TheEgyptiansaddedtotheancientmedicinechest.TheEbersPapyrus,ascrolldatingfrom1900B.C.andnamedaftertheGermanEgyptologistGeorgeEbers.revealsthetrial-and-errorknow-howacquiredbyearlyEgyptianphysicians.Torelieveindigestion,achewofpeppermintleavesandcarbonates(knowntoday.Asantacids)wasprescribed,andtonumbthepainoftoothextraction,Egyptiandoctorstemporarilystupefiedapatientwithethylalcohol.

Thescrollalsoprovidesarareglimpseintothehierarchyofancientdrugpreparation.The"'chiefofthepreparersofdrugs"wastheequivalentofaheadpharmacist,whosupervisedthe'"collectorsofdrugs."fieldworkers,whogatheredessentialmineralsandherbs.The'"preparers"aides"(technicians)driedandpulverizedingredients,whichwereblendedaccordingtocertainformulasbythe"preparers."

Andthe"conservatorofdrugs"oversawthestorehousewherelocalandimportedmineral,herb,andanimal-organingredientswerekept.BytheseventhcenturyB.C.theGreekshadadoptedasophisticatedmind-bodyviewofmedicine.They-believedthataphysicianmustpursuethediagnosisandtreatmentofthephysicalcausesofdiseasewithinascientificframework,aswellascurethesupernaturalcomponentsinvolved.Thus,thee