河南省許昌市2020?2021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題【含答案】

河南省許昌市2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音結(jié)束后,你將有兩分件的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出量佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒仲的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Vegetables.B.Orangejuice.C.Anemployee.2.WhatisPatwearing?A.Awhitehat.B.Awhiteshirt.C.Abrownshirt.3.Whatdidthemanborrowfromthewoman?A.HeriPhone.B.HeriPod.C.Hergymhag.4.Whowillthemancall?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Ataxi.5.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shewaslateforschool.B.Shego<lostwhiledriving.C.Shecouldn'tfindaparkingspot.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白,每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutpuppies?A.Theyarefree.B.Theyneedshots.C.Theyeatvegetables.7.Whatdoestheboyoffertodo?A.Buildahouseforthepuppy.B.Takegoodcareofthepuppy.C.Givethepuppysomehisfood聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題.8.Whydoesthemanwantthedooroiled?A.It'sveryold.B.It'shardtoopen.C.kmakestoomuchnoise9.Whendoesthewomanusuallycomehome?A.Lateatnight.B.Inthemiddleoftheday.C.Earlyinthemorning.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemanexpectfortheyear?A.It'llbefun.b.It'llbedifficultC.It'llbeeasy.11.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.MajorinEnglish.B.Volunteeratthezoo.C.Attendmedicalschool.12.Howoftenwillthewomanbevolunteering?A.Everyday.B.Everyweekend.C.Threedaysaweek.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題13Whodidthewomanjustmed?A.Apsychologist.B.Herdoctor.C.Oneofherfriends.14Whatmightbethecauseofthewoman'ssleepingproblems?A.Anxiety.B.Toomuchwork.C.Hepillsshetakes.15Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Exercisingoutdoors.B.Talkingmoreoftentoothers.C.Notusingthecomputerforawhile.16.Whendoesthemanusuallyfallasleep?A.At8；00p.m.B.At9：00p.m.C.Atl0：00p.m.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。DWhendidthestormstart?A.Thismorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Lastnight.18.Whohasbeenrescuedbyboat?A.Peoplelivinginlowareas,B.Peoplelivingnearthehills.C.Peoplelivingneartheocean.19.HowmanypeoplearewithoutA.Thousands.B.HundredsC.Several.20.WhatdoestheWeatherServicesuggestpeopledo?A.Notleavetheirhomes.B.Turnofftheirelectricity.C.Drivecarefullythroughwater.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourremarkableinventionsFormorethanhalfacentury,theConsumerElectronicsShow(CES)hasbeentheplaceforcompaniesandinventorstodisplaytheirnewestandcoolestgadgets.Hereareourpicksforsomeofthemostinterestingandcreativeinventions.TheSweetLittleRollingRobotSamsunghasreleasedBallie,atennis-sizedrobotthatcanfollowyouaroundthehouse,answeryourquestions,andentertainyourpets.Sinceit'sequippedwithacamera,itcankeepaneyeonyourhomewhileyou'reaway.It'slikeasmartassistantthatgoeswhereveryoudo,rollingintoyourbedroomtoringyourwake-upalarm,rollingtothekitchentoturnonthetoasterandgivingyoutheweatherreportasyoubrushyourteeth.TheInsolestoPickUpYourPactAnyrunnerknowstherightshoesarekeytoyourspeed.ButNurvvinsolespromisemorethanmerecushioning.Theinsolestransmitdatatoacoachingapp,whichoffersinformationonyourtechniqueandperformance.Itmeasuresyourfootstrikeandassessesyourinjuryrisk.Theappthengeneratespersonalizedworkoutstosettargetsandhelpyoubeatyourbestspeeds.Halfmarathon,hereyoucome!TheNo-Studio-NeededYogaClassCan'tkeepupyourcommitmenttoayogastudiomembership?TheYoganotchpersonalyogaassistantletsyoudropintoavirtualclassanytimeyouwant.Followalongwithasetserieswhile3-Dsensorstellyouwhetheryouneedtostraightenyourlegsabitmore.Theideaitthatitimprovesyourformwhilereducingtheriskofinjury.TheDau-EnhancedGrillWhileworkingbysight,smellandfeel,achefmayappreciateWeber'snewSmartGrillingHub.Itcanmonitoryourporkandturkeywhileanappgivesadviceaboutcookingtechniqueandsafetemperatures.1.WhatcantheSweetLittleRollingRobotdo?A.Feedyourpets. B.Haytenniswithyou.C.Takeyouwhereveryouwant. D.Assistyoutodoyourhousework.2.Whichofthefollowingissuitableforarunner?A.Ballie. B.Nurvv. C.Yoganotch. D.SmartGrillingHub.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheWeber’sinvention?A.Itusesvirtualreality. B.Itisconvenientforcooking.C.Itmakesmealsforyouautomatically. D.Ithelpsyoudowellinyouryogaexercises.1.D2.B3.B【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)最有趣和最有創(chuàng)意的發(fā)明的情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“It'slikeasmartassistantthatgoeswhereveryoudo,rollingintoyourbedroomtoringyourwake-upalarm,rollingtothekitchentoturnonthetoasterandgivingyoutheweatherreportasyoubrushyourteeth.(它就像一個(gè)智能助手，無(wú)論你去哪里，它都會(huì)滾進(jìn)你的臥室，敲響你的鬧鐘，滾到廚房打開(kāi)烤面包機(jī)，在你刷牙的時(shí)候?yàn)槟悴?bào)天氣預(yù)報(bào))”可知，SweetLittleRollingRobot可以幫助你做家務(wù)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheInsolestoPickUpYourPact部分中“Anyrunnerknowstherightshoesarekeytoyourspeed.ButNurvvinsolespromisemorethanmerecushioning.Theinsolestransmitdatatoacoachingapp,whichoffersinformationonyourtechniqueandperformance.Itmeasuresyourfootstrikeandassessesyourinjuryrisk.Theappthengeneratespersonalizedworkoutstosettargetsandhelpyoubeatyourbestspeeds.(任何跑步者都知道正確的鞋子是你速度的關(guān)鍵。但Nurvv鞋墊承諾的不僅僅是緩沖。這款鞋墊可以將數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)揭粋€(gè)教練應(yīng)用程序，后者會(huì)提供有關(guān)你的技術(shù)和表現(xiàn)的信息。它會(huì)測(cè)量你的腳傷并評(píng)估你受傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。然后，這款應(yīng)用會(huì)生成個(gè)性化的鍛煉計(jì)劃，設(shè)定目標(biāo)，幫助你打破最佳速度)”可知，Nurvv適合跑步者。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whileworkingbysight,smellandfeel,achefmayappreciateWeber'snewSmartGrillingHub.Itcanmonitoryourporkandturkeywhileanappgivesadviceaboutcookingtechniqueandsafetemperatures.(通過(guò)視覺(jué)、嗅覺(jué)和觸覺(jué)工作時(shí)，廚師可能會(huì)欣賞Weber的新智能燒烤架。它可以監(jiān)控你的豬肉和火雞，同時(shí)一款應(yīng)用程序會(huì)提供烹飪技巧和安全溫度方面的建議)”可知，Weber的發(fā)明做飯很方便。故選B。BTwoyoungbrothersfromMalden.MassachusettswereinthespotlightThursdayafterbeingnamed“heroes"byanationalorganizationthatrecognizesyoungpeopledoinggreatthings.FortheBennettbrothers,thegoaloftheirworkisnothinglessthanhelpingresearchersfindacureforcancer.Andtheirinspirationcamefromafriend.Thirteen-year-oldHanyBennettandhisnine-year-oldbrotherHeathruntheirbusinessoutoftheirfamilykitchen."We'remakinglipbalm（潤(rùn)唇膏），"Harrysays.Theygottheideatwoyearsagowhentheirfriend,Timmy,wasdiagnosed（診斷）withcancer.brotherswantedtodosomething.Welearnedthatcancerpatients（lipsandskincangetreallydrybecauseofchemotherapy（化療），Hanysays.Alightbulbwentoffinbothoftheiryoungheads,and"BennettBrothersBalmwasborn."Wemakelipbalm,whichiskindoflikeourmainproduct/saysHeath.Theyalsomakeandselldifferentbodybalms,allnatural,allhandmade,whiletheprofitsbenefitcancerresearch."We'veraisedS15,000/Heathsays.Andwiththegreatoptimismofchildren,theydon'tjustwanttohelp；theywonttowin.Wewanttofindacure.Wewanttohelpdoctorsfindacure,Harryexplains,ThebrothersarealsoGeldingateamfortheLighttheNightWalk,tofightcancer.something...sgreattoraisemoneyandhelppeoplewhohavecancer,"saysHeath.Theirparentsplayabigroleaswell,butit'stheboyswhoprovidethemostenthusiasmwithamessagewecanalllearnfrom."Ifyouwanttodosomething...doit,"Harrysays."Ijustfeelverygladthatwe'rehelping.Itfeelsverygood”，addsHeath.HarnandHeathjustreceivedtheS10,000GloriaBarronPrizeforYoungHeroes.Hwyintendtosavesomeofilforcollege,investsomeofitintheirbusinessandgivetheresttocharity.AndtheirfriendTimmy?"He'sdoinggreat.He'sallbetter,Harrysays.4.WhatencouragedtheBennettbrotherstomakelipbalmatfirst?A.Helpingafriendwithcancer. B.Findingacureforcancer.C.Raisingpublicawarenessofcancer. D.Collectingmoneyforcancerpatients.5.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3mean?A.Thetwobrothersfinishedtheirfirstproduct.B.Thetwobrotherscameupwithanidea.C.Thetwobrothersstruggledforastress-freelife.D.Thetwobrothersfoundaneffectivewaytostudy.6.WhatdotheBennettbrothersthinkoftheirwork?A.Itisquitecompetitive. B.Itiswellworthwhile.C.Itfailstosatisfytheirparents. D.lthelpsthemmakeabigprofit.7.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotelluswiththetwobrothers'story?A.Greatmindsthinkalike.B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Youngkidscanmakeabigdifference.D.Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.4.A5.B6.B7.C【分析】本篇是記敘文。文章講述兄弟倆研制潤(rùn)唇膏，幫助患癌癥的朋友，后來(lái)又做慈善，從而獲得英雄稱號(hào)的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Theygottheideatwoyearsagowhentheirfriend,Timmy,wasdiagnosed（診斷）withcancer.brotherswantedtodosomething.”可知，他們是在看望患有癌癥的朋友Timmy時(shí)，產(chǎn)生了為他做點(diǎn)什么的想法。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容和畫(huà)線句后"BennettBrothersBalmwasborn.”（班納特兄弟潤(rùn)唇膏誕生了）可知，畫(huà)線句的意思是“他們產(chǎn)生了新的想法”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Ijustfeelverygladthatwe'rehelping.Itfeelsverygood.”可知，兄弟倆對(duì)自己所做的事情感到自豪，認(rèn)為它是十分值得的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講述兄弟倆研制潤(rùn)唇膏，幫助患癌癥的朋友，后來(lái)又做慈善，從而獲得英雄稱號(hào)的故事，可以看出盡管他們年幼，但胸懷大志，有所作為，作者想要告訴我們的就是這一點(diǎn)，A.Greatmindsthinkalike.（英雄所見(jiàn)略同）；B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.（人多智廣）；C.Youngkidscanmakeabigdifference.（孩子也可以有所作為）；D.Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.（千里之行始于足下），故選C項(xiàng)。CItaly'sfashioncapitalisgray—notonlybecauseoftheblocksofstonebuildings，butalsoduetoitsoften-graysky,whichtrapspollution.ButMilannowwantstochangeit.Thecityhasanambitiousplantoplant3millionnewtreesby2030-amovethatexpertssaycouldofferrelieffromthecity'shotweather.Someprojectshavealreadycontributedtoenvironmentalimprovements.ArchitectStefanoBoeri’sVerticalForestresidential(居民的)tower,completedin2014,aimstoimprovenotonlyairqualitybutthequalityoflifeforMilanresidents.BoericreatedasmallislandofgreeneryintheheartofMilan,fillingeverybalconywithplantsthatabsorbcarbondioxide.“Ithinkforestationisoneofthebestchancesthatwehavetoday.Itisoneofthemosteffectivewayswehavetofightclimatechange,becauseeveryonecanplanttrees,Boerisaid.DamianoDiSimine,amemberoftheenvironmentalgroupLegambiente,saidthegreenMilanprojectwilllowertemperaturesinacitywherethenighttimetemperaturecanbe6degreesCelsiushigherthaninthesurroundingarea.CityshowthatMilanexperiences35hotnightsayear.BecausethecityliesclosetotheAlps,Milingetsverylittlewindtolowerthecity'stemperatures."Plantingtreeswillhelpthis,"Disaid.TheVerticalForesthasattractedmorethan20speciesofbirds.Andtheshadeprovidedbythe800treesand15,000plantsmeansthatresidentsrarelyhavetoputonairconditioning,eveninhotsummers.TheVerticalForest'stotalgreenery-canabsorb30metrictonsofcarbondioxideeveryyear.Thepresenceofgreentreeshasaveryimportanteffectonpeople'shealthandpsychologicalstate,ashasalreadybeenproved.8.WhatchangedoesMilanplantomake?A.Plantingmoretrees.B.Creatinganewfashionstyle.C.Pullingdownmoregraystonebuildings.D.Doingmoresurveystostudyglobalwanning.9.What'sBoeri'sopiniononthecity'splan?A.Itcostsalot.B.Itisunpractical.C.Itfailstoattractpeople'sattention.D.Itishelpfultofightagainstclimatechange.10.WhatisDiSimine'sattitudetowardthecity'splan?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive.C.Disappointed. D.Unconcerned.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Specificsofthecity'splan.B.Challengesfacedbythecity.C.TheaimoftheVerticalForestproject.D.ThepositiveeffectoftheVerticalForestproject.8.A9.D10.B11.D【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講述意大利的時(shí)尚之都米蘭計(jì)劃要在2030年之前種植300萬(wàn)棵新樹(shù)，不僅能夠改善米蘭的氣候，而且改變米蘭以前的灰色的城市構(gòu)造?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“ButMilannowwantstochangeit(但現(xiàn)在米蘭想要改變這一現(xiàn)狀。)和第二段的第一句“Thecityhasanambitiousplantoplant3millionnewtreesby2030(該市有一個(gè)雄心勃勃的計(jì)劃，要在2030年之前種植300萬(wàn)棵新樹(shù)。)可知，米蘭計(jì)劃種更多的樹(shù)，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“‘Ithinkforestationisoneofthebestchancesthatwehavetoday.Itisoneofthemosteffectivewayswehavetofightclimatechange,becauseeveryonecanplanttrees,’Boerisaid.(“我認(rèn)為植樹(shù)造林是我們現(xiàn)在最好的機(jī)會(huì)之一。這是我們對(duì)抗氣候變化最有效的方法之一，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人都可以種樹(shù)，”博埃里說(shuō)。)可知，博埃里認(rèn)為種樹(shù)有助于對(duì)抗氣候變化，故選D。

【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“DamianoDiSimine,amemberoftheenvironmentalgroupLegambiente,saidthegreenMilanprojectwilllowertemperaturesinacitywherethenighttimetemperaturecanbe6degreesCelsiushigherthaninthesurroundingarea.(環(huán)保組織成員DiSimine說(shuō)，綠色米蘭項(xiàng)目將降低這個(gè)夜間氣溫比周?chē)貐^(qū)高6攝氏度的城市的氣溫)”和“"Plantingtreeswillhelpthis,"Disaid.(“植樹(shù)會(huì)有幫助的，”迪說(shuō)。)”可推斷，DiSimine對(duì)這個(gè)城市計(jì)劃是支持的。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“HieVerticalForesthasattractedmorethan20speciesofbirds.Andtheshadeprovidedbythe800treesand15,000plantsmeansthatresidentsrarelyhavetoputonairconditioning,eveninhotsummers.TheVerticalForest'stotalgreenery-canabsorb30metrictonsofcarbondioxideeveryyear.Thepresenceofgreentreeshasaveryimportanteffectonpeople'shealthandpsychologicalstate,ashasalreadybeenproved(垂直森林計(jì)劃已經(jīng)吸引了20多種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。而800棵樹(shù)和15000株植物提供的樹(shù)蔭意味著居民很少需要安裝空調(diào)，即使是在炎熱的夏天。垂直森林的總綠色植物——每年能吸收30公噸的二氧化碳。綠樹(shù)的存在對(duì)人們的健康和心理狀態(tài)有非常重要的影響)”可推斷，本段主要講述垂直森林項(xiàng)目的積極影響。故選D。DInrecentyearspeoplehavebeenfocusingonthequalityoffoodthatchildrenarefedinschools.FormerFirstLadyMichelleObamaworkedhardtomakeschoolluncheshealthier,resultinginnewmenusthatfeaturedlessfatandsalt,morefruitsandvegetables.Buthigh-qualitynutrientscountforlittlewhenthereisnotimetoeatthem.AmyEttingerreports,"Thereisnonationalstandardonhowmuchtimekidsgettoeatthatmeal."Andwithschoolsbeingoccupiedwithtestscores,teachersareusingeveryavailableminuteforlessontime,whichoftenleaveskidswithoutenougheatingtime.Thisisaproblembecausethelengthoftheschoollunchperiodisakeyfactor(因素)inhowmuchnutritionchildrenactuallygel.Researchhasfoundthathavinglessthan20minutesforlunchresultsinchildrenconsumingmuchlessoftheirlunchthanthosewithmorethan20minutes.Thisisreallyterrible.Formanylow-incomekids,thatcafeterialunchcanrepresenthalftheirdailyenergyintake.There'salsoanotherterriblemessagethatit'sacceptabletowolfdownfoodasfastaspossiblebeforerushingofftoyournextclass.Cafeteriatimeshouldbeachancetointeractwithfriends,tolearnimportantsocialskills,toobserveandsharevarietiesoffood.Itshouldbeabreakinday,achancetorelaxbeforeheadingintotheafternoon.AsEttingerexplainssomeparentsarehopingtheNationalParentTeacherAssociationwilladdressthisissue.This,inturn,wouldhelpparentspushtheirkids'schoolsforbetterlunchtimestandards.Meanwhile,ifyouhaveakidinthissituation,youcanhelpbypackingahealthylunchtorethemthecafeterialineup.Makethefoodseasytoeat,providenon-messysnacksthatcanbeeateninclass,putgreateffortintoservingaheartybreakfast,andsitdownasafamilyfordinnerwheneverpossible.12.WhatdidMichelleObamamakeeffortstoimprove?A.Thequalityofschoollunches. B.Theperformanceofschoolkids.C.Theschoollunchtimekidshave. D.Theeatinghabitsofschoolkids.13.WhathappenstochildreninAmericanschools?A.Theyareoccupiedwithmanytests. B.Theyfailtogetalongwitheachother.C.Theyconsumemoremeatthanbefore. D.Theyhavelesslunchtimethanbefore.14.Howarelow-incomekidsinfluencedbytheproblematschool?A.Theycan'tgotoclassesontime.B.Theycan'thaveenoughenergy.C.Theycan'tsharedifferentkindsoffood.D.Theycan'tholdapositiveattitudetowardlife.15Whatcanparentsdotosolvetheproblem?A.Prepareabetterlunchfortheirkids.B.Stoptheirkidsgoingtothecafeteria.C.Forceschoolstomakeadjustmentstolunch.D.Guidetheirkidsonhowtopacktheirownlunch.12.A13.D14.B15.A【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了美國(guó)的孩子們由于忙于學(xué)習(xí)沒(méi)有足夠時(shí)間吃午飯，尤其是低收入的孩子無(wú)法吸取足夠的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。文章號(hào)召家長(zhǎng)給孩子們準(zhǔn)備好有營(yíng)養(yǎng)、容易打開(kāi)食用的健康午餐?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Inrecentyears,peoplehavebeenfocusingonthequalityoffoodthatchildrenarefedinschools.FormerFirstLadyMichelleObamaworkedhardtomakeschoolluncheshealthier,resultinginnewmenusthatfeaturedlessfatandsalt,morefruitsandvegetables.(近年來(lái)，人們一直關(guān)注在學(xué)校里孩子吃的食物的質(zhì)量。前第一夫人米歇爾·奧巴馬努力讓學(xué)校的午餐更健康，結(jié)果新菜單有更少的脂肪和鹽，更多的水果和蔬菜)”可知，米歇爾·奧巴馬努力改善學(xué)校午餐的質(zhì)量。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Andwithschoolsbeingoccupiedwithtestscores,teachersareusingeveryavailableminuteforlessontime,whichoftenleaveskidswithoutenougheatingtime.(由于學(xué)校忙于成績(jī)，老師們會(huì)用每一分鐘來(lái)上課，這通常會(huì)讓孩子們沒(méi)有足夠的吃飯時(shí)間)”可知，在美國(guó)各地的學(xué)校里，午餐時(shí)間不足是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。由此可知，美國(guó)學(xué)校里的孩子們比以前有缺少吃午飯的時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Researchhasfoundthathavinglessthan20minutesforlunchresultsinchildrenconsumingmuchlessoftheirlunchthanthosewithmorethan20minutes.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)午餐時(shí)間不足20分鐘的孩子比午餐時(shí)間超過(guò)20分鐘的孩子吃的午餐要少得多)”，再根據(jù)第四段中的“Formanylow-incomekids,thatcafeterialunchcanrepresenthalftheirdailyenergyintake.(對(duì)于許多低收入的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，自助午餐相當(dāng)于他們每日能量攝入的一半)”可推知，受學(xué)校這個(gè)問(wèn)題的影響，低收入家庭的孩子不能吸收足夠的營(yíng)養(yǎng)的。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Meanwhile,ifyouhaveakidinthissituation,youcanhelpbypackingahealthylunchtorethemthecafeterialineup.(與此同時(shí)，如果你的孩子有這種情況，你可以幫他們打包一份健康的午餐，這樣他們就不用去自助餐廳了)”可知，父母可以通過(guò)為孩子準(zhǔn)備更好的午餐來(lái)幫助解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhyyoushouldstillwriteandsendpostcardsArepostcardsstillrelevantintheselfie(自拍)generation?Surprisingly,yes!Postcardsareathoughtfulwayofshowingapersonthatyoucareevenwhilefaraway.____16____.Buthereareafewreasonsitisstillconsideredgoodpracticetosendpostcards.Showyourcare____17____Itwilltakeyouonlyafewminutestowriteamessageandasecondtosendit.Butpostcardsaredifferent,showeffortandthoughtfulness.Youneedtofindtherightone,aswellashandwritingyourmessageandthensendittothepersonyoulovebyslowmail.Imaginethetimeandeffortyouhavetoputinsimplymeanstherecipientissomeoneyoureallycareabout.RecordyourtravelsYoumayusepostcardsaskeepsakesofyourtravels.Theycanalsodoubleasyourtraveljournal.____18____.Youcancreateascrapbook(剪貼簿)ofallthepostcardsyouhavecollectedfromyourtravels.GetonebackApostcardisapleasantsurprise.Itisafungesturethatbringsgreatjoytoothers.____19____.Ifyouandyourfriendsagreetosendeachotherpostcards,youcanbuildupagreatcollectionofamazingmemories.LastalifetimePostcardsareuniqueandoneofakind,sotheyaregreatforsafekeeping.Digitalphotoscangetlost.____20____.Theyaresomethingyoucanlookbacktointhefutureandbeabletosharewithothersaswell.A.PostcardscanbesentinstantlynowadaysB.Ofcourse,thereistheissueofsendingthembyslowmailC.Don'texpectthesimilaractfromyourfriendsandjustsendthemoneD.TextisnowtheeasiestandfastestwaytocommunicatewithsomeoneE.Whenyousendsomebodyapostcard,theymightsendyouonebacklateronF.YoucansendonetoyourhomeaddressafteryouhaveexperiencedsomethingwonderfulG.However,postcardscanexistforalongtimebybeinghungonwallsorplacedonashelf16.B17.D18.F19.E20.G【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了為什么現(xiàn)在還要寄明信片的幾點(diǎn)原因。【16題詳解】上文“Postcardsareathoughtfulwayofshowingapersonthatyoucareevenwhilefaraway.”（明信片是一種深思熟慮的方式，向一個(gè)人表達(dá)你的關(guān)心，即使在很遠(yuǎn)的地方）指出寄明信片的好處，下文“Buthereareafewreasonsitisstillconsideredgoodpracticetosendpostcards.”（但是這里有幾個(gè)原因，寄明信片仍然被認(rèn)為是好的做法）中But表轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明此處會(huì)提到寄明信片的弊端，故B項(xiàng)（當(dāng)然，還有一個(gè)問(wèn)題就是用慢郵件發(fā)送）符合語(yǔ)境?！?7題詳解】下文“Itwilltakeyouonlyafewminutestowriteamessageandasecondtosendit.”（寫(xiě)一條信息只需要幾分鐘，發(fā)一條信息只需要一秒鐘）說(shuō)明此處會(huì)提到一種簡(jiǎn)單快捷的交流方式——發(fā)短信，D項(xiàng)中的Text與下文中的message一致，故D項(xiàng)（現(xiàn)在，短信是與人溝通最簡(jiǎn)單、最快捷的方式）符合語(yǔ)境?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youmayusepostcardsaskeepsakesofyourtravels.Theycanalsodoubleasyourtraveljournal.”可知，你可以用明信片作為旅行的紀(jì)念品。它們也可以兼作你的旅行日記，此處承接上文，講的是明信片在旅行中的作用，而且F項(xiàng)與空后一句句式一致，都指出了處理旅行明信片的一種做法，故F項(xiàng)（在你經(jīng)歷了一些美妙的事情之后，你可以寄一張到你的家里）符合語(yǔ)境?！?9題詳解】上文“Apostcardisapleasantsurprise.Itisafungesturethatbringsgreatjoytoothers.”（明信片是一個(gè)驚喜，能夠給別人帶來(lái)巨大快樂(lè)）指出誰(shuí)收到明信片都會(huì)感到非?？鞓?lè)，此處承接上文，講的是收到明信片之后的做法，故E項(xiàng)（當(dāng)你給某人寄明信片時(shí)，他們隨后可能回寄一張）符合語(yǔ)境?！?0題詳解】上文“Digitalphotoscangetlost.”（數(shù)碼照片可能會(huì)丟失）指出數(shù)碼照片保存時(shí)間短，此處與之對(duì)比，說(shuō)的是明信片可以長(zhǎng)期保存，空后一句中的They指代的就是G項(xiàng)中的postcards，故G項(xiàng)（然而，明信片可以掛在墻上或放在架子上很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）符合語(yǔ)境。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Whileweallhearthatthisorthatisbadforus,andtheconflictinginformationcanbefrustrating（令人沮喪的）tosaytheleast,thereisonethingthatdoctorsandexperts____21____warnusabout,andthatistheuseof____22____containers.Weallwanttodowhatisbestforour____23____.However,itcanbehardto____24____allthenewestinformationandwarnings.Whileplasticcontainerscanbegreatfor____25____food,doctorssaythatweshouldfindamuchbetterwaytokeepit.Newresearchtellsusthatweshouldnever____26____plasticcontainerstoputhotfoodin,ortoheatupfoodin.Ifyou'veeverheardaboutBPA（雙酚A）,you'veprobablyheardthatitcanbe____27____.Itisputintheplasticincontainerstohardenthem,butisknowntobe____28____toourhealth.TheproblemwithBPAisthatitcanchangethetimingofpuberty（發(fā)育期），increasebodyfat,and____29____theimmuneandnervoussystems.Phthalates（塑化劑）arejustasbadforyourbodyandarealso______30______inplastic.Theyareusedtomakeplasticmoreflexibleandcan______31______cardiovascular（心血管的）disease.WeusedtothinkthatBPAwas______32______released（釋放）intoourfoodwhenwe______33______ourfoodintheseplasticcontainersinthemicrowave,butstudiesshowtherearemore______34______ofthesechemicalsthanwethink.Studieshavealsoshownthatputtingtheseplasticcontainersinthedishwashercanalsoreleasethese______35______whichmeansthey'renoteven______36______afteryouwashthem.Sowhatarewesupposedtodo?Experts______37______buyingglasscontainers.Thesewon'thavethechemicalissuesthatplasticcontainersdo,and______38______withenoughofusbuyingthem,producerswill______39______thepriceofglasscontainers,somoreandmorepeoplecanaffordtobuythem.______40______thisstorywithyourfamilyandfriendssothattheycanbesuretokeeptheirfamiliessafetoo!21.A.privately B.consistently C.recently D.apparently22.A.recycled B.locked C.plastic D.handy23.A.research B.health C.children D.customers24.A.keepupwith B.putupwith C.lookforwardto D.lookbackon25.A.preparing B.serving C.ordering D.storing26.A.takeover B.relyon C.careabout D.shutup27.A.poisonous B.addictive C.different D.cheap28.A.relevant B.useful C.harmful D.important29.A.affect B.reflect C.control D.support30.A.increased B.cleaned C.predicted D.found31.A.respondto B.contributeto C.fightagainst D.mixwith32.A.even B.still C.already D.only33.A.cooked B.preserved C.produced D.harvested/r