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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.問答題
DemographicindicatorsshowthatAmericansinthepostwarperiodweremoreeagerthanevertoestablish
families.Theyquicklybroughtdowntheageatmarriageforbothmenandwomen
A
andbroughtthebirthratetoatwentiethcenturyheightaftermorethanahundredyearsofsteady
B
C
decline,producingthe"babyboom."
D
【答案】試題答案:B;high
【解析】考查形容詞。此處表示他們把男女的婚齡降了下來,使出生率達到了20世紀的高峰。height是名詞,一般表示“高度”;high是形容詞,一般表示“很高的”,修飾名詞。
2.問答題
Lessnotedbutequallysignificant,themenandwomenwhoformedfamiliesbetween1940and1960also
reducedthedivorcerateafterapostwarpeak:theirmarriagesremainedintacttoa
A
B
greaterextentthandidthatofcoupleswhomarriedinearlieraswellaslaterdecades.
C
D
【答案】試題答案:C;those
【解析】考查代詞。由“theirmarriages”可知此處代詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式,that的復(fù)數(shù)形式為those。
3.填空題
Duringthepasttenorfifteenyearsagreatdealofattentionhasbeen(1)to“tellingitlikeitis,”“or“l(fā)ettingitallhangout.”Myimpressionisthatthisoverzealousdevotiontospeakingone’smindhasmoreoftenledtohurtfeelingsandruinedrelationshipsthantogreatjoyandfulfillment.
Ithinkwegenerallyagreethatneverexpressingrealfeelingsandrepressingallless-than-lovelythoughtsabouteachother
(2)
leadstoconstructivecommunication.It’sagreatrelieftoallowourselvestheluxuryofacknowledgingourhumanfrailtiesandpursuingmorehonestrelationshipswithothers.Butweneedtostrikea
(3)
betweentellingitallandtellingnothing.
RecentlyIreceivedaletterfromamotherwhohadbeenpersuadedbyhertroubledtwenty-five-year-oldsontoattendaweekendmarathonwithhim.Underpressurefromthegroup,herdefensescollapsedandsheheardherselftellinghersonforthefirsttimethathehadbeenanaccident—thatshehadn’tbeenplanningtohaveachild.Hein
(4)
toldherthathecouldn’trecallasingledayinhischildhoodthathe’dbeenhappy.
“Atthattime,”thiswomanwrote,“itseemedhelpful.Wecriedandwemade
(5)
;Ithoughttellingthetruthhadbeengoodforus.Butthetroubleis,itwasn’tthewholetruth.BythetimeTommywasbornIdidwanthim,andat
(6)
hewashappy.Eversincethatday,we’vebothbeenhauntedbysometerriblefeelingsweshared.”ImustadmitthatI’vecometotheconclusionthatsomethingsarebetterleftunsaid.Honestyisafinepolicyas
(7)
asweknowwhatthetruthreallyis—butmostofthetimewedon’t.It’safinegoaltoencouragechildrentoexpresstheirrealfeelings.Andmanymarriageshavebeensavedbyanopenconfrontationofdeepandpainfulmisunderstandings.Butweneedanewsenseofbalance.Disclosureisnotapanaceaforeveryproblem
(8)
evenanendinitself.It’susefulandfreeingundersomecircumstancesandterriblyhurtfulanddamagingunderothers.
It’sagoodidea,Ithink,to
(9)
yourtonguefortenorfifteenminutesbeforesayingwhat’s
(10)
yourmind.Trytodecidewhetherit’sgoingtoopenupnewandbetteravenuesofcommunicationorleavewoundsthatmayneverheal.
【答案】1.考查固定搭配。attention一般與give相搭配,此處表示被動,用被動語態(tài)given。
試題答案:given
2.考查上下文語義。此處表示從不表達真實的感情很取得有效的溝通,故用否定形式hardly,意為“幾乎不”。
試題答案:hardly
3.考查上下文語義。此句意為:但我們需要在說出這一切和什么都不說之間取得平衡。strikeabalance意為“達成平衡,調(diào)和折衷”。
試題答案:balance
4.考查介詞搭配。inturn意為“反過來”。
試題答案:turn
5.考查固定搭配。makeup意為“和解,和好”。
試題答案:up
6.考查固定搭配。attimes意為“有時”。
試題答案:times
7.考查固定搭配。aslongas意為“只要”。
試題答案:long
8.考查固定搭配。nor意為“也不”,not...nor意為“不……也不”,表示否定兩者。
試題答案:nor
9.考查固定搭配。biteone’stongue意為“忍住不說話”。
試題答案:bite
10.考查固定搭配。onone’smind意為“使人擔心,惦記”。
試題答案:on
4.單選題
Itwasoncethoughtthatairpollutionaffectsonlytheareaimmediatelyaroundlargecitieswithfactoriesand/orheavyautomobiletraffic.Today,weknowthatalthoughthesearetheareaswiththeworstairpollution,theproblemisliterallyworldwide.Onseveraloccasionsoverthepastdecade,aheavycloudofairpollutionhascoveredtheentireeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatesandledtohealthwarningseveninruralareasawayfromanymajorconcentrationofmanufacturingandautomobiletraffic.Infact,theveryclimateoftheentireearthmaybeaffectedbyairpollution.Somescientistsfeelthattheincreasingconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheairresultingfromtheburningoffossilfuels(coalandoil)iscreatinga“greenhouseeffect”—holdinginheatreflectedfromtheearthandraisingtheworld’saveragetemperature.Ifthisviewiscorrectandtheworld’stemperatureisraisedonlyafewdegrees,muchofthepolaricecapwillmeltandcitiessuchasNewYork,Boston,Miami,andNewOrleanswillbeunderwater.
Anotherview,lesswidelyheld,isthatincreasingparticularmatterintheatmosphereisblockingsunlightandloweringtheearth’stemperature—aresultthatwouldbeequallydisastrous.Adropofjustafewdegreescouldcreatesomethingclosetoanewiceage,andwouldmakeagriculturedifficultorimpossibleinmanyofourtopfarmingareas.Atpresentwedonotknowforsurethateitheroftheseconditionswillhappen(thoughonerecentgovernmentreportpreparedbyexpertsinthefieldconcludedthatthegreenhouseeffectisverylikely).Perhaps,ifweareverylucky,thetwotendencieswilloffseteachotherandtheworld’stemperaturewillstayaboutthesameasitisnow.
1.Aspointedoutatthebeginningofthepassage,peopleusedtothinkthatairpollution(
).
2.Asfarasthegreenhouseeffectisconcerned,theauthor
(
).
3.Theword“offset”inthesecondparagraphcouldbestbereplacedby
(
).
4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagetha
(
).
5.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwith(
).
問題1選項
A.causedwidespreaddamageinthecountryside
B.affectedtheentireeasternhalfoftheUnitedStates
C.haddamagingeffectsonhealth
D.existedmerelyinurbanandindustrialareas
問題2選項
A.sharesthesameviewwiththescientists
B.isuncertainofitsoccurrence
C.rejectsitasbeingungrounded
D.thinksthatitwilldestroytheworldsoon
問題3選項
A.slipinto
B.makeupfor
C.setup
D.catchupwith
問題4選項
A.raisingtheworld’stemperatureonlyafewdegreeswouldnotdomuchharmtolifeonearth.
B.loweringtheworld’stemperaturemerelyafewdegreeswouldleadmanymajorfarmingareastodisaster.
C.almostnotemperaturevariationshaveoccurredoverthepastdecade.
D.theworld’stemperaturewillremainconstantintheyearstocome.
問題5選項
A.greenhouseeffect
B.heburningoffossilfuel
C.thepotentialeffectofairpollution
D.thelikelihoodofanewiceage
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:B
第3題:B
第4題:B
第5題:C
【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Itwasoncethoughtthatairpollutionaffectsonlytheareaimmediatelyaroundlargecitieswithfactoriesand/orheavyautomobiletraffic.”人們曾經(jīng)認為,空氣污染只會影響那些有工廠和/或交通嚴重的大城市周圍的地區(qū)。因此D選項“只存在于城市和工業(yè)區(qū)”符合題意。
2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Atpresentwedonotknowforsurethateitheroftheseconditionswillhappen.”目前,我們不確定這兩種情況是否會發(fā)生,可知作者對溫室效應(yīng)會產(chǎn)生哪種情況是不確定的,因此選B。
3.詞義題。slipinto意為“滑進”;makeupfor意為“補償”;setup意為“建立”;catchupwith意為“追上”。單詞“offset”位于文章第二段最后一句中“Perhaps,ifweareverylucky,thetwotendencieswill(也許,如果我們幸運的話,這兩種趨勢將相互)offseteachotherandtheworld’stemperaturewillstayaboutthesameasitisnow(世界氣溫將保持目前的水平).”根據(jù)單詞前后的句意再結(jié)合選項意思,可知A選項最為恰當,offset意為“抵消,補償”。
4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“...blockingsunlightandloweringtheearth’stemperature—aresultthatwouldbeequallydisastrous(災(zāi)難性的).Adropofjustafewdegreescouldcreatesomethingclosetoanewiceage,andwouldmakeagriculturedifficultorimpossibleinmanyofourtopfarmingareas.”可知降低地球的溫度會導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的結(jié)果,哪怕只降低幾度也會使許多農(nóng)業(yè)地區(qū)受到影響,因此B選項“將世界的溫度降低僅僅幾度會導(dǎo)致許多主要的農(nóng)業(yè)地區(qū)發(fā)生災(zāi)難”符合題意。
5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了空氣污染問題,提及的兩種觀點可能會帶來全球的影響,因此選C,文章主要涉及空氣污染帶來的潛在影響。
5.翻譯題
TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese.
It’srainingagain.AsIlieawakeinbed,listeningtothesoundofthoserazor-sharpdropspoundingonthepavement,mymindgoesreelingdowndarkcorridorsteemingwithagonizingflashbacks,andachillfromwithinfillsmewithdread.It’sraining,again.
ItdoesthisyearinSouthernCalifornia;atleastthat’swhattheytoldmelastyearwhenImarveledattherelentlessdeterminationoftherain.Thereseemtobetwoseasonshere.Duringtherainyseason,sometimesthestormsdrenchtheareanonstopfordays.Sometimesthestormscomeandgo.Oftenpropertydamageanddisruptedlivesresult.It’shardtopredicttheintensityofthepatternsfromyeartoyear.Thenthereisthefireseason.Thattakescareofthepropertythatmanagedtosurvivethedeluge,againdisruptinglives.Thedaysconnectingtheseseasonsaremonotonous,withsomesun,somesmogandsomemoresun.ThisisnothinglikebackhomeinColorado.
【答案】又下雨了。我醒著躺在床上,聽著那些犀利的的雨點掉落在人行道上的聲音。我的思緒陷入了黑暗的走廊,充滿了痛苦的回憶,內(nèi)心的寒意讓我充滿恐懼。又在下雨了
加利福尼亞南部,今年也如此。當我對雨無情地下個不停感到驚奇時,至少,去年他們是這樣告訴我的。這里似乎只有兩個季節(jié)。在雨季,有時暴風雨連續(xù)幾天不停地浸透這個地區(qū)。有時暴風雨來去不定。往往造成財產(chǎn)損失和生活混亂,每年都很難預(yù)測這種模式的強度。然后是火災(zāi)季節(jié),從洪水中幸存下來的財物就落到它手里了,再一次擾亂人們的生活。連著這些季節(jié)的日子是單調(diào)的,僅有一些太陽,一些霧和一些更多的太陽。這和回科羅拉多的家完全不同。
6.填空題
Eachmanisateverymomentsubjected(1)severaldifferentsetsoflawbutthereisonlyoneofthesewhichheisfree
(2)
disobey.Asabody,heissubjectedtogravitationand
(3)
disobeyit;ifyouleavehimunsupportedinmid-air,hehasnomorechoiceaboutfalling
(4)
astonehas.Asanorganism,heissubjectedtovariousbiologicallawswhichhecannotdisobeyanymorethan
(5)
animalcan.Thisis,hecannotdisobeythoselawswhichheshares
(6)
otherthings;butthelawwhichispeculiar
(7)
hishumannature,thelawhedoesnotsharewithanimalsorvegetablesorinorganicthings,istheonehecandisobey
(8)
hechooses.
Thislawwas
(9)
theLawofNaturebecausepeoplethoughtthateveryoneknewitbynatureanddidnotneedtobetaught
(10)
.Theydidnotmean,ofcourse,thatyoumightnotfindanoddindividualhereandthere
(11)
didnotknowit,justasyoufindafewpeoplewhoarecolor-blindorhave
(12)
earforatune.Buttakingtheraceasa
(13)
,theythoughtthatthehumanideaofdecentbehaviorwasobvioustoeveryone.Therehave
(14)
differencesbetweenpeople’smoralitiesindifferentcivilizationsandages,
(15)
thesehaveneveramounted
(16)anythinglikeatotaldifference.Menhavedifferedasregardswhatpeople
(17)
oughttobeunselfishto,whetheritwasonlyyourownfamily,oryourfellowcountrymen,oreveryone,buttheyhavealwaysagreedthatyouought
(18)
toputyourselffirst.Menhavedifferedastowhetheryoushouldhave
(19)
wifeorfour,buttheyhavealways
(20)
thatyoumustnotsimplyhaveanywomanyouliked.
【答案】1.考查介詞搭配。besubjectedto意為“服從于……,受限于……”。
試題答案:to
2.考查介詞搭配。根據(jù)句中的but可知句子前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。befreeto意為“不受約束”,與前面句意進行對比。
試題答案:to
3.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)后面的“hehasnomorechoice...hecannotdisobey”可知他不能違抗重力。
試題答案:cannot
4.考查比較級。根據(jù)前面的“hasnomorechoice”可知此處是將人類與石頭進行比較。than意為“與……比較”。
試題答案:than
5.考查不定冠詞。“a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示類別,a用在輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前;an則用在元音因素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。
試題答案:an
6.考查介詞搭配。sharewith意為“與…分享”,與后面的“hedoesnotsharewithanimals”相對應(yīng)。
試題答案:with
7.考查介詞搭配。bepeculiarto意為“為…所獨有的”。
試題答案:to
8.考查連詞。根據(jù)空格前“theonehecandisobey”與空格后“hechooses”可知此處表示條件關(guān)系,用連詞if。
試題答案:if
9.考查上下文語義。這個法則被稱為自然法則,用call的過去分詞called。
試題答案:called
10.考查代詞。根據(jù)前面的“everyoneknewit”可知此處表示不需要被教它,填it。
試題答案:it
11.考查關(guān)系代詞。從句中缺少主語且先行詞“anoddindividual(一個古怪的人)”指人,因此填who。
試題答案:who
12.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)前面的“whoarecolor-blind(色盲)”和空格前的“or”連接兩個并列的成分。havenoearfor意為“對……沒有欣賞能力”,與color-blind相對應(yīng)。
試題答案:no
13.考查固定搭配。asawhole意為“整體而言”。此處表示“就這個種族整體而言”。
試題答案:whole
14.考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的“haveneveramounted”可知此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時,be的過去分詞為been。
試題答案:been
15.考查連詞。根據(jù)前面的difference與后面的havenever可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,用連詞but。
試題答案:but
16.考查介詞搭配。amountto意為“發(fā)展成為;共計”。
試題答案:to
17.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)后面的youought可知此處填對應(yīng)的代詞you。
試題答案:you
18.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)句子開頭的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but,但你不應(yīng)該把自己放在第一位,因此填表示否定的副詞not。
試題答案:not
19.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)后面的four可知此處為數(shù)詞,wife為單數(shù)形式,因此填數(shù)詞one。
試題答案:one
20.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)第18空前面的buttheyhavealwaysagreedthat可知此處填agreed,與其相對應(yīng)。
試題答案:agreed
7.問答題
ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining,perhapsbecauseofattacksfromothertribesorperhapsbecauseofsevereclimaticchangesthatunderminedagriculture.Tothewest,anotherculture,basedonintensiveagriculture,wasbeginningtoflourish.ItscenterwasbeneathpresentdaySt.Louis,anditradiatedouttoenclosemostoftheMississippiwatershed,fromWisconsintoLouisianaandOklahomatoTennessee.Thousandsofvillageswereincludedinitsorbit.ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asitisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes.LiketheMoundBuildersoftheOhioregion,thesetribes,probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce,builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces.Thelargestofthem,risinginfourterracestoaheightofonehundredfeet,hasarectangularbaseofnearlyfifteenacres,largerthanthatoftheGreatPyramidofEgypt.BuiltbetweenA.D.900and1,100,thishugeearthworkfacesthesiteofacliffyIndiancitywhichcontainedmorethanonehundredsmallartificialmoundsmarkingburialsites.Spreadamongthemwasavastsettlementcontainingsome30,000peoplebycurrentestimations.ThefinelycraftedornamentsandtoolsrecoveredatCahokis,asthiscenterofMississippicultureiscalled,includeelaborateceramicsfinelysculptedstonework,carefullyembossedandengravedcopperandmicasheets,andonefuneralblanketfashionedfrom12,000shellbeads.TheyindicatethatCahokiawasatrueurbancenter,withclusteredhousing,markets,andspecialistsintool-making,hide-dressing,potting,jewelry-making,weaving,andsalt-making.
1.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?
2.InrelationtotheMississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculturewaslocated(
).
3.Fromthispassage,wecaninferthatMeso-Americancultureshadatraditionof(
).
【答案】1.主旨大意題。文章以MoundBuilderculture開頭,進而引出對MississippiCulture的介紹。
試題答案:
ThepassagemainlyintroducesthedevelopmentandachievementofMississippiCulture.
2.推理怕斷題。由文章開頭中的“ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining...Tothewest,anotherculture”可知MoundBuilderculture位于東方。
試題答案:
intheeast
3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章中的“probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce”可推測Meso-Americancultures有商業(yè)貿(mào)易的傳統(tǒng)。
試題答案:
tradeandcommerce
8.問答題
Yettohaveafamilynowadays—(A)withbirthcontrolreadilyavailable,and(B)inflationagoodeconomicargumentagainsthavingchildren—isnearlyanexpressionofambitionitself.Thoughambitionwasonce(C)thedomainchieflyofmonarchsandaristocrats,ithas,inmorerecenttimes,increasinglybecomethedomainofthemiddleclass.Working,saving,planning—these,thedailyaspectsofambition—havealwaysbeen(D)thedistinguishedmarksofarisingmiddleclass.
【答案】D;改成thedistinguishingmarks。distinguishing有區(qū)別的;distinguished卓越的,著名的。句意:工作,儲蓄,雄心壯志的計劃這些,每日方面——一直是崛起的中產(chǎn)階級的區(qū)分標志。
9.問答題
Anotherbenefitofthestudyofhistoryisthebroadrangeofhumanexperiencewhichis
A
covered.Warandpeacearecertainlycoveredlikearenationalandinternationalaffairs.However,
B
mattersofculture(art,literature,andmusic)arealsoincludedinhistoricalstudy.Humannatureisanimportantpartofhistory:emotionslikepassion,greed,andinsecurityhaveinfluencedtheshapingofworldaffairs.Anyonewhothinksthatthestudyofhistoryisboringhasnotreally
C
D
studiedhistory.
【答案】試題答案:B;as
【解析】考查連詞倒裝。由系動詞are被提到主語之前,可知此處用連詞as(如何……一樣)構(gòu)成倒裝。
10.單選題
ThetraditionalAmericanThanksgivingdaycelebration(1)to1621.
(2)
thatyearaspecialfeastwaspreparedinPlymouth,Massachusetts.Thecolonistswho
(3)
therehadleftEnglandbecausetheyfelt
(4)ofreligiousfreedom.Theycametothe
(5)
andfaceddifficultiesin
(6)
theocean.Theshipwhich
(7)
themwascalledMayflower.TheNorthAtlanticwasdifficulttotravel.Therewerebadstorms.Theywere(8)
inlearningtoliveinthenewearthbytheIndianswho
(9)
theregion.Thepuritans,
(10)
theywerecalled,hadmuchtobethankful
(11)
.Theirreligiouspracticeswere
(12)
longerasourceofcriticismbythegovernment.Theylearnedto
(13)
theirfarminghabitstotheclimateandsoil.
(14)
theyselectedthefourthThursdayofNovemberfortheirThanksgiving
(15)
,theyinvitedtheir
(16)
,theIndians,tojointhemindinnerand
(17)
ofgratitudeforthenewlife.Theyrecalledthegroupof102men,womenandchildrenwholeft
(18)
.Theyrememberedtheir
(19)
whodidnotseetheshoreofMassachusetts.They
(20)
the65days’journeywhichhadtestedtheirstrength.
問題1選項
A.dates
B.starts
C.returns
D.goesback
問題2選項
A.In
B.At
C.During
D.For
問題3選項
A.didn’tsettle
B.weresettled
C.settle
D.oncesettled
問題4選項
A.refused
B.denied
C.rejected
D.declined
問題5選項
A.newcity
B.newstate
C.newland
D.newcountry
問題6選項
A.goingto
B.haulingto
C.comingacross
D.deportingbeyond
問題7選項
A.loaded
B.led
C.carried
D.packed
問題8選項
A.assisted
B.obliged
C.invited
D.permitted
問題9選項
A.resided
B.dwelt
C.inhabited
D.lived
問題10選項
A.since
B.like
C.for
D.as
問題11選項
A.for
B.to
C.of
D.at
問題12選項
A.no
B.not
C.much
D.any
問題13選項
A.form
B.develop
C.get
D.adjust
問題14選項
A.While
B.When
C.So
D.If
問題15選項
A.tradition
B.celebration
C.mark
D.anniversary
問題16選項
A.relatives
B.friends
C.neighbors
D.comrades
問題17選項
A.anhonor
B.asong
C.agift
D.aprayer
問題18選項
A.England
B.Holland
C.Britain
D.them
問題19選項
A.friends
B.dead
C.ancestors
D.relatives
問題20選項
A.refreshedthemselveswith
B.wererememberedfor
C.reflectedon
D.recalledhow
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:C
第6題:C
第7題:C
第8題:A
第9題:C
第10題:D
第11題:A
第12題:A
第13題:D
第14題:B
第15題:B
第16題:C
第17題:D
第18題:A
第19題:B
第20題:C
【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。gobackto意為“追溯到”。
(2)考查介詞搭配。in后常接年,或月,或日期。
(3)考查時態(tài)。此處表示曾經(jīng)定居在那兒的殖民者,由后面的hadleft可知用過去時態(tài),因此選D。
(4)考查動詞辨析。refuse意為“拒絕”,后面一般接todosth.;deny意為“否認,否定”;reject意為“拒絕接收”;decline意為“謝絕,婉拒”。feltdeniedofreligiousfreedom意為“感覺被否認了宗教信仰的自由”。
(5)考查上下文語義。由前文可知他們是為宗教自由,而來到這里,根據(jù)當時的歷史背景,他們來的這個地方還處于未被開發(fā)的地方,以及后文中的“thenewearth”可知newland指的是美洲大陸,是由哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)的“新大陸”。
(6)考查固定搭配。此處表示他們面臨著橫跨海洋的困難。comeacross意為“橫跨”;haulingto意為“拖至”;deportbeyond意為“驅(qū)逐出境”。
(7)考查動詞辨析。carry意為“攜帶,運送”;load意為“負載,負荷”;lead意為“帶路,領(lǐng)路”;pack意為“包裝”。
(8)考查動詞辨析。assist意為“幫助”;oblige意為“強迫”;invite意為“邀請”;permit意為“允許,準許”。
(9)考查動詞辨析。inhabit意為“居住于(某地)”,表示指人或動植物生活在某個地區(qū),并已適應(yīng)該地區(qū)的特殊環(huán)境;reside/dwell/livein意為“居住”。
(10)考查關(guān)系代詞。as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,as意為“如同”。
(11)考查固定搭配。bethankfulforsth.意為“對某事心存感激”。
(12)考查固定搭配。nolonger意為“不再”。此處表示宗教活動不再是政府的譴責之源。
(13)考查固定搭配。adjust...to意為“改變……以適應(yīng)”。
(14)考查連詞。由句中的select和invite可知兩個動詞都是短暫性動作,因此只能用when來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。
(15)考查名詞辨析。celebration意為“慶?!?;tradition意為“傳統(tǒng)”;mark意為“標記”;anniversary意為“周年紀念日”。
(16)考查名詞辨析。neighbor意為“鄰居”;relative意為“親戚”;friend意為“朋友”;comrade意為“同志”。
(17)考查名詞辨析。aprayerofgratitudeforthenewlife意為“對新生活感恩的祈禱”。
(18)考查上下文語義。由前文中的“Thecolonists...hadleftEngland”可知此處指的是離開英格蘭的102人。
(19)考查上下文語義。由前文內(nèi)容可知到達這片新大陸的過程中困難重重,此處表示他們緬懷的是未能到達死去的人。
(20)考查固定搭配。reflecton意為“回憶”。
11.問答題
CharlesDarwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”iscreditedwithsparkingevolution’srevolution
A
inscientificthought,butmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstood
B
theidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat,accordingtotheArnold
C
D
Arboretum’snewdirector.
【答案】試題答案:B;understanding
【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。understood一般用于beunderstoodas(被理解為),understanding意為“理解的”。
12.翻譯題
TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.
國務(wù)院總理溫家寶3月5日在十一屆全國人大三次會議上作政府工作報告時提出,要堅定不移推進改革。進一步擴大開放。要全面適應(yīng)國際形勢變化和國內(nèi)發(fā)展要求,拓展對外開放的廣度和深度。
溫家寶提出,要穩(wěn)定發(fā)展對外貿(mào)易。今年的主要著力點是拓市場、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促平衡。堅持實施市場多元化戰(zhàn)略和以質(zhì)取勝戰(zhàn)略落實和完善出口退稅、出口信貸、出口信用保險等各項政策措施,繼續(xù)改善海關(guān)、質(zhì)檢、外匯等方面的服務(wù)。
溫家寶表示,要推動利用外資和對外投資協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。優(yōu)化利用外資結(jié)構(gòu),鼓勵外資投向高端制造業(yè)、高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)、新能源和節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè),鼓勵跨國公司在華設(shè)立地區(qū)總部等各類功能性機構(gòu),鼓勵中外企業(yè)加強研發(fā)合作?!白叱鋈ァ钡钠髽I(yè)要依法經(jīng)營,規(guī)避風險,防止惡性競爭,維護國家整體利益和良好形象。
溫家寶提出,要深化多邊雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。加強和改善與發(fā)達國家的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系,深化與發(fā)展中國家的互利合作。發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟高層對話和雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)聯(lián)委會作用。加快自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè)步伐。積極參與多哈回合談判,推動早日達成更加合理、平衡的談判結(jié)果。反對各種形式的保護主義,妥善處理貿(mào)易摩擦。
【答案】WhiledeliveringagovernmentworkreportattheThirdSessionoftheEleventhNationalPeople'sCongressonMarch5,PremierWenJiabaoputforwardthatwemustunswervinglyadvancereformandfurtherexpandopeningup,wemustfullyadapttochangesintheinternationalsituation,meettheneedsofdomesticdevelopment,andexpandthebreadthanddepthofopeningup.
WenJiabaoproposedthatwewillseekforstabledevelopmentofforeigntrade.Hesaidthatthisyear’smainfocusesareonopeningnewmarkets,adjustingstructure,promotingbalance;weshouldcontinueourmarketdiversificationstrategyandwin-through-qualitystrategy,implementandimproveexporttaxrefund,exportcredit,exportcreditinsuranceandotherpoliciesandmeasures;weshouldcontinuetoimproveserviceincustoms,qualityinspectionsandforeignexchangeandotherareas.
WenJiabaosaidthatweshouldpromotecoordinateddevelopmentbetweenusingothercountries’investmentinChinaandmakingChineseinvestmentoverseas;weshouldoptimizethestructureofforeigncapitalutilization,encourageforeigncapitaltobeinvestedinhigh-endmanufacturingindustry,highandnewtechnologicalindustry,modemserviceindustry,newenergyindustry,energy-savingandenvironment-friendlyindustries;wemustencouragemultinationalcorporationstosetupregionalheadquartersandotherfunctionalagenciesinChina,encouragetheChineseandforeignenterprisestostrengthenresearchanddevelopmentcooperation;theenterprisesthathave"goneglobal"shouldoperateinaccordancewiththelaw,avoidrisks,preventviciouscompetition,andsafeguardthecountry'soverallinterestsandgoodimage.
WenJiabaoproposedthatwewilldeepenmultilateralandbilateralbusinesscooperation;wewillstrengthenandimprovetheeconomicandtraderelationswithdevelopedcountries,anddeepenmutuallybeneficialcooperationwithdevelopingcountries;wewillmakefulluseoftheroleofhigh-leveleconomicdialogueandbilateraleconomicandtradejointcommissions,quickenthepaceofestablishingfreetradezonesandactivelyparticipateintheDoharoundoftradetalkstoreachamorereasonableandbalancedoutcomeasearlyaspossible;wewillopposeprotectionisminallformsandproperlyhandletradefrictions.
13.問答題
(A)Whatlifedoeswithourdreamsandexpectationscannot,ofcourse,bepredicted.Somedreams,(B)beguninselflessness,endinrancor;otherdreams,beguninselfishness,(C)endinlarge-heartedness.Theunpredictabilityoftheoutcomeofdreamsis(D)noreasontoceasetodream.
【答案】
D;改成ceasedreaming.Ceasedoingsth放棄做某事
14.問答題
Normal
0
7.8磅
0
2
false
false
false
EN-US
ZH-CN
X-NONE
Insomequarters(A)qualitativeeasingisstillataintedterm,
associated(B)bothwithmercantilism,asaweaponinacurrencywar,or
(C)monetaryadventurism.Butthestigmaisfading.Indeedsomecentral
banksnowsaytheyaredoingQEevenwhen(D)theydon't.TheBankof
Korea,forexample,(E)hasresolvedtobuyunlimitedamountsofbondsfromfinancialinstitutionsthatpromiseto(F)repurchasethem
afterthreepurchases.FeweconomistswoulddescribethemasQE.Butfarfrom(H)resist
theterm,().(I)Everin
thefieldofcentralbankinghavesomanyworriedsolittleaboutbuyingso
much.
【答案】1.A,改成quantativeeasing。
2.B,改成eitherwith。
3.D,改成theyaren’t。
4.H,改成resisting。
5.I,改成Neverinthefieldof。
【解析】1.句意:在某些領(lǐng)域,QE仍是一個有污點的術(shù)語…。此段講的是“量化寬松(QE)”,其全程應(yīng)為quantativeeasing。
2.句意:要么與重商主義(作為貨幣戰(zhàn)爭中的武器)有聯(lián)系,要么與貨幣冒險主義有聯(lián)系。根據(jù)后面的連詞or可知,B處應(yīng)該是“eitherwith”,“either…or…”表示“要么…要么…”。
3.句意:一些央行現(xiàn)在確實表示自己正在實施量化寬松政策,盡管他們并沒有這么做。這里用了省略,實際上應(yīng)該是“whentheyarenotdoingQE”。
4.句意:但韓國銀行并沒有抵制這一術(shù)語…。Farfrom在此表示“遠飛,絕不,并沒有”,后面應(yīng)該接doingsth.。
5.句意:在中央銀行領(lǐng)域,從來沒有這么多人對購買這么多債券如此不擔心。根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示否定,所以應(yīng)該是否定詞never放句首,后面用了倒裝。
15.問答題
Ashumankindmovesintothethird(A)millennium,itcan(B)rightfullyclaimtohavebrokennewgroundin(C)theirage-old(D)questtomastertheenvironment.
【答案】C;“their”改為“its”。
【解析】考查代詞。句意:隨著人類進入第三個千年,人類可以正當?shù)芈暦Q其在自古以來對環(huán)境的掌控中開辟了新的道路。It代指上文的“humankind”表示人類,為單數(shù)形式,所以下文也應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的單數(shù)形式“its”。故將C項的“their”改為“its”。
16.翻譯題
TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish
決策過程對管理結(jié)盟的需要是基于兩個方面的原因。首先,組織的目標往往模糊不清,而部門間的運營目標則缺乏一致性。在目標模糊又缺乏一致性的情況下,管理者對問題的優(yōu)先順序便無法統(tǒng)一。他們必須就問題討價還價,并圍繞著應(yīng)該解決的問題建立起結(jié)盟。
結(jié)盟的第二個原因是盡管管理者個人傾向于理性,但卻受到人類認知的局限和其他局限性的制約。管理者們沒有時間、資源或心智能力去識別與某一項決策相關(guān)的所有維度,并處理所有的信息。這些局限性便導(dǎo)致了結(jié)盟行為。管理者們通過相互交談、交流看法來收集信息,減少模糊性。擁有相關(guān)信息或?qū)δ稠棝Q策的結(jié)果有相關(guān)利益的人們會被征求意見。建立結(jié)盟會使一項決策得到各相關(guān)利益方的支持。
【答案】Thereasonforalliancemanagementtobeneededbythedecision-makingprocessisbasedontwoaspects.First,thegoalsofanorganizationareoftenvagueandoperationgoalsbetweendepartmentlackconsistency.Inthecaseofvaguegoalsandlackofconsistency,managerscouldnotunifytheorderofprecedenceofproblems.Theyhavetobargainwitheachotherandestablishalliancearoundtheproblemswhichshouldberesolved.
Thesecondreasonforforminganallianceisthatindividualmanagersaresubjecttotherestrictionofhumancognitionandotherlimitationsinspiteofindividualtendencytowardrationality.Managersdon’thavethetime,resources,ormentalabilitytoidentifyalldimensionsassociatedwithadecision,anddealwithalltheinformation.T
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