考研考博-英語-上海財經(jīng)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海財經(jīng)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

______theymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflaborneededonconstructionsitesby90percent.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Socleveraretheconstructionrobots

B.Soclevertheconstructionrobotsare

C.Suchconstructionrobotsareclever

D.Suchcleverconstructionrobotsare

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：這些建筑機(jī)器人非常聰明，它們最終可能會使建筑工地所需的勞動力減少90%。根據(jù)狀語前置用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，排除B、D選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)使題目成為兩個獨(dú)立的完整句子，不符合題意。根據(jù)語境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句子還原成Theconstructionrobotsaresocleverthattheymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflabor…，that在這里省略，A選項(xiàng)Socleveraretheconstructionrobots符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

AsnineteenthcenturyAmericanculturalaspirationsexpanded,womensteppedintoanewroleasinterpretersofart,bothbywritingworksonarthistoryandbyteachingart.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ambitions

B.imagination

C.patronage

D.opportunities

【答案】A

【解析】句意：隨著19世紀(jì)美國文化抱負(fù)的擴(kuò)大，女性通過撰寫藝術(shù)史作品和教授藝術(shù)，開始扮演藝術(shù)印象派的新角色。aspirations意為“愿望，志向，抱負(fù)”。ambitions抱負(fù)，雄心，野心；imagination想象（力），空想；patronage贊助，光顧；opportunities機(jī)會。選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。

3.單選題

TheFDAwascreatedto（）thesafetyofproducts,reviewapplicationsandgrantapprovals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manipulate

B.adjust

C.regulate

D.manage

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)manipulate“操縱，操作”，B項(xiàng)adjust“調(diào)整”，C項(xiàng)regulate“調(diào)節(jié)，控制”，D項(xiàng)manage“管理，經(jīng)營”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞safetyofproduct（產(chǎn)品的安全性）和后面的review（檢查）以及grant（承認(rèn)，允許）可推斷，空格部分表示“控制，規(guī)范”。句意：FDA的成立是為了監(jiān)管產(chǎn)品的安全性，審查申請和批準(zhǔn)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Hecomposedavastamountofmusic,______iseverplayedtoday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.oneofwhich

B.littleofwhich

C.eachofwhich

D.someofwhich

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.oneofwhich其中之一B.littleofwhich很少

C.eachofwhich其中的每一個D.someofwhich其中一些

【考查點(diǎn)】代詞用法。

【解題思路】由空格后的is可知，空格處要填入單數(shù)；前半句的意思是“他創(chuàng)作了大量的音樂”，所以定語從句______iseverplayedtoday（至今仍在演奏）中填入oneofwhich符合句子意思。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)沒有l(wèi)ittleof這個用法；

C選項(xiàng)不符合句子意思；

D選項(xiàng)someofwhich后面應(yīng)該跟are。

【句意】他創(chuàng)作了大量的音樂，其中有一首至今仍在演奏。

5.單選題

Heisapromisingyoungmanwhoisnowstudyingatourgraduateschool.Ashissupervisor,Iwouldliketo（

）himtoyournotice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.commend

B.decree

C.presume

D.articulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。commend“推薦，稱贊”；decree“命令，頒布，判決”；presume“假定，推測”；articulate“發(fā)音，清楚地講話”。句意：他是個有前途的年輕人，現(xiàn)在在我們研究院學(xué)習(xí)，作為他的導(dǎo)師，我樂意向你推薦他。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Shewaskeento________acause,andhasbecomeanadvocateagainstchildobesity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickup

B.giveup

C.raiseup

D.takeup

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pickup撿起，拾起B(yǎng).giveup放棄，讓出

C.raiseup舉起，抬起D.takeup從事，開始工作

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞詞組辨析。

【解題思路】空格處和下文的“acause（事業(yè)）”構(gòu)成動賓邏輯，bekeentodosth.是固定搭配，意為“熱衷于做某事”，表示她熱衷于怎么樣這項(xiàng)事業(yè)。后半句說到“已經(jīng)成為反對兒童肥胖的倡導(dǎo)者（becomeanadvocate）”，由此可知，這項(xiàng)事業(yè)指的是反對兒童肥胖，她應(yīng)該是從事著反對兒童肥胖的工作并熱衷于此。takeup指從事某項(xiàng)工作，因此D選項(xiàng)takeup“從事，開始工作”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)pickup“撿起，拾起”指將某物從平面上舉起，不能和“cause（事業(yè)）”進(jìn)行搭配；

B選項(xiàng)giveup“放棄，讓出”指停止嘗試做某事或擁有某物，與題干語義相矛盾，應(yīng)該是“從事工作”而不是“放棄工作”；

C選項(xiàng)raiseup“舉起，抬起”指把某物舉起或移動到更高的水平，側(cè)重于物理意義上的抬高，不能和“cause（事業(yè)）”進(jìn)行搭配。

【句意】她熱衷于從事這項(xiàng)事業(yè)，并且已經(jīng)成為反對兒童肥胖的倡導(dǎo)者。

7.單選題

Ateverystageofearlydevelopment,humanbabieslagbehindinfantsfromotherspecies.Akittencanambleacrossaroomwithinmomentsofbirthandcatchitsfirstmousewithinweeks,whileitswide-eyedhumancounterparttakesmonthstomakeherfirststep,andyearstolearnevensimpletasks,suchashowtotieashoelaceorskiparope,letaloneprepareathree-coursemeal.Yet,inthecognitiverace,humanbabiesturnouttobemuchlikethetortoiseinAesop’sfable:emergingtriumphantafteraslowandsteadyclimbtothefinish.Asadults,wedrivefancysportscars,leapnimblyacrossfootballfieldsandballetstages,writelengthydissertationsoneveryconceivablesubject,andlaunchrocketsintospace.Wehaveamasteryoverourselvesandourenvironmentsthatispeculiartoourspecies.

Yet,thisvictoryseemspuzzling.Inthefable,thetortoisewinstheracebecausetheharetakesanap.But,ifanything,humaninfantsnapevenmorethankittens!Andunlikethenobletortoise,babiesarehelpless,andmoretothepoint,hopeless.Theycouldnotlearnthebasicskillsnecessarytotheirindependentsurvivaleveniftheytried.Howdohumanbabiesmangetoturnthingsaroundintheend?

InarecentarticleinCurrentDirectionsinPsychologicalScience,SharonThompson-Schill,MichaelRamscarandEvangeliaChrysikoumakethecasethatthisveryhelplessnessiswhatallowshumanbabiestoadvancefarbeyondotheranimals.Theyproposethatourdelayedcorticaldevelopmentispreciselywhatenablesustoacquiretheculturalbuildingblocks,suchaslanguage,thatmakeupthefoundationsofhumanachievement.Indeed,thetriomakesclearthatourearlyvulnerabilityisanevolutionary“engineeringtrade-off”,muchlikethehumanlarynx—which,whileitfacilitatestheintricateproductionsofhumanspeech,isactuallyquiteaprecariousadaptationforanyonetryingtoswallowsafely.Inthesameway,theysuggest,ourabilitytolearnlanguagecomesatthepriceofanextendedperiodofcognitiveimmaturity.

Thisclaimhingesonapeculiaranduniquefeatureofourcognitivearchitecture:thestunninglyslowdevelopmentoftheprefrontalcortex(PFC).Whileotheranimals’brainregionsdevelopmentinsynchrony,inhumans,thedevelopmentofthePFClagsfarbehindthatofotherareas.ThePFCistheswathofgraymatterthatmakesuptheanteriorfrontallobes,andfunctionally,itappearstobeheavilyimplicatedinawide-rangeofsophisticatedplanningandattentiondrivenbehaviors.Indeed,itisoftenreferredtoasthe“control”centerofthebrain.Oneofitsmainfunctionsappearstobethatofselectivelyfilteringinformationfromthesenses,allowingustoattendtospecificactions,goals,ortasks.Forthisreason,“cognitivecontrol”tasksarethoughttobeoneofthebestassessorsofPFCfunctionandmaturity,andtheyareteststhatyoungchildrenreliably,andignominiously,fail.

TheStrooptaskservesasasimpleassessorofPFCfunctioninadults.Thetaskinvolvesnamingtheinkcolorofacontrastingcolorword:forexample,youmightseetheword“red”writteningreenink,inwhichcaseyouhavetosay“green”.Thetask(saying“red”inresponsetoseeingthewordred)withanewresponsespecifictothetask(namingtheconflictinginkcolor).Trickyornot,healthyadultscansuccessfullycompetethetaskwithonlyminorhesitation.

Children,withtheirimmaturePFC’s,areadifferentstory.Typically,theyoungerchildrenare,theworsetheyareatsolvingStroop—liketasks,andundertheageoffour,theyoutrightfailthem.Whileyoungchildrenaresensitive,aptlearners,andoftenappeartofullyunderstandwhatisbeingaskedofthem,theyareunabletomediatetheconflictingdemandspresentinthesesortsoftasks,andthusfailthem,timeandtimeagain.Three-yearoldssimplycannotdirecthowtheyattendtoorrespondtotheworld.

31.WhydoestheauthorcomparehumanbabiestothetortoiseinAesop’sfable?

32.Whyarehumanbabies“helpless”accordingtothetext?

33.WhatisthepurposeofmentioninghumanlarynxinParagraph3?

34.Whatisthefunctionoftheprefrontalcortex(PFC)?

35.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthe“Strooptask”？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhaveamasteryoverthemselves.

B.Theylagbehindatbeginningandthenslowlycatchup.

C.Theyaresuperiortoinfantsfromotherspecies.

D.Theyarequiteslowincognitivedevelopment.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theydon’thavethebasicskillsnecessaryforsurvival.

B.Theynapmoreoftenthaninfantsofotherspecies.

C.Theyarenotsopersistentasthetortoise.

D.Theyarenotquicklearnersasinfantsofotherspecies.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowthepeculiarfunctionofhumanlarynx.

B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofhumanlanguage.

C.Toexplainthereasonsforourearlycognitiveimmaturity.

D.Toindicatehowhumandevelopspeeches.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Tocollectinformationfromthesenses.

B.Tohelpperformsophisticatedplanningandattention-drivenbehaviors.

C.Tocontrolthedevelopmentofotherareasofthebrain.

D.Toenablehumanbeingstocarryoutadvancetasks.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Childrenwouldfailsuchtaskduetotheirinabilitytounderstandthetaskrequirements.

B.ThetaskisoftenusedtoassessthematurityofPF

C.C.Thetaskrequiresthesubjectstomakeresponsescontradictorytothewell-learnedones.

D.Adultscouldcompletethetasksuccessfullywithonlylittlehesitation.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句Yet,inthecognitiverace,humanbabiesturnouttobemuchlikethetortoiseinAesop’sfable:emergingtriumphantafteraslowandsteadyclimbtothefinish.（然而，在認(rèn)知方面，人類嬰兒很像伊索寓言中的烏龜：緩慢而穩(wěn)定地爬到終點(diǎn)后，勝利出現(xiàn)。），可知人類嬰兒和烏龜?shù)南嗨圃谟诼撸罱K卻能勝利，所以B選項(xiàng)“他們一開始落后，然后慢慢地趕上來了”正確，D選項(xiàng)“他們的認(rèn)知發(fā)展相當(dāng)緩慢”不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯誤。A選項(xiàng)“他們能掌控自己”和C選項(xiàng)“他們優(yōu)于其他物種的嬰兒”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四、五句Andunlikethenobletortoise,babiesarehelpless,andmoretothepoint,hopeless.Theycouldnotlearnthebasicskillsnecessarytotheirindependentsurvivaleveniftheytried.（和高貴的烏龜不同，嬰兒是無助的，更確切地說，是絕望的。即使他們嘗試，他們也學(xué)不到獨(dú)立生存所必需的基本技能。），可知人類嬰兒無助是因?yàn)锳選項(xiàng)“他們沒有生存所需的基本技能”。B選項(xiàng)“他們比其他物種的嬰兒更經(jīng)常打盹”：根據(jù)第二段第三句But,ifanything,humaninfantsnapevenmorethankittens!（但是，如果說有什么不同的話，那就是人類的嬰兒比小貓更喜歡打盹?。@里是說人和貓的不同，而不是解釋為什么人類嬰兒無助，故錯誤。C選項(xiàng)“他們不像烏龜那樣固執(zhí)”和D選項(xiàng)“他們不像其他物種的嬰兒一樣快速學(xué)習(xí)”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段ourdelayedcorticaldevelopmentispreciselywhatenablesustoacquiretheculturalbuildingblocks,suchaslanguage…Indeed,thetriomakesclearthatourearlyvulnerabilityisanevolutionary“engineeringtrade-off”,muchlikethehumanlarynx—which,whileitfacilitatestheintricateproductionsofhumanspeech,isactuallyquiteaprecariousadaptationforanyonetryingtoswallowsafely.Inthesameway,theysuggest,ourabilitytolearnlanguagecomesatthepriceofanextendedperiodofcognitiveimmaturity.（我們大腦皮層發(fā)育遲緩恰恰是我們獲得文化基礎(chǔ)的原因，比如語言……的確，這三人清楚地表明，我們早期的脆弱是一種進(jìn)化上的“工程權(quán)衡”，就像人類的喉頭一樣——雖然喉頭有助于人類復(fù)雜的語言表達(dá)，但對于任何想要安全吞下食物的人來說，它實(shí)際上是一種相當(dāng)不穩(wěn)定的適應(yīng)。同樣，他們認(rèn)為，我們學(xué)習(xí)語言的能力是以長期認(rèn)知不成熟為代價的。），這里舉喉頭的例子表明長期認(rèn)知不成熟是為了獲得文化，所以C選項(xiàng)“解釋我們早期認(rèn)知不成熟的原因”正確。A選項(xiàng)“為了顯示人類喉部的特殊功能”，B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)人類語言的重要性”和D選項(xiàng)“表明人類如何發(fā)展語言”：不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

34.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段ThePFC…functionally,itappearstobeheavilyimplicatedinawide-rangeofsophisticatedplanningandattentiondrivenbehaviors.Indeed,itisoftenreferredtoasthe“control”centerofthebrain.Oneofitsmainfunctionsappearstobethatofselectivelyfilteringinformationfromthesenses,allowingustoattendtospecificactions,goals,ortasks.（PFC……在功能上似乎與一系列復(fù)雜的計劃和注意力驅(qū)動的行為密切相關(guān)。事實(shí)上，它經(jīng)常被稱為大腦的“控制”中心。它的主要功能之一似乎是有選擇地過濾來自感官的信息，讓我們專注于特定的行動、目標(biāo)或任務(wù)。），可知PFC的功能是B選項(xiàng)“幫助執(zhí)行復(fù)雜的計劃和注意力驅(qū)動的行為”，同時PFC過濾來自感官的信息，故A選項(xiàng)“從感官收集信息”錯誤。C選項(xiàng)“控制大腦其他區(qū)域的發(fā)展”和D選項(xiàng)“使人類能夠執(zhí)行高級任務(wù)”：文章沒有提到，故錯誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句Trickyornot,healthyadultscansuccessfullycompetethetaskwithonlyminorhesitation.（不管棘手與否，健康的成年人只要稍有猶豫就能成功完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。），可知成年人完成任務(wù)時有猶豫的情況，所以D選項(xiàng)“成年人可以毫不猶豫地完成任務(wù)”正確。根據(jù)第六段第二句Typically,theyoungerchildrenare,theworsetheyareatsolvingStroop—liketasks,andundertheageoffour,theyoutrightfailthem.（通常情況下，年齡越小的孩子，在完成Stroop任務(wù)方面表現(xiàn)得越差，而不到四歲的孩子，就會徹底失敗。）和最后一句Three-yearoldssimplycannotdirecthowtheyattendtoorrespondtotheworld.（根本無法指導(dǎo)三歲的孩子如何注意或回應(yīng)這個世界。），所以孩子會因?yàn)椴荒芾斫忸}目而不能完成測試，A選項(xiàng)“孩子會因?yàn)闊o法理解任務(wù)要求而失敗”符合文章意思，故錯誤。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“cognitivecontrol”tasksarethoughttobeoneofthebestassessorsofPFCfunctionandmaturity（“認(rèn)知控制”任務(wù)被認(rèn)為是評估PFC功能和成熟度的最佳指標(biāo)之一）和第五段第一句TheStrooptaskservesasasimpleassessorofPFCfunctioninadults.（Stroop任務(wù)是一個簡單的評估成年人的PFC功能的任務(wù)。），可知Stroop任務(wù)用來評估PFC的成熟度，B選項(xiàng)“這個任務(wù)經(jīng)常被用來評估PFC的成熟度”符合文章意思，故錯誤。根據(jù)第五段第二句Thetaskinvolvesnamingtheinkcolorofacontrastingcolorword:forexample,youmightseetheword“red”writteningreenink,inwhichcaseyouhavetosay“green”.（這項(xiàng)任務(wù)包括說出一個對比色單詞的墨水顏色：例如，你可能會看到單詞“紅”是用綠色墨水寫的，在這種情況下，你必須說“綠”），可知在這個測試中，受試者必須說顏色而不是單詞，C選項(xiàng)“這個任務(wù)要求受試者做出與有知識的人相反的反應(yīng)”符合文章意思，故錯誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thesalesdepartmenthastohavean（）knowledgeofwhatcustomerswantandhowmuchtheywanttopay.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.implicit

B.intimate

C.abrupt

D.anonymous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)implicit“含蓄的、暗示的”；B選項(xiàng)intimate“親密的”；C選項(xiàng)abrupt“突然的”；D選項(xiàng)anonymous“匿名的”，句意為：銷售部門必須非常了解顧客想要什么，他們想要付多少錢。anintimateknowledgeof“精通某事”，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

Earthquakesrank______forestfires,floodandtornadoes______majorcalamities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.with,as

B.like,in

C.in,as

D.for,in

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)rankwith“與……并列”，rankas“列為；看作”；B選項(xiàng)ranklike非詞組，rankin非詞組；C選項(xiàng)rankin非詞組，rankas“列為；看作”；D選項(xiàng)rankfor非詞組，rankin非詞組。句意：地震和森林火災(zāi)排名______，洪水和龍卷風(fēng)______重大災(zāi)害。綜合四個選項(xiàng)，只有A選項(xiàng)都可組成有意義的詞組，并且符合地震和森林火災(zāi)等級相同，洪水和龍卷風(fēng)為重大災(zāi)害的生活場景。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisnoteasilybreakable.

B.Itrepresentsthelateststyle.

C.Itcamefroma3Dprinter.

D.Itwasmadebyafashiondesigner.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Whensheattendedafashionshowninemonthsago.

B.Whenshewasstudyingatafashiondesignschool.

C.Whenshehadjustgraduatedfromhercollege.

D.WhensheattendedaconferenceinNewYork.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itwashardandbreakable.

B.Itwasextremelyexpensive.

C.Itwasdifficulttoprint.

D.Itwashardtocomeby.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisthelatestmodelofa3Dprinter.

B.Itisaplasticwidelyusedin3Dprinting.

C.Itmarksabreakthroughinprintingmaterial.

D.Itgivesfashiondesignersroomforimagination.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】RecordingTwo

Inthepastfewmonths,I’vebeentravellingforweeksatatimewithonlyonesuitcaseofclothes.Oneday,Iwasinvitedtoanimportantevent,andIwantedtowearsomethingspecialforit.Ilookedthroughmysuitcasebutcouldn’tfindanythingtowear.Iwasluckytobeatthetechnologyconferencethen,andIhadaccessto3Dprinters.SoIquicklydesignedaskirtonmycomputer,andIloadedthefileontheprinter.Itjustprintedthepiecesovernight.[19]Thenextmorning,Ijusttookallthepieces,assembledthemtogetherinmyhotelroom,andthisisactuallytheskirtthatI’mwearingrightnow.

[20]Soitwasn’tthefirsttimethatIprintedclothes.Formyseniorcollectionatfashiondesignschool,Idecidedtotryand3Dprintanentirefashioncollectionfrommyhome.TheproblemwasthatIbarelyknewanythingabout3Dprinting,andIhadonlyninemonthstofigureouthowtoprintfivefashionablelooks.

IalwaysfeltmostcreativewhenIworkedfromhome.Iloveexperimentingwithnewmaterials,andIalwaystriedtodevelopnewtechniquestomakethemostuniquetextilesformyfashionprojects.

Onesummerbreak,IcameheretoNewYorkforaninternshipatafashionhouseinChinatown.Weworkedontwoincredibledressesthatwere3Dprinted.Theywereamazing—likeyoucanseehere.ButIhadafewproblemswiththem.[21]Theyweremadefromhardplasticsandthat’swhytheywereverybreakable.Themodelscouldn’tsitinthem,andtheyevengotscratchedfromtheplasticsundertheirarms.

Sonow,themainchallengewastofindtherightmaterialforprintingclotheswith,Imeanthematerialyoufeedtheprinterwith.[22]ThebreakthroughcamewhenIwasintroducedtoFilaflex,whichisanewkindofprintingmaterial.It’sstrong,yetveryflexible.Andwithit,Iwasabletoprintthefirstgarment,aredjacketthathadtheword“freedom”embeddedintoit.Andactually,youcaneasilydownloadthisjacket,andchangethewordtosomethingelse.Forexample,yournameoryoursweetheart’sname.

SoIthinkinthefuture,materialswillevolve,andtheywilllookandfeellikefabricsweknowtoday,likecottonorsilk.

19.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheskirtsheiswearingnow?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于她現(xiàn)在穿的裙子，說話者說了什么?錄音開頭部分，說話者說到她在電腦上設(shè)計了一條裙子，并在打印機(jī)上加載了這個文件。第二天，她把所有的碎片組裝在一起，就成了她現(xiàn)在穿的那條裙子。因此，C選項(xiàng)“它來自3D打印機(jī)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它不容易破碎”，錄音中雖然有提到breakable這個單詞，但不是指說話者現(xiàn)在穿的裙子，而是她以前設(shè)計的裙子，因此A選項(xiàng)排除；B選項(xiàng)“它代表現(xiàn)在最新的款式”在錄音中沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“這條裙子是由某位時尚設(shè)計師制造的”，實(shí)際上這條裙子是說話者自己設(shè)計制造的，因此D項(xiàng)不正確。

20.Whendidthespeakerstartexperimentingwith3Dprinting?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問說話者什么時候開始嘗試3D打??？說話者在介紹完她現(xiàn)在所穿裙子的來歷之后，接著說到這并不是她第一次使用3D打印機(jī)打印衣服。為了完成在時尚設(shè)計學(xué)校的時裝設(shè)計畢業(yè)作品，她曾嘗試把家里全部的時裝作品系列用3D打印機(jī)打印出來。因此B選項(xiàng)“在她就讀時尚設(shè)計學(xué)校的時候”正確。A選項(xiàng)“九個月前她參加時裝秀時”和D選項(xiàng)“她在紐約參加會議的時候”，均是利用錄音個別字詞拼湊而成，不是錄音表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，因此均排除；C選項(xiàng)“在她剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)時”在錄音中未提及。

21.WhatwastheproblemwiththematerialthespeakerworkedonataNewYorkfashionhouse?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問說話者在紐約時裝公司設(shè)計的材料有什么問題？說話者提到自己曾經(jīng)在暑假來到紐約唐人街的一家時裝店里實(shí)習(xí)，設(shè)計了兩件很棒的禮服。不過她發(fā)現(xiàn)有一些問題：這些由硬塑料構(gòu)造的禮服非常易碎且穿著起來十分不舒服、不方便。因此，A選項(xiàng)“它堅硬而且易碎”符合原文表述。B選項(xiàng)“它非常昂貴”；C選項(xiàng)“它很難打印出來”和D選項(xiàng)“它很難得到”錄音中均沒有提及，因此可排除。

22.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutFilaflex?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于Filaflex，說話者說了什么？說話者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在主要的挑戰(zhàn)是如何找到打印衣服的合適材料。她認(rèn)為這個問題的突破點(diǎn)是有人向她介紹了一種新型打印材料Filaflex。C選項(xiàng)“它標(biāo)志著打印材料的突破”與原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它是3D打印機(jī)的最新型號”和D選項(xiàng)“它留給時裝設(shè)計師想象的空間”在錄音中均沒有信息沒有提及，因此可排除；B選項(xiàng)“它是一種廣泛應(yīng)用于3D打印的塑料”，雖然Filaflex是一種用于3D打印的新材料，但錄音中并未提及它是否也屬于塑料、是否已廣為應(yīng)用，因此B選項(xiàng)也可以排除。

11.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

1.膾炙人口的傳統(tǒng)京劇《白蛇傳》講的是傳自明朝的故事。在《白》劇中，蛇被賦予了崇高的人性。

2.我可以一個人長時間地獨(dú)處而感到愉快。獨(dú)享歡樂是一種愉快，獨(dú)享憂傷也是一種愉快。

3.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難接受這個事實(shí)：由于父親的失業(yè)，他們必須省掉很多奢侈品。

4.明亮的色彩和大膽的筆觸成為他早期繪畫的特征。這吸引了很多年輕人。

5.為了接待每年數(shù)以萬計的外國游客，我國旅游部門正在想方設(shè)法改善旅游住宿設(shè)施和餐飲服務(wù)。

【答案】1.ThepopulartraditionalPekingOpera,TheLegendoftheWhiteSnake,tellsastoryfromtheMingDynasty.IntheStoryoftheWhiteSnake,thesnakeisendowedwithnoblehumanity.

2.Icanenjoybeingaloneforalongtime.Toenjoyhappinessaloneisapleasure,andtoenjoysorrowaloneisapleasure.

3.Theyfoundithardtoacceptthefactthattheyhadtogiveupmanyoftheirluxuriesbecauseoftheirfather’sunemployment.

4.Brightcolorsandboldstrokescharacterizedhisearlypaintings.Thisattractsmanyyoungpeople.

5.China’stourismauthoritiesarelookingforwaystoimproveaccommodationandcateringservicesforthetensofthousandsofforeigntouristswhovisitthecountryeachyear.

12.單選題

Manypeople,ifnotmost,____literarytasteasanelegantaccomplishment,byacquiringwhichtheywillcompletethemselves,andmakethemselvesfinallyfitasmembersofacorrectsociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookon

B.lookdown

C.lookin

D.lookinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)lookon“觀看；看待”；B選項(xiàng)lookdown“俯視；瞧不起”；C選項(xiàng)lookin“往里看；（~on順道拜訪）”；D選項(xiàng)lookinto“調(diào)查；窺視”。句意：許多人，即使不是大多數(shù)，____把文學(xué)品味作為一種高雅的修養(yǎng)……根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)的是把文學(xué)品味看作一種高雅的修養(yǎng)，A選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

13.單選題

Becauseofhisnobleorigin,heclaimed,hewas（）toasocialpositionhighabovethoseofthecommons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.provided

B.credited

C.granted

D.entitled

【答案】C

【解析】beprovided被提供；tobecreditedto相信,把...歸功于；begrantedto被授予；有權(quán)；beentitledto有…的資格。句意：他聲稱自己由于出身高貴被授予比一般人高的社會地位。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

14.單選題

You______himsoclosely,youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.couldn’thavebeenfollowing

B.shouldn’thavebeenfollowing

C.shouldn’tfollow

D.mustn’tfollow

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：你______跟他那么近，你應(yīng)該跟他保持距離的。這里指的是應(yīng)該保持距離，不應(yīng)該那么近，句子前面部分和后面部分表達(dá)同一個意思，根據(jù)后面youshould可知前面對應(yīng)的是you，C選項(xiàng)shouldn’tfollow正確。B選項(xiàng)shouldn’thavebeenfollowing“本不應(yīng)該被跟”不符合語境。A選項(xiàng)couldn’thavebeenfollowing和D選項(xiàng)mustn’tfollow中情態(tài)詞不對應(yīng)，表達(dá)的意思不同。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Helencouldnothelpfeelingantipathytowardherfather’snewwifewhomhemarriedjusttwomonthsafterthedeathofHelen’smother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sympathy

B.concession

C.compassion

D.hostility

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)sympathy“同情（強(qiáng)調(diào)共同分擔(dān)，進(jìn)而對某種經(jīng)歷或遭遇引起共鳴）；慰問；贊同”；B選項(xiàng)concession“讓步；特許（權(quán)）；承認(rèn)；退位”；C選項(xiàng)compassion“同情（強(qiáng)調(diào)由于理解而同情，并主動給予幫助，常常指通過自身痛苦或不幸而同情別人）；憐憫”；D選項(xiàng)hostility“敵意；戰(zhàn)爭行動”。句意：海倫對她父親的新妻子不禁感到反感，她父親在海倫的母親去世僅僅兩個月后就娶了她。本句關(guān)鍵詞antipathy表示“反感；厭惡；憎惡；不相容”，四個選項(xiàng)中D選項(xiàng)最合適，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Ifapersontalksabouthisweakpoints,hislistenerisexpectedtosaysomethinginthewayof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.persuasion

B.remedy

C.encouragement

D.compromise

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。persuasion“說服”；remedy“補(bǔ)救辦法”；encouragement“鼓勵”；compromise“妥協(xié)”。句意：如果一個人提及到他的弱點(diǎn)，他的聽眾應(yīng)該說一些鼓勵他的話。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

17.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Everyday25millionU.S.childrenrideschoolbuses.Thesafetyrecordforthesebusesismuchbetterthanforpassengercars;butnevertheless,about10childrenarekilledeachyearridingonlargeschoolbuses,andnearlyfourtimesthatnumberarekilledoutsidebusesintheloadingzones.Byandlarge,however,thenation’sschoolchildrenaretransportedtoandfromschoolsafe.

Eventhoughthenumberofschoolbusaccidentsisnotlarge,thesafetyofchildrenisalwaysofintensepublicconcern.Whileeveryonewantstoseechildrentransportedsafely,peoplearedividedaboutwhatneedstobedone--particularlywhetherseatbeltsshouldbecompulsory.

Peopleinfavourofseatbeltsonschoolbuses--manyofthemparentsandmedicalorganizations--arguethatseatbeltsarenecessarynotonlytoreducefatalityandinjury,butalsototeachchildrenlessonsabouttheimportanceofusingthemroutinelyinanymovingvehicle.Asidebenefit,theypointout,isthatseatbeltshelpkeepchildrenintheirseats,awayfromthebusdriver.

PeoplewhoobjecttoseatbeltinstallationsuggestthatchildrenarealreadywellprotectedbytheschoolbusesthatfollowtheNationHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration’s(NHTSA)safetyrequirementssetin1977.Theyalsobelievethatmanychildrenwon’twearseatbeltsanyway,andthatmaydamagethebeltsorusethemasweaponstohurtotherchildren.

AnewResearchcouncilreportonschoolbussafetysuggestthattherearealternatesafetydevicesandproceduresthatmaybemoreeffectiveandlessexpensive.Forexample,thestudycommitteesuggestedthatraisingseatbacksfourinchesmayhavethesamesafetyeffectivenessasseatbelts.

ThereportsponsoredbytheDepartmentoftransportationattherequestofCongress,reviewsseatbeltsextensivelywhiletakingabroaderlookatsafetyinandaroundschoolbuses.

1.Eachyear,childrenkilledoutsidebusesintheloadingzonesareabout（）.

2.Whichofthesewordsisnearestinmeaningtothewords“aredivided”inParagraph2?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whohasthegreatestdegreeofcontroloftheschoolbuses’“safety”?

4.Itmaybeinferredfromthispassagethat（）.

5.Thebesttitlewhichexpressestheideaofthepassageis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.10

B.40

C.30

D.50

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.disagree

B.separate

C.arrange

D.concern

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ANewResearchCouncil

B.TheDepartmentofTransportation

C.TheMedicalOrganizations

D.NationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.manyoftheopponentsofseatbeltinstallationareparentsandofficialsoftheDepartmentofTransportation

B.proposalofseatbeltsonschoolbuseswouldbeseriouslyconsidered

C.analternatesafetydevice(raisingseatbacksfourinches)maybetakenintoconsideration

D.TheDepartmentofTransportationmayeithertaketheideaofseatbeltsorothermeasureswhenitreviewsthewholesituation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.MakingSchoolBusesEvenSaferforChildren

B.SeatBeltsNeededonSchoolBuses

C.AlternateSafetyDevicesandProcedures

D.SafetyinandaroundSchoolBuses

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段...about10childrenarekilledeachyearridingonlargeschoolbuses,andnearlyfourtimesthatnumberarekilledoutsidebusesintheloadingzones.（……每年約有10名兒童在乘坐大型校車時死亡，而在校車外裝載區(qū)的死亡人數(shù)幾乎是這個數(shù)字的4倍。），可知B選項(xiàng)“40”正確；A,C,D選項(xiàng)不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:語義推測題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵字aredivide可以定位到第二段peoplearedividedaboutwhatneedstobedone--particularlywhetherseatbeltsshouldbecompulsory（人們存在分歧——尤其是安全帶是否應(yīng)該被強(qiáng)制使用）由安全帶是否應(yīng)該被強(qiáng)制使用人們存在兩種意見，則A選項(xiàng)“不同意；不一致；爭執(zhí)”正確；B選項(xiàng)“分開的；單獨(dú)的；分離，分開；隔開；分手；可搭配穿著的單件衣服；抽印本；獨(dú)立音響設(shè)備；土壤劃分”，C選項(xiàng)“安排；排列；整理”以及D選項(xiàng)“擔(dān)心，憂慮；關(guān)愛，關(guān)心；關(guān)心的事，負(fù)責(zé)的事；涉及；使擔(dān)心”錯誤。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句PeoplewhoobjecttoseatbeltinstallationsuggestthatchildrenarealreadywellprotectedbytheschoolbusesthatfollowtheNationHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration’s(NHTSA)safetyrequirementsset