考研考博-英語-中南大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中南大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Ⅶ.(CivilandCommercialLaw)

AnglicanArchbishopRowanWilliamssetoffaninternationalfirestormonFebruary7,2008bysuggestingthatsome“accommodation”ofMuslimfamilylawwas“unavoidable”inEngland.Hissuggestion,thoughcarefullyqualified,promptedmorethan250articlesintheworldpresswithinamonth,thevastmajoritydenouncingit.England,hiscriticscharged,willbebesetby“l(fā)icensedpolygamy,”barbaricprocedures,andbrutalviolenceagainstwomenencasedinsuffocatingburkas(穆斯林婦女穿的長袍).CriticsproclaimedthatMuslimcitizensofaWesterndemocracywillbesubjecttolegallyghettoizedMuslimcourtsimmunefromcivilappealorconstitutionalchallenge.ConsiderNigeria,Pakistan,andotherformerEnglishcoloniesthathavesoughttobalanceMuslimShari’a(伊斯蘭教法)withthecommonlaw,othercriticsadded.Thehorrificexcessesandchronichumanrightsviolationsoftheirreligiouscourts—evenorderingthefaithfultostoneinnocentrapevictimsfordishonoringtheirfamilies—provethatreligiouslawsandstatelawsonthefamilysimplycannotcoexist.Caseclosed.

Thiscasewon’tstayclosedforlong,however.TheArchbishopwasnotcallingfortheestablishmentofindependentMuslimcourtsinEngland,letalonetheenforcementofShari’abyEnglishcourts.Hewas,instead,raisingawholeseriesofhardbut“unavoidable”questionsaboutmarital,cultural,andreligiousidentityandpracticeinWesterndemocraticsocietiescommittedtohumanrightsforall.Whatformsofmarriageshouldcitizensbeabletochoose,andwhatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsberequiredtorespect?HowshouldMuslimsandotherreligiousminoritieswithdistinctivefamilynormsandculturalpracticesbeaccommodatedinasocietydedicatedtoreligiouslibertyandself-determination,andtoreligiousequalityandnon-discrimination?Arelegalpluralismandeven“personalfederalism”necessarytoprotectMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieverswhoareconscientiouslyopposedtotheliberalvaluesthatinformmodernstatelawsonsex,marriage,andfamily?IseveryconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstepontheslipperyslopetowardempoweringthatfaith,someofwhoseleaderssubverttheverydemocraticandhumanrightsvaluesthatnowofferthemprotection?Theseandotherhardquestionsarebecoming“un?avoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocracieswithgrowinganddiverseMuslimcommunities,eachmakingnewandeverlouderdemands.IfcurrentgrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue,agenerationfromnowtheDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay.

75.Thebesttopicforthefirstparagraphis___.

76.Theauthorthinksthatthe“casewon’tstayclosedforlong”becausetheArchbishop___.

77.WhichofthefollowingquestionsdoestheauthorNOTaskinthesecondparagraph?

78.Thequestionsraisedbytheauthorarebecoming“unavoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocraciesNOTbecause____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ArchbishopRowanWilliamssetsaninternationalfirestorm

B.CriticstoArchbishopRowanWilliams’suggestion

C.EnglandcannotacceptMuslimfamilylaw

D.Religiouslawsandstatelawsonthefamilysimplycannotcoexist

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.wasraisingfundamentalquestionsofhumanrightsforall

B.wasnotcallingfortheestablishmentofindependentMuslimcourtsinEngland

C.wasnotcallingforenforcementofShari’abyEnglishcourts

D.raisedquestionsrelatingtomarital,cultural,andreligiousidentity

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Cancitizenschoosetheirmarriageforms?

B.ShouldMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieversbeprotectedbylegalpluralism?

C.Whatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsrespect?

D.IsconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstep?

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theMuslimcommunitiesaregrowinganddiverse

B.eachoftheMuslimcommunitiesismakingnewandeverlouderdemands

C.theDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay

D.thegrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】75.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段中心句AnglicanArchbishopRowanWilliamssetoffaninternationalfirestorm1onFebruary7,2008bysuggestingthatsome“accommodation”ofMuslimfamilylawwas“unavoidable”inEngland.（2008年2月7日，英國圣公會(Anglican)大主教羅文?威廉姆斯(RowanWilliams)提出，在英國“不可避免”地“遷就”穆斯林家庭法，這引發(fā)了一場國際風(fēng)暴）可知第一段的最佳主題是A選項(xiàng)“大主教羅文?威廉姆斯引發(fā)了一場國際風(fēng)暴”；B選項(xiàng)“大主教羅文?威廉姆斯的建議遭到了批評”，C選項(xiàng)“英國不能接受穆斯林家庭法”以及D選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于家庭的宗教法律和州法律根本不能共存”只是第一段的片面內(nèi)容，都是解釋說明“大主教羅文?威廉姆斯引發(fā)了一場國際風(fēng)暴”的具體內(nèi)容，只有A選項(xiàng)足以概括第一段內(nèi)容。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

76.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段Thiscasewon’tstayclosedforlong…Hewas,instead,raisingawholeseriesofhardbut“unavoidable”questionsaboutmarital,cultural,andreligiousidentityandpracticeinWesterndemocraticsocietiescommittedtohumanrightsforall.（這個(gè)案子不會結(jié)案太久……相反，他（指前一句所提到的TheArchbishop“大主教”）提出了一系列關(guān)于婚姻、文化和宗教認(rèn)同以及西方民主社會中致力于人人享有人權(quán)的做法的艱難但“不可避免”的問題）可知選A選項(xiàng)“提出了所有人的基本人權(quán)問題”；D選項(xiàng)“提出有關(guān)婚姻、文化和宗教身份的問題”和原文有偏差，沒有A選項(xiàng)概括的那么全面；根據(jù)原文B選項(xiàng)“沒有呼吁在英國建立獨(dú)立的穆斯林法庭”和C選項(xiàng)“不是呼吁英國法庭執(zhí)行伊斯蘭教法”并沒有回答為什么“案件不會持續(xù)很長時(shí)間”這一問題，排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

77.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段Arelegalpluralismandeven“personalfederalism”necessarytoprotectMuslimsandotherreligiousbelieverswhoareconscientiouslyopposedtotheliberalvaluesthatinformmodernstatelawsonsex,marriage,andfamily?（法律多元主義甚至“個(gè)人聯(lián)邦制”是否有必要保護(hù)穆斯林和那些自覺反對為現(xiàn)代州性、婚姻和家庭法律提供信息的自由價(jià)值觀的其他宗教信仰者們？）可知B選項(xiàng)“穆斯林和其他宗教信徒應(yīng)該受到法律多元化的保護(hù)嗎？”和原文有偏差，原文對于“其他宗教信徒”有“自覺反對為現(xiàn)代州性、婚姻和家庭法律提供信息的自由價(jià)值觀”這一限定，而B選項(xiàng)范圍過大；第二段Whatformsofmarriageshouldcitizensbeabletochoose,andwhatforumsofreligiousmarriagelawshouldstategovernmentsberequiredtorespect?（公民應(yīng)該選擇什么樣的婚姻形式，州政府應(yīng)該尊重什么樣的宗教婚姻法論壇？）對應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)“公民可以選擇自己的婚姻形式嗎？”和C選項(xiàng)“國家政府應(yīng)該尊重哪些宗教婚姻法論壇？”；第二段IseveryconstitutionalaccommodationofMuslimfamilylawandShari’acourtsadangerousstepontheslipperyslopetowardempoweringthatfaith,someofwhoseleaderssubverttheverydemocraticandhumanrightsvaluesthatnowofferthemprotection?（憲法對穆斯林家庭法和伊斯蘭法庭的每一個(gè)通融是否都是朝著賦予這種信仰權(quán)力的方向邁出的危險(xiǎn)的一步，他們的一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人顛覆了現(xiàn)在為他們提供保護(hù)的非常民主和人權(quán)的價(jià)值觀？）對應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)“憲法對穆斯林家庭法和伊斯蘭教法的適應(yīng)是危險(xiǎn)的一步嗎?”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

78.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段末尾Theseandotherhardquestionsarebecoming“un-avoidable”formanymodernWesterndemocracieswithgrowinganddiverseMuslimcommunities,eachmakingnewandeverlouderdemands.IfcurrentgrowthratesofMuslimcommunitiesintheWestcontinue,agenerationfromnowtheDanishcartoon“crisis”isgoingtoseemlikechild’splay.（隨著穆斯林群體的不斷壯大和多樣化，每個(gè)人都提出了越來越強(qiáng)烈的新要求，對于許多現(xiàn)代西方民主國家來說，這些和其他棘手的問題正變得“無法避免”。如果西方穆斯林社區(qū)目前的增長速度繼續(xù)下去，那么從現(xiàn)在開始的一代人看來，丹麥漫畫《危機(jī)》將像兒戲）可知A選項(xiàng)“穆斯林社區(qū)正在成長和多樣化”，B選項(xiàng)“每一個(gè)穆斯林社區(qū)都在提出新的、更響亮的要求”以及D選項(xiàng)“穆斯林社區(qū)在西方繼續(xù)增長”都是導(dǎo)致作者提出的問題對許多現(xiàn)代西方民主國家來說正變得“不可避免”的原因，而C選項(xiàng)“丹麥漫畫《危機(jī)》看起來就像兒戲”是這些問題會導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Certainanimalbehaviors,suchasmatingrituals,seemtobe_______，andtherefore____externalfactorssuchasclimatechanges,foodsupply,orthepresenceofotheranimalsofthesamespecies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.learned...immuneto

B.innate...unaffectedby

C.intricate...belongto

D.specific...confusedwith

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義和動詞詞組解析。learned“有學(xué)問的”；innate“與生俱來的”；intricate“復(fù)雜的，錯(cuò)綜的”；specific“明確的，詳細(xì)的”。immuneto“不受……影響的”；unaffectedby“不受影響的”；belongto“屬于”；confusedwith“對……困惑”。句意：一些動物的行為，比如交配行為，似乎是與生俱來的，不受外來因素影響的，比如氣候變化，食物供給或者同一物種其他動物的存在。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Weare___facedwiththenecessitytorecognizethathavingmorepeopleimpliesalowerstandardofliving.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.readily

B.smoothly

C.inevitably

D.deliberately

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)readily“容易地；樂意地；無困難地”；B選項(xiàng)smoothly“平穩(wěn)地；平滑地；順利地；流暢地；平靜地；均勻地”；C選項(xiàng)inevitably“不可避免地；必然地”；D選項(xiàng)deliberately“故意地；緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地”。句意：我們___要認(rèn)識到有更多的人就意味著更低的生活水平。本句表達(dá)“不可避免地認(rèn)識到”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Hefoundthe______mediaattentionintolerableanddecidedtogoabroad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sufficient

B.constant

C.steady

D.plenty

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.sufficient足夠的；充足的B.constant連續(xù)發(fā)生的；不斷的

C.steady（發(fā)展、增長等）穩(wěn)步的，持續(xù)的D.plenty大量；很多adv.

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)intolerable（無法忍受的）可推知，mediaattention（媒體關(guān)注）是連續(xù)不斷的，空格處表示“不斷的”，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、C項(xiàng)不符合句意；

D項(xiàng)是副詞，不符合句子語法結(jié)構(gòu)。

【句意】他無法忍受媒體不斷的關(guān)注，決定出國。

5.案例題

Home-TheNewWorkplace

Oneofthesourcesofthemodernworldisthelengthoftimewetakecommuningtoandfromwork.Inlargecitiesthiscanmeanlosingthreeormorehourseverydayjusttravelingfromhometoworkandbackagain.Surelythereisanalternative!Well,accordingtoasurveyconditionedintheUS,22%ofpeoplewouldmuchpreferworkingfromhome,shouldcircumstancesallow.LizSewellspoketoseveralpeoplewhohavealreadymadethechangetothismodern-dayworkplacetotryandfindoutmore.

ScottMillerisa40year-olddraughtsmanwhohasbeenworkinghomeforthepasttwoyears.Headmitsthatitwasn’tsomethingthathecravedfor;ratherithappenedwhenhiswife,Jules,auniversitylecturer,wasofferedafull-timeposition.“Shedidn’tthinkthatshecouldtakethejob.Iknewthatshereallywantedit,butshedidn’twanttoputoursonintofull-timecars.Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.Mytrackrecordprobablyhelpedbecausetheyacceptedtheproposition.Aslongasmyproductivitywasmaintained,theydidn’tmindwhereIworked.Alsomywifeishappy,andhercareerisblossoming.”

“NowIgointotheofficeeveryMondayafternoonforameetingandpickupmyweek’swork.Interestingly,IfeelthatIworkevenbetterfromhome,somuchsothateventhoughoursonnowatschool,Istillworkthere.”

However,isworkingfromhomeassimpleasitsounds?TransferringworktoadifferentworkplaceisonlypartoftheequationforJoanneMcCarthy,whountilthreemonthsagowasaHumanResourcesManagerforalargepubliccorporation.Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.

“Asmyjobjustinvolvesworkingformyself,bymyself,IfindthatIhavebecomemuchmoreintrovertedbecauseIdon’thavethatface-to-face,professionalinvolvementwithpeopleanymore.Ispendalldayonthecomputercheckingthepricesofmystocks.Byevening,Iamdesperatetotalktomyhusband—evenifitisonlyaboutwhatliehasbeendoingallclay.”

Shehasrealizedthatthiscouldjeopardizeherattemptstoworkfromhome.LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.Forher,thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.“Itwassoeasytogetdistractedbytheotherthingsyouhavetodoathome,likewastingandcleaning,”shetoldus.“Ihadtoforcemyselftoviewmystudyasanoffice,notpartofthehouse.SoIcameupwithanovelidea—myhusbandthoughtIwasmade,butIhadaseparateentrancebuilttotheoffice.Atthebeginningofmyworkday,Igooutofthefrontdoorofourhouse,lockit,andthenwalkaroundtotheoffice.NowIfeelthatIamreallyatwork,andmyproductivityhasincreasedasaresult.Iknowitsoundsstrange,butitworksforme.”TwelvemonthsdownthetrackandLouiseneverwantstofacethemorningtrafficagain.

Peoplechoosetoworkfromhomeforamultitudeofreasons.TaketheexampleofGeorgeMercer,whoownssevencafeswithina7-mileradiusofdowntownMiami.HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone,faxande-mail,“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.Withmoderntelecommunicationsnowadays,Iamalwaysabletocontactmypremisesandorderprovisionsfrommysuppliers.”

“IfIgetfedupwithworkingfromhomeorifthereareproblemsthathavetobedealtwithinperson.Ijustjumpinthecaranddrivetothecafes.Fromtimetotime,wehavemeetingsatmyplace,whichgivethemanagersabreakfromtheirown‘office’.Theygetachangeofscenery.Istillhavecontrolbuttheyhavealargeamountofindependenceintheday-to-dayrunningofthecafes.Ilovemyjobandit’sobviousthatmymanagersrespondwelltothearrangement.Life’sgreatatthemomentwouldn’tchangeathing!”

Obviously,noteveryoneisabletohavethetypeofworkthatcanbedonefromhome,butthereareplentyofpeoplejustlikeme—judgingbyinternetsitesthemoretraditionalemploymentvacancyads—whowouldjumpatthechance.

UsinginformationfromReadingPassage2,matchthepeoplelistedA-Fintheboxbelowwiththeirdescriptions.

NOTE:Therearemoredescriptionsthanpeople.Youmayuseanyofthechoicesmorethanonce.

ListofPeople

AScottMiller

BJoanneMcCarthy

CLouiseTate

DGeorgeMercer

ENoneoftheabove

FAlloftheabove

Descriptions

（）needstobegoodatmath.

（）isnotself-employed.

（）hasbeenworkingfromhomeforthelongestperiod.

（）doesn’tneedtointeractwithclientstocarryouttheirbusiness.

試題缺失

（）thinksthattheyarelesssuccessfulworkingfromhome.

（）helpedsomeoneelsetoretainhis/hercareer.

（）livesonthecoast.

【答案】1.C

2.A和B

3.D

4.C

5.試題缺失

6.B

7.E

8.D

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第六段，“LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.”，可知LouiseTate是一名會計(jì)師，過去常常往返于她的辦公室和家之間，往返一個(gè)小時(shí)，然后才決定出更好的方法?？膳袛喑鯨ouise必須要擅長數(shù)學(xué)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第二段，“Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.”，可知ScottMiller在同一家公司工作了7年?？膳袛喑鏊ぷ鞯墓静皇亲灾鹘?jīng)營的，選項(xiàng)A可選。又根據(jù)文章第四段，“Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy現(xiàn)在已成為股票市場的全職交易員，可判斷出她的工作也不屬于自主經(jīng)營，選項(xiàng)B可選。

3.根據(jù)文章第七段，“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.”，可知當(dāng)GeorgeMercer四年前開始創(chuàng)業(yè)時(shí)，無法決定把哪家咖啡館作為主要基地，所以決定了在家里設(shè)立辦公室。可判斷出他已經(jīng)在家辦公4年了，結(jié)合上下文比較，他是在家辦公時(shí)間最長的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第六段，“thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.”，可知在家工作最大的問題是分心，可判斷出這是LouiseTate最大的問題，所以她不需要與客戶互動來開展他們的業(yè)務(wù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.試題缺失

6.根據(jù)文章第四段，“Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy喜歡在家工作給她帶來的自由，但她真的很懷念社交活動?？膳袛喑鏊J(rèn)為在家工作不太成功。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.縱觀全文，對于文中提到的所有工作者，都沒有提及他們是否幫助別人保持了工作，選項(xiàng)E符合題意。

8.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段，“HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone…”，可知GeorgeMercer的辦公室設(shè)在勞德代爾堡(FortLauderdale)海濱別墅（他的家），并通過電話與多位經(jīng)理保持聯(lián)系?？膳袛喑鯣eorgeMercer的家在海邊。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

Yesterdaywassucha______daywedecidedtogoforadrive.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.glorious

B.dynamical

C.avenue

D.invitation

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)glorious“（天氣）熱的，晴朗的”；B選項(xiàng)dynamical“有生氣的”；C選項(xiàng)avenue“（城鎮(zhèn)的）大街”；D選項(xiàng)invitation“邀請”。句意：昨天天氣______，我們決定開車去玩。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是天氣適宜出門玩耍，A選項(xiàng)glorious“（天氣）熱的，晴朗的”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Britain’spressisunusual（）itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspaper:thequalitypressandthepopularpress.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inhow

B.inwhat

C.inwhich

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空格后為原因狀語從句，表原因。inthat相當(dāng)于because，可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。句意：英國的報(bào)紙不同尋常之處在于，它被分為兩種截然不同的報(bào)紙:嚴(yán)肅報(bào)紙和大眾報(bào)紙。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.填空題

A.（1）isyourheadachenow?

B.（2）better,thankyou.

【答案】1.How

2.Much

【解析】1.語義題。句意:你的頭痛怎么樣了？

2.常用語。Muchbetter表示好多了。

9.單選題

Mysisterisquite______andplanstogetanM.A.degreewithinoneyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aggressive

B.enthusiastic

C.considerate

D.ambitious

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.aggressive好斗的，挑釁的B.enthusiastic熱情的，熱心的

C.considerate考慮周到的，為（他人）著想的D.ambitious有野心的，有雄心的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句句意“計(jì)劃在一年內(nèi)拿到碩士學(xué)位”可知，Mysisterisquite______表示的意思是“我妹妹雄心勃勃”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】我妹妹雄心勃勃，計(jì)劃在一年內(nèi)拿到碩士學(xué)位。

10.單選題

Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit,youoftengetvery（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.waxy

B.sticky

C.slippery

D.greasy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)waxy“蠟制的，似蠟的，質(zhì)地光滑的”；B選項(xiàng)sticky“粘性的”；C選項(xiàng)slippery“滑的，狡猾的，棘手的”；D選項(xiàng)greasy“多油的，油污的，油膩的”。由“Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit，youoftengetvery___（如果你在車底下修理汽車，你通常會____）”可知D選項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：如果你在車底下修理汽車，你通常會弄得滿身油污。

11.單選題

Foreigndisinvestmentandthe（

）ofSouthAfricafromworldcapital

marketsafter1985furtherweakeneditseconomy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.displacement

B.elimination

C.exclusion

D.exception

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:1985以后，外資撤資以及世界資本市場的（

）使南非經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)一步削弱。displacement代替;Elimination剔除,消除，消滅;Exclusion排斥;Exception例外。

12.單選題

Guthrie’scontiguityprincipleofferspracticalsuggestionsforhowtobreakhabits.

Oneapplicationofthethresholdmethodinvolvesthetimeyoungchildrenspendonacademicactivities.Youngchildrenhaveshortattentionspans,sothelengthoftimetheycansustainworkononeactivityislimited.Mostactivitiesarescheduledtolastnolongerthan30to40minutes.However,atthestartoftheschoolyear,attentionspansquicklywaneandbehaviorproblemsoftenresult.ToapplyGuthrie’stheory,ateachermight,atthestartoftheyear,limitactivitiesto15to20minutes.Overthenextfewweekstheteachercouldgraduallyincreasethetimestudentsspendworkingonasingleactivity.

Thethresholdmethodalsocanbeappliedtoteachingprintingandhandwriting.Whenchildrenfirstlearntoformletters,theirmovementsareawkwardandtheylackfinemotorcoordination.Thedistancesbetweenlinesonapagearepurposelywidesochildrencanfitthelettersintothespace.Ifpaperwithnarrowlinesisinitiallyintroduced,students’letterswouldspilloverthebordersandstudentsmightbecomefrustrated.Oncestudentscanformletterswithinthelargerborders,theycanusepaperwithsmallerborderstohelpthemrefinetheirskills.

Thefatiguemethodcanbeappliedwhendiscipliningdisruptivestudentswhobuildpaperairplanesandsailthemacrosstheroom.Theteachercanremovethestudentsfromtheclassroom,givethemalargestackofpaper,andtellthemtostartmakingpaperairplanes.Afterthestudentshavemadeseveralairplanes,theactivityshouldloseitsattractionandpaperwillbecomeacuefornotbuildingairplanes.

Somestudentscontinuallyracearoundthegymwhentheyfirstentertheirphysicaleducationclass.Toemploythefatiguemethod,theteachermightdecidetohavethesestudentscontinuetorunafewmorelapsaftertheclasshasbegun.

Theincompatibleresponsemethodcanbeusedwithstudentswhotalkandmisbehaveinthemediacenter.Readingisincompatiblewithtalking.Themediacenterteachermightaskthestudentstofindinterestingbooksandreadthemwhileinthecenter.Assumingthatthestudentsfindthebooksenjoyable,themediacenterwill,overtime,becomeacueforselectingandreadingbooksratherthanfortalkingwithotherstudents.

Inasocialstudiesclasssomestudentsregularlyfallasleep.Theteacherrealizedthatusingtheboardandoverheadprojectorwhilelecturingwasveryboring.Soontheteacherbegantoincorporateotherelementsintoeachlesson,suchasexperiments,videotapes,anddebates,inanattempttoinvolvestudentsandraisetheirinterestinthecourse.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageisto（）.

2.Guthrieidentifiedthreemethodsfor（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnottheexampleofapplyingthethresholdmethod?

4.Tostopsnackingwhilewatchingtelevision,peopleshouldkeeptheirhandsbusybysewing,painting,workingcrosswordpuzzles,andsoforth.Overtime,watchingTVbecomesacueforengaginginanactivityotherthansnacking.Whatmethodisusedinthisexample?

5.Wecandrawtheconclusionfromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inform

B.persuade

C.debate

D.narrate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.educatingstudents

B.alteringbadhabits

C.avoidingundesiredaction

D.forminggoodhobbies

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Parentsintroducespinachinsmallbitesormixedwithafoodthatthechildenjoysovertimesothatthechildwillnotrefusetoeatit.

B.Teachersintroduceacademiccontentinshortblocksoftimeforyoungchildrenandgraduallyincreasesessionlengthbutnottowherestudentsbecomefrustratedorbored.

C.Paperwithwiderlinesisfirstusedandthenpaperwithnarrowlinesisintroducedstepbysteptohelpchildrenlearnprintingandhandwriting.

D.Achildmightbemadetothrowtoysuntilitisnolongerfunbyhisparentsinordertochangehisbehaviorofrepeatedlythrowingtoys.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thethresholdmethod.

B.Thefatiguemethod.

C.Theincompatibleresponsemethod.

D.Thepunishmentmethod

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theincompatibleresponsemethodistoforcechildtomakeunwantedresponserepeatedlyinpresenceofstimulusuntilheorshebecomesexhausted

B.thethresholdmethodreferstointroducingundesiredbehaviorwitharesponseincompatiblewiththeundesiredresponsesotheycannotbeperformedsimultaneously

C.thefatiguemethodmeansthatengaginginthebehavioristransformedintoavoidingitbyintroducingthestimulusatfullstrengthsoitbecomesacuefornotperformingit

D.thefatiguemethodisthatinpresenceofstimulusteachershavechildrenmakeresponseincompatiblewithunwantedresponse

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。首先，原文第一句話說到：Guthrie的接觸原則為如何打破習(xí)慣提供了實(shí)用的建議。在接下來的內(nèi)容中主要是闡述是如何應(yīng)用這個(gè)原則，并且提到了幾種方法，由此我們可以推斷，文章的目的主要是向我們闡述這些方法，所以本題選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容：Guthrie的接觸原則為如何打破習(xí)慣提供了實(shí)用的建議。所以這三種方法是為了打破習(xí)慣，也就是改變壞的習(xí)慣，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)D屬于“thefatiguemethod”而不是“thethresholdmethod”。所以本題選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第一句“Theincompatibleresponsemethodcanbeusedwithstudentswhotalkandmisbehaveinthemediacenter.”不契合反應(yīng)法適用于在面對傳播媒體時(shí)講話和行為不端的學(xué)生?？措娨晫儆诿鎸γ襟w的行為，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。選項(xiàng)A描述的是“疲勞法”而不是“不契合反應(yīng)法”，所以不正確；選項(xiàng)B指的是“不契合反應(yīng)法”而不是“閾值法”，也不正確；選項(xiàng)D描述的是“不契合反應(yīng)法”而不是“疲勞法”，不正確。所以，只有選項(xiàng)C表述正確。

13.單選題

Ingeneral，matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:—般來說，國家邊境問題是政府（）關(guān)心的問題。

extinct滅絕的；excluding除…外，不包括;excessive過度的，過分的;exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的。D項(xiàng)exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的符合句意，在這里表示“專門的,特別的”。

14.單選題

Theworkwasalmostcompletewhenwereceivedordersto（

）nofurtherwithit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.progress

B.proceed

C.march

D.promote

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。progress意為“進(jìn)步”；proceed意為“進(jìn)行”。proceedwith意為“繼續(xù)做”；march意為“”（堅(jiān)定地向某地）前進(jìn)；promote意為“促進(jìn)，推進(jìn)”。

句意：當(dāng)我們接到命令不再繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去時(shí)，這項(xiàng)工作幾乎完成了。

15.單選題

HurricanesformoverthetropicaloceanicregionswheretheSunheatshugemassesofmoistair.Anascendingspiralmotionresults,inthesamemannerasdescribedintornadoformation.Whenthemoistureoftherisingaircondenses,thelatentheatprovidesadditionalenergyandmoreairrisesupthecolumn.Thislatentheatisachiefsourceofthehurricane'senergyandisreadilyavailablefromthecondensationofthemoistairofitssourceregion.

Unlikethetornado,ahurricanegainsenergyfromitssourceregion.[1]Asmoreandmoreairrises,thehurricanegrows,accompaniedbycloudsandincreasingwindsthatblowinalargespiralaroundarelativelycalm,low-pressurecenter_theeyeofthehurricane.Theeyemaybe20to30mileswide,andshipssailingintothisareahavefoundthatitisusuallycalmandclearwithnoindicationofthesurroundingstorm.Theairpressureisreduced6-8%(toabout28in.ofHg)neartheeye.Hurricanesmoveratherslowlyatafewmilesperhour.

[2]Coveringbroadareas,hurricanescanbeparticularlydestructive.Therewewindsofatleast74mi/h;butthesecanbemuchgreater,upto120-130mi/h,whichareverydangerous.Mobilehomesareparticularlyvulnerabletohurricanewinds.Thegreatestthreatfromahurricane'swindscomesfromtheircargoofdebris—adeadlybarrageofflyingmissilessuchaslawnfurniture,signs,roofing,andmetalsiding.

Hurricanewindsdomuchdamage,butdrowningisthegreatestcauseofhurricanedeaths.[3]Astheeyeofthehurricanecomesashoreor"makeslandfall",agreatdomeofwatercalledastormsurge,oftenover50miwide,co