考研考博-英語-中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)臨床醫(yī)藥學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)臨床醫(yī)藥學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

勞動仲裁類似于中世紀(jì)手工業(yè)行會的調(diào)停話動，它是多步驟申述體制之最終結(jié)果。

盡管信托關(guān)系可以口頭創(chuàng)立，但卻一般是經(jīng)書面文件形式確認(rèn)。

破壞環(huán)境之行為可以被法律規(guī)定為犯罪。

因股東大會不夠法定人數(shù)，故該決議被認(rèn)定無效。

【答案】Laborarbitration,similartothemediationactivitiesinthemedievalcraftguilds,isthefinalresultofmulti-steprepresentationsystem.

Atrustmaybecreatedorally,butusuallyissetupinawrittenform.

Anactthatisdestructivetotheenvironmentmaybecriminalizedbystatue.

Theresolutionwasinvalidbecausetheshareholder'smeetingwasnotquorate.

2.單選題

Toomanypeoplebelievethattoachievegreatthingswemustmakebrutalsacrifices,thattosucceedinworkwemustfocussingle-mindedly,atthe（

）ofeverythingelseinlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.heart

B.beginning

C.mercy

D.expense

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。attheexpenseof意為“以……為代價(jià)”。

句意：太多的人相信為了成就大事我們必須做出殘酷的犧牲，為了在工作中取得成功，我們必須一心一意，以犧牲生活中的其他一切為代價(jià)。

3.單選題

8.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.$60.

B.$40.

C.$360.

D.$30.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Ok.Sothatwouldbe800dollarsplus60dollarsinovertime,right?

W:Right,somypaycheckshouldbe860dollars,butonly830dollarswereputintomyaccount.

M:Sorryaboutthat.I’llrecordthemistaketodayandwirethemoneyintoyouraccountfirstthingtomorrowmorning.

Q:Howmuchwillthemanwireintothewoman'saccount?

【解析】計(jì)算題。本應(yīng)打入女士賬戶860美元，但實(shí)際只有830美元，因此還應(yīng)打入30美元。

4.單選題

Toomuch（

）toX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclosure

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“揭露，揭發(fā)”；B選項(xiàng)“展示”；C選項(xiàng)“聯(lián)系，接觸”；D選項(xiàng)“暴露”。句意：太多（）在X光線上會導(dǎo)致曬傷，癌癥以及身體其他部位的損傷。答案選D，暴露在X-光里。C選項(xiàng)一般表用郵件或者電話聯(lián)系或接觸，所以不能選。

5.單選題

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy."I'magoodeconomicindicator,"shesays."Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars."SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus."Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too"shesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscoiningatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay.holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."saysJohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.

1.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet’’(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans（）.

2.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

3.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange’’(Lines3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout（）.

4.Whycanmanypeoplesee‘‘silverlinings”totheeconomicslowdown?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.

B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.

C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Optimistic

B.Confused

C.Carefree

D.Panicked.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.goldmarket.

B.realestate.

C.stockexchange

D.ventureinvestment.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

B.Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

C.Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom

D.Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Anewboom,onthehorizon.

B.Tightenthebelt，thesingleremedy.

C.Cautionallright,panicnot

D.Themoreventures,themorechances.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12toS50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.這位47歲的美甲師也沒有像她想的那樣修剪、填充或拋光那么多的指甲。她的大多數(shù)客戶每周花費(fèi)12至50美元，但上個月，兩位老客戶突然不再光顧。因此，斯珀羅開始縮減開支，在迪拉德位于克利夫蘭郊區(qū)的家附近的中檔百貨商店購物，而不是去內(nèi)曼?馬庫斯(NeimanMarcus)。由此段內(nèi)容可知雖然Ellen的生意沒以前好了，但Ellen的生活狀況并沒有陷入絕望的境地。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.但是現(xiàn)在還沒有發(fā)出警報(bào)。消費(fèi)者似乎只是擔(dān)心，并沒有驚慌失措，許多人說，他們對經(jīng)濟(jì)的長期前景仍持樂觀態(tài)度，盡管他們采取了一些適度的緊縮措施?？芍M(fèi)者對經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢保持樂觀態(tài)度，故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。由第三段Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."在大多數(shù)地區(qū)，房價(jià)保持穩(wěn)定。在曼哈頓，“新的淘金熱在400萬到1000萬美元之間發(fā)生，主要是由華爾街的獎金推動的。”經(jīng)紀(jì)人芭芭拉?科克倫說。在舊金山，房價(jià)仍在上漲，盡管瘋狂的高出價(jià)已經(jīng)平息?，F(xiàn)在，你可能只會收到兩三個offer，而不是20到30個?？芍?00萬到1000萬美元是指房價(jià)，整段都是圍繞房價(jià)問題展開的，故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。由最后一段“Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.潛在的購房者會為更低的利率而歡呼。雇主們不會介意就業(yè)市場少一點(diǎn)泡沫。許多消費(fèi)者似乎受到了股市波動的影響，投資者現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為股市波動是持續(xù)繁榮的必要因素。用餐者可能也看到了好處。要在曼哈頓炙手可熱的新阿蘭杜卡斯(AlainDucasse)餐廳訂到位子是不可能的，現(xiàn)在不是這樣了?？芍?jīng)濟(jì)衰退也能帶來一些好處。故A項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。本文開篇用事例引出經(jīng)濟(jì)滑坡的話題，隨后表明人們對經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑仍然保持樂觀態(tài)度，最后指出，人們可從中可以得到不少好處。C項(xiàng)的“適度謹(jǐn)慎是必要的，無需驚慌”與本文相符，故C項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Sheexpressedherstrongdeterminationthatnothingcould

hertogiveuphercareerasateacher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.induce

B.deduce

C.reduce

D.attract

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。induce“誘導(dǎo)，引起”；deduce“推論；推斷”；reduce“減少”；attract“吸引”。Inducesb.todosth.“誘導(dǎo)某人做某事”。句意：她表達(dá)了自己堅(jiān)定的決心，任何事都不可能誘使她放棄教師這個職業(yè)。

7.單選題

Youradvicewouldbe（

）valuabletohim,whoisnowatalossastowhattodofirst.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceedingly

B.excessively

C.extensively

D.exclusively

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exceedingly“非常，極其”；B選項(xiàng)excessively“過度地”；C選項(xiàng)extensively“廣大地，廣泛地”；D選項(xiàng)exclusively“唯一地”。根據(jù)valuable（很重要的，寶貴的）可知A選項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)，表示“非常有價(jià)值”。句意：你的建議對他非常有價(jià)值，因?yàn)樗F(xiàn)在不知道該先做什么。

8.單選題

InAustria,wherefertilefarmlandislimited,crops（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.areonthesidesofmountainsoftengrown

B.oftenareonthesidesofmountainsgrown

C.aregrownonthesidesoftenofmountains

D.areoftengrownonthesidesofmountains

【答案】D

【解析】考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。often作為副詞修飾動詞，因此可排除B選項(xiàng)、D選項(xiàng)。onthesidesofmountains，介詞短語充當(dāng)狀語，應(yīng)當(dāng)放在句尾，所以排除A選項(xiàng)。句意：在奧地利，肥沃的農(nóng)田有限，農(nóng)作物通常種植在山的兩側(cè)。因此答案為D選項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Hishumorousremark（

）thetensionatthemeeting.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.released

B.replaced

C.relieved

D.retained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他幽默的言辭緩和了會議上的緊張氣氛。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去式。Release釋放,放出,發(fā)泄;replace代替,取代,更新;relieve緩和,解除,減輕;retain保持。由關(guān)鍵詞thetension(緊張局勢)可知C符合句意。

10.單選題

Thecurrentgeneralslacknessofthemarkethaspreventedusfrom（）neworderswithyou.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.placing

B.putting

C.arranging

D.providing

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)題意和選項(xiàng)可知本題考查固定搭配placeorderwithsb.“向某人發(fā)出訂單”，因此選項(xiàng)B、C、D均不符合題意，選項(xiàng)A為正確選項(xiàng)。句意：目前市場普遍不景氣，使我們無法向貴方下新訂單。

11.單選題

Onlywhenfacedwithoverwhelmingevidenceofbeingtreateddifferentlythanthemenwhosurroundedme（），briefly,withthenotionthatIwasdifferentingender-relatedwaysfrommymalecolleagues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatIdealt

B.Idealt

C.thenIdealt

D.didIdeal

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法知識。only位于句首時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的句子為部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。only后緊跟的是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，因此使用正常語序，主句則需要倒裝。D選項(xiàng)符合題意

12.單選題

Agoodteachermustknowhowto（）hisideastothestudents,asgenerallyagreedbyeducationalexperts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.display

B.transmit

C.convey

D.illuminate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞性及搭配。句意：一個好老師必須知道如何把他的想法傳達(dá)給學(xué)生。傳達(dá)思想，想法等用convey，選項(xiàng)C正確。

13.單選題

Hefeelsthatheisnotyet（）totravelabroad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toostrong

B.enoughstrong

C.sostrong

D.strongenough

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞的用法。A選項(xiàng)too…to…表示“太……而不能……”，不符合句意，排除A；B選項(xiàng)enough在修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)應(yīng)該放在它們的后面，排除B；C選項(xiàng)so應(yīng)該與that連用，表示“太……以至于……”，不符合句意，排除C；D選項(xiàng)strongenough表示“足夠強(qiáng)壯”。句意：他覺得自己身體還不夠強(qiáng)壯，不能出國旅行。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Iteliminatesthecomplicated（

）,donothavetospendtimearoundfriends,youjustneedtositathomeandcaneasilybecompleted.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.engagement

B.date

C.itinerary

D.appointment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。engagement約會；date日期itinerary路線，旅程；appointment任命。句意：它除去了繁瑣的行程安排，不必花時(shí)間和朋友在一起，你只需要坐在家里就可以輕松完成。根據(jù)空格后的內(nèi)容可知，空格處應(yīng)填C。

15.單選題

WeareundertakingasurveytoevaluatetheextenttowhichtheeducationalsystemthatexistsinChinatodayanswerstheneedsofsociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.areundertaking

B.theextenttowhich

C.answers

D.ofsociety

E.沒有問題

【答案】E

16.單選題

Heseeshisstudentsstrugglingbecausethelanguagetheythoughttheyknewnowappearstoconsistofabewilderingvarietyofidioms,clichesandacceptedphraseswithdifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtless

B.ridiculous

C.puzzling

D.undesirable

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.thoughtless粗心大意的；欠考慮的B.ridiculous愚蠢的；荒謬的

C.puzzling令人迷惑的D.undesirable不受歡迎的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】bewilder作動詞時(shí)，表示“使糊涂，使迷惑”，加上-ing則作形容詞，表示“令人糊涂的，令人迷惑的”，C項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義。

【句意】他看到他的學(xué)生在努力學(xué)習(xí)，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為他們已經(jīng)掌握的語言現(xiàn)在似乎包含了令人困惑的各種成語、陳詞濫調(diào)和在不同語境中具有不同含義的公認(rèn)短語。

17.單選題

TheprefixMachisusedtodescribesupersonicspeed.ItwasnamedforErnstMach(1838-1916),aCzech-bornAustrianphysicist,whocontributedtothestudyofsound.Whentwicethespeedofsound,itisMach2.Whenitisnearbutbelowthespeedofsound,itsspeedcanbedesignatedatlessthanMach1,forexample,Mach0.9.Machisdefinedas“theratioofthevelocityofarocketorajettothevelocityofsoundinthemediumbeingconsidered.”

Whenaplanepassesthesoundbarrier—flyingfasterthansoundtravels—listenersintheareahearthunderclaps,butthepilotoftheplanedoesnothearthem.

Soundisproducedbyvibrationsofanobjectandistransmittedbyalternateincreaseanddecreaseinpressurethatradiateoutwardthroughamaterialmediaofmolecules—somewhatlikewavesspreadingoutonapondafterarockhasbeentossedintoit.

Thefrequencyofsoundisdeterminedbythenumberoftimesthevibratingwavesundulate（波動）persecondandismeasuredincyclespersecond.Theslowerthecycleofwaves,thelowerthefrequency.Asfrequenciesincrease,thesoundishigherinpitch.

Soundisaudibletohumanbeingsonlyifthefrequencyfallswithinacertainrange.Thehumanearisusuallynotsensitivetofrequenciesoffewerthan20vibrationspersecond,ormorethanabout20,000vibrationspersecond—althoughthisrangevariesamongindividuals.Anythingatapitchhigherthanthehumanearcanhearistermedultrasonic.

Intensity,orloudness,isthestrengthofthepressureoftheseradiatingwavesandismeasuredindecibels.Thehumanearrespondstointensityinarangefromzeroto120decibels.Anysoundwithpressureover120decibelsispainfultothehumanear.

Thespeedofsoundisgenerallyplacedat1.088feetpersecondatsealevelat32degreesFahrenheit.Itvariesinothertemperaturesandindifferentmedia.Soundtravelsfasterinwaterthaninair,andevenfasterinironandsteel.Ittravelsamilein5secondsinair,itdoesamileunderwaterin1second,andittravelsthroughironin1/3second.Ittravelsthroughicecoldvaporatapproximately4,708feetpersecond;ice-coldwater,4,938;granite,12,960;hardwood,12,620;brick,11,960;glass,16,410to19,690;silver,8,658;gold,5,717.

1.Accordingtothispassage,“Mach”refersto（

）.

2.Soundisproducedby

（

）.

3.Decibelis

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisaTRUEstatement?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theratiooftheairspeedofanaircrafttothespeedofsound

B.amachine

C.aCzech-bornAustralianphysicist

D.thepilotoftheplane

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.vibrationsofanobjectpassingthroughtheair

B.spreadingofwavesafterarockbeingtossedintoapond

C.thunders

D.aflyingplane

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thefrequencyofradiatingwaves

B.thepressureofradiatingwaves

C.theunitformeasuringtheintensityofsound

D.thespeedofsound

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Soundtravelsfastestthroughthehardestthing.

B.Soundtravelsatdifferentspeedindifferenttemperaturesandindifferentmedia.

C.Soundtravelsfastestinhottesttemperature.

D.Soundtravelsfastestincoldesttemperature.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThePrefixMach.

B.TheSpeedofSound.

C.TheFrequencyofSound.

D.TheIntensityofSound.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Mach定位到文章第一段中，由Machisdefinedas“theratioofthevelocityofarocketorajettothevelocityofsoundinthemediumbeingconsidered.”（馬赫被定義為“在被考慮的媒介中，火箭或飛機(jī)的速度與聲速的比率”）可知選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的Soundisproducedbyvibrationsofanobjectandistransmittedbyalternateincreaseanddecreaseinpressurethatradiateoutwardthroughamaterialmediaofmolecules（聲音是由物體的振動產(chǎn)生的，并通過分子的物質(zhì)介質(zhì)向外輻射的壓力的交替增加和減少而傳播）可知A選項(xiàng)“物體通過空氣的振動”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞decibel定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段中，由Intensity,orloudness,isthestrengthofthepressureoftheseradiatingwavesandismeasuredindecibels.（強(qiáng)度，或響度，是這些輻射波的壓力強(qiáng)度，以分貝為單位）可知C選項(xiàng)“測量聲音強(qiáng)度的單位”符合題意。

4.推理判讀題。文章最后一段的“Itvariesinothertemperaturesandindifferentmedia.（它在其他溫度和不同的介質(zhì)中變化）”中的it指的是前句中的“thespendofsound（聲音的速度）”，然后介紹了在不同介質(zhì)中傳播的速度不同，因此B選項(xiàng)“聲音以不同的速度在不同的溫度和不同的介質(zhì)中傳播”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)僅適合文章第一段的主題；C選項(xiàng)僅適合第四段和第五段的主題；D選項(xiàng)僅適合第六段的主題。文章首段與尾段都提到了聲音的速度，中間也有提到，因此B選項(xiàng)“聲音的速度”符合題意。

18.填空題

Directions:Belowisapassageaboutclimatechange.ReadthepassagethenfillineachgapwithONEwordfromtheboxbelowthepassage.WriteyouranswersinthespacesontheANSWERSHEET.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.

VolcanoesMayBeSlowingDownClimateChangeTheplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredictedanditcouldbethatsulfuremissionsfromvolcanoesareblockingsunlight,coolingtheEarth.Smallvolcaniceruptionsmightbepartofthereasonwhythepaceofglobalwarminghasn’tkeptupwithprevious66anewstudypublishedinNature.Eruptionsofatleast17volcanoessince2000,includingKasatochiinAlaskaandMerapiinIndonesia,seemtohavehadacoolinginfluenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceand_67atmosphere.Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown68littlewarming.Thisso-called‘hiatus’puzzledresearchersaroundtheglobehavebeenworkingtounderstandthisphenomenon.“Thehiatusisafascinatingdetectivestory,’’saystheleadauthorofthestudy.“Whatweshowisthatevenwithoutanycomputermodelcalculationsthereisaclear69oftheseearlyvolcanicactivityhavingeffectsontemperaturesandonthereflectedsunlightoftheatmosphere,”saystheleadofthestudy.Researchshowsthatlargevolcaniceruptionsinjectsulfurdioxidegasintothestratosphere.Thegasformstinydropletsofsulfuricacid,alsoknownas“volcanicaerosols,”thatcanblocksunlight.Thatcoolingeffecthasbeenlargely70byclimatescientistsuntilnow,butitseemstopartlyoffsetthewarningfromhuman-causedchangesingreenhousegases.

【答案】66.predictions

67.lower

68.relatively

69.signal

70.ignored

【解析】66.考查上下文語境。根據(jù)Theplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredicted（地球并沒有像氣候模型預(yù)測的那樣變暖）中的predicted可知此處應(yīng)該是predictions.句意：《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，小型火山爆發(fā)可能是全球變暖速度沒有跟上之前預(yù)測的一致的部分原因。

67.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語法?？崭裉帒?yīng)該填入一個形容詞。選項(xiàng)中能與atmosphere搭配的形容詞是lower，influenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceandloweratmosphere（對地球表面和低層大氣的溫度的影響）符合句意。

68.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語法?？崭裉帒?yīng)該填入一個程度副詞修飾little表示“相當(dāng)小”。根據(jù)句子Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown…littlewarming.（在過去，研究人員觀察到溫室氣體水平的增加和全球變暖，但在過去的15年里，地球表面的溫度幾乎沒有顯示出相當(dāng)小的變暖跡象），可知應(yīng)該填入relatively程度副詞。

69.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語法。前面有不定冠詞a和形容詞clear,此處應(yīng)該填入一個單數(shù)名詞，選項(xiàng)里面只有signal符合。句意：我們所展示的是，即使沒有任何計(jì)算機(jī)模型計(jì)算，也有明確的信號表明，這些早期的火山活動對溫度和大氣反射的陽光產(chǎn)生了影響。

70.

考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)hasbeenlargely…by判斷，這里是一個被動語態(tài)，需要填動詞的過去分詞，選項(xiàng)里面只有ignored是過去分詞。句意：到目前為止，這種降溫效應(yīng)在很大程度上一直被氣候科學(xué)家所忽視。

19.單選題

It’sgoodtoknowthatquiteafewpopularEnglishexpressionsactually（）fromtheBible.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.result

C.obtain

D.derive

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)acquire表示“獲得，取得”；B選項(xiàng)result表示“結(jié)果，導(dǎo)致”；C選項(xiàng)obtain表示“獲得，取得”；D選項(xiàng)derive表示“源于，得自”。根據(jù)句意可知，很多流行的英語表達(dá)實(shí)際上來自圣經(jīng)。因此，本題選擇D項(xiàng)最符合句意。

20.單選題

Alltheories（

）frompracticeandinturnservepractice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.originate

B.restrain

C.modify

D.reflect

【答案】A

【解析】originatefrom為常用詞組,表示“起源于,來源于”。句意:一切理論都來源于實(shí)踐,反過來又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

21.翻譯題

Virtualhighschools,whichallowstudentstotakeclassesviaPC,haveemergedasanincreasinglypopulareducationalternative,particularlyforon-the-goathletes.UniversityofMiamiOnlineHighSchool(UMOHS)hasmorethan400studentsenrolled,56%ofwhomareathletes.Accreditedbythe100-year-oldSouthernAssociationofCollegesandSchools,UMOHSoffershonorsandadvanced-placementclasses.Allcoursematerialisonlinealongwithassignmentsandduedates.Forhelp,saysprincipalHowardLiebman,“Astudentmaye-mail,instantmessageorcalltheteacher.”

Dallas'momLoriBannonturnedtoanotheronlineschool.LaurelSpringsinOjai,Calif,Bannon,WhohasamedicaldegreefromHarvard,didn’twanttocompromisetheeducationofherdaughterLindsay,13,anelitegymnastwhospendseighthoursadayinthegym.“Regularschoolwasnotanoption,”saysBannon,“butIwantedtomakesureshecouldgobackatgradelevelifshequitgymnastics.”LaurelSprings'enrollmenthasincreased35%ayearforthepastfouryearsto1,800students.Atleast25%areeitherathletesorchildentertainers.

Educatorsaresplitonthemeritsofsuchschools.PaulOrehovec,anenrollmentofficerfortheUniversityofMiami,admits,“Iwassomewhatofaskeptic,butwhenIlookedintotheirprogramsandaccreditation,Iwasexcited.UMOHSisthefirstonlineschooltobegrantedmembershipintheNationalHonorSociety.”KevinRoy,Elite’sdirectorofeducation,seespitfallsandpotentialinvirtualschools.“Youwillneverhavethatwonderfulteacherwhoinspiresyouforlife,”saysRoy.“Butthevirtualschooloffersendlesspossibilities.Idon’tknowwhereeducation’simaginationwilltakethis.”

【答案】虛擬高中允許學(xué)生通過電腦上學(xué)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了一個日漸流行的教育方式，那些忙碌的運(yùn)動員們尤其鐘愛這種選擇。邁阿密網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)校已招收400多名學(xué)生，其中56%是運(yùn)動員。該校已獲得擁有100年歷史的南部大學(xué)和中學(xué)聯(lián)合會的批準(zhǔn)，提供榮譽(yù)和預(yù)修課程，授課過程與作業(yè)練習(xí)都在線上進(jìn)行，并標(biāo)注截止時(shí)間。校長霍華德·利伯曼說，如果需要幫助，學(xué)生可以通過電子郵件，即時(shí)短信或電話聯(lián)系老師。

達(dá)拉斯的母親洛麗·班農(nóng)選擇了另一所網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)校——加州奧凱市的勞雷爾·斯普林斯。班農(nóng)擁有哈佛大學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位，她不想讓自己13歲的女兒林賽的教育受到影響。林賽是一名優(yōu)秀的體操運(yùn)動員，她每天在體育館要待上8個小時(shí)。班農(nóng)說:“我并非想讓她接受常規(guī)學(xué)校教育，我只是想確保她在結(jié)束體操生涯后能跟上正常的學(xué)習(xí)?！痹谶^去四年，勞雷爾·斯普林斯的入學(xué)率年增長為35%，學(xué)生人數(shù)達(dá)到了1800。其中至少25%的學(xué)生是運(yùn)動員或演員。

教育工作者對這些學(xué)校的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)看法不一。邁阿密網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)校的招生官保羅·奧赫維克承認(rèn)，“對此我曾經(jīng)有點(diǎn)懷疑。但當(dāng)我查看他們的項(xiàng)目和資格認(rèn)證時(shí)，我很興奮。邁阿密網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)校是第一所被授予國家榮譽(yù)協(xié)會會員資格的網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)校。”精英教育總監(jiān)教育主管凱文?羅伊看到了虛擬學(xué)校的缺陷和潛力。羅伊說:“你永遠(yuǎn)也不會有一個能激勵你一生的好老師。但虛擬學(xué)校提供了無限的可能性。我不知道教育的想象力會把這種可能性發(fā)揮到哪種地步?！?/p>

22.單選題

By1950,theresultsofattemptstorelatebrainprocessestomentalexperienceappearedratherdiscouraging.Suchvariationsinsize,shape,chemistry,conductionspeed,excitationthreshold,andthelikeashadbeendemonstratedinnervecellsremainednegligibleinsignificanceforanypossiblecorrelationwiththemanifolddimensionsofmentalexperience.

Neartheturnofthecentury,ithadbeensuggestedbyHeringthatdifferentmodesofsensation,suchaspain,taste,andcolor,mightbecorrelatedwiththedischargeofspecifickindsofnervousenergy.However,subsequentlydevelopedmethodsofrecordingandanalyzingnervepotentialsfailedtorevealanysuchqualitativediversity.Itwaspossibletodemonstratebyothermethodsrefinedstructuraldifferencesamongneurontypes;however,proofwaslackingthatthequalityoftheimpulseoritsconductionwasinfluencedbythesedifferences,whichseemedinsteadtoinfluencethedevelopmentalpatterningoftheneuralcircuits.Althoughqualitativevarianceamongnerveenergieswasneverrigidlydisproved,thedoctrinewasgenerallyabandonedinfavoroftheopposingview,namely,thatnerveimpulsesareessentiallyhomogeneousinqualityandaretransmittedas“commoncurrency”throughoutthenervoussystem.Accordingtothistheory,itisnotthequalityofthesensorynerveimpulsesthatdeterminesthediverseconscioussensationstheyproduce,butratherthedifferentareasofthebrainintowhichtheydischarge,andthereissomeevidenceforthisview.Inoneexperiment,whenanelectricstimuluswasappliedtoagivensensoryfieldofthecerebralcortexofaconscioushumansubject,itproducedasensationoftheappropriatemodalityforthatparticularlocus,thatis,avisualsensationfromthevisualcortex,anauditorysensationformtheauditorycortex,andsoon.Otherexperimentsrevealedslightvariationsinthesize,number,arrangement,andinterconnectionofthenervecells,butasfaraspsychoneuralcorrelationswereconcerned,theobvioussimilaritiesofthesesensoryfieldstoeachotherseemedmuchmoreremarkablethananyoftheminutedifferences.

However,corticallocus,initself,turnedouttohavelittleexplanatoryvalue.Studiesshowedthatsensationsasdiverseasthoseofred,black,greenandwhite,ortouch,cold,warmth,movement,pain,posture,andpressureapparentlymayarisetothroughactivationof

thesamecorticalareas.Whatseemedtoremainwassomekindofdifferentialpatterningeffectsinthebrainexcitationitisthedifferenceinthecentraldistributionofimpulsesthatcounts.Inshort,braintheorysuggestedacorrelationbetweenmentalexperienceandtheactivityofrelativelyhomogeneousnerve-cellunitsconductingessentiallyhomogeneousimpulsesthroughhomogeneouscerebraltissue.Toma