考研考博-英語(yǔ)-慶陽(yáng)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-慶陽(yáng)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Allthepartsofthewashingmachineare（）,sothatitisveryconvenienttoreplacethem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.normalized

B.standardized

C.mechanized

D.modernized

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)normalize“正?；?，常規(guī)化，規(guī)格化”；B選項(xiàng)standardize“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”；C選項(xiàng)mechanize“使機(jī)械化，機(jī)械化”；D選項(xiàng)modernize“使現(xiàn)代化”，句意：這臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)的所有零件都標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化了，所以要更換它們很方便。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:Givealistofatleast5examplesofhowChinesecultureshinesaIdazzlingOlympicsopeningceremony,e.g.thepercussionrhythmsof2,008fouls,aprimitiveinstrumenlmadeofclayorbronze.RememberIowriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

3.單選題

Judgesmustbefirm,fairand（

）intheirapplicationofthelaw.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.normal

B.virtual

C.consistent

D.incessant

【答案】C

【解析】考察形容詞辨析。normal“正常的”；virtual“虛擬的”；consistent“一致的”；incessant“持續(xù)不斷的”。句意：法官在實(shí)施法律時(shí)，必須做到堅(jiān)定、公正、一致。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.單選題

Topreventrogueserversfrom______dataintransit,theserversthemselvesshouldbedigitallyauthenticatedbeforeanydataismovedbetweenthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.interfering

B.intercepting

C.interrupting

D.intervening

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)interfere“干擾”，B項(xiàng)intercept“攔截，竊聽(tīng)”，C項(xiàng)interrupt“中斷，打斷”，D項(xiàng)intervene“干涉，插入”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞rogueservers（流氓服務(wù)器）和data（數(shù)據(jù)）可知，空格部分表示“攔截”符合句意。句意：為了防止非法服務(wù)器攔截傳輸中的數(shù)據(jù)，在服務(wù)器之間移動(dòng)任何數(shù)據(jù)之前，應(yīng)該對(duì)服務(wù)器本身進(jìn)行數(shù)字身份驗(yàn)證。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

TheearlyretirementofexperiencedworkersisseriouslyharmingtheU.S.economy,accordingtoanewreportfromtheHudsonInstitute,apublicpolicyresearchorganization.Currently,manyolderexperiencedworkersretireatanearlyage.Accordingtotherecentlyissuedstatistics,79percentofqualifiedworkersbegincollectingretirementbenefitsatage62;ifthattrendcontinues,therewillbealaborshortagethatwillhindertheeconomicgrowthinthetwenty-firstcentury.

OlderAmericansconstituteanincreasingproportionofthepopulation,accordingtotheU.S.CensusBureau,andthepopulationofthoseoverage65willgrowby60%between2001and2020.Duringthesameperiod,thegroupaged18to44willincreasebyonly4%.Keepingolderskilledworkersemployed,evenparttime,wouldincreaseU.S.economicoutputandstrengthenthetaxbase;butwithoutsignificantpolicyreforms,massiveearlyretirementamongbabyboomersseemsmorelikely.

Retirementatage62isaneconomicallyrationaldecisiontoday.SocialSecurityandMedicaidearningslimitsandtaxpenaltiessubjectourmostexperiencedworkerstomarginaltaxratesashighas67%.SocialSecurityformulasencourageearlyretirement.Althoughincomesusuallyrisewithadditionalyearsofwork,anypayincreasesafterthe35-yearmarkresultinhighersocialSecuritytaxesbutonlysmallincreasesinbenefits.

HudsonInstituteresearchersbelievethatfederaltaxandbenefitpoliciesareatfaultandreformsareurgentlyneeded,buttheydisagreewiththepopularproposalthatmucholderAmericanswillhavetoworkbecauseSocialSecuritywillnotsupportthemandthatbabyboomersarenotsavingenoughforretirement.Accordingtotheincreasein401(k)andKeoghretirementplans,theongoingstockmarketonWallStreet,andthelikelihoodoflargeinheritances,thereisevidencethatbabyboomerswillreachage65withgreaterfinancialassetsthanpreviousgenerations.

TheHudsonInstituteadvocatesreforminggovernmentpoliciesthatnowdiscourageworkandsavings,especiallyforolderworkers.Amongthereport’srecommendations:taxhalfofallSocialSecuritybenefits,regardlessofotherincome;provide8%largerbenefitsforeachyearbeyond65;andpermitworkersnearingretirementtonegotiatecompensationpackagesthatmayincludealowersalarybutwithgreaterhealthcarebenefits.However,itmaytakerealandfruitfulplanningtofindtherightsolutiontotheearlyretirementofolderexperiencedworkers;anymeasurestakenmustbeallowedtoprolongtheserviceabilityofolderexperiencedworkers.

1.AccordingtoHudsonInstituteresearcher,theeffectoftheearlyretirementofqualifiedworkersintheU.S.economyis________.

2.TheoldexperiencedworkersinAmericatendtoretireearlybecausetheirprolongedservicemay________.

3.Thesecondparagraphiswrittenchieflytoshowthat________.

4.Whenmentioning“theongoingstockmarketonWallStreet”thewriter________.

5.Towardstheissue,whatthewriterismostconcernedaboutwillbe________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.constructive

B.significant

C.inconclusive

D.disadvantageous

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.doharmtoyoungergenerations

B.endupwithfewornobenefits

C.giveplaytotheirpotentials

D.shedlightonsocialtrends

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewillbeanacutelaborshortageinthenearfutures

B.baby-boomerscontributemuchtotheUSeconomic

C.governmentpoliciesconcerningolderpeopleareout-dated

D.olderworkersareenthusiasticaboutcollectingsocialbenefits

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.iscallingattentiontotheprivilegestowhichbaby-boomersareentitled

B.iscallingforthegovernmenttotakecountermeasuresagainstlaborshortage

C.isrefutinganotionaboutexperiencedworkers’earlyretirement

D.isjustifyingtheineffectivenessoffederaltaxandbenefitpolicies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.toadvocateradicallyreforminggovernmentpolicies

B.totakeintoaccountthebenefitsuponretirement

C.toputinpracticewhatHudsonresearchersbelievein

D.toprolongthepracticabilityofolderexperiencedemployees

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段TheearlyretirementofexperiencedworkersisseriouslyharmingtheU.S.economy,accordingtoanewreportfromtheHudsonInstitute,apublicpolicyresearchorganization.（公共政策研究機(jī)構(gòu)哈德遜研究所的一份新報(bào)告顯示，有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人提前退休正嚴(yán)重?fù)p害美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)。），可知有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人提前退休具有弊端，D選項(xiàng)“不利的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“建設(shè)性的”，B選項(xiàng)“意義重大的”和C選項(xiàng)“無(wú)定論的”屬于無(wú)中生有。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Retirementatage62isaneconomicallyrationaldecisiontoday.（在今天，62歲退休在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是一個(gè)理性的決定。）和最后一句Althoughincomesusuallyrisewithadditionalyearsofwork,anypayincreasesafterthe35-yearmarkresultinhighersocialSecuritytaxesbutonlysmallincreasesinbenefits.（盡管收入通常會(huì)隨著工作年限的增加而增加，但35年之后的任何工資增長(zhǎng)都會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)保障稅的增加，而福利只會(huì)小幅增加。），可知許多人希望盡早退休的原因是好處不夠，B選項(xiàng)“最終得到很少的好處或得不到好處”正確。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)年輕一代有害”和C選項(xiàng)“發(fā)揮他們的潛力”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。D選項(xiàng)“闡明社會(huì)趨勢(shì)”：根據(jù)第一段最后一句ifthattrendcontinues,therewillbealaborshortagethatwillhindertheeconomicgrowthinthetwenty-firstcentury.（如果這種趨勢(shì)繼續(xù)下去，勞動(dòng)力短缺將會(huì)阻礙21世紀(jì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。），社會(huì)趨勢(shì)指的是許多有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老工人很早就退休了，但這不是他們退休的原因，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第二段第一句指出人口老齡化會(huì)加劇，第二句指出年輕人群的增長(zhǎng)很少，第三句建議讓年長(zhǎng)的技術(shù)工人繼續(xù)就業(yè)以維持勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量，如果不改革，勞動(dòng)力缺乏的情況會(huì)更嚴(yán)重，綜合可知，A選項(xiàng)“在不久的將來(lái)，將會(huì)嚴(yán)重勞動(dòng)力短缺”正確。B選項(xiàng)“嬰兒潮一代對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)很大”：根據(jù)第二段最后一句butwithoutsignificantpolicyreforms,massiveearlyretirementamongbabyboomersseemsmorelikely.（但如果不進(jìn)行重大政策改革，嬰兒潮一代大規(guī)模提前退休的可能性似乎更大。），這里沒(méi)有講嬰兒潮一代對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)很大，屬于曲解原文。C選項(xiàng)“政府有關(guān)老年人的政策已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了”：文中沒(méi)有提到關(guān)于老年人的政策，屬于無(wú)中生有。D選項(xiàng)“年長(zhǎng)的工人熱衷于將社會(huì)福利收入囊中”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章在第四段第一句提出HudsonInstituteresearchersbelievethatfederaltaxandbenefitpoliciesareatfaultandreformsareurgentlyneeded,buttheydisagreewiththepopularproposalthatmucholderAmericanswillhavetowork（哈德遜研究所的研究人員認(rèn)為，聯(lián)邦稅收和福利政策是錯(cuò)誤的，改革迫在眉睫，但他們不同意一項(xiàng)廣受歡迎的提議，即美國(guó)老年人必須工作。），可知作者贊同美國(guó)老年人必須工作的觀點(diǎn)，隨后在第四段最后一句提出Accordingto…theongoingstockmarketonWallStreet…thereisevidencethatbabyboomerswillreachage65withgreaterfinancialassetsthanpreviousgenerations.（根據(jù)華爾街股市的持續(xù)上漲……有證據(jù)表明，嬰兒潮一代將工作到65歲，比前幾代人擁有更多的金融資產(chǎn)。），可知華爾街股市持續(xù)上漲的例子是為了支持上面美國(guó)老年人必須工作的觀點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)“反駁有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人提前退休的觀點(diǎn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“正在呼吁人們關(guān)注嬰兒潮一代所享有的特權(quán)”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。B選項(xiàng)“要求政府采取對(duì)策解決勞動(dòng)力短缺問(wèn)題”：這里沒(méi)有提到解決勞動(dòng)力短缺的問(wèn)題，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。D選項(xiàng)“為聯(lián)邦稅收和福利政策的無(wú)效辯護(hù)”：作者和哈德遜研究所一樣認(rèn)為聯(lián)邦稅收和福利政策是錯(cuò)誤，不符合文章內(nèi)容，屬于反向干擾。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章第一段提出有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人提前退休具有危害，第二段提出需要用政策使他們延長(zhǎng)就業(yè)，第三段指出他們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)提前退休，第四段強(qiáng)調(diào)老員工必須工作，第五段闡述了哈德遜研究所對(duì)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老員工提前退休的建議后總結(jié)必須延長(zhǎng)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老員工的工作時(shí)間。文章在各個(gè)方面闡述為什么需要延長(zhǎng)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老員工的工作時(shí)間，也給出了建議，D選項(xiàng)“給有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老員工延長(zhǎng)工作時(shí)間的可行性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“主張徹底改革政府政策”：文章只涉及到老員工提前退休的政策，沒(méi)有提出讓政府徹底改革，屬于偷換概念。B選項(xiàng)“考慮退休后的福利”：這只是文章的部分內(nèi)容，屬于以偏概全。C選項(xiàng)“將哈德遜研究人員所相信的付諸實(shí)踐”：作者引用哈德遜研究人員的研究?jī)?nèi)容只是為了佐證自己的觀點(diǎn)，不是想表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，屬于曲解原文。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

AlthoughIdon’twishto______yourcontribution,Ifeelwemustplaceitintitsproperperspective.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnify

B.expurgate

C.denigrate

D.belittle

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)magnify表示“放大，贊美”，B項(xiàng)expurgate表示“刪除，刪去”，C項(xiàng)denigrate表示“詆毀，使變黑，玷污”，D項(xiàng)belittle表示“輕視，貶低”。Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)主句的內(nèi)容“我覺(jué)得我們必須正確地看待它”可推知，Idon’twishto______yourcontribution表示的是“我不想貶低你的貢獻(xiàn)”。句意：雖然我不想貶低你的貢獻(xiàn)，但我覺(jué)得我們必須正確看待它。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

________canbeseenfromthecomparisonofthesefigures,theprincipleinvolvestheactiveparticipationofthepatientinthemodificationofhiscondition.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.As

B.What

C.That

D.It

【答案】A

【解析】考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：（）從這些數(shù)字的比較可以看出，其原理涉及到病人積極參與病情的改善。兩個(gè)句子之間缺少連詞，所以不能只單獨(dú)加主語(yǔ)，此句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)修飾整個(gè)主句最合適，所以答案選A。what和that都不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，所以B，C不選。

8.單選題

Thesamefactorspushwagesandpricesuptogether,theone（

）theother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emphasizing

B.reinforcing

C.multiplying

D.increasing

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)；reinforce加強(qiáng)，加固；multiply增加；increase增強(qiáng)，提高。

句意：相同的因素推動(dòng)工資和物價(jià)同時(shí)上漲，二者相互促進(jìn)。這里指由于相互促進(jìn)而增強(qiáng)，所以選項(xiàng)B最為恰當(dāng)。

9.單選題

Itcannotbedeniedthattheexistingresourcesonearthwillbedepleted,butscientistsare（）toconcedetheinevitabilityofthatday,realizingthatnewenergiescanbefoundinthenearfuture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bound

B.unprepared

C.hesitant

D.likely

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球上存在的資源將會(huì)枯竭。但是科學(xué)家認(rèn)為

在不久的將來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)新的資源。bound有義務(wù)的；unprepared沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好的；hesitant有疑慮的；likely可能的。此處，belikelyto為固定搭配，意為“可能做某事”。故選D。

10.單選題

Despitealmostuniversal_______ofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sliteracy,educationremainsadreamformanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confession

B.identification

C.acknowledgement

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。confession“坦白，供認(rèn)”；identification“鑒定；身份證”；acknowledgement“承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)”；compliment“贊美”。句意：盡管女性文化的重要性成為統(tǒng)一承認(rèn)的事情，但是在世界的許多國(guó)家，教育仍然是許多女性的夢(mèng)想。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

Ⅲ.(InternationalLaw)

ThePanelobservesthatArticle1.1oftheTRIPSAgreementprovidesasfollows:“MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.”

ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement.ThismeansthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareobligationswherestated,andthefirstsentenceofArticle61sostates.ThesecondsentenceofArticle1.1clarifiesthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareminimumstandardsonly,inthatitgivesMembersthefreedomtoimplementahigherstandard,subjecttoacondition.ThethirdsentenceofArticle1.1doesnotgrantMembersfreedomtoimplementalowerstandard,butrathergrantsfreedomtodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementationoftheprovisionstowhichtheyarerequiredtogiveeffectunderthefirstsentence.ThePanelagreesthatdifferencesamongMembers’respectivelegalsystemsandpracticestendtobemoreimportantintheareaofenforcement.However,acoherentreadingofthethreesentencesofArticle1.1doesnotpermitdifferencesindomesticlegalsystemsandpracticestojustifyanyderogationfromthebasicobligationtogiveeffecttotheprovisionsonenforcement.

Therefore,thestandardofcompliancewithArticle61istheminimuminternationallyagreedstandardsetoutinthatArticle.TheminimumstandardinArticle61doesnotdefertoChina’sdomesticpracticeonthedefinitionofcriminalliabilityandsanctionsforotherwrongfulactsinareasnotsubjecttointernationalobligationsundertheTRIPSAgreement,unlessitsostates.Forexample,thesecondsentencerefersto“crimesofacorrespondinggravity”,whichmightrefertodomesticpracticeinotherareas.However,thefirstsentenceofArticle61doesnotmakeanysuchreference.

Fortheabovereasons,thePanelconfirmsitsviewthatthefirstsentenceofArticle61oftheTRIPSAgreementimposesanobligation.ThePanelwillnowturntothetermsusedinthatprovision,readincontextandinlightoftheobjectandpurposeoftheAgreement,todeterminethescopeandcontentofthatobligation.

59.WhatisrequiredbyArticle1.1ofTRIPS?

60.Whichoftheflowingisthemostsuitabletopicforthe2ndparagraph?

61.OnecaninferfromtheunderlinedphrasethatthefirstsentenceofArticle61___.

62.Theunderlinedphrase“deferto”inthe3rdparagraphmeansto___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ToprovidethesametreatmenttonationalsofotherWTOmembers.

B.ToprovidemoreextensiveprotectionthanrequiredbyTRIPS.

C.TotakespecificmethodtoimplementtheprovisionsofTRIPS.

D.TogiveeffecttotheprovisionsofTRIPS.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheinterpretationofArticle1.1ofTRIPS.

B.ObligationssetoutinArticle1.1ofTRIPScannotbederogated.

C.ObligationssetoutinArticle1.1ofTRIPS.

D.The3sentencesofArticle1.1ofTRIPShavedifferentmeaning.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.makessomestatements

B.sostates

C.isanobligationoftheWTOmembers

D.isthesameastheprovisionsofTRIPS

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.delay

B.givewaytosomebody’sjudgment

C.respect

D.postpone

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段Article1.1oftheTRIPSAgreementprovidesasfollows:“MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement…”（《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條規(guī)定如下：“各成員應(yīng)實(shí)施本協(xié)定的各項(xiàng)規(guī)定。各成員可以(但不應(yīng)被迫)在其法律中實(shí)施比本協(xié)定要求的更廣泛的保護(hù)，只要此種保護(hù)不違反本協(xié)定的規(guī)定……”）可知選D選項(xiàng)“實(shí)施《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》條款”，以及B選項(xiàng)“提供比《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》要求的更廣泛的保護(hù)”不符合原文，原文是需要在“此種保護(hù)不違反本協(xié)定的規(guī)定”這個(gè)前提下；A選項(xiàng)“向其他世貿(mào)組織成員的國(guó)民提供同樣的待遇”和C選項(xiàng)“采取具體方法實(shí)施《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》條款”第一段未提及。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

60.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement…ThesecondsentenceofArticle1.1clarifiesthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareminimumstandardsonly,inthatitgivesMembersthefreedomtoimplementahigherstandard,subjecttoacondition.ThethirdsentenceofArticle1.1doesnotgrantMembersfreedomtoimplementalowerstandard…（第1.1條第一句規(guī)定了成員“應(yīng)使”本協(xié)定條款生效的基本義務(wù)……第1.1條的第二句話澄清了《協(xié)定》的規(guī)定僅是最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，因?yàn)樗o予成員執(zhí)行更高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的自由，但須有一個(gè)條件。第1.1條第3句不給予成員執(zhí)行較低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的自由……）可知第二段都在解釋說(shuō)明Article1.1oftheTRIPSAgreement（《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條）的內(nèi)容，選A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條的解釋”；B選項(xiàng)“不能減損《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條規(guī)定的義務(wù)”，C選項(xiàng)“《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條規(guī)定的義務(wù)”以及D選項(xiàng)“《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》第1.1條的3句話有不同的含義”都是第二段的片面內(nèi)容，不足以概括整個(gè)段落。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

61.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文劃線句子部分ThismeansthattheprovisionsoftheAgreementareobligationswherestated,andthefirstsentenceofArticle61sostates.（這意味著，《協(xié)定》的規(guī)定在規(guī)定的地方是義務(wù)，第61條第一句就說(shuō)明了這一點(diǎn)），這里所提到的這一點(diǎn)即第二段第一句的內(nèi)容ThefirstsentenceofArticle1.1setsoutthebasicobligationthatMembers“shallgiveeffect”totheprovisionsofthisAgreement.（第1.1條第一句規(guī)定了成員應(yīng)實(shí)施”本協(xié)定各項(xiàng)規(guī)定的基本義務(wù)。），選C選項(xiàng)“是世貿(mào)組織成員的義務(wù)”；A選項(xiàng)“做一些陳述”，B選項(xiàng)“這樣說(shuō)的”以及D選項(xiàng)“與《與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定》條款相同”都不符合原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

62.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段TheminimumstandardinArticle61doesnotdefertoChina’sdomesticpracticeonthedefinitionofcriminalliability（第六十一條的最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不尊重我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)刑事責(zé)任定義的實(shí)踐），deferto在本句中表示“尊重；聽(tīng)從”；A選項(xiàng)“延遲”；B選項(xiàng)“讓步于某人的判斷”；C選項(xiàng)“尊重”；D選項(xiàng)“推遲”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirror—theglassofaroofinagreenhousewhichallowsthesun’sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.

Accordingtoaweatherexpert’sprediction,theatmospherewillbe3warmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarminguptookplace,theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetersandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere,possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth’schieffood-growingzones.

Inthepast,concernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthinkericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming:inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.

SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.

However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhaveexceededthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?

Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand“cold”spots(thatis,therelativelylesshotspots)onthesun.Asthesunrotates,every27.5days,itpresentshotteror“colder”facestotheearth,anddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth’satmosphericpressure,andconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsovariableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.

Scientistsarenowfindingmutualrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolar-weatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyears,includingthelastIceAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.

41.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould______.

42.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain______.

43.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemisphere,temperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis______.

44.Onthebasisoftheirmodels,scientistsareoftheopinionthat______.

45.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceAgeiscorrect,______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preventthesun’sraysfromreachingtheearth’ssurface

B.meanawarmingupintheArctic

C.accountforgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere

D.raisethetemperatureoftheearth’ssurface

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegreenhouseeffect

B.thesolareffectsontheearth

C.themodelsofsolar-weatherinteractions

D.thecauseaffectingweather

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearerising

B.possiblybecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremelting

C.exclusivelyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate

D.partlyduetovariationsintheoutputofsolarenergy

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcooler

B.itwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth’sclimatetotakeeffect

C.theman-madewarmingeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffects

D.thenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffect

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuels

B.icewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphere

C.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly

D.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworktotheadvantageoftheearth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】41.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“可以得出結(jié)論的是，大氣中二氧化碳的濃度將會(huì)……”。根據(jù)文章第一段carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirror—theglassofaroofinagreenhousewhichallowsthesun’sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.（二氧化碳的作用就像一面單向鏡子——溫室屋頂?shù)牟ＡВ试S陽(yáng)光進(jìn)入，但阻止熱量逸出。）可知A項(xiàng)“阻止太陽(yáng)光線到達(dá)地球表面”，內(nèi)容與文章內(nèi)容相反；B項(xiàng)“意味著北極的氣候變暖”，第三段最后兩句提到ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming:inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.（但是，氣象專家現(xiàn)在把更多的注意力放在了南極西部，那里可能只會(huì)受到幾度的變暖的影響：換句話說(shuō)，由于燃料的燃燒，在未來(lái)的50年里可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣的變暖），由此可知，現(xiàn)在南極氣溫更容易受氣候變暖的影響，所以B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不準(zhǔn)確；C項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致了北半球氣候的巨大變化”，內(nèi)容與原文所說(shuō)正相反，第五段第一句提到However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.（然而，大部分燃料是在北半球燃燒的，那里的氣溫似乎正在下降），由此可知二氧化碳會(huì)使大氣溫度上升，但事實(shí)上氣溫卻在降低，所以是無(wú)法用二氧化碳來(lái)解釋北半球氣溫變化的，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第四段最后兩句話Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.（現(xiàn)有的證據(jù)表明氣候已經(jīng)變暖。這符合二氧化碳使地球變暖的理論。）可知D項(xiàng)“提高地球表面的溫度”符合題意。因此該題選D。

42.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章是用來(lái)解釋……”。從全文來(lái)看，作者主要探討了兩種對(duì)大氣溫度變化產(chǎn)生影響的原因——人為因素和自然因素。若以人為原因?yàn)橹?，現(xiàn)在的大氣溫度應(yīng)比以前更高，但事實(shí)上相反，大氣溫度似乎在下降；若以自然原因?yàn)橹?，現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的冰河時(shí)代，但是又沒(méi)有，說(shuō)明二氧化碳與太陽(yáng)在相互影響著大氣的溫度，只有D項(xiàng)“影響天氣的原因”全面表達(dá)了文章的內(nèi)容，即解釋影響天氣的原因。A項(xiàng)“溫室效應(yīng)”和B項(xiàng)“太陽(yáng)對(duì)地球的影響”都只是其中一個(gè)原因，不夠全面。C項(xiàng)“太陽(yáng)-天氣相互作用的模型”太片面，也不選。因此該題選D。

43.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“雖然北半球的燃料消耗較大，但那里的氣溫似乎在下降。這是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章的第五段第二句Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhaveexceededthosecausedbyman.（因此，科學(xué)家得出結(jié)論，到目前為止，自然對(duì)天氣的影響已經(jīng)超過(guò)了人類造成的影響），接著作者在第六段提到Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun....itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.（一種可能是太陽(yáng)的變化……它的熱量輸出呈周期性上升和下降，最新的趨勢(shì)是下降），由此可知，影響北半球氣溫下降的原因有一部分是自然的影響，因此D項(xiàng)“部分原因是太陽(yáng)能輸出的變化”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“主要是因?yàn)槎趸嫉暮吭谏仙保谄叨翁岬絀fthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.（如果這是正確的，那么二氧化碳的變暖效應(yīng)可能會(huì)起到有效的平衡太陽(yáng)熱量遞減的作用），由此可知，大氣中不斷上升的二氧化碳濃度能平衡氣溫中不斷消失的太陽(yáng)熱量，所以A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不正確；B項(xiàng)“可能是因?yàn)閮蓸O的冰蓋正在融化”，與題干無(wú)關(guān)；C項(xiàng)“這完全是由于地球氣候慣性的影響”，內(nèi)容太絕對(duì)。因此該題選D。

44.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)他們的模型，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為……”。根據(jù)文章的第七段的第二句話…thatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAge（這些模型預(yù)測(cè)世界將進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的冰河時(shí)代，但事實(shí)并非如此），由此可知科學(xué)家認(rèn)為氣候應(yīng)該變得更冷，因此A項(xiàng)“世界的氣候應(yīng)該會(huì)變得更冷”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“地球氣候的慣性將需要數(shù)千年才能起作用”，最后一段倒數(shù)第二句Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.（解決這一理論難題的一種方法是假設(shè)有數(shù)千年的延遲，而太陽(yáng)效應(yīng)克服了地球氣候的慣性），根據(jù)這個(gè)句子可知文章提到太陽(yáng)效應(yīng)克服地球氣候的慣性是用來(lái)對(duì)科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為的模型預(yù)測(cè)世界將進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的冰河時(shí)代的一種假設(shè)，不符合題意；C項(xiàng)“人為的變暖效應(yīng)有助于增加太陽(yáng)效應(yīng)”，文章最后一句提到thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.（二氧化碳的變暖效應(yīng)可能會(huì)起到有效的平衡太陽(yáng)熱量遞減的作用），因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)“新的冰川期將被溫室效應(yīng)推遲”，文章中科學(xué)家做出的假設(shè)是太陽(yáng)效應(yīng)克服了地球氣候的這種慣性，所以D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此該題選A。

45.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“如果新冰河世紀(jì)延遲的假設(shè)是正確的，那么……”。文章最后兩句話提到Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.（解決這一理論難題的一種方法是假設(shè)有數(shù)千年的延遲，而太陽(yáng)效應(yīng)克服了地球氣候的慣性。如果這是正確的，那么二氧化碳的變暖效應(yīng)可能會(huì)起到有效的平衡太陽(yáng)熱量遞減的作用），可知如果新冰河世紀(jì)延遲的假設(shè)是正確的，溫室效應(yīng)可以平衡太陽(yáng)熱量遞減的作用，因此對(duì)地球是有利的，這與D項(xiàng)“溫室效應(yīng)可能對(duì)地球有利”符合；A項(xiàng)“克服這種冷卻效應(yīng)的最好方法是燃燒更多的燃料”原文未提及；B項(xiàng)“冰很快就會(huì)覆蓋北半球”，第五段首句提到mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere（大部分燃料是在北半球燃燒的），所以B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不正確；C項(xiàng)“大氣中二氧化碳含量的增加會(huì)使地球更快地變暖”，不是變暖，而是平衡太陽(yáng)熱量的遞減，C項(xiàng)也不正確。因此該題選D。

13.單選題

Thecontributiongenesmaketointelligenceincreasesaschildrengrowolder.Thisgoesagainstthe

notionthatmostpeopleholdthatasweage，environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegenetic

legacywearebomwithandmayhaveimplicationsforeducation.“Peopleassumethegeneticinfluence

goesdownwithagebecausetheenvironmentaldifferencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,”saysRobert

Plomin.“Whatwefoundwasquiteamazing,andgoesintheotherdirection.”

Previousstudieshaveshownvariationsinintelligenceareatleastpartlyduetogenetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plomin’steampooleddatafromsixseparate