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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-延邊大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題
Allflights(
)becauseofthesnowstorm,manypassengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.
問題1選項
A.hadbeencanceled
B.havebeencanceled
C.werecanceled
D.havingbeencanceled
【答案】D
【解析】句意:因為暴風(fēng)雪所有的航班都被取消了,很多乘客不得不改乘火車。
語法題??疾闀r態(tài)語態(tài)。前后句子主語不一致,因此前面句子應(yīng)該用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)表示原因:邏輯主語+doing,前面句子邏輯主語是Allflights,謂語動詞是cancel(取消),所以應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)。而且前面句子發(fā)生在后面句子之前,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。
2.單選題
(
)mylossesintradethisyear,yoursarenothing.
問題1選項
A.Comparingwith
B.Comparedwith
C.Tocomparewith
D.Comparewith
【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語用法。句意:和我今年的損失比起來你,你的不算什么。這里因為沒有連詞不能連接兩套主謂結(jié)構(gòu),所以選項D排除。主句的主語是yours(你的損失),這個主語不是人不能夠主動去做compare“比較”這個動作,所以要用被動語態(tài),因此排除A、C,答案選B。
3.單選題
Rosaisquietandintroverted(內(nèi)向的),andsheobjectsto______herlivingroomwithdozensofpeopleintheapartment.
問題1選項
A.share
B.sharing
C.havingshared
D.haveshared
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:羅莎安靜內(nèi)向,她不喜歡和公寓里的幾十個人一起住在自己的客廳里。objecttodoingsth.是固定搭配,表示“反對做某事”,排除A,D。C選項havingshared是完成時,和題干句子時態(tài)不符,排除C。因此B選項正確。
4.單選題
Ifyourcar(
)anyattentionduringthefirst12months,takeittoanauthorizeddealer.
問題1選項
A.shallneed
B.shouldneed
C.wouldneed
D.willneed
【答案】B
【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句子是指如果車要保養(yǎng)的話,含有對將來情況的假設(shè),因此從句謂語動詞用should+do表示與將來事實相反的假設(shè)。句意:如果您的車在前12個月需要任何保養(yǎng),請將其交給授權(quán)經(jīng)銷商。
5.單選題
Creamisayellowishoil-in-water()whichformsWhenmilkisallowedtostand.
問題1選項
A.emulsion
B.albumen
C.embrocation
D.yolk
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。emulsion“乳劑”;albumen“蛋白”;embrocation“擦劑”;yolk“蛋黃”。句意:奶油是一種淡黃色的水包油乳劑,牛奶凝固就可形成奶油。選項A符合題意。
6.單選題
Shewentintoadeep____aftertakinganoverdoseofsleepingpills.
問題1選項
A.unbalance
B.unbelief
C.coma
D.uncertainty
【答案】C
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.unbalance不平衡B.unbelief疑惑
C.coma昏迷D.uncertainty不確定性
【考查點】語義銜接
【解題思路】根據(jù)后文“服用了過量的安眠藥后”可知,空格處所填詞是服用過量安眠藥帶來的后果,C選項coma“昏迷”符合語義。
【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項不符合原文語義邏輯。
【句意】她服用了過量的安眠藥后陷入了深度昏迷之中。
7.單選題
Thecommonexperienceofhavinganameorwordonthetipofthetongueseemsrelatedtospecificperceptualattributes.Inparticular,peoplewhoreportthetip-of-the-tonguefeelingtendtoidentifytheword'sfirstletterandnumberofsyllableswithanaccuracythatfarexceedsmereguessing.Thereisevidencethatthemindmayencodedataaboutwheninformationwaslearnedandabouthowoftenithasbeenexperienced.Somememoriesseemtoembracespatialinformation;e.g.,oneremembersaparticularnewsitemtobeonthelowerright-handsideofthefrontpageofanewspaper.Researchindicatesthattherateofforgettingvariesfordifferentattributes.Forexample,memoriesinwhichauditoryattributesseemdominanttendtobemorerapidlyforgottenthanthosewithminimalacousticcharacteristics.
Ifadesignated(target)memoryconsistsofacollectionofattributes,itsrecallorretrievalshouldbeenhancedbyanycuethatindicatesoneoftheattributes.Forexample,onfailingtorecallthetermhorse(includedinalisttheyhavejustseen),peoplemaybeaskedifanassociatedterm(say,barnorzebra)helpsthemrecalltheword.Whilesomeadditionalrecallhasbeenobservedwiththiskindofhelp,failuresarecommonevenwithostensiblyrelevantcues.Thoughitispossiblethatthecuesfrequentlyareappropriate,nevertheless,ifwordswerenotlearned(encodedorstored)withaccompanyingattributes,cuingofanykindsshouldbeineffective.
1.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?
2.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatallencodedwordsare(
).
3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
4.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthormentionasacauseforforgetting?
5.Whichisnotmentionedasatendencyamongpeoplewhoencountertip-of-the-tongueexperience?
問題1選項
A.Wordsthatareonlyheardareeasilyforgotten
B.Thebrainalwaysremembersthemomentwordsarefirstlearned
C.Auditorycuesaremorehelpfulthanspatialcues
D.Uncommonwordsarenormallyrememberedwithvisualcues
問題2選項
A.rememberedwithouthelp
B.learnedwithoutcues
C.storedwithattributes
D.forgottenifnotused
問題3選項
A.Howapersonrememberswords
B.Theoriginoftheexpression‘"tip-of-the-tongue”
C.Howapersonusesnewwords
D.Howcuesareusedtopronouncewords
問題4選項
A.Theneedformoreprecisespatialinformation
B.Thecreationofostensiblyrelevantcues
C.Thelearningofwordswithoutcorrespondingattributes
D.Theuseofinappropriateauditorycues
問題5選項
A.Knowingthenumberofsyllablesinaword
B.Rememberingwherewordswereseen
C.Knowingthefirstletteroftheword
D.Recognizingthewordwhenheard
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:C
第3題:A
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】1.判斷推理題。A:聽到的言語信息很容易被忘記,第一段指出:Forexample,memoriesinwhichauditoryattributesseemdominanttendtobemorerapidlyforgottenthanthosewithminimalacousticcharacteristics(相比聽覺屬性占最少優(yōu)勢的那些記憶,聽覺屬性占優(yōu)勢的記憶傾向于更快速地被忘記),故A項與原文不符。B:人的大腦一直記憶單詞被首先知曉的瞬間,第一段指出:Thereisevidencethatthemindmayencodedataaboutwheninformationwaslearnedandabouthowoftenithasbeenexperienced(有證據(jù)表明人的大腦可能編碼有關(guān)信息何時被知曉和多久一次被經(jīng)歷的數(shù)據(jù)),故B正確。C:聽覺線索比空間線索更有幫助,D:不常見的單詞一般通過視覺線索被記憶,文章并未提及。
2.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Thecommonexperienceofhavinganameorwordonthetipofthetongueseemsrelatedtospecificperceptualattributes(差點想起一個名字或言詞的常見經(jīng)歷似乎和特定的感知屬性相關(guān)),Researchindicatesthattherateofforgettingvariesfordifferentattributes(研究表明,遺忘的頻率根據(jù)屬性的不同而變化),由此可知C項“被帶著屬性地儲存”正確。
3.主旨大意題。文章主要討論了“人怎樣記憶言詞”。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第二段指出:ifwordswerenotlearned(encodedorstored)withaccompanyingattributes,cuingofanykindsshouldbeineffective(如果言詞沒有在帶著伴隨的屬性情況下被知曉(被編碼或儲存),那么任何種類的線索提示應(yīng)該是無效的),由此可知C“沒有對應(yīng)屬性的學(xué)習(xí)言詞”正確。
5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。A:知曉言詞的音節(jié)數(shù),C:知曉言詞的第一個字母,第一段指出:Inparticular,peoplewhoreportthetip-of-the-tonguefeelingtendtoidentifytheword'sfirstletterandnumberofsyllableswithanaccuracythatfarexceedsmereguessing(特別地,說自己有差點想起感覺的人傾向于以遠(yuǎn)超單純猜測的準(zhǔn)確性去辨認(rèn)出言詞的第一個字母和其音節(jié)數(shù)),因此A,B在文中被提及。B:記憶言詞在哪里被看見,第一段指出:Somememoriesseemtoembracespatialinformation;e.g.,oneremembersaparticularnewsitemtobeonthelowerright-handsideofthefrontpageofanewspaper(—些記憶貌似包含空間信息,如一個人記得一個特定的新聞內(nèi)容位于報紙頭版右手邊較低位置),由此可知B項被提及。故選D“識別聽見的言詞”。
8.單選題
Thekneeisthejoint(
)thethighbonemeetsthelargeboneofthelowerleg.
問題1選項
A.when
B.where
C.why
D.which
【答案】B
【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞thejoint是從句的地點狀語,故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo),表示連接的地方。句意:膝蓋是大腿骨和小腿脛的連接處。
9.單選題
Thecarshandlewellandhaveastrikingdesign,with“butterfly”doorsthat_______upandopen.
問題1選項
A.switch
B.sweep
C.swing
D.swell
【答案】C
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.switch(使)改變,轉(zhuǎn)變B.sweep打掃,清掃
C.swing(使)擺動,搖擺D.swell(使)凸出,鼓出
【答案】C
【考查點】動詞辨析。
【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞butterfly,可知車門的設(shè)計就像蝴蝶一樣,結(jié)合后面andopen,可知橫線處指的是車門打開的方式,swing符合語境,因此C選項正確。
【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項不符合語境。
【句意】這款車操作良好,設(shè)計引人注目,它的蝴蝶門可以向上搖,然后打開。
10.寫作題
TherearemanyreasonsforapersonplanningtodoPhDresearch(forexample,newexperiences,careerpreparation,andincreasedknowledge).Whydoyouthinkpeopleshouldpursueadoctoraldegree?Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsaboutyouropiniononthistopic.
【答案】WhydopeoplegoforaPh.D.?Thedisinterestedreasonmostoftengivenissatisfyingtheirthirstforknowledge.Ph.D.studentsarethosewithhighdegreeofinternalmotivationthatstemsfromtheirinborncuriosityandloveofintellectualpursuits.Theyexpectthatafterobtainingtheirdegreetheywillmetamorphoseintoscholars.Forthosethetemptationofresearchingnewandexcitingsubjectsisalsoirresistible,oratleastpreferabletoallotherchoices.
So,aPhDmeansthatyouhavealotofknowledgeandinformationaboutyourfield.Yourknowl-edgeisnotonlytheoretical,butalsoofpracticaluse,andyoucanshareitwithothersforproblem-solving.Youareanexpertandspecialistinyourareaofstudy,andyoureducatedopinionwillbehighlyvaluedamongfriends,colleaguesandeventhemedia.
WithaPhDdegree,youmayhavemorecareerchoices.Atthesametime,youcangainahighersalaryandpositionwithinthecompanycomparedtocandidateswhodonothavethesameeducationallevelasyou.Furthermore,yourexpertiseinthefieldalsogivesyoutheopportunitytoacquireteach-ingpositionsatacollegeoruniversity.
TherearealsootherreasonsforpursuingaPh.D.,whicharemorepragmatic.GoingthroughyearsofstudyforaPhDdegreealsomeansthatyouwillhavebuiltupareliableanddiversesetofprofessionalnetworks.Youwillhaveworkedwithrenownedexpertsandscholarsinthefieldandwillhavemadeimportantcontactsduringconferences,allofwhomcanserveasexcellentcareerreferencesforanyjobpositions.
Inthissense,thedoctoraldegreeisnotonlyapassporttoaworldofresearchandnewknowl-edge,butalsoavaluableassetthatincreasesone’schancesforobtaininghigherpaid,moresatisfyingjobs.Itisseenasaninvestmentinone’slifeforfuturesuccessfulcareer,acertificateprovingone’sspecialabilitiesthatgivesadvantagesoftheownerinthejobmarket.
WhateverreasonsapersonmayhavewhenplanningtodoPh.D.research,theultimategoalistoenjoyabetterlife.APhDprograminvolveshardwork,rigorouscriticalthinkingskillsandalotofin-vestedtime,moneyandresearch.However,youreceivemanybenefitsandrewardsforhavingadoc-toratedegree,whetheritisforpersonalsatisfaction,socialstatus,andemploymentorforthesakeofeducationandknowledgeitself.
11.單選題
AsweepingreviewofNASA’shumanspaceflightprogramhasconcludedthattheagencyhasanunsustainableandunsafestrategythatwillpreventtheUnitedStatesfromachievingahumanlandingonMarsintheforeseeablefuture.
The286NationalResearchCouncil(NRC)reportsaysthattocontinueonthepresentcourseunderbudgetsthatdon’tkeeppacewithinflation“istoinvitefailure,disillusionment,andthelossofthelongstandinginternationalperceptionthathumanspaceflightissomethingtheUnitedStatesdoesbest.”
Amajorargumentagainstreturningtothemoonwasthatitdidn’tpencilout一thattherewasn’tnearlyenoughmoneydedicatedtotheprogram.IfthegoalisahumanlandingonMars,thecurrentstrategywon’twork.
“Absentaveryfundamentalchangeinthenation’swayofdoingbusiness,itisnotrealistictobelievethatwecanachievetheconsensusgoalofreachingMars,”MitchDaniels,theformerIndianagovernorandco-chairofthecommittee,saidWednesdaymorninginaninterview.
A2009committeeappointedbyObamaurgedNASAtokeepitsoptionsopenwhileinvestinginspaceflighttechnologyandlettingthecommercialsectorhandleroutinetripstolowEarthorbit.ButtheNRCreviewersarguethatNASAanditsinternationalpartnersshouldfocusonthe“horizongoal”ofMarsanddowhateverittakestogetthere,stepbystep,avoidingchangesinstrategicdirection.
NASAofficials,awarethatcriticsseetheagencyasadrift,saytheyhavealreadybeenmovinginthedirectionadvocatedbytheNRC.TheirstrategytargetsMars,justastheNRCreportnowdemands,theysay.“AllthisworkwilleventuallyenableastronautmissionstoMars,”NASAAdministratorCharlesBoldensaidinarecentNASAwhitepaper.
“NASA’sbeendoingsomework,andhasbeendoingsomethinkingoverthelastsixmonths,that
isinalignmentwithwhattheNRCsaysthetop-levelgoalsare,”saidGregWilliams,aNASAdeputyassociateadministrator.
ButWilliamswascooltothesuggestionofareturntothemoon,sayingtheairlessmoonofferslittlehelpindevelopingthekindofdescentandlandingtechniquesneededonMars,whichhasathin,troublesomeatmosphere.
TheNRCcommitteeprobedthephilosophicalquestionofwhywesendpeopleintospacetobeginwith.Thecommitteeconcludedthatthepurelypractical,economicbenefitsofhumanspaceflightdonotjustifythecostsbutthattheaspirationalnatureoftheendeavormaymakeitworththeeffort.
1.ThereviewofNASA’shumanspaceflightprogramisdescribedas(
).
2.TheNationalResearchCouncilreportimpliesthat
(
).
3.AccordingtoMitchDaniels,reachingMars
(
).
4.A2009committeeappointedbyObamaarguedthatNASAshould
(
).
5.NASAiscriticizedfor
(
).
6.TheNRCcommitteeclaimedthatspaceflight(
).
問題1選項
A.timely
B.extensive
C.critical
D.notable
問題2選項
A.theU.S.playsaleadingroleinspaceflight
B.internationalcooperationrequiresmorebudget
C.theprogram’schancesofsuccessareslim
D.thepublicneedtogivemoresupporttotheprogram
問題3選項
A.lacksfundingfromthebusinessworld
B.isaprojectthathasmadegreatachievements
C.isagenerallyacceptedobjective
D.willchangethecountryinvariousways
問題4選項
A.becomemorecommercialized
B.paymoreattentiontolow-Earth-orbitprojects
C.becomemorerealisticwithitsstrategies
D.makemoreeffortsindifferentspaceprograms
問題5選項
A.lackingconsistentgoals
B.beingoverambitious
C.demandingtoomuchfund
D.havinglow-qualitystaff
問題6選項
A.deservesdevotion
B.bringseconomicbenefits
C.wouldhaveanuncertainfuture
D.shouldusethetechniquesofmoon-landing
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:D
第5題:A
第6題:A
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息,可將信息點定位至原文第一段。根據(jù)“AsweepingreviewofNASA’shumanspaceflightprogramhasconcludedthattheagencyhasanunsustainableandunsafestrategythatwillpreventtheUnitedStatesfromachievingahumanlandingonMarsintheforeseeablefuture.(對美國宇航局載人航天計劃的全面審查得出結(jié)論,該機(jī)構(gòu)有一個不可持續(xù)和不安全的戰(zhàn)略,將阻止美國在可預(yù)見的未來實現(xiàn)人類登陸火星。)”,即可得出本題答案。
2.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“TheNationalResearchCouncil”,可將信息點定位至原文第二段。根據(jù)“humanspaceflightissomethingtheUnitedStatesdoesbest(人類太空飛行是美國做得最好的事情)”,即可得出本題答案。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“MitchDaniels”,可將信息點定位至原文第四段。根據(jù)“Absentaveryfundamentalchangeinthenation’swayofdoingbusiness,itisnotrealistictobelievethatwecanachievetheconsensusgoalofreachingMars(目前國家在做事的方式上缺少根本性的改變,(而一味地)認(rèn)為我們可以完成到達(dá)火星這一大家共識的目標(biāo)是不現(xiàn)實的。)”,即可得出本題答案。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息,可將信息點定位至原文第五段,根據(jù)“tokeepitsoptionsopenwhileinvestinginspaceflighttechnologyandlettingthecommercialsectorhandleroutinetripstolowEarthorbit(在投資航天技術(shù)和讓商業(yè)部門處理常規(guī)近地軌道旅行的同時,保持其選擇的開放性)”,即可得出本題答案。
5.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干信息,可將信息點定位至原文第五段。根據(jù)“…shouldfocusonthe“horizongoal”ofMars(航天局應(yīng)該專注于在火星項目范圍內(nèi)的目標(biāo))”,即可進(jìn)行合理推斷,從而得出本題答案。
6.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息,可將信息點定位至原文最后一段。根據(jù)“theaspirationalnatureoftheendeavormaymakeitworththeeffort(努力的渴望性質(zhì)可能使其值得付出努力)”,即可得出本題答案。
12.單選題
Whenwefinally______togethomeafterthetiringlongjourney,wecouldhardlymoveastepfurther.
問題1選項
A.tried
B.succeeded
C.managed
D.endeavored
【答案】C
【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項try“嘗試”,tryto表示“試著,設(shè)法”;B項succeed“成功,繼任”,succeedto表示“繼承,繼任,接著發(fā)生”;C項manage“管理,控制”,manageto表示“設(shè)法做”;D項endeavor“努力,盡力”,endeavorto表示“努力做,致力做”。根據(jù)空格前后的句意“當(dāng)我們在疲憊的長途旅行后回家”猜測,空格部分表示“設(shè)法回到家”,B、D選項可排除;A選項強(qiáng)調(diào)動機(jī)或動作,但結(jié)果并不明確;C選項強(qiáng)調(diào)成功這種結(jié)果;所以C項更符合句意。句意:經(jīng)過漫長勞累的旅行,我們終于到家了,幾乎一步也挪不動了。因此,該題選擇C項正確。
13.單選題
Colourblindnessisinabilitytodistinguishoneormoreofthethreecoloursred,green,andblue.(Abilitytoseecolourexistsinonlyafewvertebrates,including,amongothers,manandtheotherprimates,fish,amphibians,somereptiles,andsomebirds;andinbeesandbutterflies.)Intheretina,thelight-sensitivelayeroftissuethatlinesthebackandsidesoftheeyeball,thereare,inhumanbeings,threetypesofcones,thevisualcellsthatfunctionintheperceptionofcolour.Onetypeabsorbslightbestinwavelengthsofblue-violetandanotherinthewavelengthsofgreen.Thethirdtypeismostsensitivetowavelengthsofyellowbutisalsosensitivetored.
Colour-blindpersonsmaybeblindtoone,two,orallofthecoloursred.green,andblue.(Blindnesstorediscalledprotanopia;togreen,deuteranopia;andtoblue,tritanopia.)Red-blindpersonsareordinarilyunabletodistinguishbetweenredandgreen,whileblue-blindpersonscannotdistinguishbetweenblueandyellow.Green-blindpersonsareunabletoseethegreenpartofthespectrum.
Colourblindness,whichaffectsabout20timesasmanymalesasfemales,isasex-linkedrecessivecharacteristic.Awomanmustinheritthetraitfrombothparentstobecolour-blind.Acolour-blindmanandawomanofnormalcolourvisionhavedaughterswhohavenormalcolourvision.Butarecarriersofthetrait—thatis,thedaughtersmayhavecolour-blindsonsanddaughterswhoarecarriers.Thesonsofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvisionthemselveshavenormalvisionandareunabletopassthecolour-blindtraitontooffspring.Thesonofanormalmanandacarrierwomanmaybecolour-blind,andthedaughterofsuchaunionmaybeacarrier.Thus,colourblindnesstendstoskipgenerations.
1.()personisunabletodistinguishblueandyellow.
2.Theunderlinedword“skip”inthelastsentenceofthispassagemostprobablymeans().
3.Accordingtothispassage,().
4.Itcanbeknowfromthispassagethat()hasnormalvisionandisunabletopassthecolour-blind
traitontooffspring.
問題1選項
A.Acolour-blind
B.Adeuteranopic
C.Aprotanopic
D.Atritanopic
問題2選項
A.omit
B.clip
C.slip
D.emit
問題3選項
A.inabilitytodistinguishonlyonecolourisusuallynotregardedascolourblindness
B.onlyafewvertebrateshavetheabilitytoseecolours
C.onlyhumanshavetheremarkableabilitytoseecolours
D.allvertebratescannotseecolours
問題4選項
A.thedaughterofacolour-blindmanandacolour-blindwoman
B.thedaughterofanormalmanandacolour-blindwoman
C.thesonofanormalmanandacolour-blindwoman
D.thesonofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvision
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:D
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“什么色盲的人分不清藍(lán)色和黃色?”文章第二段提到“藍(lán)盲的人不能區(qū)分藍(lán)色和黃色”(whileblue-blindpersonscannotdistinguishbetweenblueandyellow),前面提到toblue,tritanopia,因此選項D符合題意。
2.詞義題。題目問的是“劃線單詞skip的意思”。文章第三段提到男性色盲的發(fā)病率是女性色盲的20倍,并且提到色盲有隔代遺傳的特點,因此skipgeneration就是“隔代”的意思,因此選項A符合題意。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“通過文章可知……”。文章第一段提到只有少數(shù)幾種脊椎動物具有看顏色的能力(Abilitytoseecolourexistsinonlyafewvertebrates),由此可知選項B符合題意。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“通過文章可知,下列哪種情況不會遺傳給下一代?”文章第三句提到色盲男性和視力正常的女性的兒子視力正常,且不能將色盲形狀遺傳給后代(Thesonsofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvisionthemselveshavenormalvisionandareunabletopassthecolour-blindtraitontooffspring),因此選項D符合題意。
14.單選題
Inthisnewera,thesinglemostimmediateandmostseriouschallengetoAmerica’straditionalidentitycomesfromtheimmenseandcontinuingimmigrationfromLatinAmerica,especiallyfromMexico,andthefertilityratesoftheseimmigrantscomparetoblackandwhiteAmericannatives.Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences.Asaresult,theyhaveoverlookedtheuniquecharacteristicsandproblemsposedbycontemporaryHispanicimmigration.Theextentandnatureofthisimmigrationdifferfundamentallyfromthoseofpreviousimmigration,andtheassimilationsuccessesofthepastareunlikelytobeduplicatedwiththecontemporaryfloodofimmigrantsfromLatinAmerica.Thisrealityposesafundamentallyquestions:WilltheUnitedStatesremainacountrywithasinglenationallanguageandacore-Anglo-Protestantculture?Byignoringthisquestion,Americansacquiescetotheireventualtransformationintotwopeoplewithtwocultures.
TheimpactofMexicanimmigrationontheUnitedStatesbecomesevidentwhenoneimagineswhatwouldhappenifMexicanimmigrationabruptlystopped.Theannualflowoflegalimmigrantswoulddropbyabout175,000closertothelevelrecommendedbythe1990sCommissiononImmigrantsReformchairedbyformerU.S.CongresswomanBarbaraJordan.Illegalentrieswoulddiminishdramatically.Thewagesoflow-incomeU.S.citizenswouldimprove.DebatesovertheuseofSpanishandwhetherEnglishshouldbemadetheofficiallanguageofstateandnationalgovernmentswouldsubside.Bilingualeducationandthecontroversiesitspawnswouldvirtuallydisappear,aswouldcontroversiesoverwelfareandotherbenefitsforimmigrants.ThedebateoverwhetherimmigrantsposeaneconomicburdenonstateandskillsoftheimmigrantscontinuingtoarrivewouldreachtheirhighestlevelsinU.Shistory.Theinflowofimmigrantswouldagainbecomehighlydiverse,creatingincreasedincentivesforallimmigrantstolearnEnglishandabsorbU.Sculture.Andmostimportantofall,thepossibilityofadefactosplitbetweenapredominantlySpanish-speakingUnitedStatesandanEnglish-speakingUnitedStateswoulddisappear,andwithit,amajorpotentialthreattothecountry’scultureandpoliticalintegrity.
1.WhatmakesAmericansveryproudinthepastis(
).
2.WhichofthefollowingdidnotmaketheAmericansneglectthecurrentimmigrationflood?
3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat
(
).
4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?
5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis(
).
問題1選項
A.theirstrongeconomicandpoliticalpoweronworldstage
B.theircapabilityofintegratingotherpeopleintotheirculture
C.theirgreattoleranceoftheculturalfeaturesofimmigrants
D.theirhighfertilityrateofnativeblacksandwhite
問題2選項
A.Thefocusontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration.
B.Thefailureinmakingadistinctionbetweenimmigrants.
C.Thelackofrecognitionoftheimmigrants’culturalinfluence.
D.Theindulgenceincelebratingtheirsuccessinthepast.
問題3選項
A.amorediversifiedimmigrantflowwillhelpthepromotionofEnglishlanguage
B.anabruptstopinMexicanimmigrationisaroundthecomer
C.thesuddenstopinlegalimmigrationwilloftenresultinasuddenincreaseinillegalentries
D.formerCongresswomanBarbaraJordanisstronglyagainstMexicanimmigrationtotheUS
問題4選項
A.TheincreasingnumberofMexicanimmigrantsisgoingtostopexpandinginthecomingyears.
B.TheMexicanimmigrationhasalreadyresultedinthenumberofSpanishspeakingpeople.
C.TheMexicanmovetotheUSwiththedeliberateintentionofdestroyingherculturalandpoliticalintegrity.
D.TheAmericansdonothavetoworryabouttheimpactofMexicanimmigrationatall.
問題5選項
A.ThechallengetotheUSfromHispanicimmigrants
B.ThedecreasingdiversityofimmigrantstotheUS
C.ImmigrantsandtheirinfluenceontheUSculture
D.AdisappearingUnitedStatesandapossiblesolution
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:B
第5題:C
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences(過去美國成功同化了成千上萬移民,沒有在移民中造成任何區(qū)別對待的問題,并且把關(guān)注的焦點放在了移民的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本和收益方面,沒有去考慮移民帶來的社會和文化影響,為此美國幾乎可以進(jìn)行自夸),可知過去讓美國感到自豪的是“將其他國家的人融入自己文化的能力”,即選項B。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:Americansliketoboastoftheirpastsuccessinassimilatingmillionsofimmigrantswithoutdistinguishingamongthemandhavefocusedontheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofimmigration,ignoringitssocialandculturalconsequences.Asaresult,theyhaveoverlookedtheuniquecharacteristicsandproblemsposedbycontemporaryHispanicimmigration(過去美國成功同化了成千上萬移民,沒有在移民中造成任何區(qū)別對待的問題,并且把關(guān)注的焦點放在了移民的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本和收益方面,沒有去考慮移民帶來的社會和文化影響,為此美國幾乎可以進(jìn)行自夸。因此,美國忽視了當(dāng)前拉美裔移民的獨特性和可能帶來的影響),選項B“沒有對不同的移民特點進(jìn)行區(qū)分”與句子中的overlookedtheuniquecharacteristics意思相同,故B項是原因所在。
3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的Theannualflowoflegalimmigrantswoulddropbyabout17
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