考研考博-英語(yǔ)-延安大學(xué)西安創(chuàng)新學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-延安大學(xué)西安創(chuàng)新學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.填空題

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions1to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage

Acoeducational（男女合校的）schoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatreeversionofsocietyinminiature（縮影）.Boysandgirlsaregiventhe1togettoknoweachother,tolearntolivetogetherfromtheirearliestyears.Theyareputinapositionwheretheycancomparethemselveswitheachotherintermsof2ability,athleticachievementandmanyoftheextracurricularactivitieswhicharepartofschoollife.Whatapractical3itis（togivejustasmallexample）tobeabletoputonaschoolplayinwhichthemalepartswillbetakenbyboysandthefemalepartsbygirls!Whatnonsensecoeducationmakesoftheargumentthatboysareclevererthangirlsorviceversa.When4,boysandgirlsaremadetofeelthattheyarearaceapart.Inacoeducationalschool,everythingfallsintoits5place.

Thegreatestcontributionofcoeducationis6thehealthyattitudetolifeitencourages.Boysdon’tgrowupbelievingthatwomenare7creatures.Girlsdon’tgrowupimaginingthatmenareromanticheroes.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschoolremoveillusionsofthiskind.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicaland8problemsinvolvedingrowingup.Thesecanbetterbe9inacoeducationalenvironment.Whenthetimecomesforthepupilstoleaveschool,theyarefullypreparedto10societyaswell-adjustedadults.Theyhavealreadyhadyearsofexperienceincopingwithmanyoftheproblemsthatfacemenandwomen

A.advantageB.properC.rewardedD.emotional

E.opportunityF.activityG.overcomeH.academic

I.enterJ.mysteriousK.eventuallyL.segregated

M.undoubtedlyN.principleO.advocate

【答案】1.E

2.H

3.A

4.L

5.B

6.O

7.J

8.D

9.G

10.I

【解析】名詞：A選項(xiàng)advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì)”；E選項(xiàng)opportunity“機(jī)會(huì)”；F選項(xiàng)activity“活動(dòng)”；H選項(xiàng)academic學(xué)者；N選項(xiàng)principle“原則”

動(dòng)詞：C選項(xiàng)rewarded“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞”；G選項(xiàng)overcome“克服”；I選項(xiàng)enter“進(jìn)入”；L選項(xiàng)segregated“隔離”；O選項(xiàng)advocate“倡導(dǎo)”

形容詞：B選項(xiàng)proper“合適的”；D選項(xiàng)emotional“感情的，情緒的”；H選項(xiàng)academic“學(xué)術(shù)的，理論的”；J選項(xiàng)mysterious“神秘的，難解的”；L選項(xiàng)segregated“分割的”；

副詞：K選項(xiàng)eventually“最終地”；M選項(xiàng)undoubtedly“確實(shí)地，毋庸置疑地”

1.句意：男孩子和女孩子能夠有（）來(lái)了解對(duì)方。這里空格在冠詞后，且后面沒(méi)有名詞，所以可知空格處應(yīng)該填名詞，這里從名詞詞義代入，E選項(xiàng)最符合題意。

2.句意：他們處于一個(gè)地方，一個(gè)他們可以在（）能力、運(yùn)動(dòng)成就和許多課外活動(dòng)（這是學(xué)校生活的一部分）方面互相比較的地方?？崭窈竺娴膯卧~是名詞所以前面填的實(shí)詞是形容詞，聯(lián)系下文的athleticachievement（體育成就）和extracurricularactivities（課外活動(dòng)），這里指的應(yīng)該是學(xué)業(yè)活動(dòng)，所以答案選H選項(xiàng)。

3.句意：這是多么實(shí)際的（）（舉一個(gè)小例子），能夠上演一個(gè)學(xué)校戲劇，其中的男性角色將由男孩扮演，而女性角色將由女孩扮演。感嘆句的用法是whata+N+句子其他部分或者How+adj+N+句子其他部分。這里是what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，所以空格處填名詞，演戲劇的時(shí)候男性扮演男性角色女性扮演女性角色，相比于男子學(xué)院或者女子學(xué)院來(lái)說(shuō)是一種優(yōu)勢(shì)，所以答案選A。

4.句意：當(dāng)（），男孩和女孩感到他們是一個(gè)種族的差異。在狀語(yǔ)從句中如果主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致，同時(shí)從句中又含有系動(dòng)詞be，則通?？墒∪木涞闹髡Z(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞be，留下其余部分，所以句子里的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句省略了boysandgirlsare，所以空格處填的詞是形容詞、動(dòng)名詞、名詞。根據(jù)主句關(guān)鍵詞apart，這里的詞選擇L。

5.句意：在男女同校的學(xué)校里，所有東西都落在它（）的位置。這里的空格放在代詞后面名詞前面所以空格處填的是形容詞。根據(jù)上文中，排練戲劇時(shí)，男性扮演男性角色、女性扮演女性角色可知答案選B，所有事情都放在自己合適的位置。

6.句意：男女同校最大的貢獻(xiàn)是它（）健康的生活態(tài)度?？崭袂懊娴脑~語(yǔ)時(shí)be動(dòng)詞把空格處去掉也不影響句意，所以空格處是個(gè)修飾性詞語(yǔ)也就是動(dòng)詞或者副詞，空格后面的詞語(yǔ)是形容詞所以空格處一定要選副詞。根據(jù)句意M選項(xiàng)符合邏輯。be動(dòng)詞后面不能接動(dòng)詞原型，所以答案不能選O。

7.句意：男孩在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中不會(huì)相信女人是（）生物。空格后面是名詞，所以答案選形容詞選項(xiàng)，從后面那句女孩也不再認(rèn)為男生是浪漫的英雄可知，男女同校的好處是破除兩性之間的刻板印象，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，這里選擇J選項(xiàng)，男孩子不會(huì)認(rèn)為女生是神秘的生物。

8.句意：棘手的青春期把成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中涉及到的一些身體問(wèn)題和（）問(wèn)題清晰地呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)?？崭窈蟮脑~語(yǔ)是名詞，所以空格處應(yīng)該填形容詞，空格前的連詞and連接生理的，所以這里填的就是心理的，答案選D。

9.句意：這些可以在男女同校的環(huán)境中被（）。這里be動(dòng)詞與過(guò)去分詞組成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以有C、G選項(xiàng)可選，these指的是前面句子中男孩和女孩在青春期遇到的問(wèn)題，所以能夠和問(wèn)題搭配的詞語(yǔ)是G選項(xiàng)。

10.句意：當(dāng)學(xué)生們離開(kāi)學(xué)校的時(shí)候，他們已經(jīng)完全準(zhǔn)備好以適應(yīng)社會(huì)的成年人的身份（）社會(huì)。根據(jù)固定搭配preparetodosth.由此可知空格處填的詞是動(dòng)詞原形，空格處接的詞是society根據(jù)句意，這里選I選項(xiàng)最為合適。

2.單選題

ThanksinnosmallparttoA1Goreandhisfilmproducers,theAmericanpubliciswakinguptotheseriousnessofglobalwarming.WhatisnotsowidelyappreciatedisthatunlesstheUSgovernmentactsurgentlyanddecisively,thisproblemcouldveryquicklygetverymuchworse.

ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil.CoalcombustiongenerateshalftheUS'selectricityandreleasesabout1.5billiontonsofcarbondioxideayear.Ifpresenttrendscontinue,thesefigureswillmorethandoubleby2050,muchtothedetrimentoftheworld'sclimate.Withoutanalternativefuel,theonlysolutionistocaptureandstorecarbondioxidefromburningcoal.

Overcomingtheengineeringobstaclesinthewayoflarge-scalesequestrationofcarbondioxidewillbehardenough,butthebiggerchallengeisoneofpoliticalwill.UScompaniesasyethavenoincentivetocapturecarbonemissions.Whilemovesatstateandcongressionallevelsarepushingintherightdirection,theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive.

ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded.Suchamovewouldnotonlyreducetherisksassociatedwithglobalwarming,butalsogoalongwaytorestoringAmerica'sgreencredentials.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whataddstotheseriousnessofglobalwarming?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheobstaclesforeffectivelycapturingcarbonemissions?

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontotheproblem?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheAmericanpublicwasignorantoftheproblem.

B.TheAmericangovernmentisdoingnothingtodealwiththeproblem.

C.TheUSwillchoosecoalasthemajorfuelwhichwillhavelargecarbonemissions.

D.Thereisnoalternativefuelotherthanforeignoilwhichhaslargecarbonemissions.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theexistingtechnologyisonlyabletodealwithlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

B.Thecompaniesarenothighlymotivatedinadoptingnewtechnologies.

C.Thegovernmentpolicyforusingcoalandoiliscounterproductive.

D.Thecompaniesfeelreluctanttobeinvolvedinpoliticalissues.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thegovernmentshouldchargecarbonemissionssoastoencouragecompaniestoadoptnewtechnology.

B.Thegovernmentshouldrewardutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemission.

C.Thegovernmentshouldmakelong-timeeffortstoencouragepeopletoplantmoretrees.

D.Thegovernmentshouldpayforlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：作者認(rèn)為，是什么加劇了全球變暖的嚴(yán)重性？文章手段提到了關(guān)鍵詞“全球變暖”，并指向美國(guó)政府的不作為會(huì)導(dǎo)致情況迅速惡化。因此答案出現(xiàn)在第二段“ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil”，出于經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治原因，美國(guó)政府選擇煤炭作為燃料。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。題干：關(guān)于有效控制碳排放的障礙，下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的？由關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第三段“theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive”，說(shuō)明是政府政策上的模糊性使控制達(dá)不到預(yù)期效果。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：作者建議如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題？最后一段中，作者提到“ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded”，說(shuō)明作者建議美國(guó)政府為碳排放進(jìn)行定價(jià)，投資開(kāi)發(fā)減少二氧化碳排放的科技。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Oneofthemainreasonsisthattheuniversity’s（）attractsstudentsandfacultystaffallovertheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fraud

B.respondent

C.misconduct

D.prestige

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。Fraud欺詐;respondent（尤指離婚案的）被告；misconduct不當(dāng)行為;prestige聲望。句意:其中一個(gè)主要原因是大學(xué)的吸引了全世界的學(xué)生和教職員工。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

4.單選題

Theownerofacarisnolongerforcedtorelyonpublictransportationandistherefore,not（）toworklocally.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compelled

B.obliged

C.restricted

D.repelled

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)compelled“強(qiáng)迫”；B選項(xiàng)obliged“約束”；C選項(xiàng)restricted“限制”；D選項(xiàng)repelled“擊退”。句意：有車(chē)的人不再被迫依賴(lài)公共交通，因此也就不再局限于在當(dāng)?shù)毓ぷ?。本句表示工作地點(diǎn)不受到限制，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

EventhepresidentisnotreallytheCEO.Nooneis.Powerinacorporationisconcentratedandverticallystructured.PowerinWashingtonis（

）andhorizontallyspreadout.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prudent

B.reversible

C.diffuse

D.mandatory

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prudent“謹(jǐn)慎的；精明的；節(jié)儉的”；B選項(xiàng)reversible“可逆的；可撤銷(xiāo)的；可反轉(zhuǎn)的”；C選項(xiàng)diffuse“彌漫的，散開(kāi)的”；D選項(xiàng)mandatory“強(qiáng)制的；托管的”。句意：甚至總統(tǒng)也不是真正的CEO。沒(méi)有人是。公司的權(quán)力集中在垂直結(jié)構(gòu)上。華盛頓的權(quán)力是……并且橫向分散的。由前后句意對(duì)比可知，此處應(yīng)表示華盛頓權(quán)力的結(jié)構(gòu)是分散的，水平的。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Thisistheindustrialist’s（

）:invest,andriskgoingbankrupt,ornotinvestandrisklosingyourshareofthemarket.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.junction

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)下文列舉出的兩種情況可以推斷,填空處應(yīng)指進(jìn)退兩難的境地。句意:這就是實(shí)業(yè)家的困境:要么冒著破產(chǎn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資;要么不投資,但要面臨著失去市場(chǎng)份額的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

7.單選題

Ifshe（）themeasles,shecouldhavegonetothepark.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadn’t

B.hadn’thad

C.hadhad

D.haven’t

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用had＋過(guò)去分詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)用should（would，might，could）＋have＋過(guò)去分詞。句意：如果她沒(méi)有出麻疹，她就會(huì)去公園了。因此，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.單選題

Eventhoughtheevidenceisoverwhelming,ifonejurorisstill（）,thecasemustberetried.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.present

B.skeptical

C.surprised

D.hungry

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)present“目前的；現(xiàn)在的”；B選項(xiàng)skeptical“懷疑的”；C選項(xiàng)surprised“驚喜的”；hungry“饑餓的”。句意：盡管證據(jù)是壓倒性的，但是如果一個(gè)陪審團(tuán)仍有……，這案子就必須重審。詞組Eventhough是“盡管……但是……”的意思，與evidence“證據(jù)”能夠形成轉(zhuǎn)折的就是證據(jù)有誤或者還存在不明之處。故選B。

9.單選題

Themultinationalcorporationwasmakingatake-over（）forapropertycompany.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.application

B.bid

C.proposal

D.suggestion

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。application“應(yīng)用，申請(qǐng)”;bid“出價(jià)，投標(biāo)”；proposal“提議，建議，求婚”；suggestion“建議，暗示”。makeabidfor“競(jìng)拍，投標(biāo)”，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。句意：這家跨國(guó)公司正在為接管一家房地產(chǎn)公司而競(jìng)標(biāo)。

10.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisagreatathlete.

B.Sheisafamedspeaker.

C.Sheisafamousscientist.

D.Sheisanotedinventor.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Howknowledgeofhumanbiochemistryhasbeenevolving.

B.Hownutritionhelpsathletes’performanceincompetitions.

C.Howscientifictrainingenablesathletestosetnewrecords.

D.Howtechnologyhashelpedathletestoscalenewheights.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ourphysicalstructures.

B.Ourscientificknowledge.

C.Ourbiochemicalprocess.

D.Ourconceptofnutrition.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itmayincreasetheexpensesofsportscompetitions.

B.Itmayleadtoathletes’overrelianceonequipment.

C.Itmaygiveanunfairadvantagetosomeathletes.

D.Itmaychangethenatureofsportscompetitions.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】ConversationOne

M:Tonight,wehaveaveryspecialguest.[1]Mrs.AnnaSanchezisathree-timeOlympicchampionandauthorofthenewbookTotheEdge.Mrs.Sanchez,thankyouforjoiningus.

W:Thankyouforhavingme.

M:Let’sstartwithyourbook.Whatdoesthetitle“TotheEdge”mean?What’reyoureferringto?

W:[2]Thebookisabouthowscienceandtechnologyhashelpedpushhumanstotheedgeoftheirphysicalabilities.Iarguethatinthepast20years,we’vehadthebestathletestheworldhaseverseen.

M:Butisthisafaircomparison?Howdoyouknowhow,say,afootballplayerfrom50yearsagowouldcomparetoonetoday?

W:Well,youareright.Thatcomparisonwouldbeperhapsimpossibletomake.Butthepointismoreaboutourknowledgetodayofhumanbiochemistry,nutrition,andmechanics.[3]Ibelievethatwhileourbodieshavenotchangedinthousandsofyears,whathaschangedisthescientificknowledge.Thishasallowedathletestopushthelimitsofwhatwaspreviouslythoughtpossible.

M:That’sinteresting.Pleasetellusmoreabouttheseperceivedlimits.

W:Theworldisseeingsportsrecordsbeingbrokenthatcouldonlybebrokenwiththeaidoftechnology.Whetherthisbethespeedofatennisserveorthefastesttimeinahundred-meterdashortwo-hundred-meterswimmingrace.

M:[4]Isthereanyconcernthattechnologyisgivingsomeathletesanunfairadvantageoverothers?

W:Thatisaninterestingquestionandonethathastobeconsideredverycarefully.Skis,forexample,wentfrombeingmadeofwoodtoametalalloy,whichallowsforbettercontrolandfasterspeed.There’snostoppingtechnologicalprogress.But,asIsaid,eachsituationshouldbeconsideredcarefullyonacase-by-casebasis.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutAnnaSanchez?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于女士，我們可以了解到什么？對(duì)話開(kāi)頭男士提到今天的嘉賓AnnaSanchez是三屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)冠軍（athree-timeOlympicchampion），因此A選項(xiàng)“她是名出色的運(yùn)動(dòng)員”正確。B選項(xiàng)“她是一位著名的演說(shuō)家”和D選項(xiàng)“她是一位著名的發(fā)明家”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及；C選項(xiàng)“她是一位著名的科學(xué)家”，主要是利用錄音中提到的science和scientific設(shè)干擾，錄音中女士雖然提及科學(xué)，但這是為了說(shuō)明科技對(duì)體育的影響，并不是說(shuō)明女士的身份，因此不正確。

2.Whatisthewoman’sbookmainlyabout?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士的書(shū)主要講什么？女士說(shuō)這本書(shū)是關(guān)于科學(xué)和技術(shù)如何促使人類(lèi)達(dá)到身體能力的極限。D選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)如何幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員達(dá)到新的高度”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)生物化學(xué)知識(shí)是如何進(jìn)化的”和B選項(xiàng)“營(yíng)養(yǎng)如何幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中的表現(xiàn)”雖然在錄音中有所提及，但不是這本書(shū)的主要內(nèi)容，因此均可排除；C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)的訓(xùn)練如何使運(yùn)動(dòng)員創(chuàng)造新的紀(jì)錄”，錄音中并沒(méi)有提到training（訓(xùn)練），因此C選項(xiàng)也可排除。

3.Whathaschangedinthepastthousandsofyears?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)在過(guò)去的幾千年里發(fā)生了什么變化。女士提到，雖然人類(lèi)的身體幾千年來(lái)都沒(méi)有改變，但改變的是科學(xué)知識(shí)（scientificknowledge），因此B選項(xiàng)“我們的科學(xué)知識(shí)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“我們的身體結(jié)構(gòu)”，錄音中明確提及人類(lèi)身體是沒(méi)有發(fā)生改變的，因此排除A選項(xiàng)；C選項(xiàng)“我們的生化過(guò)程”和D選項(xiàng)“我們的營(yíng)養(yǎng)觀念”，錄音中提及的是：如今關(guān)于人類(lèi)生化學(xué)、營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)和力學(xué)的知識(shí)已發(fā)生變化。變化的是知識(shí)，并不是過(guò)程和觀念，因此均不正確。

4.Whatistheman’sconcernabouttheuseoftechnologyinsportscompetitions?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是關(guān)于在體育比賽中科技的運(yùn)用，男士擔(dān)心什么？錄音最后，男士問(wèn)是否有人擔(dān)心科技會(huì)給一些運(yùn)動(dòng)員帶來(lái)對(duì)其他運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō)不公平的優(yōu)勢(shì)（anunfairadvantageoverothers），C選項(xiàng)“它可能給一些運(yùn)動(dòng)員不公平的優(yōu)勢(shì)”與原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“可能增加體育比賽的費(fèi)用”；B選項(xiàng)“可能導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)員對(duì)設(shè)備的過(guò)度依賴(lài)”和D選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)改變體育比賽的性質(zhì)”在錄音中均未提及，因此排除。

11.單選題

Doyouthinkthatallhumanbeingshaveaucomfortzone”regulatingthedistancetheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.

Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,thereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismannerofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitisinterestingtoobserve.

Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,andhowtheymoveastheyargueormakeanemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator；inParistheytakeitasitcomes!

AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide“comfortzone”fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson’sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy；theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory；theyputanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild’sheadinaffection；theyreadilytakesomeone’sarmtohelphimcrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewiththelefthand.ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplyleft-handedandusethathandmore.Doyouthinkthatallhumanbeingshaveaucomfortzone”regulatingthedistancetheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.

Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,thereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismannerofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitisinterestingtoobserve.

Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,andhowtheymoveastheyargueormakeanemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator；inParistheytakeitasitcomes!

AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide“comfortzone”fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson’sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy；theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory；theyputanarminreassuranceorstrokeachild’sheadinaffection；theyreadilytakesomeone’sarmtohelphimcrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifinadvertentlydonewiththelefthand.ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplyleft-handedandusethathandmore.

1.Intermsofbodilydistance,NorthAmericans（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinacrowdedelevator,aFrenchmen（）.

3.AnAmericanputshishandonanotherman’sshoulder（）.

4.Thepassagemainlyconcerns（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aresimilartoSouthAmericans

B.standfarthestapart

C.feelillateasewhentooclose

D.movenearerduringconversations

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.wouldbehaveinthesamewayasanAmericanwould

B.wouldmakenoparticularefforttodistancehimself

C.wouldbeafraidofbodilycontact

D.woulddohisbesttoleave

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.toshowapathy

B.toshowpassion

C.toshowfriendliness

D.todisguisehisfeeling

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.distanceandcontact

B.bodylanguage

C.culturaldifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWest

D.handsignals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.信息推斷題。文章第二段中提到當(dāng)美國(guó)人會(huì)覺(jué)得太尷尬如果彼此之間距離太近，“findthisawkward”，選項(xiàng)feelillatease意為感到不自在，最符合題意。

2.信息推斷題。文中第三段最后一句提到，美國(guó)人在擁擠的電梯也會(huì)保持距離，但是在巴黎，人們不會(huì)刻意地這樣做。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。文章最后一段提到“putasympathetichandonaperson’sshoulder”，將手搭在別人肩膀上以表示安慰，讓別人感受溫暖之情。Friendliness最符合語(yǔ)境。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.主旨思想題。對(duì)整體文意的理解。本文主要提到了不同文化地域中，人們對(duì)于距離感的認(rèn)知區(qū)別。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Thegovernment（）thediplomaticnotefromJapanforitsunclearattitudetothetradebetweentwocountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.denied

B.refused

C.rejected

D.objected

【答案】C

【解析】句意:因日本在兩國(guó)間的貿(mào)易問(wèn)題上態(tài)度不明確，該政府拒絕了日本的外交照會(huì)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。deny否認(rèn)，否定；refuse拒絕別人的請(qǐng)求、幫助、邀請(qǐng)等，是普通用語(yǔ)；reject拒絕接受，不予考慮；object反對(duì)，不贊成，與介詞to搭配。故選C。

13.單選題

Theadoffour-wheeledvehiclegivesviewersafeelingof（）thatnomatterwhathappensweatherwise,nomatterhowmuchitsnowsorhowbadthemudslidesare,youcangooutinyourfour-wheeldrive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invulnerability

B.irrationality

C.ambiguity

D.simplicity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)invulnerability“刀槍不入，不會(huì)受傷害”；B選項(xiàng)irrationality“不合理，無(wú)理性”；C選項(xiàng)ambiguity“含糊，不明確”；D選項(xiàng)simplicity“樸素，簡(jiǎn)易”。句意：四輪汽車(chē)的廣告給觀眾一種無(wú)堅(jiān)不摧的感覺(jué)，不管天氣如何，不管下多大的雪，不管泥石流有多嚴(yán)重，都可以開(kāi)著四輪汽車(chē)出門(mén)。本句表示四輪汽車(chē)不會(huì)受到傷害。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

ThereismuchIenjoyaboutthechangingseasons,butmyfavoritetimeisthe（）fromfalltowinter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transmission

B.transformation

C.transition

D.transfer

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)transmission“傳動(dòng)裝置；傳送；播送”；B選項(xiàng)transformation“轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改革；變形”；C選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡；轉(zhuǎn)變”；D選項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)晦D(zhuǎn)移；傳遞；過(guò)戶”。句意：雖然我對(duì)于變化的季節(jié)有很多喜歡的地方，但是我最喜歡的時(shí)間是從秋天到冬天的過(guò)渡。由句意可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Developmentsinshipdesignandconstructionmethodscameaboutin（

）tochallengesencounteredintrading.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.awareness

B.response

C.contrast

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】inresponseto響應(yīng),回答,對(duì)...有反應(yīng)；incontrastto與...形成對(duì)照；選項(xiàng)A和D無(wú)此用法。句意:船舶設(shè)計(jì)和建造方法的發(fā)展是為了應(yīng)對(duì)貿(mào)易中遇到的挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Ifyou（）theprincipleofdemocraticgovernmenttoyourfamilyyouwillrunintosomeobviousdifficulties.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.carry

B.track

C.manipulate

D.adapt

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Carry“拿，搬運(yùn)”；track“跟蹤，追蹤”；manipulate“操縱，控制”；adapt“使適應(yīng)”。句意：如果你使民主政府的原則適用于家庭中，那你會(huì)遇到各種明顯的困難。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

17.單選題

"Iamconvincedthatwewillnot_______amillimetrenormoveonesteptotheside,"saidGov.RubenCostastotensofthousandsofjubilantsupporterswavingthedepartment'sgreenandwhiteflags.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.recast

B.rebuke

C.assert

D.retreat

【答案】D

【解析】recast重鑄,徹底改動(dòng);rebuke指責(zé),非難;assert斷言,聲稱(chēng);retreat撤退。句意：“我相信,我們不會(huì)后退一毫米,也不會(huì)向旁邊移動(dòng)一步。”政府官員RubenCostas對(duì)揮舞著國(guó)務(wù)院綠白旗的數(shù)萬(wàn)名歡欣鼓舞的支持者說(shuō)道。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

18.單選題

Manyofthefadsofthe1970s（）astoday’slatestfashions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.arebeingrevived

B.isrevised

C.arerevoked

D.isbeingreviled

【答案】A

【解析】本句的主語(yǔ)是“thefads”，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)，首先排除選項(xiàng)B和D；revive恢復(fù)，復(fù)興；revise修正，校訂；revoke取消，廢除；revile辱罵，斥責(zé)。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

19.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheGulfStream,whichrunslikeafriendlyblueriveracrossthecoldgreenAtlanticOcean,isoneofthemightiestpowersintheworld.Bycomparison,theMississippiandthemightyAmazonarebutsmallrivers.TwomilliontonsofcoalburnedeveryminutewouldnotequaltheheatthattheStreamgivesforthinitsAtlanticcrossing.WithouttheStream’swarmthEngland’spleasantgreencountrysidewouldbeascoldasLabrador,whichisnofarthernorththanEngland.Ifthis“riverofblue”werecooledasmuchas15degrees,England,Scandinavia,northernFranceandGermanywouldprobablybecomearegionfortheEskimos.

Thegeneralcourseoftheblueriverhasneverbeenknowntochange.FromFloridanorththeStreamfollowsthecurveofthecoastbutstayswellawayfromtheshore.WhenthewarmwatersmeettheicyLabradorcurrents,theStreamlosessomespeedandheat,butevenwithicebergsatitsmarginitstayswarmenoughfortropicalsealife.

AstheStreamnearsEuropeitdividesnorthandsouth.ThenortherndriftmixedwiththeArcticOcean.ThesoutherndriftcomesagainintothepathofAfrica’shottradewinds,andthewatershurrybacktotheGulfofMexico,gatheringagaintheirstoreofheat.ThecompletecourseoftheStream,therefore,islikeatremendous12,000-milewhirlpool.

ScientiststhinkthatittakesthreeyearsfortheStreamtomakeacompletetrip.TheirbeliefisbasedonthecoursesofbottlesthathavebeenthrownintotheStreamtodrift.Thesebottlescontainpapers,printedinmanylanguages,requestingthefinderstonotetheplacesanddatesoffindingandmailthemback.Governmentexpertsonoceancurrentshaverecordsofthousandsofthere“bottlepapers”.

Otheroceanshavesuchcurrents.IntheNorthPacific,forexample,theJapaneseCurrentmakestheclimateofcoastalAlaskaandAmerica’swestcoastmild.Scienceisstillnotsatisfiedwithwhatitknowsaboutthesecurrents.ButformostofusitisenoughtoknowthattheGulfStreamandsimilarcurrentsgivewarmthtocountriesthatwouldotherwisebeverycoldindeed.

1.Thephrasethatbestexpressesthemainideaofthisselectionis______.

2.ThewaterintheGulfStreamis______.

3.TheeffectoftheGulfStreamonEnglandisto______.

4.Scientistshaveusedpapersinbottlestodeterminethenumberof______.

5.ManycountriesshouldbethankfultotheGulfStreamandsimilarcurrentsfor______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.interestingfactsabouttheGulfStream

B.scientificexperimentsontheGulfStream

C.currentssimilartotheGulfStream

D.tropicalsealifeintheGulfStream

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.pleasantlygreen

B.icyandblue

C.coldandgreen

D.warmandblue

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.makepossiblethegreencountryside

B.makeEnglandaregionforEskimos

C.coolpleasantlytheairinEngland

D.makenecessarytheburningofcoalsinwinter

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.beliefsabouttheexperimentsofthebottles

/r