不定冠詞和定冠詞的用法

-.z.不定冠詞和定冠詞的用法一、不定冠詞的用法（1）不定冠詞有a和an兩種：a用于輔音音素開頭的詞前，an用于元音音素開頭的詞前。例如：aboy,acity,agirl,ausefulanimal,anoldman,anhonestboy,abadapple,atallelephant（2）用來表示"一”的意思，但不強調(diào)數(shù)的觀念，只說明名詞為不特定者。即不具體說明是何人何物。例如：Ateacherislookingforyou.Weworkfivedaysaweek.（3）不定冠詞含有"—”的意思，但數(shù)量觀念沒有one強烈，在句子里邊一般可以不必譯出，但若有"一個”的意思則譯出，例如：Anorangeisgoodforyou.桔子對你有好處。（4）一般用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前，指人或事物的*一種類。例如：Billisastudent.Passmeanapple,please.（5）用在*些固定詞組中。例如：alotof,amomentago,afew,alittle二、定冠詞的用法（1）特指*（些）人或*（些）事物例如：Thebookonthedeskismine.Showmethephotooftheboy,please.（2）指雙方都知道的人或事物。例如：Openthedoor,please.請開門。Didyouseetheboy"你看見那個男孩了嗎？What’sthenewteacher’sname"新老師的名字叫什么？（3）指上文提到的人或事物。例如：Helivesonafarm.Thefarmisnotbig.他住在農(nóng)場，這農(nóng)場不大。Therearesomedogs.Thedogsareverylovely.這兒有一些狗。這些狗很可愛。（4）用在世界上獨一無二的事物前。例如：Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.太陽比月亮大些。但這些名詞作為描繪性定語時，可用不定冠詞。例如：Look!Aredsunisrising.瞧！一輪紅日正在升起。（5）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前。例如：Thefirstislandisthebiggestofthethree.第一個小島是三個中最大的。（6）用在用普通名詞構(gòu)成的黨派，國家等專有名詞以及江河、海洋、山脈、群島、海峽、海灣等專有名詞前。例如：TheywillvisittheGreatWallne*tweek.TheycametotheUnitedStatesofAmericalastyear.TheCommunistPartyofChinawasfoundedonJuly1st,1921.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.（7）用在形容詞前表示一類人，the+形容詞指的是一群人，是一種復(fù)數(shù)含義，所以其后動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Theoldaresick.（8）用在姓名復(fù)數(shù)形式前表示一家人。例如：TheSmithshavemovedtoLondon.（9）用在*些習(xí)慣用語中。例如：inthemorning,ontheleft,thedaybeforeyesterday,allthesame三、不用冠詞的情況（1）星期、月份、季節(jié)節(jié)日前一般不用冠詞。但是中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前習(xí)慣用冠詞。例如：Allofuslikethespringfestival.我們喜歡春節(jié)。It’sSundaytoday.今天是星期天。HewasbornonJune12,1999.他出生于1999年6月12日。TodayisFather’sDay.今天是父親節(jié)。Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind"冬天來了，春天還會遠(yuǎn)嗎但是如果被一個限制性定語修飾或有表示繼續(xù)的介詞during,through時與表一段特定的時間，則在季節(jié)前要加定冠詞。例如：ShecametoShanghaiinthespringof1987.她是一九八七年春天來上海的。TheschoolwascompletedintheSeptemberof2000.這學(xué)校是2000年9月落成的。Heswimseverydayduringthesummer.他夏天的每一天都游泳。雖不特指*一年的季節(jié)，但說話人把*季節(jié)看作一年的一部分，即一年的*一時間。則在季節(jié)前要加定冠詞。例如：Weplayfootballinthewinter.（2）在稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前。例如：Mr.Liisourheadmaster.李先生是我們的校長。AfterlunchAuntHuangcamein.午飯后黃阿姨來了。（3）各詞復(fù)數(shù)表示一類人或事物時。但若各詞復(fù)數(shù)被一個限制性定語修飾，則要加定冠詞the.例如：Ilikecakesverymuch.我非常喜歡蛋糕。MyfatherandmotherarethedoctorsinPeople’sHospitalofShangha(4)在三餐飯，球類運動與棋類游戲，學(xué)科名稱的名詞前。但若表示*一種或*一個特定的概念時用冠詞。例如：Hehadsupperwithusyesterday.It’saverygoodsupper.他昨天和我們吃晚飯，這是一頓豐盛的晚餐。Mybrotherlikestoplayfootball.我兄弟喜歡踢足球。Let’sgoandwatchthemplaychess.讓我們?nèi)タ此麄兿缕?。?）在物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名，地名等專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前.但若可數(shù)各詞有其它限制詞修飾時，則要加定冠詞the.例如:Smithisourteacher.史密思是我們的老師。Milkisgoodforus.牛奶對我們有好處。Thewaterinthepoolisverydirty.坑里的水很臟。（6）名詞前已有作定語的this、that、my、your、some、any、等限定詞時例如:Comethisway,please.I’vesomequestiontoaskyou.Mybrotherisastudent.詞法冠詞專項練習(xí)選擇填空：()1.Sheis_______girl.Sheis_______Englishgirl.A.a…aB.an….aC.a….anD.a…./()2.Tomis_______English.Heis_______Englishboy.A.an….anB./….anC./…/D.a…a()3._______liveinRoom208.A.TheGreenB.GreenC.TheGreensD.Greens()4.Januaryis_______firstmonthoftheyear.A.aB./C.anD.the()5.Weshouldthinkof_______oldand_______sick.A.a….aB.an…aC.the….theD./…./()6._______numberofthestudentsinourclassis52.A.AB.AnC.TheD./()7.Shecanplay_______piano,butshecan'tplay_______football.A.the…theB.the…/C./…theD.a….a()8.Thereis_______"s"intheword"si*"and_______"s"isthefirstletteroftheword.A.a…theB.a….anC.an…theD.a…a()9.Ahorseis_______usefulanimal.A.anB.aC.theD.this()10.Hehasalreadyworkedfor_______hour.A.anB.aC.theD.three()11.Lucywantstobecome_______.A.someteacherB.ateacherC.teacherD.teachers()12.Hainanis_______islands,isn'tit"A.theB.oneC.aD.an()13.Whatdoyouusuallydoafter_______"A.theclassB.classC.theclassesD.aclass()14.I'llhavetobuy_______trousers.A.aB.twoC.apairofD.pair()15.I'vethrownmyoldshoesaway.I'llhavetobuy_______.A.anewpairB.anewoneC.somenewD.somenewpair()16.Myuncletoldmehewasgoingtovisit_______.A.theUnitedStateB.theUnitedStatesC.UnitedStatesD.UnitedStates()17.Theyfailedsi*times,buttheyhavedecidedtotry_______.A.seventimesB.theseventimeC.theseventhtimeD.seventhtime()18.Whoarethoseboys"Oneismybrotherand_______.A.thebigboyisMikeB.abigboyisMikeC.thebigboyisaPeterD.abigboyisaPeter()19.Youwillfind_______girlinblack.Sheis_______teacher.A.a,theB.the,aC.a,aD.the,the()20._______birdscanflyeveryhighin_______sky.A.The,theB.The,aC.An,theD.A,the()21.I'mnotlookingat_______.A.sunB.skyC.thesunD.somesky()22.Thelittleboywishestobe_______.A.LeiFengB.theLeiFengC.thisLeiFengD.aLeiFeng()23._______havestudiedEnglishinourschool.A.MostofstudentsB.ThemoststudentsC.MostofthestudentsD.Moststudent()24.Tom'sbrotherhitBobon_______nose.A.hisB.theC.itsD.a()25.Wearegoingtohaveane*am_______.A.intheclassB.inaclassC.attheclassD.inclass()26.Wehavehad_______.A.gooddinnerB.agooddinnerC.thegooddinnerD.gooddinners()27._______fineweatherwehavetoday!Let'sgoswimming.A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa()28.There's_______appletreebehind_______house.A.an,theB.a,aC.an,aD.the,the()29.Wecanseethesunin_______daytime,butwecan'tseeitat_______night.A.a,theB.the,/C.a,/D.an,/()30.Isaw_______oldmanwalkingacrossthestreetand_______oldmanlookedworried.A.an,anB.the,theC.an,theD.the,an()31.What_______itis!A.aheavyrainB.heavyrainC.aheavyrainsD.heavyrains()32._______timewehadattheparty!A.WhatwonderfulB.WhatawonderfulC.HowwonderfulD.Howawonderful()33._______tallestbuildinginthetownis_______BankofChina.A.The,theB.A,aC.The,aD.A,the()34.LittleTomlookedatthebigshark_______.A.inthesurpriseB.insurprisedC.insurpriseD.atasurprise()35._______morecarefullyyouride,_______fewerfallsyou'llget.A.The,theB.A,theC.The,aD.A,a()36.Hehasmade_______decisionthathewillbe_______inventorsometime.A.a,theB.a,anC.the,anD.the,the()37.----Wehaven'tseenfor_______longtime.Wherehaveyoubeen"----Ihavebeenfor_______holidaywithmyparents.–---Have_______nicetime!-----Thankyou.A.a,the,aB.the,a,aC.a,a,aD.a,the,the()38.----E*cuseme,canyoutellmewayto_______*inhuaBookstore"----Goalongthisroad,andthenturnto_______rightat_______firstcrossing,at_______endofthestreet,youcanfindit.A.the,a,the,the,theB.a,the,the,a,theC.the,the,the,a,theD.the,the,the,the,the()39.Whynottake_______friendwithyou"That's_______goodidea.A.a,theB.the,theC.a,aD.the,a()40.Takethemedicinethreetimes_______day.A.aB.theC.anD./()41.Englishis_______language.Itis_______importanttool.A.a,aB.a,anC.the,anD.a,/()42.Meimeihas_______highfeverandhismotherislookingafterher.A.aB.theC.anD./()43.Lucytakes_______walkaftersuppereveryday.A.theB.aC./D.an()44.Paperismadeof_______wood.A.aB.theC./D.that()45._______Februaryisthesecondmonthoftheyear.A.TheB.AC./D.an()46.Wehavenoclasseson_______Sundays.A.theB.aC.anD./()47.Istudied_______Englishin_______England.A./,/B.an,theC.an,anD./,the()48.Wegotoschoolby_______bus.A./B.aC.theD.an()49.Theseboysplay_______footballafterclass.A.aB.theC.anD./()50.Thereis_______bridgeovertheriver._______bridgeismadeofstone.A.a,aB.a,theC.the,theD.the,a()51.Sundayis_______firstdayoftheweek.A.theB./C.aD.an()52._______Greenswerehavingbreakfastatseventhismorning.A.AB.AnC./D.The()53.Sheisoneof_______mostpopularteachersinthisschool.Everystudentlovesher.A.aB.theC.anD./()54.Thereis_______800-metre-longbridgeovertheriver.A.aB.anC.theD./()55._______numberofthestudentsareplaying_______basketballontheplayground.A.A,aB.The,theC.The,aD.A,/()56.Theyoftentakeawalkin_______BeiHaiPark.A.theB.aC./D.this()57.Theoldmanwasillin_______hospital.A.theB./C.aD.an()58.Thereisno_______bookonthedesk.A.theB.aC.anD./()59.Beijingis_______capitalof_______people'sRepublicof_______China.A.a,the,theB.the,the,/C.the,the,theD.the,a,the()60.Hestarted_______schoolwhenhewasseven.A.theB.aC.anD./()61.Hehas_______greatdealofinterestin_______English.A.a,anB.the,theC.a,/D.a,the()62.Heis_______cleverestboyinourschool.A.aB.anC.theD./()63.Sheoftenspendsmuch_______timereading.A.aB.anC.theD./()64.Boyslikestogo_______boating.A.aB.anC./D.the二、用適當(dāng)冠詞填空1.ThomasEdisonwasoneof_______greatestinventorsinworld.2.Manis_______onlyanimalthatcantalk.3.Isthishouse_______olderofthetwo"4._______earthmovesaround_______sun.5.Ilivein_______no