高中英語必修三名詞性從句綜合詳細講解與練習

高中英語必修三名詞性從句綜合詳細講解與練習在復(fù)合句中起名名詞詞作性從用句知的識從點句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句是中學階段的一個重要語法項目在歷年的高考中幾乎都涉及到，并且每年的命題各有變化。分析歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點主要有以下六個方面考查名詞性從句的語序問題2.考查引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法4.考查whether與if的區(qū)別5.考查名詞性從句中的疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與nomatter+疑問詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的區(qū)別6.考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題語法要點剖析一、名詞性從句主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當于一個名詞。因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：連接詞：that,whether,if（不充當從句的任何成分）連接代詞：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.連接副詞：when,where,how,why1.主語從句作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how,when,where,why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當從句的成分。例如：Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：（1）It+be+名詞+that從句（2）It+be+形容詞+that從句（3）It+be+動詞的過去分詞+that從句（4）It+不及物動詞+that從句另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that??Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that?賓語從句名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中不擔任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去,但如從句是并列句時，第二個分句前的that不可省。例如：HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我們決不能認為自己什么都好,別人什么都不好。注意.在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,demand,request,command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“(should)+動詞原形”例如：Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我堅持要她自己工作。Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令員命令部隊馬上出發(fā)。用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。例如：Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告訴了你什么。Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要幫助的人,她都會給予熱情的支持。用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if在作“是否”的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時；b?引導(dǎo)表語從句時；c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時；d.從句后有“ornot”時；e.后接動詞不定式時。例如：Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當主句動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用不同時態(tài)。例如：hestudiesEnglisheveryday.（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時）hestudiedEnglishlastterm.（從句用一般過去時）Iknow（that）hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.（從句用一般將來時）hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時）當主句動詞是過去時態(tài)（could,would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時等；當從句表示的是客觀真理，科學原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如：TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica.5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：Wedon，tthinkyouarehere.我們認為你不在這。Idon，tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不會這樣/r.z.做。表語從句在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用asif引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+系動詞+that從句。例如：Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.事實是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。Thatiswhyhedidntcometothemeeting.那就是他為什么不到會的原因。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。需要注意的，當主語是reason時，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如：Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning同位語從句同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動。Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么時候回來。ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能瑪麗生病了。同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略；that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當句子成分，一般不能省略。試比較下面兩個例句：Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere,（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）Haveyougottheidea（that）thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece?（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）名詞性從句專項練習100題Hissuccesswasbecauseofhehadbeenworkinghard.A.thatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact“IsMaryfromNewYorkCity”“Idon'tknowA.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefromB.fromwhatcityshecomeC.whatcitydoesshecomefromD.whatcityshecomesfrommakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.WhateverThereasonwhyIdidn'tgotoShanghaiwasanewjob.A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgettingC.IgotD.thatIgotItworriedherabitherhairwasturninggrey.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.whileB?thatC.ifD.forHenrykilledthedog.I'llaskhimwhyA.didhedothatB.hedidthatC.hedidD.hehasdonesoHaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow.A.howheisgettingalongB.howishegettingalongC.whatheisgettingalongD.whatishegettingalongItisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wheneverHeaskedmewithme.A.whatisthetroubleB.whatwrongwasC.whatwasthematterD.whattroubleitisIamsurehesaidistrue.A.thatB?aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhatWhenandwhyhecamehereyet.A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbeeIwonderhowmuch.A.doesthewatchcostB.didthewatchcostC.thewatchcostedD.thewatchcostsMaryissomeonemightrecognizeher.

A.afraidofB.afraidaboutC.A.afraidofB.afraidaboutC.afraidthatD.afraidforisnoreasonfordismissingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateBeingafewminuteslateTheycametotheconclusionbyacomputer.A.thatnotallthingscanbedoneB.becauseofnotallthingsbedoneC.beingnotallthingscanbedoneD.becausenotallthingscanbedoneWhytheexplosionoccurredwasthelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.thatIdon'tdoubthe'llcome.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.whether—“Whydidyougotothewrongclass,Mr.Wang”—“Well,IforgetIwassupposedtogoto.”A.whichtheroomB.whichroomC.whatwastheroomD.whatroomwasitOutputisnowsixtimesitwasbeforeliberation.A.thatB?whichD.ofwhichC.what20.Mary:Helenisamerewasherwoman,yetshe'snowbuyingabighouse.Carol:Yes.Becauseshe'salwayssaved■A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearnsC.forlittlesheearnssheearnsD.withlittlesurprisedmemostwassuchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That???whatB?What.?.thatC.That???whichD.What.whichWegavehimhelpwecould.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.thisSheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimandyouhavetoldhim.A.thatB?whichC.allwhatD.allthatExcusemewouldyoupleasetellmeA.whenthesportsmeetistakenplaceB.whenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheldC.whenisthesportsmeettobeginD.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplaceDoyouhappentoknowA.whatsizeshoeshewearsB.howbigshoeshewearsC.whatisthesizeofhisshoesD.whatnumbershoesarehis26.Thisbookwillshowyoucanbeusedinothercontexts.A.howyouhaveobservedB.howwhatyouhaveobservedC.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobservedWheredoyouthinkA.hashegoneB.hashebeenC.he'sgoneD.washeDoyouknowhowmanypopuMonsthereareintheworldhowmuchpopulationthereisintheworldhowmanythepopulationoftheworldiswhatthepopulationoftheworldisWouldyougoandseeoutsideA.whattotakeplaceB.whatTomhashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatthematterhadbeenThesubjectof"WhatisinterestingisthatITOC\o"1-5"\h\zdonotevenknowhim."is.A.whatB.interestingC.WhatisinterestingD.IIthinkheisCharles.A.WhodoyouthinkheisB.DoyouthinkwhoheisC.WhomdoyouthinkheisD.DoyouthinkwhoheisHedidn'tknowwhichroom.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheyliveinThelittleboyatehismothergavehim.A.thatB?whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhatThecityisnolonger.A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitusedtobeMyparentsusedtheyhadtogetanewcarforme.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.allwhatwegoswimmingeverydayusalotofgood.A.If???doB.That???doC?If???doesD.That.?.doeswastheideathewifethoughtofA.What.thatB.That.whatC.How.?.whyD.Why???howdidhetellhiswifehewishedtodoA?That.??whatB?What.?.thatC.Where.?.whichD?Which.whereOneofthemenheldtheviewthebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatwhichD.whichthatIhavenoideaornothehasfinishedthework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which—“Doyouknow”—“Hisfatherisadoctor?”A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfatherC.whathisfatherisD.whohisfatherisIsthiswemeteachothertwoyearsagoA.placeB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhichItBobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthatWeallknowthetruththereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.A.whereB?whereverC.thatD.thatwhereverTheydiscussedtheycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothers'help.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whetherSheasked.A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeupB.whatwasIdoingwhensherangmeupC.whensherangmeupwhatIwasdoingD.whendidsheringmeupwhatIwasdoing—MayIborrowthering—Youcantakeyoulike.A.nomatterwhatB.whichC.whicheverD.thatHesaidthathewasfondof.

A.whatbeautifulisB.whatisA.whatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautifulC.beautifuliswhatD.whatitisbeautifulHeinsistedthatheingoodhealthandtoworkthere.A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,sendDoyouknowheexpectswillgiveusatalkA.whoB?whomC.thatD.whoseIt'suncertaintheexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.howTheywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterdayitwasaholiday.A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.butforistodogoodallone'slifeandneverdoanythingbad.

A.WhicheverishardB.NoA.WhicheverishardB.NomatterwhatishardC.WhatishardD.Allwhatishardtheboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB?WhatC.HowD.WhichAsthedaywasfine,Imadethesuggestionforawalkinthepark.A.wegoB.wewillgoC.shouldwegoD.thatwegowecan'tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,whatyoudon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.WhetherYoucan'timaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcitedwe'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.fB.WhetherC.ThatD.Wherehereallymeansishedisagreeswithus.A.What…thatB?That…whatC.Why…thatD?If…whatisgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Whowe'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.Thatthehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.Whathewon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.Thisyoucomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB?fC.WhyD.Whethermakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybodyteamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.HowThreedayslater,wordcameourcountryhadsentupanotherman-madesatellite.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereTheproblemiswillgotothemeeting.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who70.Itlooksitweregoingtorain.A.evenifB?asifC.eventhoughD.likeThatishelikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.howThatisLuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.whyWethoughtstrangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.A.thatB.itC.thisD.what74?Thefactshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.howWhatI'mconsideringnowthemoneyweneed.A.isB.areC.wereD.wasCanyoutellmeA.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentlemanleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who78.Itiswellknownapersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.A.thatwhat,when,andhowB.thatC.whatD.howTheenergyismakesthecellsabletodotheirwork.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.suchJackwassoontoldhedidwasnotnecessary.A.whyB.thatC.howD.whywhatWeshouldthinkcarefullyaboutMr.Needhamsaidatthemeeting.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.XCanyoupointouttworadiosarethebestA.whichB?whatC.thatD.whetherYouwilleasilyknowvideorecorders（錄相機）arethesame.A.whatthoseB.thatofthoseC.thatallofD.whichofthoseyouhaveseenthingslikethesebeforedoesn'tmatter.A.IfB.WhetherC.WhatD.WhenIaskedherinEnglishshewas,andshetoldmeshewasanactress.A.who???thatB?who???XC.what???XD.how???thatShetookitforgrantedI'dbebackhomeanhourago.

A.thatD.whenB.whetherA.thatD.whenB.whetherC.ifWethinkitpossiblethelocalgovernmentwillbeabletosolvethehousingproblem.A.forB.thatC.whenD.howNowthereisadangerthegroundmayfallin（沉下）undertheheavytraffic.A.whetherB.ifC.XD.thatAtthattimeIhadnoideaIcouldhandittohimwithoutbeingseen.A.ifB.howC.whichD.thathowLastSundayhepromisedtoday,buthehasn'tappearedyet.A.thathewouldcomeB.thathewillcomeC.hewillcometoseemeD.whetherhewouldcomeLastSundayhemadeapromisehewasfreehewouldtakemetoQingdao.A.ifB.thatC.thatifD.whetherDoyouhaveanyideaA.whenMissSmithwillarriveB.whenwillMissSmitharriveC.howwillMissSmitharriveD.whyhasn'tMissSmitharrivedIhavealmostforgotten.A.howMr.Taylor'slikeB.whatMr.Taylor'sfaceislikeC.whatMr.Taylor'sfaceisD.whichMr.Taylor'sfaceislikeThetruevalueoflifeisnotin,but■A.howyouget???thatyougiveB.whichyougotwhatyougiveC?whatyouget…whatyougiveD.whatdoyouget…whatdoyougiveDoyouknowA.whatisthisusedforB.whatthisisusedfor

C.whichthisisusedD.thatthisisC.whichthisisusedD.thatthisisusedforsurprisedmemostwas.A?That.?.thatshespokeJapanesesowellB.What.?.howcouldshespeakJapanesesowellC?What,.thatshespokeJapanesesowellD?That???whyshecouldspeakJapanesesowellistodance.A.ThatinterestsMaryreallyB.WhichreallyinterestsMary.C.WhatreallyinterestsMaryD.WhatreallyinterestMaryWeweregreatlyamusedby.A.whatyouhavetoldusB.whichyouhadtoldusC.whatyoutoldusD.thatyoutoldus99.Thesecomputersare■differentfromA.thatweexpectedB.whatweexpectedC.whichwehaveexpectedD.whatweexpect100.TomlikedtoeatwasdifferentTOC\o"1-5"\h\zfrom.A?That.?.thatyouhadexpectedB.What??.thatyouhadexpectedC?That???whatyo