英語寫作手冊課件

英語基礎寫作

EnglishWriting

WuHaiping(武海平)1英語基礎寫作EnglishWritinAgametostartwith...

2Agametostartwith...

2Agametostartwith

Titanicisgoingtosink...Thereare8passengers.However,thereareonly7seatsinthelifeboat.3Agametostartwith

TitanicThepassengers:1acleaner2adoctor3afarmer4asinger5ateacher6apregnantwoman7apolicewoman8acollegestudent4Thepassengers:1acleaner455Part1ManuscriptForm文稿格式Whatisagoodmanuscriptform?writingthetitle寫標題leavingmargins紙邊留空indenting段落開端縮進capitalizing大寫dividingwords詞的移行6Part1ManuscriptForm文稿格

1Arrangement安排Abouttitles關于題目1)writethetitleinthemiddleofthefirstline.題目應寫在第一行的中間7

1Arrangement安排7Abouttitles關于題目2）capitalizethefirstandlastwordsofthetitleandallotherwords.題目的第一個和最后一個詞應用大寫字母開始。3)(includingwordsfollowinghypensincompoundwords包括復合詞中在連字符后面的詞)8Abouttitles關于題目8Abouttitles關于題目4）exceptarticles,coornidatingconjunctions,shortprepositions,andthetoininfinitives.但冠詞、并列連詞、介詞和不定時的to除外5）Noperiodisusedattheendofatitle.題目后不加句號9Abouttitles關于題目9Abouttitles關于題目6）useaquestionmarkifthetitleisadirectquestion,butdonotuseoneifthetitleiaanindirctquestion如果題目是疑問句，應加問號：如果是間接引語形式的疑問句，則不加問號10Abouttitles關于題目10Abouttitles關于題目7）usequotationmarkswithquotesortitlesofarticles題目中的引用詞語或文章的標題，應加引號。8)underline/italicizenamesofbooks.書名應用斜體或在下面劃線

11Abouttitles關于題目11Indentthefirstlineofeveryparagraph,leavingaspaceofabout4or5letters.每段的開頭應縮進，即留出4到5個字母的空白。Part1ManuscriptForm文稿格式

12IndentthefirstlineofeveryPart1ManuscriptForm

文稿格式1Arrangement安排2Capitalization大寫3WordDivision移行4Punctuation標點

5Handwriting書法13Part1ManuscriptForm

雞肉炒面

Chickenchowmein

視頻\中餐速成.Chinese.Food.Made.Easy雞肉炒面.mp414雞肉炒面

Chickenchowmei1515利伯緹大學公開課：英文寫作

AmericanLibertyUniversity

16利伯緹大學公開課：英文寫作

AmericanLibertPart2TheSentenceⅠ.CompleteSentencesandSentencesFragments完整句和不完全句17Part2TheSentenceⅠ.Completsubject主語predicateverb謂語動詞transitiveverb及物動詞object賓語link-verb系動詞predicative表語complement補語18subject主語18attributes定語adverbials狀語19attributes定語19逗號錯

commafaultTheuseofacommainplaceofaperiod,asemicolon,acolon,oradashinEnglishwritingiscalledthecommafault.中文里可以用逗號將兩個完整的句子分開，英文則不可以。英文里需要用句號，分號、冒號、破折號分開兩個句子，否則就叫“逗號錯”20逗號錯commafaultTheuseofaP35Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

句子類型

(use)1.Declarative,interrogative,imperative,andexclamatorysentences陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句21P35Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

1.declarativesentence陳述句Sheismyfiance.221.declarativesentence陳述句222.interrogative疑問句Whoisyourfavouriteauthor?232.interrogative疑問句233.imperativesentence祈使句Don'ttouchme.243.imperativesentence祈使句244.exclamatorysentence感嘆句Howwellyoulook!Whatamess!254.exclamatorysentence感嘆句25P35Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

句子類型

(structure)2.simple,compound,complex,orcompound-complexsentences簡單句、并列句、復合句或并列復合句26P35Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

simplesentence簡單句Ithasonesubjectandonepredicateverb.Toseeistobelieve.27simplesentence簡單句27compoundsentence并列句Itconsistsof2ormoresimplesentencesandlinkedbyand,but,or,etc.Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.28compoundsentence并列句28complexsentence復合句Itcontainsonemain(principle)clauseandoneormoredependent(subordinate)clause.29complexsentence復合句29Whoevercomesiswelcome.Thequestionishowhedidit.IbelievethatIcanfly.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Youareabletogowhereveryoulike.30Whoevercomesiswelcome.30compound-complexsentence并列復合句31compound-complexsentenceADaytoRemember32ADaytoRemember323.loose,periodic,andbalancedsentences松散句、圓周句（掉尾句）或對偶句P37Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

句子類型

(rhetorical修辭的pointofview)333.loose,periodic,andbalan松散句Aloosesentenceputsthemainideafirst,andletsthereaderknowwhatitismainlyaboutwhenhehasreadthefirstfewwords.34松散句Aloosesentenceputsthem圓周句Inaperiodicsentence,themainideaisexpressedatorneartheendofit.35圓周句Inaperiodicsentence,the對偶句Whenasentencecontainstwoparallelclausessimilarinstructurebutcontrastedinmeaning,itisabalancedsentence.36對偶句WhenasentencecontainstLoosesentencesareeasier,simpler,morenaturalanddirect.37Loosesentencesareeasier,siPeriodicsentencesaremorecomplex,formalandliterary.38PeriodicsentencesaremorecoBalancedsentencesareimpressive.Theyaremainlyusedinformalwriting,likeexpository說明的andargumentative議論的proseandspeeches.39Balancedsentencesareimpress4040MyNationalDay41MyNationalDay41P41

Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句1.Unity統(tǒng)一性2.Coherence連貫性3.Conciseness簡潔性4.Emphasis強調性5.Variety多樣性42P41Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences42P41

1.Unity統(tǒng)一性Aunifiedsentenceexpressesasinglecompletethought.Itdoesnotcontainideasthatarenotcloselyrelated,nordoesitexpressathoughtthatisnotcompletebyitself.43P411.Unity統(tǒng)一性43Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句1.Unity統(tǒng)一性2.Coherence連貫性3.Conciseness簡潔性4.Emphasis強調性5.Variety多樣性44Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句442.Coherence連貫性Coherencemeansclearandreasonableconnectionbetweenparts.452.Coherence連貫性CoherencemeanP422.Coherence連貫性1)faultyparallelconstructions平行結構使用有誤2)pronounswithambiguousreference代詞指代不明46P422.Coherence連貫性1)fault3)dangling(mispalced)modifiers垂懸修飾語（使用不當?shù)男揎椪Z）4)confusingshiftsinpersonandnumberorinvoice,tenseandmood.人稱、數(shù)、語氣和語態(tài)上的變動混亂473)dangling(mispalced)modifieⅢ.EffectiveSentences有效句1.Unity統(tǒng)一性2.Coherence連貫性3.Conciseness簡潔性4.Emphasis強調性5.Variety多樣性48Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句48

P46

3.Conciseness簡潔性

Asentenceshouldcontainnounnecessarywords.Iftheideaisfullyexpressed,thefewerwordsareused,thebetter.Wordinessonlyobscurestheidea.49P463.Conciseness簡潔性

AseⅢ.EffectiveSentences有效句1.Unity統(tǒng)一性2.Coherence連貫性3.Conciseness簡潔性4.Emphasis強調性5.Variety多樣性50Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句50P49

4.Emphasis強調性Whenthereisanimportantidea,itshouldbeexpressedwithemphasis.51P494.Emphasis強調性Wh(1)Emphaticsentences整句強調1.shortsentences短句2.sentencefragments不完整句3.invertedsentences倒裝句4.parallelconstructionsandbalancedsentences平行結構和對稱句5.periodicsentences

圓周句52(1)Emphaticsentences整句強調1.6.imperativeandexclamatorysentences祈使句和感嘆句7.Rhetoricalquestions修辭問句或反問句8.negative-positivesentences否定肯定句9.Sentenceswithrepeatedwordsorphrases有重復詞或短語的句子536.imperativeandexclamatory(2)Emphasiswithinthesentence句內強調1placing位置2repetition重復3theverbandactivevoice動詞和主動語態(tài)4subordination從屬5emphaticwordsandphrases表示強調的詞或短語6alliteration頭韻54(2)Emphasiswithinthesenten5555

P63PartFour:TheParagraph段落Aparagraphislikeamini-essay;itshouldbeunified,coherentandwelldeveloped.56P63PartFour:TheParagraphⅠ.EffectiveParagraphs有效段落

1.unity統(tǒng)一性Ifallthesentencesinaparagraphleadtoonecentraltheme,theparagraphisunified.Thecentralthemeisusuallysummarizedinwhatiscalledthetopicsentence.57Ⅰ.EffectiveParagraphs有效段落

1P6258P6258P63

59P63

5960606161626263636464P65Ⅰ.EffectiveParagraphs有效段落

2.Coherence連貫性65P65Ⅰ.EffectiveParagraphs有6666WaysofDevelopingParagraphs

段落的展開法1.Developmentbytime按時間展開67WaysofDevelopingParagraphs

2.Developmentbyprocess按過程展開682.Developmentbyprocess683.Developmentbyspace

按空間展開693.Developmentbyspace694.DevelopmentbyExampleorGeneralization

用舉例和歸納方式展開704.DevelopmentbyExampleorG5.DevelopmentbyComparisonandContrast用類比和對比方式展開715.DevelopmentbyComparisona6.DevelopmentbyCauseandEffect

用原因和結果方式展開726.DevelopmentbyCauseandEf7.DevelopmentbyClassification用分類方式展開737.DevelopmentbyClassificati8.DevelopmentbyDefination用定義方式展開748.DevelopmentbyDefination747575英語句型作文模板引出話題

Recentlytheproblemof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus.最近......問題引起了關注。Nowadays...hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.現(xiàn)今,()已成為我們不得不面對的問題。76英語句型作文模板引出話題

Recentlythe英語句型作文模板

表達不同觀點

People'sviewson...varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat...However,othersbelievethat...人們對......的觀點因人而異，有些人認為......然而，其他人卻認為......77英語句型作文模板

表達不同觀點

People'svi英語句型作文模板表示結尾Inshort,itcanbesaidthat...總之，可以說......Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wenaturallycometotheconclusionthat...把所有這些因素考慮進去，我們可以得出結論......78英語句型作文模板表示結尾Inshort,it英語句型作文模板提出建議Itishightimethatweputanendto...

該是我們停止......的時候了。Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof...毫無疑問，對......問題應予以足夠重視。79英語句型作文模板提出建議Itishightim8080OnChineseFever

關于漢語熱1世界各地興起了漢語熱2漢語熱興起的原因3我的看法

81OnChineseFever

關于漢語熱1世界各8282

英語基礎寫作

EnglishWriting

WuHaiping(武海平)83英語基礎寫作EnglishWritinAgametostartwith...

84Agametostartwith...

2Agametostartwith

Titanicisgoingtosink...Thereare8passengers.However,thereareonly7seatsinthelifeboat.85Agametostartwith

TitanicThepassengers:1acleaner2adoctor3afarmer4asinger5ateacher6apregnantwoman7apolicewoman8acollegestudent86Thepassengers:1acleaner4875Part1ManuscriptForm文稿格式Whatisagoodmanuscriptform?writingthetitle寫標題leavingmargins紙邊留空indenting段落開端縮進capitalizing大寫dividingwords詞的移行88Part1ManuscriptForm文稿格

1Arrangement安排Abouttitles關于題目1)writethetitleinthemiddleofthefirstline.題目應寫在第一行的中間89

1Arrangement安排7Abouttitles關于題目2）capitalizethefirstandlastwordsofthetitleandallotherwords.題目的第一個和最后一個詞應用大寫字母開始。3)(includingwordsfollowinghypensincompoundwords包括復合詞中在連字符后面的詞)90Abouttitles關于題目8Abouttitles關于題目4）exceptarticles,coornidatingconjunctions,shortprepositions,andthetoininfinitives.但冠詞、并列連詞、介詞和不定時的to除外5）Noperiodisusedattheendofatitle.題目后不加句號91Abouttitles關于題目9Abouttitles關于題目6）useaquestionmarkifthetitleisadirectquestion,butdonotuseoneifthetitleiaanindirctquestion如果題目是疑問句，應加問號：如果是間接引語形式的疑問句，則不加問號92Abouttitles關于題目10Abouttitles關于題目7）usequotationmarkswithquotesortitlesofarticles題目中的引用詞語或文章的標題，應加引號。8)underline/italicizenamesofbooks.書名應用斜體或在下面劃線

93Abouttitles關于題目11Indentthefirstlineofeveryparagraph,leavingaspaceofabout4or5letters.每段的開頭應縮進，即留出4到5個字母的空白。Part1ManuscriptForm文稿格式

94IndentthefirstlineofeveryPart1ManuscriptForm

文稿格式1Arrangement安排2Capitalization大寫3WordDivision移行4Punctuation標點

5Handwriting書法95Part1ManuscriptForm

雞肉炒面

Chickenchowmein

視頻\中餐速成.Chinese.Food.Made.Easy雞肉炒面.mp496雞肉炒面

Chickenchowmei9715利伯緹大學公開課：英文寫作

AmericanLibertyUniversity

98利伯緹大學公開課：英文寫作

AmericanLibertPart2TheSentenceⅠ.CompleteSentencesandSentencesFragments完整句和不完全句99Part2TheSentenceⅠ.Completsubject主語predicateverb謂語動詞transitiveverb及物動詞object賓語link-verb系動詞predicative表語complement補語100subject主語18attributes定語adverbials狀語101attributes定語19逗號錯

commafaultTheuseofacommainplaceofaperiod,asemicolon,acolon,oradashinEnglishwritingiscalledthecommafault.中文里可以用逗號將兩個完整的句子分開，英文則不可以。英文里需要用句號，分號、冒號、破折號分開兩個句子，否則就叫“逗號錯”102逗號錯commafaultTheuseofaP35Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

句子類型

(use)1.Declarative,interrogative,imperative,andexclamatorysentences陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句103P35Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

1.declarativesentence陳述句Sheismyfiance.1041.declarativesentence陳述句222.interrogative疑問句Whoisyourfavouriteauthor?1052.interrogative疑問句233.imperativesentence祈使句Don'ttouchme.1063.imperativesentence祈使句244.exclamatorysentence感嘆句Howwellyoulook!Whatamess!1074.exclamatorysentence感嘆句25P35Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

句子類型

(structure)2.simple,compound,complex,orcompound-complexsentences簡單句、并列句、復合句或并列復合句108P35Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

simplesentence簡單句Ithasonesubjectandonepredicateverb.Toseeistobelieve.109simplesentence簡單句27compoundsentence并列句Itconsistsof2ormoresimplesentencesandlinkedbyand,but,or,etc.Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.110compoundsentence并列句28complexsentence復合句Itcontainsonemain(principle)clauseandoneormoredependent(subordinate)clause.111complexsentence復合句29Whoevercomesiswelcome.Thequestionishowhedidit.IbelievethatIcanfly.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Youareabletogowhereveryoulike.112Whoevercomesiswelcome.30compound-complexsentence并列復合句113compound-complexsentenceADaytoRemember114ADaytoRemember323.loose,periodic,andbalancedsentences松散句、圓周句（掉尾句）或對偶句P37Ⅱ.TypeofSentences

句子類型

(rhetorical修辭的pointofview)1153.loose,periodic,andbalan松散句Aloosesentenceputsthemainideafirst,andletsthereaderknowwhatitismainlyaboutwhenhehasreadthefirstfewwords.116松散句Aloosesentenceputsthem圓周句Inaperiodicsentence,themainideaisexpressedatorneartheendofit.117圓周句Inaperiodicsentence,the對偶句Whenasentencecontainstwoparallelclausessimilarinstructurebutcontrastedinmeaning,itisabalancedsentence.118對偶句WhenasentencecontainstLoosesentencesareeasier,simpler,morenaturalanddirect.119Loosesentencesareeasier,siPeriodicsentencesaremorecomplex,formalandliterary.120PeriodicsentencesaremorecoBalancedsentencesareimpressive.Theyaremainlyusedinformalwriting,likeexpository說明的andargumentative議論的proseandspeeches.121Balancedsentencesareimpress12240MyNationalDay123MyNationalDay41P41

Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句1.Unity統(tǒng)一性2.Coherence連貫性3.Conciseness簡潔性4.Emphasis強調性5.Variety多樣性124P41Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences42P41

1.Unity統(tǒng)一性Aunifiedsentenceexpressesasinglecompletethought.Itdoesnotcontainideasthatarenotcloselyrelated,nordoesitexpressathoughtthatisnotcompletebyitself.125P411.Unity統(tǒng)一性43Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句1.Unity統(tǒng)一性2.Coherence連貫性3.Conciseness簡潔性4.Emphasis強調性5.Variety多樣性126Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句442.Coherence連貫性Coherencemeansclearandreasonableconnectionbetweenparts.1272.Coherence連貫性CoherencemeanP422.Coherence連貫性1)faultyparallelconstructions平行結構使用有誤2)pronounswithambiguousreference代詞指代不明128P422.Coherence連貫性1)fault3)dangling(mispalced)modifiers垂懸修飾語（使用不當?shù)男揎椪Z）4)confusingshiftsinpersonandnumberorinvoice,tenseandmood.人稱、數(shù)、語氣和語態(tài)上的變動混亂1293)dangling(mispalced)modifieⅢ.EffectiveSentences有效句1.Unity統(tǒng)一性2.Coherence連貫性3.Conciseness簡潔性4.Emphasis強調性5.Variety多樣性130Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句48

P46

3.Conciseness簡潔性

Asentenceshouldcontainnounnecessarywords.Iftheideaisfullyexpressed,thefewerwordsareused,thebetter.Wordinessonlyobscurestheidea.131P463.Conciseness簡潔性

AseⅢ.EffectiveSentences有效句1.Unity統(tǒng)一性2.Coherence連貫性3.Conciseness簡潔性4.Emphasis強調性5.Variety多樣性132Ⅲ.EffectiveSentences有效句50P49

4.Emphasis強調性Whenthereisanimportantidea,itshouldbeexpressedwithemphasis.133P494.Emphasis強調性Wh(1)Emphaticsentences整句強調1.shortsentences短句2.sentencefragments不完整句3.invertedsentences倒裝句4.parallelconstructionsandbalancedsentences平行結構和對稱句5.periodicsentences

圓周句134(1)Emphaticsentences整句強調1.6.imperativeandexclamatorysentences祈使句和感嘆句7.Rhetoricalquestions修辭問句或反問句8.negative-positivesentences否定肯定句9.Sentenceswithrepeatedwordsorphrases有重復詞或短語的句子1356.imperativeandexclamatory(2)Emphasiswithinthesentence句內強調1placing位置2repetition重復3theverbandactivevoice動詞和主動語態(tài)4subordination從屬5emphaticwordsandphrases表示強調的詞或短語6alliteration頭韻136(2)Emphasiswithinthesenten13755

P63PartFour:TheParagraph段落Aparagraphislikeamini-essay;itshouldbeunified,coherentandwelldeveloped.138P63PartFour:TheParagraphⅠ.EffectiveParagraphs有效段落

1.unity統(tǒng)一性Ifallthesentencesinaparagraphleadtoonecentraltheme,theparagraphisunified.Thecentralthemeisusuall