河北省張家口市宣化區(qū)2021-2022學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期初考試試題

歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對(duì)您有所幫助！河北省張家口市宣化區(qū)2021-2022學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期初考試試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）A"MyBestTeacherEver"ContestEssay（文章）Topic

Whowas/isyourbestteacherever？Whatmakeshimorherthebest？

Contestant

Thecontestisopentoallstudents.

Word：notmorethan300

Essayswillbejudgedonthefollowingcriteria（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）byReaderseditorialstaff（工作人員）：

?originally,creativity-40percent

?clarityofpresentation-40percent

?grammar,punctuation,spelling-20percent

ContestDeadline（最后期限）

EntriesmustbepostmarkedonorbeforeSeptember26，2020，ormailedbyESTonthatdate.Emailyourentrywithattachedessayandentryinformationtoweb-contest@ormailyourentrywithattachedentryformtothisaddress：

ReadersPublishingMyBestTeacherEverContest

Attn：AnneFlounders44SouthBroadway,18thFloorWhitePlains,NY10601

Prizes

Winningstudentswillwina＄50giftcardandmayhavetheiressayspublishedon.WinningessayswillbeannouncedonNovember7，2020，onreaders,com,andwinnerswillbetolddirectly.EssayswillbejudgedonthefollowingcriteriaEXCEPT______.A.punctuation B.creativity C.presentation D.handwritingAccordingtothetext,youressay______.A.shouldhaveatotalof300wordsatleast

B.can'thaveanymistakesingrammar

C.mustbemailedonorbeforeSeptember26，2020

D.willbejudgedbysomebestteachersIfyoubecomeawinner,you______.A.willbegiven＄50incash

B.mayhaveyouressaypublishedonline

C.willbetoldofyoursuccessonline

D.canhavetheReadersmagazineforfreeBHaveyoueverwonderedwhatwildanimalsdowhennooneiswatching？Lowcost,dependableandsmallmoderncamerasofferedabighelp.Camerasplacedinhard-to-reachplaceshaveshoteverythingfromsmalldesertcatstolargersnow-lowingcatsinthenorthernRockyMountains.Scientistshavebeenabletodocumentthe"private"momentsofwildlifewithleadingtechnology.

GrantHarrisisagovernmentbiologistwiththeUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceinAlbuquerque,NewMexico.Inhiswords,"there'snodoubtthatthesewildcamerasareimportanttoolstolearnnewinformationonwildlife."Harrissaidsomeimageshelpscientistsseetheeffectsofclimatechange.

ResearcherswiththeWyomingMigrationInitiative,orWMI，areamongthoseusingwildcamerasalongwithglobalpositioningsystems,orGPS.ButWMIdirectorMatthewKauffmansaysasthosedevicesarelimited,soistheamountofinformationtheycangatherfromGPS.However,camerascanbeleftinverywildareasfordays,weeksorevenmonths.Theycanprovideinformationonhowmanyanimalsaremovingoveragivenperiodoftime.

Puttingthosecamerasinplacerequirescarefulplanning.Wildvideocanshowdetailsaboutanimalbehavior.However,wildcamerashavetheirproblemstoo.Animalssuchaswolverinesandbearssometimesattackthem.Scientistsdonotknowiftheattacksaretheresultofangerorinterest.Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.

Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"document"inparagraph2mean？______A.Remind. B.Enrich. C.Appreciate. D.Record.Whichisadisadvantageofwildcameras？______A.Theycannotbeleftinthewildoveralongperiod.

B.Theycannotbeplacedinhard-to-reachareas.

C.Theyprovidelimitedinformation.

D.Theymightbestolenbypeople.Whydosomepeopleargueagainstusingwildcameras？______A.Itisdifficulttofixthecameras.

B.Ithelpshuntersfindanimalseasily.

C.Itishardtoachievecarefulplanning.

D.Itmakesanimalsinterestedinthecameras.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardswildcameras？______A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Uncertain. D.Uncaring.CAbicyclemaybeseenbymostpeopleasjustanothervehicle（交通工具），butformanyLondoners,cyclingisawayoflife.AccordingtoaUKgovernmentsurveyin2017，about570，000bikejourneysweremadeeverydayinLondon.Infact,almosthalfofthevehiclesthatpassoverLondonBridgeeachdayarebikes.

Londonintroducedapublicbike-sharingsystemin2010."Therecanbenodoubtthatourtrustybicycleshavechangedthatwaypeoplegetaroundourgreatcity,"JohnsontoldTheGuardian.

InLondon,bikesareusedformorethanjusttakingshorttripstoandfromthesubway.Nomatterwhereyouwanttogointhecity,ridingabikeisusuallythequickestandeasiestchoice.

Andit'snotjustsharedbikesthatthegovernmentisencouragingpeopletoride.InmanycompaniesacrosstheUK，theUKgovernment'sCycletoWorkscheme（計(jì)劃）allowsworkerstobuyabrandnewbikewithouthavingtopayanytax（稅）.Thismeansthatit'scommontoseemanypeoplecyclingtoandfromwork,andsomecampanileevenprovideshowersandlockersintheworkplacesfortheirworkers.Moreimportantly,acycle-friendlybossmayletyouoffforbeinglateifyourideabiketowork.

Notonlyisitgreatfortheenvironmentandourbody,cyclingisalsogoodforthemind.AccordingtoNationalGeographic,"Bikeridingcanimprovepeople'shappiness."HowdoestheauthorshowthepopularityofcyclinginLondon？______A.Byusingnumbers. B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byusingfamoussayings.What'sJohnson'sattitudetowardsthebike-sharingsysteminLondon？______A.Disappointed. B.Concerned. C.Supportive. D.Uninterested.WhatcanworkersgetfromthegovernmentundertheCycletoWorkscheme？______A.Freebike-sharingservices.

B.Showersandlockersinworkplaces.

C.Shorterworkinghours.

D.Tax-freebikes.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage？______A.Cycling,ahealthywayoflife

B.HowcyclinghasbecomepopularinLondon

C.WhyLondonersareencouragedtoridebikes

D.London'spublicbike-sharingsystemDHaveyoueverthoughtaboutwhymalls,restaurants,andeventheatershavemusic？Well,tounderstandthis,yousimplyjustlookbackathowyoufeltwhenyouheardmusicintheseplaces.Musicisknowntoimprovethemoodofpeople.Oftenmusichelpsuspayattentiontowhatwearedoing.Musichelpspatientsfeelgoodandhelpsthemrecoverfasterandbetter.

Depression（沮喪）isastateofmindthatmostofusexperienceatsomepointoftime.Therearesomeperiodsinourlifewheneverythingseemsdifficult.Itseemsthateverythingisgettingworseandwehavenocontroloverourlife.Studieshaveshownthatmusiccanbeanimportantmoodlifterinsuchsituations.Musicalsoplaysagreatroleinmakingusfeellessnervousorworried.Anxietycanoftencauselossofsleepandotherillnesses.

Musicisoftenknownasaninternationallanguage.Wemaynotknowthelanguageanotherpersonisspeaking,butmostofusrespondtomusicinthesameway.Musiccanoftenbethebestwaytoconnectwithsomeone.

Musicisoneofthebestwaystoimproveyourmoods,butthiscandependlargelyonthekindofmusicyoulistento.Whilehappymusiccancertainlymakeyoufeelbetter,sadmusiccanfurtherloweryourspirits.Listeningtoclassicalmusiccanoftenmakeyoufeelalotmorepowerful,whilesoftmusiccanbetheperfectwaytorelaxattheendofalongway.Ifyouwanttousemusictochangethewayhowyouarefeeling,youneedtounderstandtheroleofit,learntorecognizethekindofmusicthatliftsyourmoodandhelpsyoufeelbetter.Onceyourealizethekindofmusicyoucanuse,youcanuseittochangethewayyoufeel.Therightkindofmusiccanbetheperfectwaytohelpusfeelhappier.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.whatmeaningsmusichas

B.howwecontrolourmoods

C.howmusicaffectsourmoods

D.whatkindofmusicwelistentoAccordingtothepassage,playingmusicinrestaurantsisto______.A.welcomethecustomers B.makecustomersfeelgood

C.makecustomersdance D.makecustomersfeeldepressedFromthepassage,wecanknowthat______.A.mostofussufferdepressionallthetime

B.mostofusrespondtomusicindifferentways

C.musiccanbeagoodwaytoconnectwithothers

D.anykindofmusicwillhelpusimproveourmoodsAccordingtothepassage,whichkindofmusiccanrelaxourselvesfromalongday'swork？______A.Softmusic. B.Classicalmusic.

C.Sadmusic. D.Rockmusic.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Ahealthylifestyleisonethatisfullofhealthychoicesandbehavior.Ithelpsyoukeepphysicalandmentalhealthandhelpsyoulivelonger.Generallyspeaking,thefactorsthatcontributetoahealthylifestylemayincludephysicalactivity,ahealthydiet,lowstressandhealthyhabits.(1).

(2).Ithelpstoreduceyourriskofdiseases,suchascancer,anddiabetes,andhelpsyoucontrolyourweight.Inchildren,physicalactivityalsobuildsconfidence.Aspartofahealthylifestyle,adultsshouldparticipateinmoderate（適度的）tointenseaerobicexercisesandmuscle-strengtheningactivitiesregularly.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommendsatleast150minutesofaerobicactivityperweek,suchaswalking,bicycling,playingtennis.swimmingoraerobics.

Eatingahealthydietcanhelpyoupreventdiseaseandkeepahealthyweight.Thismeanseatingarangeofwholefoodsfromthedifferentfoodgroups.Overall,ahealthydietishighinplant-basedfoodsandlowinsugaryandhighfatfoods.Meatcanbepartofahealthydietifitiseateninmoderation.(3).

Althoughstressisanaturalhumanreactiondesignedtokeepyououtofdanger,therearenegativehealthconsequencestodealingwithlongtermstress.(4).Inordertomanageyourstress,youneedtolearnwhatcausesitandhowyoucandealwithit.Waystodealwithunavoidablestressincludeexerciseandtalkingtofamilyorfriends.

Ahealthylifestyleincludeshealthyhabits.Thismeansprotectingyourskinfromthesun,gettingregularhealthcheck-upsandavoidingsubstanceabuse.Smokingandtobaccouseareunhealthybecausetheyincreaseyourriskofdiseasessuchascancerandheartdisease.(5).Itcandamageyourliver,causecancerandhurtlovedones.

A.Yourlifestyleshouldsupportahealthyweight,soremainactivedaily.

B.Thesefactorshelpreducetheriskofdiseasesandincreaseyourqualityoflife.

C.Foralongerandbetterlife,puttogetheryourplanforahealthylifestyle.

D.Eatingawidevarietyofhealthyfoodwillhelpcoveryournutritionalneeds.

E.Physicalactivityisakeypartofbecomingandstayinghealthy.

F.Drinkingtoomuchalcoholisalsoanunhealthyhabit.

G.Preventingandmanagingstressisimportantifyouwanttoliveahealthylifestyle.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Iremembersittinginanairportoneday,waitingformyflight.Iwas(21)becauseIhadafirst-class（頭等的）ticket.Andinfirstclass,theseatsare(22)andthefoodismoredelicious.Actually,Ihadthebestseatonthewholeplane!Seat1A.Beforeboarding,I(23)ayoungladywhohadabigsuitcaseandseveralcarry-onbagswasholdingacryingbaby.(24)，thehandleofhersuitcasebrokeandthesuitcasefelltothefloor.Shetried(25)thecaseandherbagslandedonthefloor,too.

"Letmehelp,"Isaidtoher.

I(26)hersuitcaseovermyleftshoulder,putherbagsonmyrightandasked,"Whereto？""Gate20，"shesaid,andshowedmeherticket.Seat24B.

"Oh,weareonthesameflight."

Boardingstarted,andI(27)thatsheneededthefirst-classticket."Itlookslikeyoucouldusethisfirst-classticketmorethanme.Iknowhow(28)itcanbeflyingwithakid.Whydon'twetradetickets？"

"Areyousure？"sheasked.

"Yes,justtakemyticketandgivemeyours.Ireallydon't(29).I'mjustgoingtobeworkingthewholetime,anyway."

"That'sverykindofyou,"shesaid,andexpressedher(30)aswetradedourtickets.

Thenweboardedtheplane.Iwassurprisedatthegood(31)itgavemewhilewatchinghersitdowninseatlA.Infact,seat24Bor(32)Iwassittingdidn'tseemthatbadatall.AtonepointduringtheflightIreallywantedtoseehowshewasdoing.SoI(33)，walkedtothefirst-classsection,andhadalook.Thereshewaswithherbaby,(34)asleep.Seeingtheyweresleepinginbigand(35)seatlA，Ifeltlikeamillionbucks.I'vegottokeepdoingthiskindofthing.

A.excited B.bored C.sad D.worried

A.smaller B.bigger C.dirtier D.shorter

A.asked B.learned C.noticed D.thought

A.Seriously B.Successfully C.Secretly D.Suddenly

A.finding B.lifting C.putting D.changing

A.knocked B.threw C.pulled D.hung

A.hoped B.regretted C.realized D.suggested

A.strange B.easy C.hard D.funny

A.mind B.understand C.want D.stand

A.pity B.fear C.advice D.thanks

A.taste B.chance C.memory D.feeling

A.however B.whatever C.wherever D.whoever

A.gotup B.putup C.turnedup D.tookup

A.all B.both C.either D.neither

A.popular B.terrible C.straight D.comfortable四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）IamnowonmyyearabroadinGermanyaspartofmyuniversitycourse．Atthe(1)（begin）ofmytimehere，Ihadthechancetomeetsomanynewpeopleandmakelotsofnewfriends．Itisalmostlike(2)（start）anewlifeandcanmakeyoufeelnervousandlonelyatfirst．ButIknewthatwhenImovedtoGermanyIhadtobeopenandfriendly．Thisis(3)（certain）whatIhavedonesincemovinghereandIhavemadesomegreatfriendsalongtheway．

Nextweekafriendof(4)（I）ismovingtoSpainforthenextpartofheryearabroad．Shewillbelivingnearabeachandhavealotoffun．ButIamalso(5)（concern）aboutherasshewillhavetostartanewlifeinanothernewcountry．Shesaidthatshe(6)（want）togobackintimeverymuch．

Inorder(7)（say）goodbyetoher，agroupoffriendsandIhadasurpriseparty．Wemadeherascrapbook（剪貼簿）withphotosandmemoriesofhertimehereso(8)shecouldtakeitalong!Wehopethatshehas(9)wonderfultimeinSpainandthatshewillgetalongwell(10)hernewclassmatesandsettleintohernewhome．五、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）假定你是某國(guó)際學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)成員，學(xué)生會(huì)將于下學(xué)期舉辦漢字書(shū)法培訓(xùn)班（Chinesecalligraphyclass）。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一則通知，要點(diǎn)如下：

1.培訓(xùn)班的目的；

2.學(xué)習(xí)書(shū)法的好處；

3.上課時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)：每周六下午3：00-5：00，201室；

4.歡迎大家踴躍參加。

注意：

（1）寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，以使短文連貫。

NOTICE____________________________閱讀下列材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Onceuponatimeinavillage,therewasanoldmannamedJerry.Hehadn'tseenhissonforafewyears,sohewantedtoseehissonwholivedinacity.Hestartedhisjourneyandcametothecitywherehissonusedtoworkandstay.Hewenttotheplacewhereheusedtogetletterslongback.Whenheknockedatthedoor,hewasexcitedandsmiledwithjoytomeethisson.Unfortunately,someoneelseopenedthedoor.Jerryasked,"IsupposeThomasshouldbestayinginthisplace."Thepersonsaid,"No!Hehadlefttheplaceandmovedtoadifferentplace."ThepersongavethepresentsaddressofThomas'sofficetoJerry.Jerrythankedhimandstartedtowardsthepathwhichwouldleadtohisson.Jerrywenttotheofficeandaskedatthereceptioncounter,"CouldyoupleasetellmethelocationofThomas？"Thereceptionasked,"MayIknowyourrelationshipwithhim？"Jerryrespondedpolitelybysaying"I'mhisfather".ThereceptionistranguptoThomasandconveyed（傳達(dá)）thesame.Thomaswasshockedandtoldthereceptionisttosendhisfathertotheofficeimmediately.

JerryenteredtheofficeandwhenhesawThomas,hiseyeswerefilledwithtears.Thomaswashappytoseehisfather.TheyhadasimpleconversationforawhileandthenJerryaskedThomas,"Son!Momwantstoseeyou.Canyoucomehomewithme？"

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Thomasrespondedthathecouldn'tgohometoseehismother._________________________

Threeyearslater,Thomaswaspromoted（提拔）asamanagerandwasdeterminedtoseehisparents.__________________________參考答案1.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】B

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中十一段?originally,creativity-40percent

clarityofpresentation-40percent?grammar,punctuation,spelling-20percent.創(chuàng)造性40分，描述的清晰度40分。語(yǔ)法，標(biāo)點(diǎn)，拼寫(xiě)20分。沒(méi)有提到書(shū)寫(xiě)。由此可知除了書(shū)寫(xiě)，論文將根據(jù)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、創(chuàng)新以及表述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行評(píng)判，故選D。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中倒數(shù)第六段EntriesmustbepostmarkedonorbeforeApril

26???????，2018，ormailedbyESTonthatdate.??????參賽者必須在2018年4月26之前郵寄他們的文章。故選C。

（3）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中倒數(shù)第一段第二句Winningstudentswillwina＄50giftcardandmayhavetheiressayspublishedon.勝者將會(huì)贏得50元的禮物卡并且可以把他們的文章發(fā)表到網(wǎng)站上去。由此可知如果你成為了贏家，你的文章可能會(huì)在網(wǎng)上發(fā)表，故選C。

本文為應(yīng)用文。本文主要講的是讀者雜志的一篇征稿要求及獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

考查廣告布告類(lèi)閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

4.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】B【小題4】B

【解析】（1）D.詞義猜測(cè)題。劃線(xiàn)詞所在句意為：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)能夠用領(lǐng)先的技術(shù)_____野生動(dòng)物的"私人"時(shí)刻。根據(jù)上文Camerasplacedinhard-to-reachplaceshaveshoteverythingfromsmalldesertcatstolargersnow-lowingcatsinthenorthernRockyMountains.（這種新型的攝像機(jī)拍攝到很多動(dòng)物，從沙漠中的小型貓科動(dòng)物到落基山脈北部的大型雪地貓科動(dòng)物。）由此可推斷出，科學(xué)家們是利用這種新型攝像機(jī)記錄了野生動(dòng)物的生活，"Record"意為"記錄"，A.Remind提醒；B.Enrich豐富；C.Appreciate欣賞；D.Record記錄，由此可知答案選D.

（2）C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的ButWMIdirectorMatthewKauffmansaysasthosedevices（設(shè)備）arelimited（有限的），soistheamountofinformationtheycangather.（WMI的主管MatthewKauffman說(shuō)，由于這些設(shè)備是有限的，所以它們可以收集的信息量也是有限的。）可知，野外攝像機(jī)的缺點(diǎn)是它能夠提供的信息是有限的，故選C.

（3）B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.（野外攝像機(jī)已經(jīng)成為幫助獵人尋找動(dòng)物的流行工具。有些人認(rèn)為那樣使用攝像機(jī)是不公平的。）可知，有些人反對(duì)使用野外攝像機(jī)是因?yàn)樗鼛椭C人很容易地找到動(dòng)物，故選B.

（4）B．觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals.（即使野外攝像機(jī)存在著一些問(wèn)題，但它顯然是研究野生動(dòng)物的重要科學(xué)工具。）由此可推斷出，作者對(duì)野外攝像機(jī)的態(tài)度是支持的，A.Doubtful懷疑的；B.Positive積極的；C.Uncertain不確定的；D.Uncaring不關(guān)心的，由此可知答案選B.

本文是一篇社會(huì)文化類(lèi)說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種新型的野外攝像機(jī)，它是研究野生動(dòng)物的重要科學(xué)工具，并介紹了它的使用所帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀(guān)點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀(guān)點(diǎn)。

8.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】C【小題3】D【小題4】B

【解析】（1）A．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，AccordingtoaUKgovernmentsurveyin2017，about570，000bikejourneysweremadeeverydayinLondon.根據(jù)英國(guó)政府2017年的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，倫敦每天約有57萬(wàn)人騎車(chē)出行?？芍髡咴谖闹杏脭?shù)字來(lái)說(shuō)明在倫敦騎自行車(chē)很流行。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A。

（2）C．觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第二段，Therecanbenodoubtthatourtrustybicycleshavechangedthewaypeoplegetaroundourgreatcity,"JohnsontoldTheGuardianin2015．毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，我們值得信賴(lài)的自行車(chē)改變了人們?cè)谶@座偉大城市的出行方式。Johnson在2015年接受《衛(wèi)報(bào)》采訪(fǎng)時(shí)表示。可知，Johnson對(duì)倫敦的自行車(chē)共享系統(tǒng)持支持態(tài)度。A．Disappointed失望的；B．Concerned關(guān)心的；C．Supportive支持的；D．Uninterested不感興趣的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選C。

3）D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的InmanycompaniesacrosstheUK，theUKgovernment'sCycletoWorkscheme（計(jì)劃）allowsworkerstobuyabrandnewbikewithouthavingtopayanytax（稅）.（在英國(guó)各地的許多公司，英國(guó)政府的騎車(chē)上班計(jì)劃允許員工購(gòu)買(mǎi)一輛全新的自行車(chē)，而無(wú)需繳納任何稅款。）可知，在這個(gè)政府計(jì)劃中，工作者從政府獲得的好處是購(gòu)買(mǎi)自行車(chē)免稅。故選D。

（4）B．標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，第一段說(shuō)明在倫敦騎自行車(chē)是多么的流行，第二、第三段說(shuō)明其流行的原因。接下來(lái)的段落說(shuō)明了政府和公司的支持進(jìn)一步使騎自行車(chē)流行起來(lái)。故B項(xiàng)"騎自行車(chē)在倫敦是如何變得流行起來(lái)的"適合作本文的標(biāo)題。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選B。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文閱讀，主要講述了對(duì)于許多倫敦人來(lái)說(shuō)，騎自行車(chē)是一種生活方式。根據(jù)英國(guó)政府2017年的官方調(diào)查，倫敦每天約有57萬(wàn)次自行車(chē)旅行。政府和公司給騎自行車(chē)的人提供了多方面的支持。

閱讀理解題材廣泛，所以學(xué)生要拓展知識(shí)面，學(xué)習(xí)之余，增加閱讀面。做此類(lèi)題型，要首先閱讀題目，帶著問(wèn)題進(jìn)行閱讀，閱讀中，及時(shí)捕捉相關(guān)信息，仔細(xì)分析，多多推敲，多出合理判斷，確保答有所依。

12.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】A

【解析】（1）C.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中"Musicisknowntoimprovethemoodofpeople.Oftenmusichelpsuspayattentiontowhatwearedoing.Musichelpspatientsfeelgoodandhelpsthemrecoverfasterandbetter.?????????????????????????????（音樂(lè)能改善人們的情緒。音樂(lè)經(jīng)常幫助我們關(guān)注我們正在做的事情。音樂(lè)幫助病人感覺(jué)良好，幫助他們更快更好地康復(fù)。）"以及下文內(nèi)容可知，全文主要寫(xiě)的是音樂(lè)對(duì)人情緒的影響。故選C。

（2）B.推理判斷題。由第一段最后一句"Musichelpspatientsfeelgood

"????音樂(lè)可以使患者感覺(jué)舒服。所以在餐廳放音樂(lè)是為了使顧客感到舒服。故選B。

（3）C.推理判斷題。由第二段第一句"Depressionisastateofmindthatmostofusexperienceatsomepointoftime.???????????????（沮喪是一種我們大多數(shù)人都在某些時(shí)間點(diǎn)經(jīng)歷過(guò)的情緒。）"可知，非是"allthetime（所有的時(shí)間）"故選項(xiàng)A排除；由第三段第二句"butmostofusrespondtomusicinthesameway??????????（我們大多數(shù)人對(duì)音樂(lè)的反應(yīng)是一樣的。）"可知B項(xiàng)中"indifferentways??（以不同的方式。）"是錯(cuò)誤的；由最后一段第一句"Musicisoneofthebestwaystoimproveyourmoods,butthiscandependlargelyonthekindofmusicyoulistento.??????????????????????（音樂(lè)是使我們情緒變好的最好方法之一，但是這大多數(shù)取決于你所聽(tīng)得音樂(lè)類(lèi)型。）"可知，不是所有的音樂(lè)都能使人情緒變好。故選項(xiàng)D排除；由第三段最后一句"

Musiccanoftenbethebestwaytoconnectwithsomeone??????????音樂(lè)通常是與人溝通的最佳方式。"可知，音樂(lè)經(jīng)常是連接人與人的最好方法。故選C。

（4）A.推理判斷題。由最后一段第三句"softmusiccanbetheperfectwaytorelaxattheendofalongway???????????????在漫長(zhǎng)的旅途結(jié)束時(shí)，輕音樂(lè)是放松的最佳方式。"可知，輕柔的音樂(lè)是在很長(zhǎng)的活動(dòng)結(jié)束后用來(lái)放松的最好選擇。故選A。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要寫(xiě)的是聽(tīng)音樂(lè)帶給人的好處和音樂(lè)對(duì)人情緒的不同影響。作者借此告訴讀者要學(xué)會(huì)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，要聽(tīng)懂音樂(lè)，讓音樂(lè)使自己變得更好，活的更開(kāi)心。

閱讀理解題材廣泛，所以學(xué)生要拓展知識(shí)面，學(xué)習(xí)之余，增加閱讀面。做此類(lèi)題型，要首先閱讀題目，帶著問(wèn)題進(jìn)行閱讀，閱讀中，及時(shí)捕捉相關(guān)信息，仔細(xì)分析，多多推敲，多出合理判斷，確保答有所依。

16.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】E【小題3】D【小題4】G【小題5】F

【解析】（1）B．邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)上文Ahealthylifestyleisonethatisfullofhealthychoicesandbehavior.Ithelpsyoukeepphysicalandmentalhealthandhelpsyoulivelonger.Generallyspeaking,thefactorsthatcontributetoahealthylifestylemayincludephysicalactivity,ahealthydiet,lowstressandhealthyhabits.可知一個(gè)健康的生活方式是一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)健康的選擇和行為。它幫助你保持身心健康，幫助你活得更久。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，形成健康生活方式的因素包括體育活動(dòng)、健康的飲食、低壓力和健康的習(xí)慣。由此可知，上文提到了一些形成健康生活方式的因素，那么本句應(yīng)當(dāng)承接上文說(shuō)明，這些因素給人帶來(lái)的好處是有助于降低患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，提高生活質(zhì)量。B選項(xiàng)中Thesefactors指代上文中thefactors。故B選項(xiàng)"這些因素有助于降低患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，提高生活質(zhì)量"符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

（2）E．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本句為本段中心句，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容Ithelpstoreduceyourriskofdiseases,suchascancer,anddiabetes,andhelpsyoucontrolyourweight.Inchildren,physicalactivityalsobuildsconfidence.Aspartofahealthylifestyle,adultsshouldtakepartinmoderate（適度的）tointenseaerobicexercisesandmuscle-strengtheningactivitiesregularly.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommendsatleast150minutesofaerobicactivityperweek,suchaswalking,bicycling,playingtennis.swimmingoraerobics.可知它有助于降低你患癌癥、糖尿病等疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并幫助你控制體重。對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，體育活動(dòng)也能建立信心。作為健康生活方式的一部分，成年人應(yīng)該定期參加中等強(qiáng)度的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)和增強(qiáng)肌肉的活動(dòng)。美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心建議每周至少進(jìn)行150分鐘的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如步行、騎自行車(chē)、打網(wǎng)球。游泳或有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此可知，本段主要說(shuō)明的是體育活動(dòng)對(duì)保持健康的重要作用。故E選項(xiàng)"體育活動(dòng)是變得健康和保持健康的關(guān)鍵部分"符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

（3）D．推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Eatingahealthydietcanhelpyoupreventdiseaseandkeepahealthyweight.Thismeanseatingarangeofwholefoodsfromthedifferentfoodgroups.Overall,ahealthydietishighinplant-basedfoodsandlowinsugaryandhighfatfoods.Meatcanbepartofahealthydietifitiseateninmoderation.可知健康的飲食可以幫助你預(yù)防疾病，保持健康的體重。這意味著從不同的食物組中吃一系列的天然食物?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，健康的飲食應(yīng)該多吃植物性食物，少吃含糖和高脂肪的食物。適量食用肉類(lèi)可以成為健康飲食的一部分。由此可知，本段說(shuō)明的是飲食對(duì)健康的作用，吃各種各樣的健康食物有助于滿(mǎn)足你的營(yíng)養(yǎng)需求。故D選項(xiàng)"吃各種各樣的健康食物有助于滿(mǎn)足你的營(yíng)養(yǎng)需求"符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

（4）G．邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)上文Althoughstressisanaturalhumanreactiondesignedtokeepyououtofdanger,therearenegativehealthconsequencestodealingwithlongtermstress.（雖然壓力是一種自然的人類(lèi)反應(yīng)，旨在讓你遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)，但長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)對(duì)壓力會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響）以及后文Inordertomanageyourstress,youneedtolearnwhatcausesitandhowyoucandealwithit.Waystodealwithunavoidablestressincludeexerciseandtalkingtofamilyorfriends.（為了管理你的壓力，你需要了解產(chǎn)生壓力的原因以及如何處理它。處理不可避免的壓力的方法包括鍛煉和與家人或朋友交談）由此可知，本段主要是關(guān)于壓力對(duì)健康的影響，上文提到了壓力的危害，那么本句起承上啟下的作用，說(shuō)明預(yù)防和管理壓力是很重要的。故G選項(xiàng)"如果你想過(guò)健康的生活方式，預(yù)防和管理壓力是很重要的"符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

（5）F．邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)上文Ahealthylifestyleincludeshealthyhabits.Thismeansprotectingyourskinfromthesun,gettingregularhealthcheck-upsandavoidingsubstanceabuse.Smokingandtobaccouseareunhealthybecausetheyincreaseyourriskofdiseasessuchascancerandheartdisease.可知健康的生活方式包括健康的習(xí)慣。這意味著保護(hù)你的皮膚不受日曬，定期做健康檢查，避免藥物濫用。吸煙和使用煙草是不健康的，因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)增加你患癌癥和心臟病等疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。以及后文Itcandamageyourliver,causecancerandhurtlovedones.（它會(huì)損害你的肝臟，導(dǎo)致癌癥，還會(huì)傷害你所愛(ài)的人）由此可知，上文主要列舉了一些不健康的生活習(xí)慣，那么本句承接上文繼續(xù)說(shuō)明喝太多酒也是不健康的習(xí)慣，會(huì)損害肝臟。故F選項(xiàng)"喝太多酒也是一種不健康的習(xí)慣"符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一個(gè)健康的生活方式是一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)健康的選擇和行為。它幫助你保持身心健康，幫助你活得更久。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，形成健康生活方式的因素包括體育活動(dòng)、健康的飲食、低壓力和健康的習(xí)慣。文章主要從這個(gè)五個(gè)因素展開(kāi)，說(shuō)明了每個(gè)因素對(duì)人健康的影響和好處。

"七選五"選擇題，主要目的在于考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。解題時(shí)最主要的兩個(gè)步驟就是1．理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2．在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說(shuō)是線(xiàn)索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細(xì)節(jié)，排除相近的選。得出正確的答案。

21.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】D【小題5】B【小題6】B【小題7】C【小題8】C【小題9】A【小題10】D【小題11】D【小題12】C【小題13】A【小題14】B【小題15】D【解析】（1）A.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A．excited興奮的；B.bored無(wú)聊的；C.sad悲傷的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)下文becauseIhadafirst-classticket,可知作者有一張頭等艙的機(jī)票，因此非常興奮。故選A。

（2）B.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A．smaller更小的；B.bigger更大的；C.dirtier更臟的；D.shorter更短的。根據(jù)常識(shí)及下文thefoodismoredelicious,可知頭等艙的座位更大。故選B。

（3）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A．a(chǎn)sk詢(xún)問(wèn)；B.learn學(xué)習(xí)；C.notice注意；D.think想，認(rèn)為。根據(jù)下文ayoungladywhohadabigsuitcase（手提箱）andseveralcarry-onbagsholdingacryingbaby.可知此處指作者注意到一位帶著大大的行李箱、幾個(gè)手提袋及一個(gè)正在哭鬧的嬰兒的年輕女士。故選C。

（4）D.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A．seriously嚴(yán)重地；B.successfully成功地；C.secretly秘密地；D.suddenly突然地。根據(jù)下文thehandle（把手）ofhersuitcasebrokeandthesuitcasefelltothefloor,可知突然她的行李箱的把手?jǐn)嗔选９蔬xD。

（5）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.find找到；B.lift提起；C.put放；D.change改變。根據(jù)下文thecaseandherbagslandedonthefloor,too可知，這位女士試著提起在地上的行李箱。故答案選B。

（6）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.knock敲；B.throw扔掉，拋；C.pull拉；D.hang懸掛。根據(jù)下文hersuitcaseovermyleftshoulder,putherbagsonmyright，可知作者把她的行李箱放在自己的左肩上，故答案選B。

（7）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.hope希望；B.regret后悔；C.realize認(rèn)識(shí)到；D.suggest建議。根據(jù)下文Itlookslikeyoucouldusethefirst-classticketmorethanme可知，作者意識(shí)到她比作者更需要這個(gè)頭等艙的機(jī)票，故選C。

（8）C.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A．stranged奇怪的；B．easy容易的；C．hard難的；D．funny有趣的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處指帶著孩子坐飛機(jī)很難，故答案選C。

（9）A.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.mind介意；B.understand理解；C.want想要；D.stand站起來(lái)。根據(jù)下文I'mjustgoingtobeworkingthewholetime,anyway,可知作者根本不介意換座位，故答案為A。

（10）D.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.pity同情；B.fear害怕；C.advice建議；D.thanks感謝。根據(jù)下文aswetradedourtickets可知，她表達(dá)了感謝，故答案選D。

（11）D.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.taste口味；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.memory記憶力；D.feeling感受。根據(jù)下文itgivemewhilewatchinghersitdowninseat1

A，可知作者看到她坐在1

A的座位上，有一種非常美好的感覺(jué)，故答案選D。

（12）C.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.However然而，可是；B.whatever無(wú)論什么；C.wherever無(wú)論哪里；D.whoever無(wú)論誰(shuí)。根據(jù)下文Iwassittingdidn'tseemthatbadatall可知，作者意識(shí)到他坐在哪里都沒(méi)有那么糟糕，故選C。

（13）A.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A．getup起立；B．putup張貼；C．turnup（音量）開(kāi)大；D．takeup開(kāi)始從事。根據(jù)上文AtonepointduringtheflightIwantedtoseehowshewasdoing可知，作者想知道對(duì)方在干什么，于是起身過(guò)去頭等艙，故答案選A。

（14）B.考查代詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.all全部；B.both兩者都；C.either兩者中任何一個(gè)；D.neither兩者都不。根據(jù)上文Thereshewaswithherbaby,可知作女士跟嬰兒都睡著了，故答案為B。

（15）D.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.popular流行的；B.terrible害怕的；C.straight直的；D.comfortable舒服的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處指她們坐在頭等艙大而舒適的座位上，故答案選D。

這篇短文主要講述了作者在等飛機(jī)的時(shí)候很激動(dòng)能有頭等艙的票，但是作者看到一些女士拿著很多行李還帶著孩子坐飛機(jī)，非常同情他們，把自己的票讓給了他們。

近幾年高考試題中的完形填空有新的變化，試題所涉及的知識(shí)面不斷拓寬，綜合難度不斷提高。做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬(wàn)不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時(shí)，要考慮整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)法等。答案全填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢了，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確。36.【答案】【小題1】beginning【小題2】starting【小題3】certainly【小題4】mine【小題5】concerned【小題6】wanted【小題7】tosay【小題8】that【小題9】a【小題10】with【解析】本文主要介紹作者在德國(guó)的學(xué)習(xí)和生活情況，結(jié)交了許多新朋友；第二周，作者的一個(gè)朋友要搬到西班牙去，他們?yōu)樗e辦了一個(gè)晚會(huì)，希望她在西班牙過(guò)得愉快．

語(yǔ)法填空是通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇在語(yǔ)境中考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力，在解題前應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文掌握大意，在讀懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境去逐句分析，逐題解答．扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法功底加上準(zhǔn)確的理解是解答語(yǔ)法填空題的關(guān)鍵．

1.

beginning．考查固定搭配．a(chǎn)tthebeginningof…意為"起初；開(kāi)始"，是固定搭配．故填beginning．

2.

starting．考查動(dòng)名詞．介詞后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞形式．故填starting．

3.

certainly．考查副詞．修飾句子要用副詞．故填certainly．

4.

mine．考查代詞．此處是名詞雙重所有格，要用名詞性物主代詞．故填mine．

5.

concerned．考查固定搭配．beconcernedabout意為"關(guān)心；掛念"，是固定搭配．故填concerned．

6.

wanted．考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)．此處講述的是過(guò)去的事情，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)．故填wanted．

7.

tosay．考查動(dòng)詞不定式．inordertodosth．意為"為了做某事"．故填tosay．

8.

that．考查連詞．sothat意為"以便"，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句．故填that．

9.

a．考查不定冠詞．