考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津城建大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津城建大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Despitethefactthatthetwocouncilmembersbelongedtodifferentpoliticalparties,they______theissueofhowtofinancethetowndebt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attested

B.reportedon

C.disdainfor

D.consentto

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)attest“證明，證實(shí)”，B項(xiàng)reporton“報(bào)告，匯報(bào)，就……作報(bào)告”，C項(xiàng)disdainfor“蔑視，鄙視”，D項(xiàng)consentto“同意，答應(yīng)”。由despite可知，前后句子為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前半句的意思是“盡管這兩名委員會(huì)成員屬于不同的政黨”，那么可以推測(cè)they______theissue的意思應(yīng)該是“但是他們都同意這個(gè)事情”，D項(xiàng)符合。句意：盡管這兩名委員會(huì)成員屬于不同的政黨，但他們同意如何為城鎮(zhèn)債務(wù)融資的問(wèn)題。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

2.單選題

Thetechnologicaladvancesmadeitpossibleforthemiddleclassestoenjoywhathadoncebeen（）onlytotheveryrich.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.manageable

B.measurable

C.acceptable

D.affordable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。manageable“可管理的”；measurable“可衡量的”；acceptable“可接受的”；affordable“可負(fù)擔(dān)得起的”。句意：技術(shù)的進(jìn)步讓中產(chǎn)階級(jí)也能夠享受原本只有富人能夠供應(yīng)得起的東西。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpeoplewhorefuseto（）withthelawwillbepunished.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comply

B.conceal

C.consent

D.abide

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞搭配。complywith“遵守,順從”;conceal“隱藏,隱瞞”;consent“同意,贊成”;abide“持續(xù),忍受”。句意:不用說(shuō),拒絕遵守法律的人都將受到懲罰。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

4.單選題

Certainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbetterthanotheroftheirkind.Thisnaturalbiologicalprocessiscalledadaptation.Amongthesuperiorcharacteristicsdevelopedthroughadaptationarethosethatmyhelpingettingfoodorshelter,inprovidingprotection,andinproducingandprotectingtheyoung.Thatresultsintheevolutionofmoreandmoreorganismsthatarebetterfittedtotheirenvironments.

Eachlivingthingisadaptedtoitswayoflifeinageneralway,buteachisadaptedespeciallytoitsowndistinctclass.Aplant,forexample,dependsuponitsrootstofixitselffirmlyandtoabsorbwaterandinorganicchemicals.Itdependsuponitsgreenleavesforusingthesun’senergytomakefoodfrominorganicchemicals.Thesearegeneraladaptation,commontomostplants.Inaddition,therearespecialadaptationsthatonlycertainkindsofplantshave.Manyanimalshaveadaptationsthathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Someinsectsarehiddenbytheirbodycolororshape,andmanylooklikealeaforalittlebranch.Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.

Manyanimalshavetheabilitytoremaincompletelystillwhenanenemyisnear.

Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructure,function,andgenetics;intheirdevelopmentandproductionoftheyoung;andinotherrespects.Anorganismmaycreateitsownenvironment,asdowarm-bloodedmammals,whichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.Usuallyadaptationsareanadvantage,butsometimesanorganismissowelladaptedtoaparticularenvironmentthat,ifconditionschange,itfindsitdifficultorimpossibletoreadapttothenewconditions.

1.Someplantsandanimalsdevelopsuperiorcharacteristicssothattheymay（

）.

2.Inthefirstparagraph,theword“environments”couldbestbereplacedby（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatthefeathersofabirdarecolored（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotdirectlymentioned?

5.Theauthorcitesthebehaviorofwarm-bloodedmammalsinordertoillustratewhichofthefollowing?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.helpothersoftheirkindgetfood,shelterandotherthingsneeded

B.surviveeveninextremelysevereconditions

C.becomebetteradaptedtotheenvironmentsthanothersoftheirkind

D.resultintheevolutionandproductionofmoreintelligentorganisms

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.contexts

B.surroundings

C.neighbors

D.enemies

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tofrighteneditsenemies

B.toattractitsenemies

C.toadjustitsbodyheat

D.tomatchitsenvironment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Alivingthingmayadaptinitsstructure.

B.Anorganismmayadaptinitsfunction.

C.Alivingcreaturemayadaptinitsgeneticmakeup.

D.Alivingorganismmayadaptinitssleepinghabit.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Alivingthingmayhavetheabilitytocreateanenvironmentofitsown.

B.Alivingcreaturemayhavetheabilitytoremainstillwhenanenemyisnear.

C.Alivingcreaturemayhavetheabilitytomakefoodfromitsinorganicchemicals.

D.Alivingcreaturemayhavetheabilitytochangethecolorofitsskin.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段第一句話“Certainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbetterthanotheroftheirkind.某些動(dòng)植物發(fā)展出來(lái)一些特征，幫助它們比其他同類更好的適應(yīng)環(huán)境。”可以推斷出本題正確答案選C。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。選項(xiàng)A“環(huán)境；上下文語(yǔ)境”；選項(xiàng)B“環(huán)境；周圍的事物”；選項(xiàng)C“鄰居”；選項(xiàng)D“敵人”。單詞所在的句子是第一段第一句和最后一句。根據(jù)上題的分析，environments應(yīng)該指的是周圍的事物所形成的環(huán)境。故正確答案選B。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句話“Thecoatsofdeerarecoloredtomixwiththesurroundings.鹿的皮毛顏色發(fā)生變化是因?yàn)橐谌氕h(huán)境?！边@句話是對(duì)本段第一句主旨句的舉例論證，由此推斷，動(dòng)物的皮毛顏色發(fā)生變化是為了融入環(huán)境和適應(yīng)環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)D更符合文章意思。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。定位到文章第三段前面兩句話“Organismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructure,function,andgenetics…有機(jī)體有許多適應(yīng)方式，它們也許在結(jié)構(gòu)上，功能上和遺傳方面適應(yīng)……”由這句話可知選項(xiàng)A、B和C都是動(dòng)物改變自我適應(yīng)環(huán)境的方式。選項(xiàng)D在文章中沒(méi)有提到。故正確答案選D。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Anorganismmaycreateitsownenvironment,asdowarm-bloodedmammals,whichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.有機(jī)體可以創(chuàng)造自身的環(huán)境，就像恒溫的哺乳動(dòng)物一樣，盡管天氣變化，它們也能調(diào)節(jié)自己的體溫?！庇纱丝芍髡咭煤銣夭溉閯?dòng)物保持體溫的行為是為了說(shuō)明它們能夠創(chuàng)造自身的環(huán)境。故正確答案選A。

5.單選題

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin（

）tohisincome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparison

B.proportion

C.association

D.calculation

【答案】B

【解析】短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:與收入相比，他在假期旅行和奢侈品上的開(kāi)銷太高了。

comparison比較，常用于by/incomparisonwith與...相比較；inproportionto與...成比例；與…相比；association聯(lián)系，合伙，常用于inassociationwith與..聯(lián)系；與…合伙；calculation計(jì)算。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

人們現(xiàn)在感到不滿意，不是因?yàn)槭虑楸纫酝悖且驗(yàn)楸纫酝魏螘r(shí)候都好。以婚姻為例，在加利福尼亞，十對(duì)夫婦中有約六對(duì)離婚——在一些較富裕的社區(qū)這個(gè)比例還要高一些。必須承認(rèn)，這些數(shù)字反映出許多不滿。但人們從未像現(xiàn)在這樣渴望和歡迎婚姻。的確，婚姻是如此地引人入勝，連很多正在辦離婚的人幾乎等不及法律許可，就想再度結(jié)婚了。

【答案】【參考譯文】Peoplearediscontentedthesedays,notbecausethingsareworsethanever,butbecausethingsarebetterthanever.Takemarriageforexample.InCaliforniathereareaboutsixdivorcesforeverytenmarriages—evenhigherinsomeofthebettercommunities.Onemustadmitthatagooddealofdiscontentisreflectedinthosestatistics.Butmarriagehasneverbeenmorepopularanddesirablethanitisnow;soappealinginfact,thateventhosewhoareintheprocessofdivorcecanscarcelywaitforthelawtoallowthemtomarryagain.

7.單選題

Plagiarismiswidelyrecognizedasahighcrimeagainsttheprojectofscience,buttheexplanationsforwhyit’sharmfulgenerally（1）itlooklikeadifferentkindofcrimethanfabricationandfalsification.（2），KennethD.Pimpleclaimsthatplagiarismisnotan

（3）

thatunderminestheknowledge-buildingprojectofscience.Rather,thecrimeisindeprivingotherscientistsoftherewardtheyare

（4）

forparticipatinginthisknowledge-buildingproject.

（5）

,Pimplesaysthatplagiarismisproblematicnotbecauseitisdishonest,butratherbecauseitisunfair.

WhileIthinkPimpleisrighttoidentifyanadditionalcomponentofresponsibleconductofscience

（6）

honesty,namely,acertainkindoffairnesstoone’s

（7）

scientists.Ialsothinkthisanalysisofplagiarismmissesanimportant

（8）

inwhichmisrepresentingthesourceofwords,ideas,methods,orresultscan

（9）

theknowledge-buildingprojectofscience.

Onthesurface,plagiarism,while

（10）

nastytothepersonwhosereportisbeingstolen,mightseemnottounderminethescientificcommunity’s

（11）

ofthephenomena.Wearestill,afterall,bringingtogetherand

（12）

anumberofdifferentobservationreportstodeterminethestablefeaturesofourexperienceofthephenomenon.

（13）

thiscomparisonofteninvolvesadialogueaswell.Aspartoftheknowledge-buildingproject,fromtheearliestplanningoftheirexperimentstowellafterresultsarepublished,scientistsare

（14）

inaskingandansweringquestionsaboutthedetailsoftheexperienceandoftheconditions

（15）

whichthephenomenonwasobserved.Misrepresentingsomeoneelse’shonestobservationreportasone’sownstripsthereportofaccurateinformationforsuchadialogue.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.get

C.have

D.help

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Therefore

B.Sofar

C.However

D.Forexample

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.excuse

B.ideology

C.object

D.offense

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.competing

B.attracted

C.due

D.craving

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ontheotherhand

B.Inotherwords

C.Byandby

D.Inthemeanwhile

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.besides

B.towards

C.except

D.for

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.fellow

B.rival

C.team

D.peer

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.chance

B.way

C.reason

D.base

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.stimulate

B.construct

C.undermine

D.assess

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.surprisingly

B.accordingly

C.potentially

D.necessarily

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.knowledge

B.discovery

C.creation

D.evaluation

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.presenting

B.comparing

C.submitting

D.producing

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.So

B.While

C.But

D.And

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.devoted

B.scheduled

C.committed

D.engaged

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.under

C.for

D.around

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:B

【解析】（1）考察動(dòng)詞辨析。make使；get到達(dá)，獲得；have擁有；help幫助。句意：剽竊被廣泛認(rèn)定為是對(duì)科研項(xiàng)目的犯罪，但對(duì)其為何有害的解釋使它看上去不同于偽造和篡改這兩種行為。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（2）考察邏輯連接詞。Therefore于是（表示結(jié)果）；Sofar到目前為止（表示時(shí)間）；However然而（表示轉(zhuǎn)折）；Forexample例如，比如（舉例說(shuō)明）。句意：例如，KennethD.Pimple聲稱…選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（3）考察名詞辨析。excuse借口；ideology思想意識(shí)；object物體，目標(biāo)；offense冒犯行為。句意：KennethD.Pimple聲稱剽竊不是破壞科學(xué)知識(shí)建構(gòu)的一種冒犯行為。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（4）考察形容詞辨析。competing競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，抵觸的；attracted被吸引的；due應(yīng)得的，預(yù)期的；craving渴望的。句意：剽竊這種行為剝奪了其他科學(xué)家從事知識(shí)構(gòu)建應(yīng)得的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（5）考察邏輯連接詞。Ontheotherhand另一方面；Inotherwords換一句話說(shuō)；Byandby遲早；Inthemeanwhile與此同時(shí)。句意：換句話說(shuō)，Pimple以為剽竊的問(wèn)題不在于該行為不誠(chéng)實(shí)，而是不公平。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

（6）考察介詞辨析。besides除……之外還有；towards朝向……；except除了……以外（不包括后面所提到的內(nèi)容或事物）；for為了。句意：除了誠(chéng)實(shí)這一組成要素外，我認(rèn)為Pimple指出了負(fù)責(zé)任的科研行為的其他額外組成部分。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（7）考察名詞辨析。fellow同伴；rival對(duì)手；team團(tuán)隊(duì)；peer同齡人。句意：負(fù)責(zé)任的科研行為的另一方面就是對(duì)科研同伴的公平。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（8）考察名詞辨析。chance機(jī)會(huì);way方式，方法；reason原因；base基礎(chǔ)。句意：我還認(rèn)為Pimple對(duì)剽竊的分析遺漏了很重要的一個(gè)方面。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

（9）考察動(dòng)詞辨析。stimulate激發(fā)；construct建造；undermine損害；assess評(píng)估。句意：對(duì)某些詞語(yǔ)、觀點(diǎn)、方法和結(jié)果的歪曲會(huì)損害科學(xué)知識(shí)的建構(gòu)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（10）考察副詞辨析。surprisingly令人驚奇地；accordingly相應(yīng)地；potentially可能地，潛在地；necessarily有必要地。句意：對(duì)那些被剽竊者來(lái)說(shuō)，剽竊行為可能會(huì)令其厭煩。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（11）考察名詞辨析。knowledge知識(shí)；discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；creation創(chuàng)造；evaluation評(píng)價(jià)。句意：但從表面看，剽竊行為似乎并沒(méi)有傷害到整個(gè)科研群體對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的評(píng)價(jià)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（12）考察動(dòng)名詞辨析。presenting展示，顯示；comparing比較；submitting提交；producing生成。句意：我們?nèi)匀粫?huì)把幾個(gè)不同的觀察報(bào)告放到一起比較來(lái)判斷我們所觀察到的一些現(xiàn)象的穩(wěn)定特征。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

（13）考察邏輯連接詞。so因此；while然而；but但是；and并且。句意：……但是這種比較也涉及（研究者之間的）對(duì)話。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（14）考察動(dòng)詞辨析。devoted“致力于”，常用于bedevotedtodoing結(jié)構(gòu)；scheduled安排，計(jì)劃；committed承諾；engaged從事。句意：從最初的實(shí)驗(yàn)計(jì)劃到后來(lái)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的頒布，科學(xué)家們一直都在針對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的細(xì)節(jié)和觀察到現(xiàn)象時(shí)的條件狀況進(jìn)行問(wèn)答。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（15）考察介詞辨析。with和…；under在…之下；for為了…；around在…周圍。under…conditions為固定搭配；句意：……觀察到某種現(xiàn)象時(shí)的條件狀況。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.單選題

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Indulginginseekingleisureandmaterialcomfort.

B.Attachingtoomuchimportancetoindependence.

C.Failingtocareforparentsinthetraditionalway.

D.Leavingtheirparentsonthevergeofstarvation.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavegreatdifficultylivingbythemselves.

B.Theyhavelittlehopeofgettinganyfamilycare.

C.Theyhavefondmemoriesoftheirgoodolddays.

D.Theyhaveasenseofindependenceandautonomy.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Peopleinmanypartsoftheworldpreferredsmall-sizefamilies.

B.Therehavebeenextendedfamiliesinmostpartsoftheworld.

C.Manyelderlypeoplewereunwillingtotakecareoftheirgrandchildren.

D.SomanyyoungAmericansrefusedtolivetogetherwiththeirparents.25.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Leavetheiryoungergenerationsalone.

B.Avoidbeingaburdentotheirchildren.

C.Stayhealthybyengaginginjoyfulactivities.

D.Viewthingsfromtheirchildren’sperspective.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】RecordingThree

Iwouldlikeparticularlytotalkabouttheneedtodevelopanewstyleofaginginourownsociety.[22]Youngpeopleinthiscountryhavebeenaccusedofnotcaringfortheirparentsthewaytheywouldhaveintheoldcountry.Andthisistrue.[23]ButitisalsotruethatoldpeoplehavebeeninfluencedbyanAmericanidealofindependenceandautonomy.So,welivealone,perhapsonthevergeofstarvationintimewithoutfriends.Butweareindependent.ThisstandardAmericanstylehasbeenforcedoneveryethnicgroup,althoughtherearemanygroupsforwhomtheidealisnotpractical.Itisapooridealandpursuingitdoesagreatdealofharm.Thisidealofindependencealsocontainsatremendousamountofunselfishness.

Intalkingtotoday’syoungmothers,Ihaveaskedthemwhatkindofgrandmotherstheythinktheyaregoingtobe.Iheardevotedlovingmotherssaythatwhentheyarethroughraisingtheirchildren,theyhavenointentionofbecominggrandmothers.[24]They’reastonishedtohearthatinmostoftheworld,throughoutmostofitshistory,familieshavebeenthree-orfour-generationfamilies,livingunderthesameroof.Wehaveoveremphasizedthesmallfamilyunit—father,mother,smallchildren.Wethinkitiswonderfulifgrandmaandgrandpa,ifthey’restillalive,canlivealone.Wehavereachedthepointwherewethinktheonlythingwecandoforourchildrenistostayoutoftheirway.Andtheonlythingwecandoforourdaughter-in-lawistoseeaslittleofheraspossible.Oldpeople’snursinghomes,eventhebestone,arefilledwitholderpeoplewhobelievetheonlythingtheycandofortheirchildrenistolookcheerfulwhentheycometovisit.[25]Sointheend,olderpeoplehavetodevotealltheirenergiestonotbeingaburden.

Wearebeginningtoseewhatatremendouspricewe’vepaidforouremphasisonindependenceandautonomy.We’veisolatedoldpeopleandwe’vecutoffthechildrenfromtheirgrandparents.Oneofthereasonswehaveasbadagenerationgaptodayaswedoisthatgrandparentshavesteppedout.Youngpeoplearebeingdeprivedofthethingtheyneedmost—perspective—toknowwhytheirparentsbehavesopeculiarlyandwhytheirgrandparentssaythethingstheydo.

22.WhathaveyoungAmericansbeenaccusedof?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)美國(guó)的年輕人被指責(zé)什么？錄音開(kāi)頭提到，美國(guó)的年輕人被指責(zé)沒(méi)有像過(guò)去一樣照顧他們的父母（notcaringfortheirparentsthewaytheywouldhaveintheoldcountry），C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有按照以往的傳統(tǒng)來(lái)照顧父母”是錄音原文的同義表述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“沉溺于追求休閑和物質(zhì)上的舒適”在錄音中并未提及；B選項(xiàng)“過(guò)分注重獨(dú)立”，利用錄音中的independence設(shè)置干擾，錄音中說(shuō)的是美國(guó)的老年人深受獨(dú)立自主的理想的影響，并沒(méi)有提及年輕人過(guò)分注重獨(dú)立，因此可排除；D選項(xiàng)“讓他們的父母食不果腹”，利用錄音中的onthevergeofstarvation設(shè)置干擾，錄音說(shuō)的是老年人因深受獨(dú)立思想的影響，選擇自己獨(dú)自生活，以致可能挨餓，生病時(shí)身邊沒(méi)有朋友。父母食不果腹并不是年輕人造成的，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

23.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutoldpeopleintheUnitedStates?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是說(shuō)話人對(duì)美國(guó)的老年人的看法。錄音中提到，美國(guó)的老年人確實(shí)深受獨(dú)立自主的理想的影響（influencedbyanAmericanidealofindependenceandautonomy），D選項(xiàng)“他們有獨(dú)立和自主的意識(shí)”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們獨(dú)自生活有很大的困難”，錄音中只是提及他們（老年人）可能會(huì)挨餓，生病時(shí)身邊沒(méi)有朋友，但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)這是很大的困難，因此可排除；B選項(xiàng)“他們幾乎沒(méi)有希望得到任何家人的照顧”和C選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)過(guò)去的日子有著美好的回憶”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及，因此不選。

24.Whatisastonishingtotheyoungmothersinterviewedbythespeaker?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)說(shuō)話人采訪的年輕媽媽們對(duì)什么感到驚訝？錄音中提到，她們驚訝的是，世界上大多數(shù)地方的人們，在歷史上多數(shù)時(shí)期里都是三、四代人生活在同一個(gè)屋檐下，B選項(xiàng)“世界上大多數(shù)地方都有大家庭”與錄音原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“世界上許多地方的人都更喜歡小家庭”很明顯與錄音原文表述相反，所以不正確；C選項(xiàng)“許多老人不愿意照顧他們的子孫”和D選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)太多的年輕人拒絕和他們的父母生活在一起”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及，所以排除。

25.Whatdoesthespeakersayolderpeopletrytheirbesttodo?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)老年人盡力做什么？錄音中提到，老年人相信他們能為孩子做的唯一的事情就是當(dāng)孩子來(lái)看望他們時(shí)，盡量表現(xiàn)得快樂(lè)，把所有的精力都用來(lái)避免成為一個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)（notbeingaburden），因此B選項(xiàng)“避免成為子女的負(fù)擔(dān)”符合錄音原文表述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“不打擾他們的年輕一代”；C選項(xiàng)“參與快樂(lè)的活動(dòng)以維持身體健康”和D項(xiàng)“站在孩子們的角度看待事情”在錄音中均沒(méi)有提及，因此排除。

9.單選題

Byastrange____,bothcandidateshavecomeupwiththesamesolutiontotheproblem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.coincidence

B.encounter

C.chance

D.overlap

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.coincidence巧合，同時(shí)發(fā)生B.encounter偶然遇見(jiàn)

C.chance意外，偶然，運(yùn)氣D.overlap重疊

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接與名詞辨析

【解題思路】后文提到“兩位候選人都提出了相同的解決方案”，這是一種巧合，并且該詞受strange“奇怪的”修飾，因此A選項(xiàng)coincidence“巧合”符合原文語(yǔ)義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)encounter“偶然遇見(jiàn)”，指意外、突然或暴力的會(huì)面；

C選項(xiàng)chance“意外”，與strange“奇怪的”不搭；

D選項(xiàng)overlap“重疊”，指一個(gè)物體的一部分與另一個(gè)物體的一部分占據(jù)相同的區(qū)域。

【句意】一個(gè)奇怪的巧合，兩位候選人都提出了相同的解決方案。

10.單選題

Ididn’tknowitthen,butthisdisruptivewayofreadingstartedwiththeveryfirstnovelIeverpickedup.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.harmful

B.persistent

C.interruptive

D.characteristic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。disruptive在句中是“破壞性的，擾亂性的”；A選項(xiàng)harmful“有害的”；B選項(xiàng)persistent“持久穩(wěn)固的”；C選項(xiàng)interruptive“中斷的，阻礙的”；D選項(xiàng)characteristic“有特征的”，句意：我當(dāng)時(shí)不知道，但這種顛覆性的閱讀方式始于我撿到的第一本小說(shuō)。因此只有C項(xiàng)符合。

11.單選題

Tofightagainstcomputercrimes,acomputersystemneedsasurewayofidentifyingitsrightusersandrejectingthosewhoarenotentitledtouseit.Theidentificationsystemshouldbequick,simple,andconvenient.

Atpresent,signaturesarewidelyusedtoidentifycreditcardholders,butittakesanexperttodetectagoodforgery.Sometimesevenahumanexpertisfooled,andthereisnoreasontobelievethatacomputercoulddoanybetter,

Photographsarealsosometimesusedforidentification.But,peoplefinditinconvenienttostopbyacredit-cardcompanyandtobephotographed.Companiesmightlosebusinessiftheymadethepicturesunderabsoluterequirement.Also,photographsarelessusefulthesedays,whenpeoplefrequentlychangetheirappearancebychangingthewaytheyweartheirhair.Finally,computerprogramsforanalyzingphotographsarestillhighlyexperimental.

Cash-drawingsystemsoftenusetwoidentificationnumbers:Oneisrecordedonamagneticstripeontheidentificationcards,andtheotherisgiventotheCRSholder.Whentheuserinsertshiscardintothecash-drawingterminal,hekeysintheidentificationnumberhehasbeengiven.Thecomputercheckstoseethatthenumberrecordedonthecardandtheotherkeyedinbytheuserrefertothesameperson.

Foralongtime,fingerprintshaveprovidedamethodofpositiveidentification.Buttheysufferfromtwoproblems.Oneisthatthereisnosimplesystemforcomparingfingerprintselectronically,theotheristhatbecausemostpeopleassociatebeingfingerprintedwithbeingarrested;theymostsurelywouldresistbeingfingerprintedforroutineidentification.

Voiceprintshavesuggested.Withthese,theuserhasonlytospeakafewwordsforthecomputertoanalyzehisvoice.Therearenopsychologicalproblemshere.Andtechnicallyit’seasiertotakeandanalyzevoiceprintsthanfingerprints.However,ithasyettobeprovedthatthecomputerline.

Evenlipprintshavebeensuggested.Butit’sdoubtfulthatkissingcomputerwillevercatch.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneoftheidentificationsystemrequirements?

2.Themostreliableandconvenientidentificationmethodinpresentuseis______.

3.Ifthetechnicalproblemscanbeworkedout,whichmethodisthemostpromising?

4.Whichofthefollowingmethodsistheleastpsychologicallyacceptable?

5.Thepassageisorganizedby______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Convenience.

B.Reliability.

C.Lowcosts.

D.Acceptability.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.signatures

B.photographs

C.fingerprints

D.magneticstripes

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Voiceprints.

B.Fingerprints.

C.Photographs.

D.Signatures.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Photgraphs.

B.Lipprints.

C.Fingerprints.

D.Voiceprints.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.asimplelistingoffacts

B.presentingasolutionanddiscussingitsadvantagesordisadvantages

C.causeandeffect

D.comparisonandcontrast

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Theidentificationsystemshouldbequick,simple,andconvenient.”識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的要求包括快速、簡(jiǎn)單和便捷。只有選項(xiàng)C未提及。

2.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Atpresent,signaturesarewidelyusedtoidentifycreditcardholders,butittakesanexperttodetectagoodforgery.”由此可知,簽名存在鑒定困難的問(wèn)題,排除A。根據(jù)第三段第一句話“Photographsarealsosometimesusedforidentification.But,peoplefinditinconvenienttostopbyacreditcardcompanyandtobephotographed.”可知照片存在著應(yīng)用不方便的問(wèn)題,排除B。根據(jù)第五段“Foralongtime,fingerprintshaveprovidedamethodofpositiveidentification.Buttheysufferfromtwoproblems.”可知,指紋也存在兩個(gè)問(wèn)題,排除C。所以,本題選D。

3.根據(jù)原文可知,作者在文中提到了幾種識(shí)別方式的各種問(wèn)題，而且認(rèn)為聲紋比指紋識(shí)別更好，只是由于技術(shù)問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有被開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)，由此推斷聲紋將成為最有發(fā)展前景的識(shí)別方式。選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“theymostsurelywouldresistbeingfingerprintedforroutineidentification.”由此可見(jiàn),大部分人將取指紋與被捕聯(lián)系起來(lái),他們肯定不會(huì)為了例行的身份鑒定而接受指紋鑒定。因此,從心理上講,最不能接受的是取指紋。

5.本題考察行文思路,文章在首段提出計(jì)算機(jī)識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的基本原則,然后分別分析幾種不同識(shí)別方法的利弊。也就是說(shuō),本題是通過(guò)提出一個(gè)解決辦法然后進(jìn)行利弊分析的方式來(lái)展開(kāi)的。因此,選項(xiàng)B正確。

12.單選題

Mobileofficeisthemutualproductofeconomic,scientific,andsocialprogress.Mobileofficehasbecomeasolutionthatprovidesuserswithconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytimeviathesupportofmobileinterconnectionplatform(MIP)anditsapplicationssystems.

Whenyouleaveyourofficetoattendmeetingsortravelonbusiness,whatwouldhappentoyourbusinessroutine?Ofcourse,faxesande-mailswouldbestillsenttoyourfaxmachineore-mailbox,butyoucannotreadthemandmakepromptreactiontimely.Whenyourclientsneedyoutomakesomeurgentmodificationsonyourworkandyouareneitherintheofficenorcarryingrelevantdocuments,whatcanyoudo?Maybeyouhavetosay"sorry"totheclients.Butyourbusinesswillbeaffected,theclientswillbeunhappyanddisappointedbecauseofyourdelay,andyouwilllosealotofbusinessopportunities.

Infact,veryfrequently,youneedtocheck,reply,distribute,display,modify,orreadsomematerialswhenyouarenotinyouroffice.Youmustgetoutofthisdilemma.Thebestsolutiontonormallyhandleyourbusinessanywhereanytimeandnottodisappointyourclientsistoletyouroffice"move"withyou.Thus,youcanhaveconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytime.Withthedevelopmentofcommunicationstechnology,networkapplication,andwirelessinterconnection,mobileofficehasbecomesimplerandsmaller,andevencanberealizedviaonemobilephonewithdatacommunicationsfunction.Thus,mobileofficehasalreadybeenputintoyourpocket,andofficemobilityhasbeenrealized.

Mobileofficehasprovidedpeoplewithconvenient,casualworkingenvironment,butatthesametimeitstillhassomeunsatisfactoryaspectssuchasmismatchingequipmentinterfaceandinadequatebattery.Nevertheless,webelievethatwithtechnicalprogress,peoplecancertainlyovercomeallkindsofdifficulties.Mobileofficewillmakeyourcareerunimpeded,andwillrealizethedreamofcompletelyfreecommunication.Userswillenjoymorecolorfullifeandbetterworkingenvironment,andusers'livingstandard,workingefficiency,andevenenterprises’productionefficiencywillcertainlybeimmenselyraised.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

2.Welearnfromthepassagethatwithoutmobileoffice,（）.

3.Thepassagesuggeststhatmobileofficeisnecessary,especiallywhen（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementbestexpressesthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

5.Intheeyesoftheauthor,mobileoffice（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mobileofficeistheonlywaybywhichpeoplecouldenjoypromptandsafeworkingenvironment

B.withthedevelopmentofscience,mobileofficecomestoourlifeinevitably

C.peoplehadnoconvenientandreliablecommunicationsandofficefacultybefore

D.mobileinterconnectionplatformanditsapplicationsystemsisthecoreofmobileoffice

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.youcannotputyourbusinessroutineasideorattendmeetings

B.youcannotreadfaxesande-mailswhenyoutravelonbusiness

C.youcannotmakeapologiestotheclientsforyourdelay

D.youcannotcatchanybusinessopportunitiesbecauseofbadworkingcondition

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.youneedtomakesomeurgentmodificationonyourwork

B.youneedtoreadandreplyfaxesande-mails

C.youareoutoftheofficetoattendmeetings

D.youcanputthemobileofficeintoyourpocket

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Whenyouleaveyouroffice,youshouldnotforgetyourbusinessroutine.

B.Youwilllosealotofbusinessopportunitiesifyoualwaysdelayyourwork.

C.Whenyouleaveyouroffice,yourbusinessroutinewouldbeharmed.

D.Whenyoucannotmeettheneedofyourclients,youshouldsay“sorry”.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.hassomefatalshortcomings

B.istooexpensivetoafford

C.wouldberealizedinthefuture

D.hasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Mobileofficehasbecomeasolutionthatprovidesuserswithconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytimeviathesupportofmobileinterconnectionplatform(MIP)anditsapplicationssystems.移動(dòng)辦公通過(guò)移動(dòng)互聯(lián)平臺(tái)（MIP）及其應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的支持，已成為一種為用戶提供方便、及時(shí)、安全、可靠、價(jià)格合理的通信和辦公能力的解決方案?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“移動(dòng)互聯(lián)平臺(tái)及其應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)是移動(dòng)辦公的核心”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Whatwouldhappentoyourbusinessroutine?Ofcourse,faxesande-mailswouldbestillsenttoyourfaxmachineore-mailbox,butyoucannotreadthemandmakepromptreactiontimely.你的日常工作會(huì)發(fā)生什么?當(dāng)然，傳真和電子郵件仍然會(huì)發(fā)送到你的傳真機(jī)或電子信箱，但你不能及時(shí)閱讀并且做出迅速反應(yīng)?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第三段“Infact,veryfrequently,youneedtocheck,reply,distribute,display,modify,orreadsomematerialswhenyouarenotinyouroffice.Youmustgetoutofthisdilemma.Thebestsolutiontonormallyhandleyourbusinessanywhereanytimeandnottodisappointyourclientsistoletyouroffice"move"withyou.事實(shí)上，當(dāng)你不在辦公室的時(shí)候，你經(jīng)常需要檢查、回復(fù)、分發(fā)、展示、修改或閱讀一些材料。你必須擺脫這種困境。要想在任何時(shí)間、任何地點(diǎn)正常處理業(yè)務(wù)，又不讓客戶失望，最好的辦法就是讓你的辦公室隨你一起“移動(dòng)”?！笨芍?dāng)不在辦公室里時(shí)，最需要移動(dòng)辦公。故C項(xiàng)正確。AB兩項(xiàng)都缺乏一個(gè)前提即人不在辦公室。D項(xiàng)與題干無(wú)關(guān)。

4.主旨大意題。第二段主要講述了當(dāng)你離開(kāi)辦公室去出差或參加會(huì)議時(shí)，如果沒(méi)有移動(dòng)辦公，你的日常商務(wù)活動(dòng)會(huì)受影響。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Mobileofficehasprovidedpeoplewithconvenient,casualworkingenvironment,butatthesametimeitstillhassomeunsatisfactoryaspectssuchasmismatchingequipmentinterfaceandinadequatebattery.移動(dòng)辦公為人們提供了方便、隨意的工作環(huán)境，但同時(shí)也存在著設(shè)備接口不匹配、電池不足等不盡人意的方面?！笨芍髡哒J(rèn)為移動(dòng)辦公既有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

13.單選題

Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover,despitetheSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymustselectivecollegesanduniversities.Butsomecriticsraisedthepossibilityofmorelawsuits,andpromisedtocontinuepressuringtheDepartmentofEducation’sOfficeofCivilRightstoinvestigatequestionablepolicies.“We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram...onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.”saysLindaChavez,founderandpresidentoftheCenterforEqualOpportunity,aconservativenon-profitgroup.

Otherssaythey’lltaketheircasetovoters.“Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox.”saysUniversityofCaliforniaregentWardConnerly,whohelpedwinvoterapprovalofCalifornia’sProposition209,whichprohibitsconsideringraceorgenderinpubliceducation,hiringandcontracting.Becauseofthatlaw,Monday’srulinghadnopracticalimpactinthestate.“Itmaybe