考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中央財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Humansaretheonlysurvivinghominin（人亞科原人）speciesandaredistinctfromotherhomininspeciesinouruniquecombinationofcomplexmaterialculture,socialbehavior,bodilycharacteristics,andintelligence.WewillherereferonlytoanatomicallymodernhumansorHomosapiensas“humans.”Thesearepeoplewewouldcall“people”ifweweretostandeye-to-eyewithoneofthem.Toputitanotherway,ifwetraveledbackinatimemachineto200,000yearsagowewouldprobablyrecognizetheuprightwalkingbeingsashumanbeings(eventhoughtheyprobablydidnotyetuselanguageorsymbolismlikewedo),butthereisnoguaranteethatwewouldconnectthesamewaywithanythinglivingbeforethat,notnecessarilyevenwithNeanderthalswholivedsidebysidewithsomehumanpopulationsuntil30,000yearsago.Althoughsomescientistsrefertoeverythingwithinthehumangenus(Homo)as“humans,”wewillreservethattitleforourselvesonly.

【答案】人類是唯一幸存的古人類（人亞科原人）物種，與其他古人類物種不同的是，我們獨(dú)特地結(jié)合了復(fù)雜的物質(zhì)文化、社會(huì)行為、身體特征和智力。我們?cè)谶@里只將解剖學(xué)上的現(xiàn)代人或智人稱為“人類”。如果我們和他們中的一個(gè)面對(duì)面站著，我們就會(huì)稱他們?yōu)椤叭恕?。換句話說(shuō),如果我們乘坐時(shí)光機(jī)回到200000年前我們可能會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到作為人類直立行走的人(盡管他們可能還不像我們使用語(yǔ)言或象征意義)，但不能保證我們會(huì)以同樣的方式與之前的任何生物聯(lián)系在一起，甚至不一定是與尼安德特人，他們直到3萬(wàn)年前還與一些人類生活在一起。雖然有些科學(xué)家把人類屬(人)的一切都稱為“人類”，但我們只把這個(gè)頭銜留給我們自己。

2.單選題

（）theincreaseinthenumberofcomputersinouroffices,theamountofpaperthatweneedhasrisenaswell.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Alongwith

B.Altogether

C.Although

D.Allalong

【答案】A

【解析】alongwith隨同...…一起；altogether完全，總而言之；although盡管，雖然；allalong始終，一直。句意：隨著我們辦公室電腦數(shù)量的增加，我們需要的紙的數(shù)量也增加了。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

3.單選題

Lowinterestratescreatedeasycreditconditions,fuelingahousingconstructionboomandencouragingconsumption.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contaminating

B.extinguishing

C.stimulating

D.transporting

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.contaminating污染，弄臟B.extinguishing（使）消亡，破滅

C.stimulating激勵(lì)；促進(jìn)D.transporting運(yùn)輸；使身臨其境

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析

【解題思路】劃線部分是前文“低利率創(chuàng)造了寬松的信貸條件”帶來(lái)的結(jié)果；原文and并列fuelingahousingconstructionboom“____住房建設(shè)熱潮”和encouragingconsumption“鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)”，那么劃線詞應(yīng)與encouraging“鼓勵(lì)”語(yǔ)義方向一致，C選項(xiàng)stimulating“刺激；激勵(lì)”符合語(yǔ)境。原詞fuel“刺激；推動(dòng)”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)與原文語(yǔ)境不符。

【句意】低利率創(chuàng)造了寬松的信貸條件，推動(dòng)了住房建設(shè)熱潮并鼓勵(lì)了消費(fèi)。

4.單選題

Therehavebeenseveralattemptstointroducegayercolorsandstylesinmen’sclothing,butnoneofthem（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hascaughton

B.hascaughthimout

C.hascaughtup

D.takeroots

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)原形是catchon“理解，明白，變得流行”；B選項(xiàng)原形是catchout“發(fā)現(xiàn)……有錯(cuò)誤”；C選項(xiàng)原形是catchup“趕上”；D選項(xiàng)takeroots“生根，扎根”。句意“曾有幾次嘗試在男裝中引入更鮮艷的顏色和風(fēng)格，但都沒(méi)有流行起來(lái)”。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

5.單選題

Itmakesmesicktothinkofhishighly______manners.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.artistic

B.artful

C.artless

D.artificial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)artistic“藝術(shù)的、有美感的”；B項(xiàng)artful“巧妙的、狡猾的”；C項(xiàng)artless“天真的、樸實(shí)的”；D項(xiàng)artificial“人造的、仿造的、虛偽的”；句意：我一想到他那矯揉造作的舉止就覺得惡心。因此該題D項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,whichincludesthewhiteAmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorldWarandpeopleofJapanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.

TheislandswereannexedbytheU.S.in1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorU.S.nativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.

ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.

However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthestate—asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannativesovermatterssuchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresenttonatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheU.S.

ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhowmanypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeoplewithmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacing.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In1933,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAU.S.$136millioninbackrentonthecrownlandandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenupitsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.

1.Hawaii’snativeminorityrefersto（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheHawaiiannatives?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNottrueofJohnWaihee?

4.Whichofthefollowinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudeonthematterofsovereignty?

5.VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowingExcept（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hawaii’sethnicgroups

B.peopleofFilipinoorigin

C.theKaLahuigroup

D.peoplewith50%Hawaiianblood

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Sixtypercentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.

B.Theirlifespanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.

C.TheirlifeisworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.

D.Theyaretheonlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.HeisHawaiifirstnativegovernor.

B.Hehassetupasovereigntyadvisorycommittee.

C.Hesuggestedthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.

D.Heisleadingthelocalindependencemovement.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.AmericanIndiannatives.

B.OfficeofHawaiianAffairs.

C.TheKaLahuigroup.

D.TheHawaiiannatives.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.agreaterautonomywithinthestate

B.morebackrentonthecrownland

C.aclaimontheHawaiiancrownland

D.fullindependencefromtheU.S.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Hawaii’snativeminority可以定位到文章第二段第一句“TheislandswereannexedbytheU.S.,in1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeopleshavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.”，中文翻譯為：這個(gè)群島于1898年被美國(guó)吞并，從那時(shí)起，夏威夷土著居民的遭遇比其他種族群體的遭遇更為悲慘?？梢耘袛嘀挥蠥項(xiàng)“夏威夷的種族群體”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文第二段“…sincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.”，中文大意為：自那以后，夏威夷的土著居民比其他種族的境況更糟糕。C選項(xiàng)正確，符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由A，B，C選項(xiàng)可定位到原文第三段中“ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.”，中文翻譯為：由夏威夷的第一位本土官員JohnWaihee成立的主權(quán)咨詢委員會(huì)對(duì)土著居民的事件起到了推動(dòng)作用，該委員會(huì)建議夏威夷土著居民應(yīng)該自主決定是否需要重新成立一個(gè)夏威夷主權(quán)國(guó)家。判斷A，B，C選項(xiàng)正確，排除；D選項(xiàng)在文章內(nèi)沒(méi)有相關(guān)信息介紹，故選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“alessradicalattitude”可以定位到文章第四段第三句“ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.”，中文翻譯為：這是夏威夷事務(wù)辦公室（OHA）支持的態(tài)度，OHA作為一個(gè)國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)成立于1978年，代表著當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦睦妫缃裨诿鎸?duì)土著居民主權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)上保持著溫和的態(tài)度。故選B。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文最后一段“Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.”，中文翻譯為：他們還希望能夠要回66萬(wàn)公頃的夏威夷公有土地?？芍耐氖窍朊绹?guó)政府承認(rèn)其所有權(quán)而不僅僅是更多的租金。因此B選項(xiàng)“更多的拖欠皇家土地的租金”符合題意。

7.單選題

Nearlyalltreeshaveseedsthatfalltotheearth,takeroot,andeventually().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.generatenewseeds

B.newseedsgenerated

C.generatesnewseeds

D.newseedsaregenerated

【答案】A

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。本句的that用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞seeds，定語(yǔ)從句中有三個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作：fall，takeroot，generate；三個(gè)動(dòng)作形式保持一致，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

By1950,theresultsofattemptstorelatebrainprocessestomentalexperienceappearedratherdiscouraging.Suchvariationsinsize,shape,chemistry,conductionspeed,excitationthreshold,andthelikeashadbeendemonstratedinnervecellsremainednegligibleinsignificanceforanypossiblecorrelationwiththemanifolddimensionsofmentalexperience.

NeartheturnofUrncentury,ithadbeensuggestedbyHiringthatdifferentmodesofsensation,suchaspaintasteandcolor,mightbecorrelatedwiththedischargeofspecifickindsofnervousenergy.However,subsequentlydevelopedmethodsofrecordingandanalyzingnervepotentialsfailedtorevealanysuchqualitativediversity.Itwaspossibletodemonstratebyothermethodsrefinedstructuraldifferencesamongneurontypes;however,proofwaslackingthatthequalityoftheimpulseoritsconductionwasinfluencedbythesedifferences,whichseemedinsteadtoinfluencethedevelopmentalpatterningoftheneuralcircuits.Althoughqualitativevarianceamongnerverigidlydisproved,thedoctrinewasgenerallyabandonedinfavoroftheopposingview,namely,thatnerveimpulsesareessentiallyhomogeneousinqualityandaretransmittedas“commoncurrency”throughoutthenervoussystem:Accordingtothistheory,itisnotthequalityofthesensorynerveimpulsesthatdeterminesthediverseconscioussensationstheyproduce,but.ratherthedifferentareasofthebrainintowhichtheydischarge,andthereissomeevidenceforthisview.Inoneexperiment,whenanelectricstimuluswasappliedtoagivensensoryfieldofthecerebralcortexofaconscioushumansubject,itproducedasensationoftheappropriatemodalityforthatparticularlocus,thatis,avisualsensationformthevisualcortex,anauditorysensationformtheauditorycortex,andsoonOtherexperimentsrevealedslightvariationsinthesize,number,arrangement,andinterconnectionofthenervecells,butasfaraspsychoneuralcorrelationswereconcerned,theobvioussimilaritiesofthesesensoryfieldstoeachotherseemedmuchmoreremarkablethananyoftheminutedifferences.

However,corticalasdiverseasthoseofred,black,greenandwhite,ortouch,cold,warmth,movement,pain,postureandpressureapparentlymayarisethroughactivationofthesamecorticalareas.Whatseemedtoremainwassomekindofdifferentialpatterningeffectsinthebrainexcitation:itisthedifferenceinthecentraldistributionofimpulsesthatcounts,Inshort,Braintheorysuggestedacorrelationbetweenmentalexperienceandtheactivityofrelativelyhomogenousnerve-cellunitsconductingessentiallyhomogeneousimpulsesthroughhomogeneouscerebraltissue.Tomatchthemultipledimensionsofmentalexperiencepsychologistscouldonlypointtolimitlessvariationinthespatiotemporalpatterningofnerveimpulses.

Upuntil1950,effortstoestablishthatbrainprocessesandmentalexperiencearerelatedwouldmostlikelyhavebeenmetwith（

）.

Theauthormentions"commoncurrency"primarilyinordertoemphasizethe

（

）.

Whichofthefollowingtheoriesisreinforcedbythedepictionoftheexperimentinlines17-20?

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhichofthefollowingexhibittheLEASTqualitativevariation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vexation

B.irritability

C.discouragement

D.neutrality

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.lackofdifferentiationamongnerveimpulsesinhumanbeings

B.similaritiesintheviewsofthescientists

C.similarityofsensationsofhumanbeings

D.continuouspassageofnerveimpulsesthroughthenervoussystem

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Cognitiveexperiencemanifestedbysensorynerveimpulsesareinfluencedbytheareaofthebrainstimulated.

B.Qualitativediversityinnervepotentialscannowbestudiedmoreaccurately.

C.Sensorystimuliareheterogeneousandaregreatlyinfluencedbythenervesensorstheyproduce.

D.Differentiationinneuralmodalitiesinfluencesthelengthofnervetransmissions.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Nervecells.

B.Nerveimpulses.

C.Corticalareas.

D.Spatialpatternsofnerveimpulses.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“By1950,theresultsofattemptstorelatebrainprocessestomentalexperienceappearedratherdiscouraging.”“至l1950年，有關(guān)大腦神經(jīng)活動(dòng)和祌經(jīng)感覺之間聯(lián)系的研究結(jié)果是令人沮喪的”中的discouraging確定C選項(xiàng)“挫折，沮喪”正確；

推理判斷題。題目中的“commoncurrency”出現(xiàn)在第二段第四句“...thatnerveimpulsesareessentiallyhomogeneousinqualityandaretransmittedas“commoncurrency”throughoutthenervoussystem”，與句子中的homogeneous意思相似，A選項(xiàng)的lackofdifferentiationamongnerveimpulses是nerveimpulsesareessentiallyhomogeneous的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，所以符合題意。

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第17-20行所述實(shí)驗(yàn)為電刺激作用于有意識(shí)的人體大腦皮層的某一特定感覺區(qū)域?qū)嶒?yàn)，而這一實(shí)驗(yàn)所支持的理論需向前追溯，即“...itisnotthequalityofthesensorynerveimpulsesthatdeterminesthediverseconscioussensationstheyproduce,butratherthedifferentareasofthebrainintowhichtheydischarge,andthereissomeevidenceforthisview.”“不是由感覺神經(jīng)脈沖的質(zhì)量來(lái)決定他們產(chǎn)生的各種神經(jīng)感覺的，而是由他們被發(fā)射到大腦的哪一部位來(lái)決定的，對(duì)于這一觀點(diǎn)是有證據(jù)的”，由此可知實(shí)驗(yàn)所支持的理論為A選項(xiàng)“由感覺神經(jīng)脈沖產(chǎn)生的認(rèn)知是由被刺激的大腦部位決定的”。

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句“...thatnerveimpulsesareessentiallyhomogeneousinqualityandaretransmittedas“commoncurrency”throughoutthenervoussystem”可知質(zhì)量變化最小的是nerveimpulses,即B選項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

The_______actionofthepolicemensavedthepeopleinthehousefrombeingburnt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supreme

B.significant

C.prompt

D.vital

【答案】C

【解析】supreme最高的,至高的;significant重大的,有意義的;prompt及時(shí)的,迅速的;vital至關(guān)重要的。句意：警察迅速采取措施,使得房子里的人免于燒傷。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

10.單選題

Manyreportedthatthegeneralmilitarymessagetheyreceivedwasthat,asnurses,theywereex-pectedtobe（）strong.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.empirically

B.eminently

C.emulously

D.emotionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：許多人聲稱，他們收到的一般軍事信息是，作為護(hù)士，他們應(yīng)該在堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。empirically憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)地，經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主地；eminently突出地，顯著地；emulously好勝地，

競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性地；emotionally感情上，心理上。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

ForseveraldaysIsawlittleofMr.Rochester.Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemanfromtheneighborhoodcalledandsometimesstayedtodinewithhim.Whenhisfootwaswellenough,herodeoutagreatdeal.

Duringthetime,allmyknowledgeofhimwaslimittooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse,whenhewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile.Hischangesofmannerdidnotoffendme,becauseIsawthatIhadnothingtodowiththecauseofthem.

Oneevening,severaldayslater,IwasinvitedtotalktoMr.Rochesterafterdinner.Hewassittinginhisarmchair,andlookednotquitesosevere,andmuchlessgloomy.Therewasasmileonhislips,andhiseyeswerebright,probablywithwine.AsIwaslookingathim,hesuddenlyturned,andaskedme,“doyouthinkI’mhandsome,MissEyre?”

TheanswersomehowslippedfrommytonguebeforeIrealizedit:“Nosir.”

“Ah,youreallyareunusual!Youareaquiet,seriouslittleperson,butyoucanbealmostrude.”

“Sir,I’msorry.Ishouldhavesaidthatbeautydoesn’tmatter,orsomethinglikesthat.”

“No,youshouldn’t!Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustabmeintheback!Youhavehonestyandfeeling.Therearenotmanygirlslikeyou.ButperhapsIgotoofast.Perhapsyouhaveawfulfaultstocounterbalanceyourfewgoodpoints.”

Ithoughttomyselfthathemighthavetoo.Heseemedtoreadmymind,andsaidquickly,“yes,youareright.Ihaveplentyoffaults.IwentthewrongwaywhenIwastwenty-one,andhaveneverfoundtherightpathagain.Imighthavebeenverydifferent.Imighthavebeenasgoodasyou,andperhapswiser.Iamnotabadman,takemywordforit,butIhavedonewrong.Itwasn’tmycharacter,butcircumstanceswhichweretoblame.WhydoItellyouallthis?Becauseyou’rethesortofpersonpeopletelltheirproblemsandsecretsto,becauseyou’resympatheticandgivethemhope.”

Itseemedhehadquitealottotalktome.Hedidn’tseemtoliketofinishthetalkquickly,aswasthecaseforthefirsttime.

“Don’tbeafraidofme,MissEyre.”Hecontinued.“Youdon’trelaxorlaughverymuch;perhapsbecauseoftheeffectLowoodschoolhashadonyou.Butintimeyouwillbemorenaturalwithme,andlaugh,aridspeakfreely.You’relikeabirdinacage.Whenyougetoutofthecage,you’llflyveryhigh.Goodnight.”

1.AtthebeginningMissEyre’simpressionsofMr.RochesterwereallEXCEPT（

）.

2.In“...allmyknowledgeofhimwaslimittooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse...’’,theword“about”means

（

）.

3.WhydidMr.Rochestersay"...andthenyoustabmeintheback!”？（7thPara）

4.FromwhatMr.RochestertoldMissEyer,wecanconcludethathewantedto

（

）.

5.Attheendofthepassage,Mr.Rochestersound（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.busy

B.sociable

C.friendly

D.changeable

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.on

C.outside

D.concerning

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.BecauseJanehadintendedtokillhimwithaknife.

B.BecauseJanehadintendedtobemorecritical.

C.BecauseJanehadregrettedhavingtalkedtohim.

D.BecauseJanehadsaidsomethingelsetocorrectherself.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tellherallhistroubles

B.tellherhislifeexperience

C.changeheropinionofhim

D.changehiscircumstances

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.cold

C.friendly

D.encouraging

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章中有關(guān)簡(jiǎn)愛對(duì)羅徹斯特印象的描述主要在文章前兩段。根據(jù)第—段中的Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemanfromtheneighborhoodcalledandsometimesstayedtodinewithhim(上午他似乎有很多工作要做，下午隔壁的紳士會(huì)邀請(qǐng)他并且有時(shí)候會(huì)和他一起吃晚餐),由此可知選項(xiàng)A“繁忙”和選項(xiàng)B“善于交際的”屬于簡(jiǎn)愛對(duì)羅徹斯特的最初印象；根據(jù)第二段的Hischangesofmannerdidnotoffendme...(對(duì)于他這種多變的態(tài)度，我也沒(méi)有在意)可知選項(xiàng)D“易變的”也屬于簡(jiǎn)愛對(duì)羅徹斯特的最初印象，而選項(xiàng)C“友好的”沒(méi)有在文章中體現(xiàn)，故答案選項(xiàng)為C。

2.詞義題。about所在句為:Duringthetime,allmyknowledgeofhimwaslimittooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse,whenhewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile(那吋，我對(duì)他所有的了解僅限于偶爾幾次在家中的碰面，這時(shí)候這位鄰居也只會(huì)是冷冷地從我身旁走過(guò)，但是有時(shí)候會(huì)鞠躬微笑)，原文中的occasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse是指在家里的幾次偶爾的碰面，分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A“在……周圍”，B“在…上面”，C“在…外面”和D“有關(guān)，關(guān)于”可知aroundthehouse與文中的aboutthehouse意思最接近，故答案選項(xiàng)為A。

3.判斷推理題。題干部分所在句為:Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustabmeintheback!(我明白了，你批判我的外表，然后在后面捅了我一刀，這里的stabmeintheback字而意思是“從背后中傷我，背后捅我一刀”但是這里是一個(gè)比喻，說(shuō)明簡(jiǎn)愛的話非常直接，將他傷的更深了，故答案選項(xiàng)為B“因?yàn)楹?jiǎn)愛的話更加有批判性了”；選項(xiàng)A“因?yàn)楹?jiǎn)愛打算用持刀殺了他”只是字面意思；選項(xiàng)C“因?yàn)楹?jiǎn)愛后悔跟他說(shuō)話”在文章中沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)；選項(xiàng)D“因?yàn)楹?jiǎn)愛說(shuō)了一些糾正的話”，他之所以感覺受傷更深原因在于簡(jiǎn)愛說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容而不是說(shuō)話的行為，故選項(xiàng)D也不對(duì)。

4.判斷推理題。題目是問(wèn)“從羅徹斯特對(duì)簡(jiǎn)愛說(shuō)的話中我們可以知道羅徹斯特的目的是什么”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別為根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段中的WhydoItellyouallthis?Becauseyou’rethesortofpersonpeopletelltheirproblemsandsecretsto,becauseyou’resympatheticandgivethemhope(我什么要告訴你這些？因?yàn)槟闶悄欠N讓人非常愿意把自己的問(wèn)題和秘密說(shuō)出來(lái)的人，因?yàn)槟惴浅Ｓ型樾亩夷芙o人希望),可知羅徹斯特只是單純地愿意將自己的經(jīng)歷講給簡(jiǎn)愛聽，并不帶任何其他的目的，故答案選項(xiàng)為B項(xiàng)“想要告訴簡(jiǎn)愛他的人生經(jīng)歷”。

5.判斷推理題。文章最后一段中羅徹斯特的話主要是對(duì)簡(jiǎn)愛進(jìn)行鼓勵(lì)，特別是這一句:You’relikeabirdinacage.Whenyougetoutofthecage,you’llflyveryhigh(你就像是一只的籠中小鳥，當(dāng)年掙脫了籠子，你就會(huì)飛得更高)，由此可知答案選項(xiàng)為D“令人鼓舞的，鼓勵(lì)的”。

12.單選題

Themanagerneedsanassistantthathecan（

）totakecareofproblemsinhisabsence.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.countin

B.counton

C.countup

D.countout

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這個(gè)經(jīng)理需要一位靠得住的助手，以便他不在時(shí)去處理問(wèn)題。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。countin把…算入,包括;counton預(yù)計(jì),指望,依靠,依賴;countup計(jì)算（或清點(diǎn)）總數(shù);countout不把……算在內(nèi)。根據(jù)句意可知B正確。

13.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Remembertheconceptof“sisterhood”?Thatquaintrelicofanideathatwomenowedittootherwomentocrashthroughceilingsandnavigateamaleworld?Itjustmightbetakingnewrootinamostunexpectedplace—amongwomenwithmoney.TherearemorewomencontrollingmorewealthintheU.S.thaneverbefore.Andunlikethewomenwhoprecededthem—old-schoolpatronswhogavetothemuseumandthesymphonyandtheirdeadhusbands’almamaters—thesegiversaremorelikelytousetheirwealthdeliberatelyandsystematicallytoaidwomeninneed.

Toappreciatethemagnitudeofthischange,goback150yearsorsotothewomen’sstrugglefortherighttovote,orthesuffragemovement.Backtothetimewhenoneofitsleaders,MatildaJoslynGage,lamented:“Wehaveyettohearofawomanofwealthwhohasleftanythingforhelpinghersexgetthevote.Almosteverydailypaperheraldsthefactofsomelargebequesttocolleges,churchesandcharitiesbyrichwomen,butitiswell-knownthattheyneverrememberthewomansuffragemovementthatunderliesinimportanceallothers.”

Today,globally,morethan145funds,withassetsofnearlyhalfabilliondollars,existtoimprovethelivesofwomenandgirls.Manyfocustheireffortsdomestically;aboutathirdworkinternationally.Notoneexistedin1972whentheMs.Foundation,thefirstnationalfundforandbywomen,wasestablished.CollectivelytheynowformtheWomen’sFundingNetworkandhaveplanstoincreasetheirjointcoffersbyanotherbilliondollarsby2018,inconcertwithadrivecalledWomenMovingMillions,whichaimstoencourageindividuals,mostlywomen,todonate$1millionormore.

WomenMovingMillionsbeganwiththeliteralsisterhoodofHelenLaKellyHuntandSwaneeHunt.DaughtersofthelegendaryoilmanH.L.Hunt,theywereraised“l(fā)ikeSouthernbelles,”Helensays—taughtthatmoneywassomethingawoman“shouldn’tworryherprettylittleheadabout.”Asadultstheydiscoveredthepowerofphilanthropy,andaboutthreeyearsagoSwaneecalledHelenwithanoffer.“Shesaidshewasgoingtoleavemealotofmoneyinherwill,”Helensays,“butImightdiefirstandruinthesurprise,sowhydoesn’tshegiveittomenow?”Swanee’s$6million,and$4millionmorefromHelen,becametheinitialpledgestothecampaign.

60.Inthepast,womenneeded“sisterhood”to________.

61.ThebigchangeintheUSmentionedinthepassageisthat________.

62.AccordingtoMatildaJoslynGage,therichwomenfailedto________.

63.Paragraph3mainlytellsabout________.

64.WomenMovingMillionsis________.

65.WhatcanwelearnaboutHelenandSwanee?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bemorecompetitiveinamaleworld

B.helpfreeeachotherfromhomeburdens

C.becomeaswealthyasthemajoritymales

D.makealivinginthemale-dominatedworld

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.morerichwomenareaidingtheirpoorersisters

B.morerichwomenarestoppingdonatingmoneytoschools

C.morefemaleshavewontherighttovoteinnationalelections

D.morefemaleshavecontributedmoneytomuseumsandsymphonies

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thinkaboutthewell-beingoftheirunfortunatesisters

B.makeinvestmentsinanyexclusivewomen’sprojects

C.realizewhatwascrucialinhelpingthoseneedywomen

D.recognizethatpoliticalrightsaremorevitalthantheirfamilies

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theindividualfemales’effortsforraisingtheirownstatus

B.thefutureplansoftheWomen’sFundingNetwork

C.theorganizedgroups’systematicsupportstowomen

D.thefundsusedforimprovingthelivesofwomen

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.arichwomen’ssociety

B.apro-womenfoundation

C.afunds-raisingcampaign

D.awomen’sfundingnetwork

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Theymadealargefortunefromthecampaign.

B.Theykepttheirpromisetodonate$10million.

C.TheyhelpedWomenMovingMillionsgetgoing.

D.Theylefteachothermillionsofdollarsinthewill.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:C

【解析】60.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inthepast,womenneeded“sisterhood”to________.在過(guò)去，女性需要“姐妹情誼”來(lái)________。

A.bemorecompetitiveinamaleworldA.在男性的世界里更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力

B.helpfreeeachotherfromhomeburdensB.互相幫助，把對(duì)方從家庭負(fù)擔(dān)中解放出來(lái)

C.becomeaswealthyasthemajoritymalesC.成為和大多數(shù)男性一樣富有的人

D.makealivinginthemale-dominatedworldD.在男性主導(dǎo)的世界中謀生

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞sisterhood可以定位到文章第1段第1、2句“還記得‘姐妹情誼（sisterhood）’這個(gè)概念嗎？是那種古老的觀念遺留下來(lái)的，認(rèn)為女人有責(zé)任幫助其他女人沖破天花板（crashthroughceilings），在男人的世界里遨游（navigateamaleworld）？”，說(shuō)明在過(guò)去，“姐妹情誼”能夠幫助女性沖破男性主導(dǎo)的限制，在男性的世界里發(fā)揮自身的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。因此A選項(xiàng)“在男性的世界里更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“互相幫助，把對(duì)方從家庭負(fù)擔(dān)中解放出來(lái)”，文章中沒(méi)有提到家庭負(fù)擔(dān)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“成為和大多數(shù)男性一樣富有的人”，由文章第1段第3句“它可能會(huì)在一個(gè)最意想不到的地方生根——在有錢的女性（womenwithmoney）中間。”可知，這些女性已經(jīng)很有錢了，屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“在男性主導(dǎo)的世界中謀生”，文章中說(shuō)的是幫助在男性的世界里更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，而不僅僅是謀生這么基礎(chǔ)的程度，屬于曲解原文。

61.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThebigchangeintheUSmentionedinthepassageisthat________.這段話中提到的美國(guó)的巨大變化是________。

A.morerichwomenareaidingtheirpoorersistersA.更多的富有女性正在幫助她們較窮的姐妹

B.morerichwomenarestoppingdonatingmoneytoschoolsB.更多的富有女性停止向?qū)W校捐款

C.morefemaleshavewontherighttovoteinnationalelectionsC.更多的女性在國(guó)家選舉中贏得了投票權(quán)

D.morefemaleshavecontributedmoneytomuseumsandsymphoniesD.更多的女性向博物館和交響樂(lè)團(tuán)捐錢

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞bigchange可以定位到文章第1段最后1句“與之前向博物館、交響樂(lè)團(tuán)和已故丈夫的母校捐款的老派贊助人女性不同（unlikethewomenwhoprecededthem），這些捐款者更有可能有意識(shí)地、系統(tǒng)地使用自己的財(cái)富來(lái)幫助有需要的女性（toaidwomeninneed）?！保f(shuō)明和以前不同的是，現(xiàn)在的美國(guó)有更多的富有女性來(lái)幫助貧困的女性。因此A選項(xiàng)“更多的富有女性正在幫助她們較窮的姐妹”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“更多的富有女性停止向?qū)W校捐款”，文章只是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在的富有女性比起向?qū)W校捐款更有可能幫助貧困的女性，沒(méi)有說(shuō)她們從此就不再向?qū)W校捐款，屬于推理過(guò)度；

C選項(xiàng)“更多的女性在國(guó)家選舉中贏得了投票權(quán)”，文章中沒(méi)有提及女性贏得了投票權(quán)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“更多的女性向博物館和交響樂(lè)團(tuán)捐錢”，文章中說(shuō)的是比起向博物館和交響樂(lè)團(tuán)捐錢，富有女性更有可能去幫助貧困女性，屬于反向干擾。

62.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

AccordingtoMatildaJoslynGage,therichwomenfailedto________.根據(jù)瑪?shù)贍栠_(dá)?喬斯林?蓋奇的說(shuō)法，富有女性們未能________。

A.thinkaboutthewell-beingoftheirunfortunatesistersA.考慮到她們不幸的姐妹們的幸福

B.makeinvestmentsinanyexclusivewomen’sprojectsB.對(duì)任何專屬女性的項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行投資

C.realizewhatwascrucialinhelpingthoseneedywomenC.意識(shí)到在幫助這些有需要的女性方面什么是關(guān)鍵的

D.recognizethatpoliticalrightsaremorevitalthantheirfamiliesD.認(rèn)識(shí)到政治權(quán)利比她們的家庭更重要

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞MatildaJoslynGage可以定位到文章第2段第2句“回顧過(guò)去，該運(yùn)動(dòng)的一位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人瑪?shù)贍栠_(dá)?喬斯林?蓋奇曾哀嘆道：‘我們還沒(méi)有聽說(shuō)過(guò)哪個(gè)富有女性為了幫助女性獲得選舉權(quán)（getthevote）而留下任何東西?！保瑫r(shí)第3句說(shuō)到“她們從不記得女性投票權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)，而這一運(yùn)動(dòng)是所有其他運(yùn)動(dòng)的重要基礎(chǔ)（underliesinimportanceallothers）?！保f(shuō)明女性投票權(quán)才是幫助女性最重要、最關(guān)鍵的方面，但過(guò)去的富有女性沒(méi)有對(duì)此提供幫助。因此C選項(xiàng)“意識(shí)到在幫助這些有需要的女性方面什么是關(guān)鍵的”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“考慮到她們不幸的姐妹們的幸?！保珺選項(xiàng)“對(duì)任何專屬女性的項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行投資”和D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)識(shí)到政治權(quán)利比她們的家庭更重要”在文章中均沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

63.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Paragraph3mainlytellsabout________.第3段主要講述了________。

A.theindividualfemales’effortsforraisingtheirownstatusA.女性個(gè)人為提高自己的地位所做的努力

B.thefutureplansoftheWomen’sFundingNetworkB.女性資金網(wǎng)絡(luò)的未來(lái)計(jì)劃

C.theorganizedgroups’systematicsupportstowomenC.有組織的團(tuán)體對(duì)女性的系統(tǒng)支持

D.thefundsusedforimprovingthelivesofwomenD.用于改善女性生活的資金

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Paragraph3可以定位到文章第3段，本段第1句說(shuō)到“今天，在全球范圍內(nèi)，有超過(guò)145個(gè)基金，資產(chǎn)近5億美元，致力于改善女性和女孩的生活（toimprovethelivesofwomenandgirls）?！保f(shuō)明這些資金的目的是為了改善女性的生活，接著舉了“女性資金網(wǎng)絡(luò)（Women’sFundingNetwork）”和“百萬(wàn)女性運(yùn)動(dòng)（WomenMovingMillions）”的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明做出的努力，這些組織和運(yùn)動(dòng)本質(zhì)上都是為了提供資金來(lái)改善女性的生活。因此D選項(xiàng)“用于改善女性生活的資金”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“女性個(gè)人為提高自己的地位所做的努力”，本段介紹的是社會(huì)組織和運(yùn)動(dòng)的努力，而非個(gè)人的，屬于張冠李戴；

B選項(xiàng)“女性資金網(wǎng)絡(luò)的未來(lái)計(jì)劃”只是列舉的一個(gè)例子，不能全面概括本段的內(nèi)容，屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“有組織的團(tuán)體對(duì)女性的系統(tǒng)支持”，本段中只說(shuō)到了對(duì)女性的資金支持，沒(méi)有提及系統(tǒng)的支持，屬于無(wú)中生有。

64.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WomenMovingMillionsis________.百萬(wàn)女性運(yùn)動(dòng)是________。

A.arichwomen’ssocietyA.一個(gè)富有的女性協(xié)會(huì)

B.apro-womenfoundationB.一個(gè)支持女性的基金會(huì)

C.afunds-raisingcampaignC.一個(gè)籌款活動(dòng)

D.awomen’sfundingnetworkD.一個(gè)女性的籌款網(wǎng)絡(luò)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞WomenMovingMillions可以定位到文章第3段最后1句“與一項(xiàng)名為‘百萬(wàn)女性運(yùn)動(dòng)’的運(yùn)動(dòng)合作，該運(yùn)動(dòng)旨在鼓勵(lì)個(gè)人（主要是女性）捐贈(zèng)100萬(wàn)美元或更多?！保f(shuō)明百萬(wàn)女性運(yùn)動(dòng)是一個(gè)鼓勵(lì)富有女性捐款的籌款運(yùn)動(dòng)。因此C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)籌款活動(dòng)”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)富有的女性協(xié)會(huì)”，百萬(wàn)女性運(yùn)動(dòng)是一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)而不是協(xié)會(huì)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)支持女性的基金會(huì)”，百萬(wàn)女性運(yùn)動(dòng)是一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)而不是基金會(huì)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)女性的籌款網(wǎng)絡(luò)”介紹的是“女性資金網(wǎng)絡(luò)（Women’sFundingNetwork）”，屬于張冠李戴。

65.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatcanwelearnaboutHelenandSwanee?關(guān)于海倫和斯旺尼，我們可以了解到什么？

A.Theymadealargefortunefromthecampaign.A.她們從運(yùn)動(dòng)中發(fā)了一大筆財(cái)。

B.Theykepttheirpromisetodonate$10million.B.她們信守承