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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南理工職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

)themostofanyadvicewhichyoucangetfromtheinterviewerandfollowupsuggestionsforimprovingyourpresentationandqualifications.

問題1選項

A.Take

B.Keep

C.Have

D.Make

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。makethemostof“最大限度地利用”。句意:最大限度地利用并且聽從面試官給的建議來提高你的陳述方式和素養(yǎng)。選項D符合題意。

2.單選題

Thevalueoftheindustrial()droppedfromabout70billiondollarstoslightlymorethan31billion.

問題1選項

A.outcome

B.outlook

C.output

D.outset

【答案】C

【解析】常用搭配。industrialoutput指"工業(yè)產(chǎn)量",為常用搭配。句意:工業(yè)產(chǎn)值從700億美元下降到310多億美元。選項C正確。

3.單選題

Mygrandmotherhasbeengoingtoabetterdentist,sothis()problemssheishavingwithherdentures.

問題1選項

A.won’teliminate

B.willbeelimination

C.shouldhavebeeneliminated

D.shouldhelpeliminate

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我的祖母一直在看牙醫(yī),所以這應(yīng)該有助于解決她的假牙問題。should表示有較大可能實現(xiàn)的推測,且根據(jù)句意可知,這里時態(tài)應(yīng)該為一般現(xiàn)在時,所以選項D正確。

4.單選題

Onaverage,Americankidsages3to12spent29hoursaweekinschool,eighthoursmorethantheydidin1981.Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkandparticipatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet.Involvementinsports,inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:boysnowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghalfthattime.Allinall,however,children’sleisuretimedroppedfrom40%ofthedayin1981to25%.

“Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危機)thataffectstheirparents,”saysSandraHofferth,whoheadedtherecentstudyofchildren’stimetable.Achiefreason,shesays,isthatmoremothersareworkingoutsidethehome.(Nevertheless,childreninbothdouble-incomeand“malebreadwinner”householdsspentcomparableamountsoftimeinteractingwiththeirparents,19hoursand22hoursrespectively.Incontrast,childrenspentonly9hourswiththeirsinglemothers.

Allworkandnoplaycouldmakeforsomeverymessed-upkids.“Playisthemostpowerfulwayachildexplorestheworldandlearnsabouthimself,”saysT.BerryBrazelton,professoratHarvardMedicalSchool.Unstructuredplayencouragesindependentthinkingandallowstheyoungtonegotiatetheirrelationshipswiththeirpeers,butkidsaged3to12spentonly12hoursaweekengagedinit.

Thechildrensampledspentaquarteroftheirrapidlydecreasing“freetimewatchingtelevision.Butthat,believeitornot,wasoneofthefindingsparentsmightregardasgoodnews.Ifthey’respendinglesstimeinfrontoftheTVset,however,kidsaren’treplacingitwithreading.Despiteeffortstogetkidsmoreinterestedinbooks,thechildrenspentjustoveranhouraweekreading.Let’sfaceit,who’sgotthetime?

1.Bymentioning“thesametimecrunch”(Line1,Para.2)SandraHofferthmeans______.

2.Accordingtotheauthor:thereasongivenbySandraHofferthforthetimecrunchis______.

3.Accordingtotheauthorachilddevelopsbetterif______.

4.TheauthorisconcernedaboutthefactthatAmericankids______.

5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.

問題1選項

A.childrenhavelittletimetoplaywiththeirparents

B.childrenarenottakengoodcareofbytheirworkingparents

C.parentsandchildrensufferfromlackofleisuretime

D.bothparentsandchildrenhavetroublemanagingtheirtime

問題2選項

A.quiteconvincing

B.partiallytrue

C.totallygroundless

D.ratherconfusing

問題3選項

A.hehasplentyoftimereadingandstudying

B.heislefttoplaywithhispeersinhisownway

C.hehasmoretimeparticipatinginschoolactivities

D.heisfreetointeractwithhisworkingparents

問題4選項

A.areengagedinmoreandmorestructuredactivities

B.areincreasinglyneglectedbytheirworkingmothers

C.arespendingmoreandmoretimewatchingTV

D.areinvolvedlessandlessinhouseholdwork

問題5選項

A.extracurricularactivitiespromotechildren’sintelligence

B.mostchildrenwillturntoreadingwithTVsetsswitchedoff

C.effortstogetkidsinterestedinreadinghavebeenfruitful

D.mostparentsbelievereadingtobebeneficialtochildren

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干,可以定位到文章第二段第一句Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危機)thataffectstheirparents.(孩子們和他們的父母一樣,也受到時間短缺的影響)。C選項“父母和孩子都因缺乏閑暇時間而受苦”,根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,C選項符合句意,因此C選項正確。A選項“孩子們幾乎沒有時間和父母一起玩”,不符合題意,可排除。B選項“孩子們沒有得到工作的父母很好的照顧”,文章沒有提到這一點,因此可排除。D選項“父母和孩子都在管理他們的時間上有困難”,不符合題意,可排除。因此C選項為正確答案。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】作者意圖題。根據(jù)題干我們可以定位到文章第二段第一句Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危機)thataffectstheirparents.(孩子們的影響同時緊縮(危機),影響他們的父母)。B選項“部分正確”,B選項符合句意。A選項“十分信服”,作者并沒有認(rèn)為她給出的理由是十分信服的。C選項“完全沒有事實根據(jù)”,不符合題意,可排除。D選項“令人困惑的”,不符合題意,可排除。因此B選項為正確答案。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。A選項“他有大量的時間閱讀和學(xué)習(xí)”,文中最后一段所說孩子們每周花在閱讀上的時間只有一個多小時,因此A可排除。B選項“他只能以自己的方式和同齡人玩游戲”,這里符合文章倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“自由玩耍鼓勵孩子們獨立思考,并允許他們與同齡人協(xié)商他們的關(guān)系”,因此可推測和同齡人玩耍會使孩子發(fā)展得更好,因此B選項正確。C選項“他有更多的時間參加學(xué)?;顒印保瑓⒓訉W(xué)?;顒?,導(dǎo)致兒童的閑暇時間減少,因此不利于兒童發(fā)展,C選項可排除。D選項“他可以自由地和他上班的父母交流”,文章所說由于父母上班,導(dǎo)致兒童與父母之間的交流減少,因此D選項可排除。因此B選項為正確答案。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文中第一段第二句Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkandparticipatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet.(她們也做更多的家務(wù),參加更多的有組織的活動,如足球和芭蕾舞。)A選項“areengagedinmoreandmorestructuredactivities”(正在參與越來越多的有組織的活動),符合文章所說的內(nèi)容,兒童參加越來越多有組織的活動,因此A選項正確。B選項“越來越多的小孩被工作的母親所忽視”,文章所說,只是兩者之間交流時間減少,因此不符合題意,可排除B選項。C選項“花越來越多的時間看電視”,文章最后一段所說“孩子們把他們迅速減少的四分之一的空閑時間花在看電視上”,因此C不符合題意,可排除。D選項“家務(wù)活越來越少了”,文章第一段所說“她們也做更多的家務(wù)”,因此可排除D選項。因此A選項為正確答案。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文。A選項“課外活動能提高孩子的智力”,符合文章倒數(shù)第二段,課外活動可以提高孩子的智力,因此A選項正確。B選項“大多數(shù)孩子會在關(guān)掉電視的情況下看書”,文章最后一段所說“如果他們在電視機前花的時間減少了,孩子們也不會用閱讀來代替”,B選項可排除。C選項“讓孩子們對閱讀感興趣的努力取得了豐碩的成果”,文章最后一段所說“盡管努力讓孩子們對書籍更感興趣,孩子們每周花在閱讀上的時間只有一個多小時”,不符合題意,可排除。D選項“大多數(shù)家長認(rèn)為讀書對孩子有益”,文章沒有提到這個內(nèi)容,因此可排除D。因此A選項為正確答案。

5.單選題

Theprodigalson(

)hislargeinheritanceinafewyearsofheavyspending.

問題1選項

A.inherited

B.received

C.accumulated

D.dissipated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。inherit“繼承”;receive“收到;接待”;accumulate“積攢”;dissipate“浪費;使……消散”。句意:那個花錢大手大腳的敗家子短短幾年就把那一大筆遺產(chǎn)揮霍掉了。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Theboyseemedmore()totheirpovertyafterseeinghowhisgrandparentslived.

問題1選項

A.reconciled

B.consolidated

C.deteriorated

D.attributed

【答案】A

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

固定搭配。reconcileto甘心,接受;attributedto歸因于。consolidate和deteriorated為及物動詞。句意:在看到祖父母的生活后,這個男孩似乎更能接受他們的貧窮了。選項A符合句意。

7.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

據(jù)財富、種族、教育、地域的不同,計算機的擁有程度和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入規(guī)模有很大差別。數(shù)據(jù)表明,計算機的擁有程度和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入規(guī)模在最富裕的、教育良好的,即擁有高中和大學(xué)文憑的富裕的白人和那些穩(wěn)定的雙親家庭中增長更迅速。最高收入階層的家庭,即年收入高于75000美元的家庭訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的可能性是那些低收入階層,即年收入低于10000美元的家庭的20倍。高收入家庭使用計算機的比例高達(dá)76.56%,但與之相比,低收入家庭只有8%。

【答案】Accordingtothedifferencesinwealth,race,educationandregion,greatdistancehasexistedintheownershipofcomputerandInternetaccess.ThestatisticsshowthattheownershipofcomputerandInternetaccesshaveincreasedrapidlyinthemostaffluentandwell-educatedwhitepeoplewhousuallyownshigh-schoolanduniversitydiplomaandstabletwo-parentfamilies.ThepossibilityofusingInternetinthefamilieswiththehighestincome,morethan75,000dollars,istwentytimesasmuchasthatinthefamilieswithlowincome,lessthan10,000dollars.Therateofusingcomputerinhighincomefamilieshasreached76.56%,whiletherateinlowincomefamilieshasonly8%.

8.單選題

Thebenefitsofadiverseworkforceareonlyseenifthestaffiswellmanaged.Bossesneedtounderstandthatpeoplewithdifferingbackgroundswillcomeupwithideasindifferentwaysandgivethemtheflexibilitytobecreativeintheircustom.

Thatcomestogetherwithacouplesteps;first,managersneedtobesuretheyareactivelypursuingnewhiresthatnotonlyadddiversitybutalsoofferanewperspective.

ThekeyisnotjustaddingaHispanicwomantothestaffbecauseyoudon’thaveonenow.It’sbesttoseekpeoplewhosebackgroundsaredifferentfromyourcurrentstaffastheywilllikelyfindsolutionsindifferentways.

TaketheaccountingfirmDeloitte,anearlyadopterofdiversity.Thefirmwastrainingminoritiestobecometopmanagers,butthenitoftenlostthembeforetheyreachedtheexecutivelevel—asoftenhappensinthatprofession.SoDeloittecreatedanewexecutivetrainingprogramthaturgeditsaccountantstostayonratherthanjumpingtoanotherfirmforadvancement.Thisassuredthattheminoritiesthecompanywasgroomingfortopmanagementwouldn’tleavethecompanybeforereachinghigherranks.

Butit’snotjustaboutputtingminoritiesinafewjobsandhavingthemrunthingsasusual.Forinstance,immigrantsfromcountrieswherebankshavefailedorsimplyaren’ttrustedmayneedtobuildarelationshipwithsomeoneinabranchbeforedepositingtheirmoney.Alocalbranchmanagerwhounderstandsthatrelationshipmaybemorelikelytogetthatbusiness.

Havingadiverseworkforceisonlyanadvantageifyou’reabletoutilizethatdiversity.It’sunderstandingtheexperienceofpeopleandwhattheycanbringtoyourbusiness.

Thefloatingmarketisalittlemicrocosmofthat.Everyday,localsandtouristsperusethestandsandcountersthatjutoutfromtheboats.Thecustomersareallshadesandbackgrounds,andthat’sjustthewaytheislanderslikeit.

Thesamecanhappenatoffices.Butit’suptomanagerstoshowtheyvalueideasascreativeasthefloatingmarket.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthepassage?

2.Whatismostvaluedaboutminoritygroups?

3.Whatdoestheauthorintendtosayinthefourthparagraph?

4.Whatistheadvantageofaminoritybankworkeraccordingtothepassage?

5.Whatisafloatingmarketprobablylike?

問題1選項

A.Itisbeneficialforcompaniestohirepeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.

B.Adiverseworkforcewilldogoodtothecompanyifmanagedproperly.

C.Peoplefromdifferentbackgroundscancontributedifferentideas.

D.Theimportanceofminoritypeopleisgettingmoreandmoreattention.

問題2選項

A.Theirlocalculture.

B.Theiruniqueexperience.

C.Theirdifferentperspectives.

D.Theirexecutiveability.

問題3選項

A.Deloitteattachedimportancetohavingminoritiesinitstopmanagement.

B.Talentlossatexecutivelevelisacommonoccurrenceinaccountingbusiness.

C.Propertrainingisnecessaryforminoritiestomakemorecontribution.

D.Minoritiesaremorelikelytolookforanewcompanyforbetteropportunities.

問題4選項

A.Hewillspendmoretimeandenergypersuadingclientstodepositmoneyinhisbank.

B.Heknowsbetterhowtokeepthebank’sreputationandwintheclients’trust.

C.Itiseasierforhimtodeveloparelationshipwithimmigrantsfromhishomecountry.

D.Heunderstandsbettertheimportanceoftherelationshipbetweenbankandclients.

問題5選項

A.Itsellsgoodsfromallovertheworld.

B.Itisamarketonthewater.

C.Itdoesnothaveafixedlocation.

D.Itsellsgoodsatratherlowprice.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章開頭說到“Thebenefitsofadiverseworkforceareonlyseenifthestaffiswellmanaged.(只有管理好員工,才能看到多元化員工隊伍的好處。)”,后文第六段又提到“Havingadiverseworkforceisonlyanadvantageifyou’reabletoutilizethatdiversity.(擁有多樣化的勞動力是唯一的優(yōu)勢,如果你能夠利用這種多樣性。)”,由此可知本文主要闡述的是多元化的員工隊伍對公司的作用,B選項“如果管理得當(dāng),多元化的員工隊伍對公司有好處”符合文章大意。A選項“公司雇傭不同背景的人是有益的”說法太絕對,忽略了管理的作用;C選項“不同背景的人可以提出不同的想法”以及D選項“少數(shù)民族的重要性越來越受到重視”都包含在B選項中,因此B選項正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“It’sbesttoseekpeoplewhosebackgroundsaredifferentfromyourcurrentstaffastheywilllikelyfindsolutionsindifferentways.(最好是找那些背景和你現(xiàn)有員工不同的人,因為他們可能會以不同的方式找到解決方案。)”,由此可知少數(shù)民族群體最被看中的是他們不同的觀點,C選項“他們的觀點不同”說法正確。A選項“他們的當(dāng)?shù)匚幕保籅選項“他們獨特的經(jīng)歷”以及D選項“他們的執(zhí)行能力”均不符合題意,因此C選項正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句話“Thisassuredthattheminoritiesthecompanywasgroomingfortopmanagementwouldn’tleavethecompanybeforereachinghigherranks.(這確保了公司為高層管理人員培養(yǎng)的少數(shù)族裔在晉升之前不會離開公司)”以及前文提到的少數(shù)民族群體會提供不同意見可知德勤會計師事務(wù)所重視在高層管理層中引入少數(shù)族裔,從而能夠擁有更多的不同的意見,A選項“德勤重視在高層管理層中引入少數(shù)族裔”說法正確。B選項“高管層人才流失是會計行業(yè)的常見現(xiàn)象”文章沒有提到;C選項“少數(shù)民族要做出更大的貢獻(xiàn),就必須進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)呐嘤?xùn)”文章也沒有提及;D選項“少數(shù)族裔更傾向于尋找一家新公司來獲得更好的機會”說法太絕對,文章只說了該事務(wù)所有這樣的問題,并不能說明所有的少數(shù)族裔都傾向于尋找更好的機會。因此A選項正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第五段“Forinstance,immigrantsfromcountrieswherebankshavefailedorsimplyaren’ttrustedmayneedtobuildarelationshipwithsomeoneinabranchbeforedepositingtheirmoney.Alocalbranchmanagerwhounderstandsthatrelationshipmaybemorelikelytogetthatbusiness.(例如,來自銀行倒閉或根本不受信任的國家的移民,在存款之前可能需要與分行的某個人建立關(guān)系。一個了解這種關(guān)系的當(dāng)?shù)胤中薪?jīng)理更有可能得到這項業(yè)務(wù)。)”,由此可知少數(shù)民族銀行職員更容易與來自他祖國的移民建立關(guān)系,因此C選項“他更容易與來自他祖國的移民建立關(guān)系”符合題意。A選項“他會花更多的時間和精力說服客戶把錢存在他的銀行里”;B選項“他更懂得如何維護(hù)銀行的聲譽,贏得客戶的信任”以及D選項“他更了解銀行和客戶之間關(guān)系的重要性”文章都沒有提到,因此C選項正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后兩段“Thefloatingmarketisalittlemicrocosmofthat.Everyday,localsandtouristsperusethestandsandcountersthatjutoutfromtheboats.Thecustomersareallshadesandbackgrounds,andthat’sjustthewaytheislanderslikeit.Thesamecanhappenatoffices.Butit’suptomanagerstoshowtheyvalueideasascreativeasthefloatingmarket.(浮動市場只是其中的一個小縮影。每天,當(dāng)?shù)厝撕陀慰投荚谠敿?xì)考察從船上伸出的看臺和柜臺。顧客的膚色和背景各不相同,這正是島民喜歡的方式。同樣的情況也可能發(fā)生在辦公室。但這取決于管理者如何表現(xiàn)出他們對創(chuàng)意的重視程度,就像浮動市場一樣。)”,由此可知浮動市場的位置不是固定的,它可以發(fā)生在船上,也能在辦公室里發(fā)生,因此C選項“它沒有固定的位置”符合題意。A選項“它銷售來自世界各地的商品”;B選項“這是一個水上市場”以及D選項“它以相當(dāng)?shù)偷膬r格出售商品”文章都沒有提到,因此C選項正確。

9.單選題

Whilesomeofficejobswouldseem()tomanypeople,therearequiteafewjobsthatarestimulating,excitingandsatisfying.

問題1選項

A.hostile

B.tedious

C.fantastic

D.courageous

【答案】B

【解析】hostile敵對的,充滿敵意的;tedious單調(diào)乏味的;fantastic極好的;courageous勇敢的。根據(jù)句意可知,填空處應(yīng)該是和下文提到的刺激,令人興奮和令人滿意相反意義的詞。所以選項B符合句意。

10.翻譯題

(1)如果從狹義上去理解“進(jìn)步”和“人類的狀況”,則人們可以甚為合理地說,人類在過去的一個世紀(jì)中幾乎沒有取得任何的進(jìn)步。(2)全球數(shù)以百萬計的人仍生活在貧困之中,艾滋病正在奪走無數(shù)人的生命,而治愈方法遙遙無期。(3)戰(zhàn)爭和暴力在中東、非洲以及阿富汗持續(xù)不斷。(4)然而,持此狹隘的觀點,則有可能使人無視人類在過去一百年中已取得的顯而易見的巨大進(jìn)步。(5)隨著人類繼續(xù)邁進(jìn)21世紀(jì),較為可取的做法應(yīng)該是全面認(rèn)識人類在過去100年中已經(jīng)取得的成就,并展望人類在下一個世紀(jì)中可能取得的進(jìn)步,而不是對人類今日顯著改善的生存狀況視而不見。

【答案】1.Ifweunderstand“progress”and“thehumancondition”inanarrowsense,itisquitereasonabletosaythatmankindhasmadealmostnoprogressinthepastcentury.

2.MillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldstillliveinpovertyandAIDSiskillingmillionswithnocureinsight.

3.WarandviolencecontinueintheMiddleEast,AfricaandAfghanistan.

4.However,withsuchanarrowview,onewouldignoretheremarkableandhugeprogressthathumanityhasmadeinthepasthundredyears.

5.Ashumanitycontinuestomoveintothe21stcentury,itwouldbepreferabletotakeacomprehensiveviewofwhathasbeenachievedinthepast100yearsandlookforwardtotheprogressthatislikelytobemadeinthenextcentury,ratherthanturningablindeyetotheremarkableimprovementinhumanconditionstoday.

11.單選題

Althoughthemodellooksgoodonthesurface,itwillnotbearclose().

問題1選項

A.temperament

B.contamination

C.scrutiny

D.symmetry

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項temperament“氣質(zhì),性情”;B選項contamination“污染”;C選項scrutiny“詳細(xì)審查,細(xì)看”;D選項symmetry“對稱”。句意:盡管這個模型表面上看起來還不錯,但它經(jīng)不起細(xì)看。選項C符合句意。

12.單選題

Thedirectionwereso()thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

問題1選項

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ingenious“有獨創(chuàng)性的”;ambitious“有野心的”;notorious“臭名昭著的”;ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意:指示太模糊了,不可能完成這項任務(wù)。選項D符合題意。

13.翻譯題

Oncampus,youwillquicklydiscoverthatanimportantpartofthecultureisawillingnesstostayengagedwithproblemsandarguments,tokeeppushingforasharedvocabularyandasharedunderstanding.Youwillencounterapost-Enlightenmentsensibility,underwhichmoreandmorecornersofhumanexperiencearesusceptibletocriticalanalysisanddebate.Fewerandfewerdomainsoflifefeellikemattersofpurelypersonaltaste—chocolateorvanilla—thingsthataretruly“just,like,youropinion.”Andyouwillfindyourselfspendingmanyhours,lateatnightandearlyinthemorning,searchingforthatsharedunderstanding.Andhereyouwilldiscoveroneoftheuniversity’sgreatstrengthsasacommunity.Itdoesn’ttakemuchworktosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisprettymuchlikeyou.Butittakesrealefforttosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisdifferent.Themostprofoundoptimismunderlyinghighereducationtodayisthesimultaneousrecognitionthat,ontheoneband,differencesofview,background,andperspectivearerealandimportant,and,ontheotherhand,peoplewhoholdthosedifferencescancometogetherforfouryearsonabeautifulhilltop,listentooneanotherwithtoleranceandrespect,andengage.

【答案】參考譯文:

在校園,你將很快發(fā)現(xiàn)校園文化的一個重要組成部分,那就是愿意面對問題和爭論,為共享的詞匯和共享的理解而不斷努力。你們將面對后啟蒙時代的感性,在這種感性力量下,人類經(jīng)驗中越來越多的角落容易受到批判性分析和辯論的影響。生活中越來越少的領(lǐng)域感覺像純粹個人品味的事情,例如選擇巧克力味或香草味,這些事情才是真正的“只是你的觀點”。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會為了尋求共享的理解而花很多時間,通宵達(dá)旦。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)大學(xué)作為一個團(tuán)體的偉大力量之一。和一個與你相似的人達(dá)成共同的理解并不需很大的工夫,但是要和一個與你不同的人達(dá)成共識就不是什么容易的事了?,F(xiàn)今的高等教育最值得樂觀的一點是,同時意識到了這兩個方面:一是不同的看法、背景和觀點很重要;二是那些持有不同觀點的人們能相聚在一起,在一個美麗的山頂共處四年,相互容忍,相互尊重和相互影響。

14.寫作題

Inrecentyears,moreandmoreuniversitygraduatesgobacktotheirhometownintheruralareasandworkthereasteachersorvillagePartysecretaries,etC.afterobtainingtheirbachelorormasterdegrees.Somepeoplesaywhattheydogoesagainstconvention.Otherssaytheruralareasaredesperatelyinneedofskilledadministrators.Thenshoulduniversitygraduatesgotoworkinaruralarea?What’syouropinionaboutthisphenomenon?WriteapassageonthetopicIsUniversityGraduates’GoingtoWorkinaRuralAreaaWasteofTalent?inabout200words.YoumustwriteclearlyandlogicallyonyourAnswerSheet.(寫在試題冊上無效。)

IsUniversityGraduates’GoingtoWorkinaRuralAreaAWasteofTalent?

【答案】略。

15.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

世外桃源

陶淵明寫過一篇文章叫《桃花源記》。文中講述了一個漁人出外捕魚時,偶然來到一個叫“桃花源”的地方。從這里的一個山洞穿過去,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個村子。這是一個與世隔絕,沒有壓迫和剝削,人人安居樂業(yè)的美好世界。漁人告別村民回家以后,卻再也找不到這個地方了?,F(xiàn)在人們用這個成語比喻與世隔絕的美好世界。

【答案】TaoYuanmingwroteanarticlecalled“PeachBlossomSpring”.Ittellsastorywhichgoeslikethis:Afishermanhappenedtocomeuponaplacecalled“PeachblossomLand”.Squeezingthroughacave,hefoundavillage.Itwasaparadiseisolatedfromtheoutsideworld,withoutexploitationoroppression,andeverybodylivingandworkinginpeaceandcontentment.Thefishermanleftthevillagersandwenthome.Buthecouldneverfindtheplaceagain.Nowpeopleusethisidiomtomeananisolated,idealworld.

16.單選題

Japanisoneofonlythreecountriesthatnowhuntwhalesand(

)thegovernmentsaysitisanimportantculturaltradition.

問題1選項

A.that

B.which

C.whose

D.where

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法知識。題干中and表示并列關(guān)系,連接兩個并列的定語從句修飾先行詞countries。后一定語從句的主語thegovernment與先行詞countries不等同,并且由于有定冠詞the,所以關(guān)系詞不能是whose,而只能是表地點的關(guān)系副詞where。句意:日本是目前僅有的三個捕鯨國家之一,日本政府表示,捕鯨是一項重要的文化傳統(tǒng)。因此D選項符合題意。

17.單選題

PenguinsdonotsufferfromthecoldinAntarcticabecausetheirfeathers()aprotectiveoil.

問題1選項

A.secrete

B.warm

C.hide

D.absorb

【答案】A

【解析】secrete藏匿,分泌;warm使...溫暖;hide隱藏;absorb吸收,承受。句意:企鵝在南極洲不受寒冷的影響,因為它們的羽毛分泌一種保護(hù)性的油。選項A符合句意。

18.單選題

Hewilllive(

)whathisparentsexpectofhim.

問題1選項

A.on

B.off

C.upto

D.to

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。根據(jù)固定搭配liveupto“不辜負(fù),達(dá)到”,liveon“以……為食”;liveoff“依靠……生活”;liveto“活到……歲”,句子要表達(dá)的意思是“他將不會辜負(fù)父母對他的期望”,因此選項C符合題意。

19.單選題

Inmostcountries,thelawonorgantransplantationispoorlydefined,aslegislationhasnotyetbeencreatedtocopewiththisadvanceinsurgery.Theexistingframeworkrelatingtophysicalassaultandcareofthedeadhasnoprovisionfororgantransplantation.Itiscustomarytoaskthepermissionoftherelatives,butbecauseorganremovalmusttakeplaceimmediatelyafterdeath,itmaybeimpossibletoreachtherelativesintime.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthereshouldbeawidespreadcampaigntoencouragepersonstoprovideintheirwillsthattheirorgansbeusedfortransplantation.Analternativeistoprovidebylawthatpermissionisassumedunlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.SuchlawshavebeenpassedinDenmark,France,Sweden,Italy,andIsrael.Compulsorypostmortemexamination,afarmoreextensiveprocedurethanorganremovalforgrafting,isrequiredinmostcountriesafterunexpecteddeath,andthiscompulsionisnotamatterofpublicconcernanddebate.

Therewouldseemtobenoreasonwhyorganremovalfortransplantationpurposesshouldnotalsobeacceptabletopublicopinion,providedthereisamechanismbywhichindividualsintheirlifetimecanrefusethispermission.This,ofcourse,requiresanefficientregisterofthosewhoindicatetheirrefusal;theregisterwouldbeconsultedbeforeanyorganswouldberemoved.Itisimportantthattherebepublicreassurancethatconsiderationoftransplantationwouldnotimpairnormalresuscitativeeffortsofthepotentialdonor.

Transplantationhasobviouslyraisedimportantethicalconsiderationsconcerningthediagnosisofdeath,andparticularly,howfarresuscitationshouldbecontinued.Everyeffortmustbemadetorestoretheheartbeattosomeonewhohashadasuddencardiacarrestorbreathingtosomeonewhocannotbreathe.Artificialrespirationandmassageoftheheart,thestandardmethodsofresuscitation,arecontinueduntilitisclearthatthebrainisdead.Mostphysiciansconsiderthatbeyondthispointeffortsatresuscitationareuseless.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTasuggestionmadeinthepassage?

3.Theword“impair”attheendofParagraph2canbebestreplacedby(

).

4.Itisbelievedthateffortsatresuscitationareuselesswhen

).

5.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbestsumupthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Mostcountriesdonothaveaneffectivelawonorgantransplantation

B.Thetraditionalwaysofaskingforpermissionofrelativesfororganremovaldosnotprovedtobealwaysfeasible

C.Itishardtounderstandwhypeopleshouldremainsilentoncompulsorypostmortemexamafterunexpecteddeath.

D.Insomecountriesthesearelawsprovidingthatthepermissionoforganremovalistakenforgrantedunlessithasbeenrefusedbythepersoninhislifetime.

問題2選項

A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtodonatetheirorgansafterdeath

B.Organremovalshouldbepermittedinthecourseofcompulsorypostmortemexam.

C.Organremovalfortransplantationshouldbeadvocatedbecauseitbenefitsthehumansociety

D.Organremovalfortransplantationcouldbeconsideredlegalunlessthedeadpersonstatedotherwiseinhislifetime.

問題3選項

A.neglect

B.weaken

C.cometogetherwith

D.besuperiorto

問題4選項

A.artificialrespirationandmassageofthehearthaveyieldednoobviousresult

B.aperson’sheartbeatandbreathhastotallystopped

C.standardmethodsofresuscitationhavefailed

D.thebrainiscertainlydead

問題5選項

A.Legalandethicalproblemsoforgantransplantation

B.Someunderlyingprinciplesonorgantransplantation

C.Thediagnosisofdeathbeforeorgantransplantation

D.Thedifferencebetweencompulsorypostmortemexamandorgantransplantation

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段首句Inmostcountries,thelawonorgantransplantationispoorlydefined,aslegislationhasnotyetbeencreatedtocopewiththisadvanceinsurgery.(在大多數(shù)國家,器官移植的法律定義很不明確,因為尚未制定出針對外科手術(shù)進(jìn)步的立法)可知A選項“大多數(shù)國家沒有關(guān)于器官移植的有效法律”正確;由第一段中的Itiscustomarytoaskthepermissionoftherelatives,butbecauseorganremovalmusttakeplaceimmediatelyafterdeath,itmaybeimpossibletoreachtherelativesintime.(習(xí)慣上要征得親屬的允許,但由于器官的摘除必須在死亡后立即進(jìn)行,可能無法及時聯(lián)系到親屬)可知B選項“傳統(tǒng)的器官摘除請求親屬許可的方法并不總是可行的”正確;由第一段中的Analternativeistoprovidebylawthatpermissionisassumedunlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.SuchlawshavebeenpassedinDenmark,France,Sweden,Italy,andIsrael.(另一種辦法是通過法律規(guī)定,除非個人在一生中禁止摘除,否則必須獲得許可。丹麥、法國、瑞典、意大利和以色列都通過了這樣的法律)可知D選項“在一些國家,這些法律規(guī)定,除非個人在一生中拒絕摘除,否則摘除器官的許可是理所當(dāng)然的”正確。通過排除法排除A、B、D,因此選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Ithasbeensuggestedthatthereshouldbeawidespreadcampaigntoencouragepersonstoprovideintheirwillsthattheirorgansbeusedfortransplantation.(有人建議,應(yīng)開展廣泛的宣傳,鼓勵人們在其遺囑中規(guī)定將其器官用于移植)可知A選項“應(yīng)該鼓勵人們在死后捐獻(xiàn)器官”和C選項“器官移植應(yīng)該提倡,因為它有利于人類社會”正確;由第一段中的Analternativeistoprovidebylawthatpermissionisassumedunlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.(另一種辦法是通過法律規(guī)定,除非個人在一生中禁止摘除,否則必須獲得許可)可知D選項“移植器官的摘除可被視為合法,除非死者在其有生之年另有說明”符合題意。通過排除法排除A、C、D,因此選B。

3.詞義題。neglect意為“忽視,疏忽”;weaken意為“減弱,削弱”;cometogetherwith意為“和……一起”;besuperiorto意為“優(yōu)越于,不受誘惑”。“impair”出現(xiàn)文章第二段“Itisimportantthattherebepublicreassurancethatconsiderationoftransplantationwouldnotimpairnormalresuscitativeeffortsofthepotentialdonor.(重要的是,政府要保證,考慮移植不會……潛在供者的正常復(fù)蘇努力)”中,由此可知B選項最符合邏輯關(guān)系。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中的Artificialrespirationandmassageoftheheart,thestandardmethodsofresuscitation,arecontinueduntilitisclearthatthebrainisdead.Mostphysiciansconsiderthatbeyondthispointeffortsatresuscitationareuseless.(人工呼吸和心臟按摩以及復(fù)蘇的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法一直持續(xù)到腦死亡。大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為除此之外,努力復(fù)蘇是無用的)可知選D。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了器官移植法律和倫理方面的問題,因此選A。

20.單選題

V.CivilandCommercialLaw

Theabsenceofprivityofcontractprecludedapersonfromrecoveringagainstanegligentactorwhocausedthatpersonharm,whereverthenegligentactconstitutedabreachofcontractwithsomeoneelse.TheHouseofLordsinDonoghuev.Stevensonruledthatmanufacturersdidoweadutyofcaretotheultimateconsumernottocreaterisksofharmthroughthemanufacturingprocess.InreachingthisconclusiontheCourtexaminedthespecifickindsofdutieswhichthelawhadimposedinavarietyofsituationsandderivedtherefromageneralprincipleforthelawofnegligence.

InthewordsofLordAtkin:AtpresentIcontentmyselfwithpointingoutthatinEnglishlawtheremustbe,andis,somegeneralconceptionofrelationsgivingrisetoadutyofcare,ofwhichtheparticularcasesfoundinthebooksarebutinstances.Theliabilityfornegligence,whetheryoustyleitsuchortreatitasinothersystemsasaspeciesof“culpa”,isnodoubtbaseduponageneralpublicsentimentofmoralwrongdoingforwhichtheoffendermustpay.Butactsoromissionswhichanymoralcodewouldcensurecannotinapracticalworldbetreatedsoastogivearighttoeverypersoninjuredbythemtodemandrelief.Inthiswayrulesoflawarisewhichlimittherangeofcomplainantsandtheextentoftheirremedy.Therulethatyouaretoloveyourneighborbecomesinlaw,youmustnotinjureyourneighbor;andthelawyer’squestion,whoismyneighbor?receivesarestrictedreply.Youmusttakereasonablecaretoavoidactsoromissionswhichyoucanreasonablyforeseewouldbelikelytoinjureyourneighbor.Who,then,inlawismyneighbor?TheanswerseemstobepersonswhoaresocloselyanddirectlyaffectedbymyactthatIoughtreasonablytohavethemincontemplationasbeingsoaffectedwhenIamdirectingmymindtotheacts

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