考研考博-英語-成都醫(yī)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-成都醫(yī)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

“Humansshouldnottrytoavoidstressanymorethantheywouldshunfood,loveorexercise,”saidDr.HansSelye,thefirstphysiciantodocumenttheeffectsofstressonthebody.Whilehere’sonquestionthatcontinuousstressisharmful,severalstudiessuggestthatchallengingsituationsinwhichyou’reabletorisetotheoccasioncanbegoodforyou.

Ina2001studyof158hospitalnurses,thosewhofacedconsiderableworkdemandsbutcopedwiththechallengeweremorelikelytosaytheywereingoodhealththanthosewhofelttheycouldn’tgetthejobdone.

Stressthatyoucanmanagemayalsoboostimmunefunction.InastudyattheAcademicCenterforDentistryinAmsterdam,researchersputvolunteersthroughtwostressfulexperiences.Inthefirst,atimedtaskthatrequiredmemorizingalistfollowedbyashorttest,subjectsbelievedtheyhadcontrolovertheoutcome.Inthesecond,theyweren'tincontrol:Theyhadtositthroughagory(血淋淋的)videoonsurgicalprocedures.ThosewhodidwellonthememorytesthadanincreaseinlevelsofimmunoglobulinA,anantibodythat’sthebody’firstlineofdefenseagainstgerms.Thevideo-watchersexperiencedadownturnintheantibody.

Stresspromptsthebodytoproducecertainstresshormones.Inshortburststhesehormoneshaveapositiveeffect,includingimprovingmemoryfunction.“Theycanhelpnervecellshandleinformationandputitintostorage,”saysDr.BruceMcEwenofRockefellerUniversityinNewYork.Butinthelongrunthesehormonescanhaveaharmfuleffectonthebodyandbrain.

‘'Sustainedstressisnotgoodforyou,”saysRichardMorimoto,aresearcheratNorthwesternUniversityinIllinoisstudyingtheeffectsofstressonlongevity.“It’stheoccasionalburstofstressorbriefexposuretostressthatcouldbeprotective.”

1.Thepassageismainlyabout（

）.

2.Theword“shun’’(LineI,Para.1)mostprobablymean

（

）.

3.Wecanconcludefromthestudyofthe158nursesin2001that

（

）.

4.IntheexperimentdescribedinParagraph3，thevideo-watchersexperiencedadownturnintheantibodybecause

（

）.

5.Dr.BruceMcEwenofRockefellerUniversitybelievesthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thebenefitsofmanagementstress

B.howtoavoidstressfulsituations

C.howtocopewithstresseffectively

D.theeffectsofstresshormonesonmemory

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.cutdownon

B.stayawayfrom

C.runoutof

D.putupwith

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.peopleunderstresstendtohaveapoormemory

B.peoplewhocan’tgettheirjobdoneexperiencemorestress

C.doingchallengingworkmaybegoodforone’shealth

D.stresswillweakenthebody’sdefenseagainstgerms

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thevideowasnotenjoyableatall

B.theoutcomewasbeyondtheircontrol

C.theyknewlittleaboutsurgicalprocedures

D.theyfeelnopressurewhilewatchingthevideo

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.aperson’smemoryisdeterminedbythelevelofhormonesinhisbody

B.stresshormoneshavelastingpositiveeffectsonthebrain

C.shortburstsofstresshormonesenhancememoryfunction

D.aperson’smemoryimproveswithcontinuedexperienceofstress.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“這篇文章主要講述了……”。文章的中心句是第一段第二句話“雖然持續(xù)的壓力是有害的，但有幾項(xiàng)研究表明，你能夠應(yīng)付的具有挑戰(zhàn)性的情況對人是有好處的”（Whilehere’sonquestionthatcontinuousstressisharmful,severalstudiessuggestthatchallengingsituationsinwhichyou’reabletorisetotheoccasioncanbegoodforyou），接下來圍繞這個(gè)中心句闡述，因此選項(xiàng)A“壓力管理的好處”符合題意。

2.詞義題。題目問的是“單詞shun的意思是……”。文章第一段第一句提到“人類不應(yīng)該像躲避食物，愛情或鍛煉那樣去逃避壓力”（Humansshouldnottrytoavoidstressanymorethantheywouldshunfood,loveorexercise），根據(jù)anymorethan可知shun與avoid是同義詞，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“從2001年對158護(hù)士的研究中，我們可以得出……”。文章第二段提到相比那些感覺自己不能應(yīng)付大量工作額護(hù)士，能應(yīng)付大量工作的護(hù)士更有可能說自己身體健康，由此可知選項(xiàng)C“做具有挑戰(zhàn)性工作可能對身體健康有益”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“在第三段描述的試驗(yàn)中，視頻觀看者經(jīng)歷抗體下降的原因是……”。文章第三段提到在第二個(gè)試驗(yàn)中，他們無法控制結(jié)果（Inthesecond,theyweren'tincontrol），選項(xiàng)B“結(jié)果超過控制”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“Rockefeller大學(xué)的布魯斯認(rèn)為……”。文章第四段第二句話提到“這些荷爾蒙在短時(shí)間內(nèi)有正面效應(yīng)，包括提高記憶力”（Inshortburststhesehormoneshaveapositiveeffect,includingimprovingmemoryfunction），所以選項(xiàng)C“短時(shí)間內(nèi)的壓力荷爾蒙能對身體或人的大腦帶來傷害”符合題意。

2.單選題

Whilehewasclimbingthehighmountain,hehadhisleg____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.broke

B.break

C.broken

D.breaking

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間的關(guān)系。此句中的had為使役動(dòng)詞，其后的賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間的關(guān)系是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，根據(jù)英語語法，此處應(yīng)用過去分詞。本句句意：他在爬那座高山時(shí)，摔斷了腿。

3.單選題

Thehistoricmeetingofthepresidentsofthesetwocountrieswillgreatlypromote___relationshipandcooperationatalllevels.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bilateral

B.benign

C.significant

D.fundamental

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)bilateral“雙邊的；有兩邊的”；B選項(xiàng)benign“良性的；和藹的，親切的；吉利的”；C選項(xiàng)significant“重大的；有效的；有意義的；值得注意的；意味深長的”；D選項(xiàng)fundamental“基本的，根本的”。句意：兩國元首的歷史性會晤將有力地推動(dòng)雙邊的關(guān)系和各層次合作。結(jié)合句意，A為正確答案。

4.單選題

Hundredsofchickensareraisedinthe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposure

B.enclosure

C.closure

D.pressure

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exposure“暴露；曝光”；B選項(xiàng)enclosure“附件；圍墻”；C選項(xiàng)closure“關(guān)閉；終止”；D選項(xiàng)pressure“壓力；壓迫”。句意：……里養(yǎng)了數(shù)百只小雞。句中所說的是圈養(yǎng)小雞，所以會需要一堵圍墻。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

AlanChangwasahandsomeyoungmanwithgoodmanners.

Onemorninghewaswalkingalongastreetonhiswaytoanappointment.Hedidnotwanttobeearlyorlate.Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatchsohewentuptoamanwhowaswaitingforataxi.

“Excuseme,sir,”hesaid,verypolitely,“butcouldyoutellmethetime?”

Theman,whowasverywell-dressedandlookedquiterich,saidnothing.HedidnotevenlookatAlan.

Alanspoketohimagain.“Excuseme,sir,”hesaid,“butcouldyoupleasetellmewhattimeis?”

Thistimethemanlookedathim,buthedidnotspeakandlookedquicklyaway.

Alanthoughttohimself:Well,he’snotdeaf.Hemustbejustrude.

“Whywon’tyoutellmethetime,sir?”hedemanded.

Themanturnedtowardshimandsaid,“Trytounderstandme,Iamstandingherewaitingforataxi.Youcomeuptomeandaskmeforthetime.IfItellittoyou,youwillthankme.Iwillsay,‘That’sallright.’Youmaythensay,‘It’sabeautifulday,’towhichImayreply‘Yes,Ilikethesesunnywinterdays.’Beforeweknowwhatishappeningwehaveafriendlyconversation.Youareapleasant,politeyoungmanandsowhenmytaxicomes,Iofferyouaride.Youaccept.Wetalk.Ilikeyou.Youlikeme.Iinviteyoutomyhome.Youmeetmydaughter.Sheisaveryprettygirl.Youareagood-lookingman.Youlikeeachother.Soonyoufallinlove.Youwanttomarry.Nowdoyouunderstandmyproblem?”

Alanshookhishead.

“Nosir,I’msorry,Idon’t.Everythingyouhavesaidseemsverynaturaltome.”

“Exactly,”themansaid,“andIdonotwantmydaughtertomarryamanwhoistoopoortobuyawatch.Goodmorningtoyou,”andwiththesewordshehurriedaway.

1.WhydidAlanaskthemanwhattimeitwas?

2.WhatdidAlanthinkthemanwaswhenhewouldnottellhimthetime?

3.Whydidn’tthemantellAlanthetime?

4.WhatkindofamandidthemanconsiderAlanChang?

5.Whatisthestoryreallyabout?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hewaslate.

B.Hewasearly.

C.Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatch.

D.Hewantedtomeettheman’sdaughter.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.deaf

C.stupid

D.unabletospeakEnglish

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Hedidnotknowit.

B.Hedidnothaveawatch.

C.HethoughtAlanwasathief.

D.HedidnotwanttospeaktoAlan.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.athief

B.apoorman

C.acheat

D.arichman

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.tellingthetime

B.beingrudetopeople

C.notspeakingtostrangers

D.onethingleadingtoanother

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段第三句Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatchsohewentuptoamanwhowaswaitingforataxi（他忘了戴表，所以走到一個(gè)正在等出租車的人面前）可知C選項(xiàng)“他忘了戴表”正確。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第七段Alanthoughttohimself:Well,he’snotdeaf.Hemustbejustrude（艾倫心想：嗯，他不是聾子。他一定只是沒有禮貌）可知，A選項(xiàng)“粗魯?shù)?，無禮的”正確。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第九段至末尾可知，“那個(gè)男人”不想讓女兒嫁給Alan，因此不想跟他說話，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。A、B、C選項(xiàng)在本文中均未被提及。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由最后一段中的Idonotwantmydaughtertomarryamanwhoistoopoortobuyawatch（我不希望我的女兒嫁給一個(gè)窮得連手表都買不起的人）可知Alan被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)窮人，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章講述了Alan向路人打聽時(shí)間，路人卻想象了“Alan會跟他相談甚歡，然后他邀請Alan搭便車，之后邀請Alan去他家，Alan見到了他的女兒并與他女兒陷入愛河”等一系列事情，因此D選項(xiàng)“一件事引發(fā)另一件事”符合題意。

6.單選題

LastThursday,theFrenchSenatepassedadigitalservicestax,whichwouldimposeanentirelynewtaxonlargemultinationalsthatprovidedigitalservicestoconsumersorusersinFrance.Digitalservicesincludeeverythingfromprovidingaplatformforsellinggoodsandservicesonlinetotargetingadvertisingbasedonuserdata,andthetaxappliestogrossrevenuefromsuchservices.ManyFrenchpoliticiansandmediaoutletshavereferredtothisasa"GAFAtax,"meaningthatitisdesignedtoapplyprimarilytocompaniessuchasGoogle,Apple,FacebookandAmazon—inotherwords,multinationaltechcompaniesbasedintheUnitedStates.

ThedigitalservicestaxnowawaitsthesignatureofPresidentEmmanuelMacron,whohasexpressedsupportforthemeasure,anditcouldgointoeffectwithinthenextfewweeks.Butithasalreadysparkedsignificantcontroversy,withtheUniteSatestraderepresentativeopeninganinvestigationintowhetherthetaxdiscriminatesagainstAmericancompanies,whichinturncouldleadtotradesanctionsagainstFrance.

TheFrenchtaxisnotjustaunilateralmovebyonecountryinneedofrevenue.Instead,thedigitalservicestaxispartofamuchlargertrend,withcountriesoverthepastfewyearsproposingorputtinginplaceanalphabetsoupofnewinternationaltaxprovisions.ThesehaveincludedBritain'sDPT(divertedprofitstax),Australia'sMAAL(multinationalanti-avoidancelaw),andIndia'sSEP(significanteconomicpresence)test,tonamebutafew.Atthesametime,theEuropeanUnion,Spain,Britainandseveralothercountrieshaveallseriouslycontemplateddigitalservicestaxes.

Theseunilateraldevelopmentsdifferintheirspecifics,buttheyarealldesignedtotaxmultinationalsonincomeandrevenuethatcountriesbelievetheyshouldhavearighttotax,evenifinternationaltaxrulesdonotgrantthemthatright.Inotherwords,theyallshareaviewthattheinternationaltaxsystemhasfailedtokeepupwiththecurrenteconomy.

Inresponsetothesemanyunilateralmeasures,theOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)iscurrentlyworkingwith131countriestoreachaconsensusbytheendof2020onaninternationalsolution.BothFranceandtheUnitedStatesareinvolvedintheorganization'swork,butFrance'sdigitalservicestaxandtheAmericanresponseraisequestionsaboutwhatthefutureholdsfortheinternationaltaxsystem.

France'splannedtaxisaclearwarning:Unlessabroadconsensuscanbereachedonreformingtheinternationaltaxsystem,othernationsarelikelytofollowsuit,andAmericancompanieswillfaceacascadeofdifferenttaxesfromdozensofnationsthatwillproveburdensomeandcostly.

1.TheFrenchSenatehaspassedabillto（

）.

2.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatthedigitalservicestax（

）.

3.Thecountriesadoptingtheunilateralmeasuressharetheopinionthat（

）.

4.ItcanbelearnedfromPara5thattheOECO'scurrentwork（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthistext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.regulatedigitalservicesplatforms

B.protectFrenchcompanies'interests

C.imposealevyontechmultinationals

D.curbtheinfluenceofadvertising

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.maytriggercountermeasuresagainstFrance

B.isapttoarousecriticismathomeandabroad

C.aimstoeaseinternationaltradetensions

D.willpromptthetechgiantstoquitFrance

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.redistributionoftechgiants'revenuemustbeensured

B.thecurrentinternationaltaxsystemneedsupgrading

C.techmultinationals'monopolyshouldbeprevented

D.allcountriesoughttoenjoyequaltaxingrights

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isbeingresistedbyUScompanies

B.needstobereadjustedimmediately

C.isfacedwithuncertainprospects

D.needstoininvolvemorecountries

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.FranceIsConfrontedwithTradeSanctions

B.FranceleadsthechargeonDigitalTax

C.FranceSays"NO"toTechMultinationals

D.FranceDemandsaRoleintheDigitalEconomy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干直接定位到第一段第一句話adigitalservicestax,whichwouldimposeanentirelynewtaxonlargemultinationalsthatprovidedigitalservices...選項(xiàng)C中的“l(fā)evy”和“tax”同義復(fù)現(xiàn)；“techmultinationals”和“digitalservices”同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。因此C為正確答案，其余選項(xiàng)均未體現(xiàn)。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段，第二段第二句話：這已經(jīng)引起了巨大的反抗，反過來也會導(dǎo)致針對法國的貿(mào)易制裁，和選項(xiàng)A相一致，其中選項(xiàng)中的“trigger”和原文的“l(fā)eadto”同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，“sanction”和“countermeasure”同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。其余選項(xiàng)均未體現(xiàn)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段最后一句話：他們都認(rèn)為國際稅收體系并未跟上當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢。選項(xiàng)B“目前的國際稅收體系需要升級”是該句話的反義復(fù)現(xiàn)。其余選項(xiàng)均為體現(xiàn)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第五段最后一句話：對于國際稅收體系的未來充滿疑慮和選項(xiàng)C相一致。其中選項(xiàng)中的“uncertain”和原文中的“raisequestions”同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，“prospects”和原文中的“future”同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。

5.主旨題。題干中的title為標(biāo)題題的信息，所以此題考查的是文章的主旨大意。B選項(xiàng)里的tax是貫穿全文的主旨詞；而文章以法國對數(shù)字服務(wù)征稅為起點(diǎn)，全文描寫了包括法國在內(nèi)的其他國家對全球稅收系統(tǒng)的擔(dān)憂，因此選項(xiàng)B和文章的主旨相符合。剩余選項(xiàng)均未能體現(xiàn)文章關(guān)鍵詞和全文主旨。

7.單選題

Eventhoughyoumaybeexcitedaboutrelocating,youmaystillmournthelossofafamiliarhome,wayoflife,familyandfriendsleftbehind.“Underestimatingtheemotionalimpactofmovingisthebiggestmistakepeoplemake,”saysPatriciaNida,Psychologistandrelocationconsultant.“Peoplethinkthereissomethingwrongwiththemiftheycan’tcopewiththeemotionalupheavalofmoving.Theydon’trealizeit’snormal.”WhenSheilamovedfromOregontoCalifornia,ittookhernearlyayeartofeelrootedinhernewcommunity.Thentwoyearslater,thefamilymovedbacktoOregon.Whenwecameback,Icouldn’tgetusedtothem.Eachtimewemoved,IfeltlikeIlostapartofmyself.”

“Althougheveryonewhomovesfeelsthislossofidentitytosomeextent,it’susuallymostdisastrousforanon-workingwife”,saysDr.Seidenberg,clinicalprofessorofpsychiatry.“Heridentity,”sayshe,“stemsfromheractivitiesandthetiestothecommunity.Relocatingwipesitallout.Everytimeshemoves,shehastore-establishhercredentials.”“Youcopebyreachingoutandfindingactivitiesandpeoplethatinterestyou,”addsEileenKirsh,aveteranoffourspouse-job-relatedmoves.“Ifyouarelucky,youmeetsomeonecompatible.”

Don’tavoidsayinggoodbye.Itmayseemeasieratthetime,butinthelongrun,itcancreateagreatersenseofloss.Resistthetemptationtosevertieswithyouroldneighborhood.Maintainrelationships.Allowyourselftogothroughtheemotionsassociatedwithmoving,withoutcriticism.Whenyouacquireyournewlivingquarters,introduceyourselftoyournewneighbors.Writeaheadtoyournewhouseofworshipandcommunityorganizationsforinformationonactivitiesandservices.Whenyoufinallymovein,youwillfeelmoreapartofthenewcommunity.Establishfamilytraditionsthatmovewithyou.Doingthingstogetherasafamilymakesyoufeelathome,nomatterwhereyoulive.

Movingisadifficultexperience,butitalsohasmanyadvantages.Psychologistssayitstimulatesgrowth,makesusadaptable,broadensourscopeandgivesustheopportunitytomakenewfriendsandenjoynewexperiences.Asanationandasindividuals,wearestrengthenedbyourpioneerspirit.Andifwecansaveonwearandtear-allthebetter.

13.Whenpeoplemove,they____.

14.Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.

15.Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.

16.Housewivesaretheworstsufferersfromrelocatingbecausethey____.

17.Theauthoradvisesthereadertotakethingseasyby____.

18.Inconclusion,theauthorproposesthatpeopleshould____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makethebiggestmistake

B.minimizetheirlosses

C.havemixedfeelings

D.areintrouble

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.uplift

B.violence

C.approval

D.turbulence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlife

B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledown

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmoving

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.havetofindtheiridentityagain

B.don’tknowhowtomakenewfriends

C.feelitdifficulttogetusedtodifferentclimate

D.havetomovewhentheirhusbandsgetnewjobs

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.keepingthefamilytradition

B.cuttingtieswiththeoldlivingquarters

C.movingaheadoftimetothenewresidence

D.resistingthetemptationtoshowemotion

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.movemorefrequentlyiftheycan

B.learntobepositiveaboutmoving

C.beeconomicalwhentheymove

D.carryonthepioneerspiritandmovetotheWest

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】13.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whenpeoplemove,they____.當(dāng)人們搬家時(shí)，他們____。

A.makethebiggestmistakeA.犯最大的錯(cuò)誤

B.minimizetheirlossesB.減少/小看他們的損失

C.havemixedfeelingsC.心情復(fù)雜

D.areintroubleD.有麻煩

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞peoplemove定位到原文第1段，本段第1句說“即使你可能對搬遷感到興奮（beexcited），你可能仍然會為失去一個(gè)熟悉的家、生活方式、家人和朋友而悲傷（mournthelossof）?！币虼?，C選項(xiàng)“心情復(fù)雜”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“犯最大的錯(cuò)誤”，定位到第1段第2句，PatriciaNida說“低估搬家的情感影響是人們犯的最大錯(cuò)誤”，此處有上下文限制，這句話表達(dá)的是，“低估搬家的情感影響”是人們在被搬家時(shí)犯的最大的錯(cuò)誤；而該選項(xiàng)“犯最大的錯(cuò)誤”沒有語境限制，表達(dá)的是“搬家時(shí)人們犯的最大的錯(cuò)誤”，因此，該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于偷換概念；

B選項(xiàng)“減少/小看他們的損失”，原文說的是“低估搬家的情感影響”，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于過度推理；

D選項(xiàng)“有麻煩”，原文雖然說搬家很困難，但最后一段第1句也說“搬家是一種艱難的經(jīng)歷，但它也有很多好處（manyadvantages）。”該選項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確，屬于推理過度。

14.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.第1段中的“upheaval”一詞的意思最接近于____。

A.upliftA.提高，增長；抬起；振奮

B.violenceB.暴力；激烈

C.approvalC.批準(zhǔn)；贊成

D.turbulenceD.騷亂，動(dòng)蕩

【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯推測題。

【解題思路】

1）句中前后信息銜接：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Para.1和upheaval定位到原文第1段第3句，該句說到“如果人們不能應(yīng)對搬家?guī)淼那榫w____（theemotionalupheavalofmoving），他們就會認(rèn)為自己有問題（somethingwrongwiththem）?！庇纱丝芍?，upheaval是個(gè)名詞，是搬家所引起的一種情緒上的變化，并且根據(jù)人們認(rèn)為處理不好就是自己有問題這一點(diǎn)可推斷，這種情緒變化是負(fù)面的。因此，D選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)蕩”，emotionalturbulence“情緒波動(dòng)”符合題意。

2）上下文語義銜接：本段最后3句通過舉例對此進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步說明。Sheila從Oregon（俄勒岡州）搬到California（加利福尼亞），花了很長時(shí)間適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境；又搬回俄勒岡州時(shí)，也無法適應(yīng)。她說“每次搬家，我都覺得自己好像失去了一部分（lostapartofmyself）?！庇纱丝芍?，這是搬家?guī)淼那榫w變化，也可推測出D選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)蕩”，emotionalturbulence“情緒波動(dòng)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“（情緒）振奮”，不符合負(fù)面的情感基調(diào)；

B選項(xiàng)“暴力；激烈”，原文沒有依據(jù)；

C選項(xiàng)“批準(zhǔn)；贊成”，不符合負(fù)面的情感基調(diào)。

15.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多人____。

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlifeA.恥于對生活多愁善感

B.缺失B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledownC.花數(shù)年時(shí)間決定在哪里定居

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmovingD.往往看不到搬家的好處

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Researchers和manypeople來解題，原文有2處地方提到了研究人員的發(fā)現(xiàn)。第1處，第1段第2-3句心理學(xué)家PatriciaNida的發(fā)現(xiàn)“如果人們不能應(yīng)對（can’tcopewith）搬家?guī)淼那榫w波動(dòng)，他們就會認(rèn)為自己有問題（somethingwrongwiththem）?！庇纱丝芍?，人們認(rèn)為搬家?guī)淼那榫w波動(dòng)是不正常的，不應(yīng)該有的，A選項(xiàng)“恥于對生活多愁善感”表述符合原文。第2處，第2段精神病學(xué)臨床教授Seidenberg醫(yī)生的發(fā)現(xiàn)“盡管每個(gè)搬家的人都會多多少少感受到這種身份的喪失（thislossofidentity），但對于不工作的妻子來說，這通常是最糟糕的”，該發(fā)現(xiàn)與本題選項(xiàng)無關(guān)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)缺失；

C選項(xiàng)“花數(shù)年時(shí)間決定在哪里定居”，原文并未提及，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“往往看不到搬家的好處”，原文雖然說了搬家有很多好處，但并沒有說人們沒有看到搬家的好處，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

16.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Housewivesaretheworstsufferersfromrelocatingbecausethey____.家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大，因?yàn)樗齻僟___。

A.havetofindtheiridentityagainA.要重新找到自己的身份

B.don’tknowhowtomakenewfriendsB.不知道如何結(jié)交新朋友

C.feelitdifficulttogetusedtodifferentclimateC.覺得適應(yīng)不同的氣候很困難

D.havetomovewhentheirhusbandsgetnewjobsD.丈夫找了新工作就不得不搬家

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Housewives和theworstsufferersfromrelocating可定位到原文第2段。本段提到“精神病學(xué)臨床教授Seidenberg醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管每個(gè)搬家的人都會多多少少感受到這種身份的喪失（thislossofidentity），但對于沒有工作的妻子（anon-workingwife）來說，這通常是最糟糕的（mostdisastrous）。她的身份（Heridentity）來自于她的活動(dòng)和與社區(qū)的聯(lián)系，搬家將這一切都抹去了。每次搬家，她都得重新建立自己的資歷（re-establishhercredentials）?！庇纱丝芍?，家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大，因?yàn)锳選項(xiàng)“要重新找到自己的身份”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“不知道如何結(jié)交新朋友”，原文并未提及，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“覺得適應(yīng)不同的氣候很困難”，原文并未提及，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“丈夫找了新工作就不得不搬家”，原文是在介紹EileenKirsh的身份時(shí)提到了她四次因配偶和工作而搬家（fourspouse-job-relatedmoves），而不是解釋為什么家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念。

17.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthoradvisesthereadertotakethingseasyby____.作者建議讀者通過____放輕松。

A.keepingthefamilytraditionA.保持家庭傳統(tǒng)

B.cuttingtieswiththeoldlivingquartersB.切斷了與舊住宅區(qū)鄰居的聯(lián)系

C.movingaheadoftimetothenewresidenceC.提前搬到新居

D.resistingthetemptationtoshowemotionD.抵制表露情感的誘惑

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞advisesthereadertotakethingseasy定位到原文第3段。本段最后兩句說到“建立（Establishfamilytraditions）跟隨你一起移動(dòng)的家庭傳統(tǒng)。一家人一起做事讓你有家的感覺（makesyoufeelathome），無論你住在哪里?！庇纱丝芍?，一家人一起做事讓人有家的感覺，所以A選項(xiàng)“保持家庭傳統(tǒng)”可以減輕搬家?guī)淼那榫w波動(dòng)，讓人放松，符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“切斷了與舊住宅區(qū)鄰居的聯(lián)系”，可定位到第3段第3句，該句說到“抵制與老鄰居斷絕關(guān)系的誘惑”，由此可知，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該與老鄰居保持聯(lián)系，與選項(xiàng)表述相反，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“提前搬到新居”，原文并未提及，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“抵制表露情感的誘惑”，原文所說的要抵制的誘惑是“切斷與老鄰居的聯(lián)系”，而不是“表露情感”，并且本段第1句說到“不要避免說再見”，即要表露情感，該選項(xiàng)屬于

反向干擾。

18.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inconclusion,theauthorproposesthatpeopleshould____.總結(jié)時(shí)作者建議人們應(yīng)該____。

A.movemorefrequentlyiftheycanA.盡可能地頻繁搬家

B.learntobepositiveaboutmovingB.學(xué)會積極地看待搬家

C.beeconomicalwhentheymoveC.他們搬家時(shí)要節(jié)約

D.carryonthepioneerspiritandmovetotheWestD.發(fā)揚(yáng)開拓精神，向西部進(jìn)發(fā)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Inconclusion可定位到原文最后一段。本段提到，搬家雖然很困難，但也有很多好處（manyadvantages），并進(jìn)行了列舉；倒數(shù)第2句提到，“作為一個(gè)國家和一個(gè)人，開拓精神都使我們更加強(qiáng)大”。前文都在提搬家的難處，最后一段卻提到了搬家的好處，以及開拓精神會讓我們強(qiáng)大，因此，作者是希望讀者積極地看待搬家這件事，B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)會積極地看待搬家”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“盡可能地頻繁搬家”，原文雖然說搬家有很多好處，但這并不意味著要頻繁地搬家，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“他們搬家時(shí)要節(jié)約”，最后一句說“如果我們能節(jié)省損耗（saveonwearandtear），那就更好了?！痹氖钦f最好要節(jié)約，并且只是最后一段一小點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)揚(yáng)開拓精神，向西部進(jìn)發(fā)”，原文雖然提到了開拓精神，但并不是說要向西部進(jìn)發(fā)，該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推理。

8.單選題

ThekeywordsFranciswroteonthebackofanoldletter,“TheStarSpangledBanner''becamethenational（）oftheUnitedStates.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.song

B.hymn

C.anthem

D.motto

【答案】A

【解析】句意:弗朗西斯在一封舊信的背面寫下的關(guān)鍵詞“星條旗之歌”后來成為了美國的國歌。

考查名詞辨析。song歌曲;hymn贊美詩;anthem圣歌，頌歌；motto座右銘。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A符合句意。

9.翻譯題

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday’smediaandtechnologybrawl-iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,Windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD-wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it’sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit’sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.

Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfo-techisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday’sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn’texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It’snosurprise,ofcourse.

Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision’sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofitinfrontofpeople—over100channelsinmanyhomes—andpeoplewillwatchmore.

Seenfromthisperspective,thelatestannouncementsofnewTV-relatedtechnologylooksimplylikeadditionalwaystoputmoreTVinfrontofAmericanconsumer.ThesupposedthreatfromtheInternetwasthatwe’dcutbackonTVaswespentmoretimeonMySpaceorinSecondLife.WemaywellspendmoretimeonsuchnewNetattractions,butwe’reunlikelytotakethattimeawayfromvideoviewing.We’remorelikelytocutbackonthingsweconsiderlessimportant,likesleep.

NoonehasevaluatedTVbetterthanthegreatNewYorkeressayistE.BWhite,whoin1938wrote,“Weshallstandorfallbytelevision,ofthatIamsure.”Westilldon’tknowwhichitwillbe,buthisassessmentlookstruerthanever.

【答案】當(dāng)你試圖弄清楚消費(fèi)者信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向，以及它對社會的意義時(shí)，請記住一個(gè)重要的中心事實(shí):人們只是想看更多的電視節(jié)目。

索尼在最近的消費(fèi)電子展上推出了大量可以在電視機(jī)上播放互聯(lián)網(wǎng)視頻的產(chǎn)品，幾乎所有其他消費(fèi)電子產(chǎn)品公司都是如此。

自從處理器功率和帶寬穩(wěn)步增長的基本事實(shí)變得明顯以來，預(yù)言家們就自信地預(yù)測到了這一天。

而事實(shí)恰恰相反。盡管有許多網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代的替代品，但是我們美國人今天比以往任何時(shí)候都看更多無聊的老電視，這說明了一些問題。

沒有人比偉大的紐約客散文家E，B懷特更好地評估了電視，他在1938年寫到“我確信我們的成敗將系于電視”。

10.單選題

Noreferencebook,perhapsnobookofanykindexcepttheBible,issowidelyusedas“thedictionary”.Evenhousesthathavefewbooksornoneatallpossessatleastonedictionary;mostbusinessofficeshavedictionaries,andmosttypistskeepacopyontheirdesks;atonetimeoranothermostgirlsandboysarerequiredbytheirteacherstoobtainanduseadictionary.

Admittedly,thedictionaryisoftenusedmerelytodeterminethecorrectspellingofwords,ortofindouttheacceptedpronunciation,andsuchauseisperhapsnotthemostimportantfromanintellectualpointofview.Dictionariesmay,however,havesocialimportance,foritisoftenamatterofsomeconcerntothepersonusingthedictionaryforsuchpurposesthatheshouldnotsuggesttoothers,bymisspellingawordinaletter,ormispronouncingitinconversation,thatheisnot“well-bred”,andhasnotbeenwelleducated.

Yet,despitethisfamiliaritywithdictionary,theaveragepersonislikelytohavemanywrongideasaboutit,andlittleideaofhowtouseitprofitably,orinterpretitrightly.Forexample,itisoftenbelievedthatthemerepresenceofawordinadictionaryisevidencethatitisacceptableingoodwriting.Thoughmostdictionarieshaveasystemofmarkingwordsasobsolete,orinuseonlyasslang,manypeople,moreespeciallyiftheiruseofaparticularwordhasbeenchallenged,arelikelytoconclude,iftheyfinditinadictionary,thatitisacceptedasbeingusedbywritersofestablishedreputation.Thiswouldcertainlyhavebeentrueofdictionariesahundredyearsorsoago.Foralongtimeaftertheywerefirstfirmlyestablishedintheeighteenthcentury,theiraimwastoincludeonlywhatwasusedbythebestwriters,andallelsewassuppressed,andthecompilerfrequentlyclaimedthatthisdictionarycontained“l(fā)ow”words.Apparentlythisaspectofthedictionaryachievedsuchimportanceinthemindoftheaveragepersonthatmostpeopletodaywereunawareofthegreatchangethathastakenplaceinthecompilationofpresent-daydictionaries.

Similarly,theordinarymaninvariablysupposesthatonedictionaryisasgoodandauthoritativeasanother,and,moreover,believesthat“thedictionary”hasabsoluteauthority,andquotesittoclincharguments.Althoughthisisanadvantage,inthatthedictionarypresentsadefinitionthebasicmeaningofwhichcan’tbealteredbythespeaker,yetitcouldbea