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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-德宏師范高等專科學(xué)??荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Becausethedemandofcoaldecreased,manyminersbecame().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indignant

B.extraneous

C.immaterial

D.redundant

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indignant“憤憤不平的”;B選項(xiàng)extraneous“外來(lái)的;沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)的”;C選項(xiàng)immaterial“非物質(zhì)的;無(wú)形的;不重要的;非實(shí)質(zhì)的”;D選項(xiàng)redundant“多余的,過(guò)剩的;被解雇的,失業(yè)的;冗長(zhǎng)的”。句意:因?yàn)槊禾康男枨笙陆?,所以很多煤礦工人變得失業(yè)。結(jié)合句意,判斷出選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.單選題

I(

)severalinterestingfactsaboutMexicointhatbook.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cameto

B.cameinto

C.cameover

D.cameacross

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我在那本書(shū)中無(wú)意發(fā)現(xiàn)了有關(guān)墨西哥的幾個(gè)有趣的事實(shí)。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的過(guò)去式。cometo想起,共計(jì),蘇醒,來(lái)到;comeinto進(jìn)入,得到(財(cái)產(chǎn));come過(guò)來(lái),順便來(lái)訪,抓?。籧omeacross偶遇,無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn),講得清楚明白。由關(guān)鍵信息“severalinterestingfactsaboutMexico”可知D符合句意。

3.單選題

Evidencecameup()specificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungassixmonthsold.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意:有證據(jù)表明,嬰兒在6個(gè)月大時(shí)就能識(shí)別特定的語(yǔ)音。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境,comeup意為“發(fā)生;出現(xiàn)”,則后文不接賓語(yǔ),此外空格后是完整的句子,因此,后文是充當(dāng)evidence的同位語(yǔ),則C項(xiàng)that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。因此C為正確答案。

4.翻譯題

在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物尚未走俏的時(shí)候,在空調(diào)、個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)、視頻游戲、英特網(wǎng)、手機(jī)、克隆技術(shù)、基因工程,以及其他一堆使這個(gè)人造世界越發(fā)誘人的發(fā)明出現(xiàn)之前,有人就表現(xiàn)出了憂慮。人造世界是為我們而建造的。它用美味佳肴供我們充饑,用精神糧食滋養(yǎng)我們的心靈。它給我們提供庇護(hù),不受疾患和不適的侵害。它告知天下我們是如何聰穎;它滿足了我們的虛榮,蜷縮在由鋼鐵和混凝土,硅以及塑料構(gòu)筑的泡沫世界里,我們可以假裝在駕馭這個(gè)星球。

與之形成鮮明對(duì)照的是,自然世界的產(chǎn)生不是為了我們的舒適和方便。它在數(shù)十億年前就存在了,而人類的誕生則是在數(shù)十億年之后的事,但自然界的壽命卻要比人類更長(zhǎng)久。自然界嘲笑我們的虛榮,因?yàn)樗搅宋覀儗?duì)它的理解和控制。

【答案】【參考譯文】Somepeoplevoicedtheseworriesbeforethetriumphofonlineshoppingandbeforetheadventofair-conditioning,personalcomputers,videogames,theInternet,cellphones,cloningtechnology,geneticengineeringandaslewofotherinventionsthathavemadetheartificialworldevermoreseductive.Theartificialworldismadeforus.Itfeedsourbelliesandmindswithtastypabulum;itsheltersusfromdiscomfortandsickness;itproclaimsouringenuity;itflattersourpride.Snuginsidebubblesfashionedfromconcreteandsteel,fromsiliconandplasticandwords,wecanpretendwearerunningtheplanet.

Bycontrast,thenaturalworldwasnotmadeforourcomfortorconvenience.Itprecedesusbysomebillionsofyears,andhumanbeingcomesintobeingbillionsofyearslater,butthenaturalworldwilloutlastus;itmocksourpride,becauseitsurpassesourunderstandingandcontrol.

5.單選題

Whenyouprepareforyourspeech,besuretocite()qualifiedsourcesofinformationandexamples.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unbiased

B.manipulated

C.distorted

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。Unbiased公正的,無(wú)偏見(jiàn)的;manipulated熟練控制的;distorted扭歪的,受到曲解的;conveyed傳達(dá)的,傳輸?shù)摹>渲小皅ualifiedsourcesofinformation”應(yīng)該指合格的信息,故A項(xiàng)unbiased“公正不偏不倚的”符合邏輯。

6.單選題

).acarknockedherdown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Walkinghome

B.Whilewalkinghome

C.Asshewaswalkinghome

D.Havingwalkedhome

【答案】C

【解析】句意:在她回家的路上,一輛汽車(chē)把她撞到了。

語(yǔ)法題。考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。題干后半部分已經(jīng)是完整句子,聯(lián)系選項(xiàng)判斷空白處需要填時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。從句的邏輯主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)不一致,因此不能用分詞作狀語(yǔ),排除A,B,D。as可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C。

7.單選題

Someyearsago,Houstonairportfacedatroublingissue.Passengerswere(1)aboutthelongwaitsatbaggageclaim(行李提取處).(2),theexecutivesincreasedthenumberofbaggagehandlers.Theplan(3):theaveragewaitfelltoeightminutes,wellwithinindustrystandard.(4)thecomplaintspersisted.

(5),theairportexecutivesundertookamorecarefulanalysis.Theyfoundthatit(6)passengersaminutetowalkfromtheirarrivalgatestobaggageclaimandsevenmoreminutestogettheirbags.(7),roughly88percentoftheirtimewasspentstandingaroundwaitingfortheirbags.

Sotheydecidedonanewapproach:(8)reducingwaittime,theymovedthearrivalgatesfartherawayfromthemainterminal.Passengersnowhadtowalksixtimeslonger.Complaintsdroppedtonear(9).

Thisstoryshowsthattheexperienceofwaitingisdefinedonlypartlybytheobjective(10)ofthewait.Occupiedtime(walkingtobaggageclaim)feels(11)thanunoccupiedtime((12)atbaggageclaim).Researchonqueuinghasshownthat,peopleonaverage,(13)howlongthey’vewaitedinaline.

Thisisalso(14)onefindsmirrorsnexttoelevators.The(15)wasbornduringthepost-WorldWarIIboom,whenthespreadofhigh-rises(16)complaintsaboutelevatordelays.Thereasonbehindthemirrorswas(17)totheoneusedattheHoustonairport:givepeoplesomethingtooccupytheirtime.(18)overnight,thecomplaintsceased.

We’llnever(19)linesaltogether,butabetterunderstandingofthepsychologyofwaitingcanhelpmakethose(20)delaysmorebearable.Andwhenallelsefails,bringabook.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.warning

B.thinking

C.asking

D.complaining

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Inresponse

B.Infact

C.Intheory

D.Inturn

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.failed

B.worked

C.stopped

D.continued

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.So

B.But

C.Or

D.And

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Puzzled

B.Scared

C.Delighted

D.Relieved

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.spent

B.needed

C.cost

D.took

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Ingeneral

B.Inaddition

C.Inanycase

D.Inotherwords

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.inspiteof

B.insteadof

C.bymeansof

D.becauseof

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.nothing

B.zero

C.none

D.no

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.complaint

B.reach

C.feeling

D.length

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.shorter

B.better

C.longer

D.harder

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.looking

B.standing

C.serving

D.pointing

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.dislike

B.disagree

C.overestimate

D.misunderstand

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.what

C.why

D.when

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.reason

B.problem

C.standard

D.idea

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.calledfor

B.pointedout

C.ledto

D.beganwith

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.accustomed

B.specific

C.helpful

D.similar

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.Rather

B.Quite

C.Entirely

D.Almost

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.cross

B.eliminate

C.draw

D.create

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.inadequate

B.impatient

C.impossible

D.inevitable

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:D

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】1.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。聯(lián)系下文可知客戶在抱怨排隊(duì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。A選項(xiàng)warning“警告”;B選項(xiàng)thinking“思考”;C選項(xiàng)asking“請(qǐng)求”,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查語(yǔ)境理解。由空格前,聯(lián)系第一題“Passengerswerecomplainingaboutthelongwaitsatbaggageclaim(乘客們?cè)诒г剐欣钐崛√幍却龝r(shí)間太長(zhǎng))”,空格后“theexecutivesincreasedthenumberofbaggagehandlers.(行政人員增加了行李搬運(yùn)工的人數(shù)。)”可知,空格后是對(duì)空格前做的回應(yīng)。B選項(xiàng)Infact“事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上”;C選項(xiàng)Intheory“理論上”;D選項(xiàng)Inturn“輪流,依次”,都不符合上下文語(yǔ)境,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.考查語(yǔ)境理解。根據(jù)下文“theaveragewaitfelltoeightminutes,wellwithinindustrystandard.(平均等待時(shí)間降至8分鐘,完全符合行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。)”可知這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃奏效了,等待時(shí)間下降了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)上文“theaveragewaitfelltoeightminutes,wellwithinindustrystandard.(平均等待時(shí)間降至8分鐘,完全符合行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。)”和下文“thecomplaintspersisted.(人們的抱怨仍在繼續(xù))”可知空格處填的詞應(yīng)該表示轉(zhuǎn)折。A選項(xiàng)So表原因;B選項(xiàng)But表轉(zhuǎn)折;C選項(xiàng)Or表并列;D選項(xiàng)And表并列,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查動(dòng)詞辨析?!埃ǎ?theairportexecutivesundertookamorecarefulanalysis.”意為“因?yàn)椤瓩C(jī)場(chǎng)管理人員進(jìn)行了更仔細(xì)的分析”。A選項(xiàng)Puzzled“困惑”;B選項(xiàng)Scared“害怕”;C選項(xiàng)Delighted“高興,愉快”;D選項(xiàng)Relieved“解除”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.考查固定搭配。Ittakesbsometimetodosth意為花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事,沒(méi)有Itspendsbsometimetodosth這個(gè)說(shuō)法,spend的用法是sbspendsometime(in)doingsth,它的主語(yǔ)必須是人;cost的用法是sthcostsb+金錢(qián);need的主語(yǔ)一般是人,不用it作形式主語(yǔ)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.考查短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)上文“Theyfoundthatittookpassengersaminutetowalkfromtheirarrivalgatestobaggageclaimandsevenmoreminutestogettheirbags.(乘客從到達(dá)登機(jī)口走到行李認(rèn)領(lǐng)處需要1分鐘,取行李又需要7分鐘。)”和下文“roughly88percentoftheirtimewasspentstandingaroundwaitingfortheirbags.(他們大約88%的時(shí)間是在站著等行李。)”可知上下文表示的意思是一樣的,所以空格處應(yīng)填一個(gè)表并列關(guān)系的短語(yǔ)。因此空格處應(yīng)填“inotherwords”,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspiteof“不管,不顧”;B選項(xiàng)insteadof“代替,而不是”;C選項(xiàng)bymeansof“依靠,借助于”;D選項(xiàng)becauseof“因?yàn)?,由于”,句意:他們沒(méi)有縮短等待時(shí)間,而是把到達(dá)門(mén)移到離主航站樓更遠(yuǎn)的地方。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.考查語(yǔ)境理解。句意:參考第48題,他們沒(méi)有縮短等待時(shí)間,而是把到達(dá)門(mén)移到離主航站樓更遠(yuǎn)的地方?,F(xiàn)在乘客們得多走六倍的路。投訴幾乎為()。從句意我們可以看出空格處應(yīng)該為一個(gè)數(shù)值,選項(xiàng)中只有B選項(xiàng)符合,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.考查名詞辨析。句意:這個(gè)故事表明,等待的體驗(yàn)只在一定程度上取決于客觀等待的()。A選項(xiàng)complaint“抱怨”不符合句意;B選項(xiàng)reach“范圍”不符合句意;C選項(xiàng)feeling“感覺(jué)”與句中的體驗(yàn)相沖突;D選項(xiàng)length“時(shí)長(zhǎng)”符合句意,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.考查邏輯關(guān)系。該句意為:被占用的時(shí)間(走到行李認(rèn)領(lǐng)處)感覺(jué)比沒(méi)被占用的時(shí)間(站在行李認(rèn)領(lǐng)處)()。根據(jù)上文中提到的,機(jī)場(chǎng)管理人員把到達(dá)門(mén)移到離主航站樓更遠(yuǎn)的地方,乘客們?cè)诘却倪^(guò)程中感覺(jué)有事情可做,就會(huì)覺(jué)得走路的時(shí)間比等待的時(shí)間短,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。該空格處應(yīng)填與前面括號(hào)內(nèi)(walkingtobaggageclaim)相對(duì)應(yīng)的單詞。A選項(xiàng)looking“看”;B選項(xiàng)standing“站”;C選項(xiàng)serving“招待、服務(wù)”;D選項(xiàng)pointing“指向,表明”,其中只有B選項(xiàng)與前面括號(hào)內(nèi)的內(nèi)容適配度更高,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:關(guān)于排隊(duì)的研究表明,人們平均會(huì)()自己排隊(duì)等候的時(shí)間。A選項(xiàng)dislike“不喜歡,厭惡”;B選項(xiàng)disagree“不同意,反對(duì)”;C選項(xiàng)overestimate“高估”;D選項(xiàng)misunderstand“誤解,誤會(huì)”。聯(lián)系上下文可知人們總是以為自己的排隊(duì)時(shí)長(zhǎng)很長(zhǎng),其實(shí)不然,所以人們經(jīng)常高估自己排隊(duì)等候的時(shí)間,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.考查語(yǔ)境理解。句意:這也是()電梯旁邊有鏡子。根據(jù)下文可知,正是因?yàn)殓R子讓人們?cè)诘却臅r(shí)候有事可做,所以會(huì)讓人們感覺(jué)等待時(shí)間縮短了,所以空格處應(yīng)填有因果關(guān)系的詞,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.考查語(yǔ)境理解。該句子句意為:這個(gè)()出現(xiàn)在二戰(zhàn)后的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮時(shí)期,當(dāng)時(shí)高樓林立,導(dǎo)致了人們對(duì)電梯延誤的抱怨。由此可知,人們對(duì)電梯的延誤感到抱怨更偏向于是一種社會(huì)問(wèn)題。A選項(xiàng)reason“原因”;B選項(xiàng)problem“問(wèn)題”;C選項(xiàng)standard“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”;D選項(xiàng)idea“方法”,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)callfor“要求,需要,倡導(dǎo)”;B選項(xiàng)pointout“指出,指明”;C選項(xiàng)leadto“導(dǎo)致”;D選項(xiàng)beginwith“以……開(kāi)始,開(kāi)始于……”。參考55題,句意為:這個(gè)問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生于二戰(zhàn)后的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮時(shí)期,當(dāng)時(shí)高樓林立,()了人們對(duì)電梯延誤的抱怨。根據(jù)句意可知空格處應(yīng)填導(dǎo)致了人們的抱怨,所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)beaccustomedto的意思:習(xí)慣于;習(xí)以為常;B選項(xiàng)bespecificto“針對(duì)……而言,僅限于……”;C選項(xiàng)behelpfultodosth.對(duì)做……有幫助,后面一般接todo不定式;D選項(xiàng)besimilarto“……與……相似,和……相似”,to后面可以接人,也可以接物。句意:鏡子后面的原因和休斯頓機(jī)場(chǎng)使用的():讓人們有事可做。一夜之間,投訴停止了。聯(lián)系上下文可知鏡子和機(jī)場(chǎng)都是為了讓人們?cè)诘却臅r(shí)候有事情可做,他們的目的是一樣的,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

18.考查副詞辨析。句意:()一夜之間,投訴停止了。A選項(xiàng)rather“寧可,寧愿,相當(dāng)”;B選項(xiàng)quite“很,相當(dāng),完全”;C選項(xiàng)entirely“完全的”;D選項(xiàng)almost“差不多,幾乎”。聯(lián)系題干可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)cross“穿過(guò),橫過(guò)”,cross后面一般不用lines,而是crosstheline,crosstheline逐字解釋是越過(guò)某條界線,一般是指觸犯了某項(xiàng)禁忌或者規(guī)則,做了過(guò)分的事情。B選項(xiàng)eliminate“消除,排除”;C選項(xiàng)draw“畫(huà),拉,吸引”;D選項(xiàng)create“創(chuàng)造,創(chuàng)立”。句意:我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)完全()排隊(duì)。根據(jù)句意可知B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inadequate“不充分的,不適當(dāng)?shù)摹保籅選項(xiàng)impatient“焦躁的,不耐煩的”;C選項(xiàng)impossible“不可能的”;D選項(xiàng)inevitable“不可避免的”。句意:但更好地理解等待的心理可以幫助讓那些()延誤變得更容易忍受。聯(lián)系句意,D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

Severalyearsago,aformerSaudioilministerissuedwhathassincebecomeanoft-quotedprophecy:“TheStoneAgedidnotendforlackofstone,andtheOilAgewillendlongbeforetheworldrunsoutofoil”.Itwasalament,andacknowledgementthatadayofreckoningwascomingthatwouldchangetheglobalbalanceofwealthandpower.AflukeofgeologyhadmadethevastemptinessoftheSaudidesertthenumberonesourceofthemostimportantcommodityonearth.Butthegoodtimeswouldnot,andcouldnot,lastforever,andheknewit.

Ifyougobackfarenough,youcantracetheprosperityandsecurityofnations,corporations,andevenindividualstoenergy.Andinourpetroleum-dependentworld,that,forthemostpart,meansOilGovernmentriseandfallonit,armiesrunonit,companiesrelyonit,andconsumersdependonitfromthetimetheywaketotheirclockradiostothemomenttheyturnofftheirTVsandfallasleep.Forthepastcentury,despiterisingpricesandoccasional“crises”—moreoftenthannotmanufacturedeventsresultingfrompoliticaloreconomicforces—therehasalwaysbeenenoughoilavailabletokeeptheenginesofglobalgrowthhumming.Butthatisaluxuryofthepast.Inthefuture,anewanduncertainenergyageisemerging.

【答案】幾年前,一位前沙特石油部長(zhǎng)發(fā)表了這一預(yù)言,后來(lái)成為人們經(jīng)常引用的預(yù)言:“石器時(shí)代并沒(méi)有因?yàn)槿鄙偈^而結(jié)束,石油時(shí)代將在世界石油枯竭之前結(jié)束?!彼吹爻姓J(rèn),清算的日子即將到來(lái),全球財(cái)富與權(quán)力的平衡將會(huì)被改變。地理上的意外收獲使廣袤空曠的沙特沙漠成為地球上最重要商品的最重要的來(lái)源。但是,美好的時(shí)光不可能永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去,他很清楚這一點(diǎn)。

如果你追溯到足夠久遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)代,你可以將國(guó)家的安全和繁榮、企業(yè)甚至個(gè)人都能與能源聯(lián)系起來(lái)。在我們這個(gè)依賴石油的世界上,在很大程度上,這意味著石油政府依賴于石油而起起落落,軍隊(duì)依賴于它而運(yùn)行,公司依賴它,消費(fèi)者也依賴它,當(dāng)他們從收音機(jī)的鬧鐘中醒來(lái)的時(shí)候,直到他們關(guān)掉電視睡著的那一刻。在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里,盡管價(jià)格不斷上漲,偶爾也會(huì)發(fā)生危機(jī),但往往是政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)力量造成的事件,使得總有足夠的石油供應(yīng)提供動(dòng)力,來(lái)維持全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)。但這是過(guò)去的奢侈。未來(lái),一個(gè)新的、不確定的能源時(shí)代正在形成。

9.單選題

Fewerandfeweroftoday'sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,(

)thesamecompany.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.allelse

B.muchworse

C.lesslikely

D.letalone

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。allelse“其他所有”;muchworse“更差”;lesslikely“最不可能的是”;letalone“更不必說(shuō)”。句意:當(dāng)今人們?cè)絹?lái)越不希望一生只干同樣的工作,更不用說(shuō)只待在一家公司了。D項(xiàng)符合句意,答案D

10.翻譯題

也許因?yàn)閼?zhàn)事中死人太多了,枉死者沒(méi)消磨掉的生命力都進(jìn)作春天的生意。那年春天,氣候特別好。這春氣鼓動(dòng)得人心像嬰孩出齒時(shí)的牙齦肉,受到一種生機(jī)透芽的痛癢。上海是個(gè)暴發(fā)都市,沒(méi)有山水花柳作為春的安頓處。公園和住宅花園里的草木,好比動(dòng)物園里鐵籠子關(guān)住的野獸,拘束、孤獨(dú),不夠春光盡情的發(fā)泄。春來(lái)了只有向人的身心里寄寓,添了疾病和傳染,添了奸情和酗酒打架的案件,添了孕婦。最后一樁倒不失為好現(xiàn)象,戰(zhàn)時(shí)人口正該補(bǔ)充。但據(jù)周太太說(shuō),本年生的孩于,大半是枉死鬼陽(yáng)壽未盡,搶著投胎,找足前生年齡數(shù)目,只怕將來(lái)活不長(zhǎng)。

【答案】【參考譯文】PerhapsitwasbecausethereweresomanydeadinthewarthatresidualvitalityofthedeadtransformedintoSpring,whichwasexceptionallyfine.Stirredbytheinvigoratingspring,men,likeinfantscuttingtheirteeth,somehow,itchedpainfullyfromthebuddingofnewlife.Aboomtown,Shanghaihadnoscenicspotsinwhichspringmightrestitsfeet.Intheparksandlawnsthegrassandtreeswerelikethewildbeastsconfinedinironcagesatthezoo,restrictedandlonely;theresimplywasnoplaceforspringtoreleaseitsfullsplendor.Casesofdiseasesandinfections,adulteryandalcohol-relatedfightsandthepregnancieshaveincreasedinnumber,amongwhichthelastone,afterall,isalltothegood,becausethewartimepopulationneedsreplenishing.ButaccordingtoMrs.Zhou,mostofthechildrenbornthisyearareghostswhodidnotliveouttheirpredestinedlife-spanandrushedtobereborn,andthereisfearthattheycannotbeexceptionallylong-lived.

11.單選題

A______judgeweighsalltheevidenceandexcludesallpersonalfeelings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scrupulous

B.restless

C.sarcastic

D.resourceful

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scrupulous“細(xì)心的;小心謹(jǐn)慎的;一絲不茍的;嚴(yán)格認(rèn)真的”;B選項(xiàng)restless“焦躁不安的;不安寧的;得不到滿足的”;C選項(xiàng)sarcastic“挖苦的;尖刻的,辛辣的”;D選項(xiàng)resourceful“足智多謀的;機(jī)智的”。句意:一位_____法官會(huì)權(quán)衡所有的證據(jù),排除所有的個(gè)人感情。一絲不茍,嚴(yán)格認(rèn)真符合法官形象,權(quán)衡證據(jù)以及排除個(gè)人感情說(shuō)明一絲不茍,不能體現(xiàn)機(jī)智,所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Hisconstantattemptsto(

)hiscolleagues'achievementeventuallycausedhisdismissal.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.withdraw

B.diminish

C.restrain

D.confine

【答案】B

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。withdraw“收回,取回”;diminish“減少,減損”;restrain“遏制,管制”;confine“限制”。句意:他不斷嘗試貶低他同事的成就,最終導(dǎo)致他被解雇了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Thehumancriterionforperfectvisionis20/20forreadingthestandardlinesonaSnelleneyechartwithoutahitch.Thescoreisdeterminedbyhowwellyoureadlinesoflettersofdifferentsizesfrom20feetaway.Butbeingabletoreadthebottomlineontheeyechartdoesnotapproximateperfectionasfarasotherspeciesareconcerned.Mostbirdswouldconsiderusveryvisuallyhandicapped.Thehawk,forinstance,hassuchsharpeyesthatitcanspotadimeeathesidewalkwhileperchedonthetopoftheEmpireStateBuilding.Itcanmakefinevisualdistinctionsbecauseitisblessedwithonemillionconespersquaremillimeterinitsretina.Andinwater,humansarefar-sighted,whilethekingfisher,swoopingdowntospearfish,canseewellinbothairandwaterbecauseitisendowedwithtwofoveae-areasoftheeye,consistingmostlyofcones,thatprovidevisualdistinctions.Onefoveaepermitsthebird,whileintheairtoscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.Thisiscalledmonocularvision.Onceithitsthewater,theotherfoveajoinsin,allowingthekingfishertofocusbatheye,likebinoculars,onitpreyatthesametime.Afrogsvisionisdistinguishedbyitsabilitytoperceivethingsasaconstantmotionpicture.Knownas"bugdetectors",ahighlydevelopedsetofcellsinafrog'seyesrespondsmainlytomovingobjects.So,itissaidthatafrogsittinginafieldofdeadbugswouldn’tseethemasfoodandwouldstarve.

Thebeehasa“compound’’eye,whichisusedfornavigation.Ithas15,000facet,thatdividewhatitseenintoapatternofdots,ormosaic.Withthiskindofvision,thebeeseesthesunonlyasconstantlymeasurestheangleofitslineoffightinrelationtothesun.Abee's'eyealsogaugesflightspeed.Andifthatisnotenoughtoleaveour20/20“perfectvision,palingintoinsignificance,thebeeiscapableofseeingsomethingwecan't-ultravioletlight.Thus,whathumansconsidertobe"perfectvision"isinfactratherlimitedwhenwelookatotherspecies.However,thereisstillmuchtobesaidforthehumaneye.Ofallthemammals,onlyhumansandsomeprimatescanenjoythepleasureofcolorvision.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whymightbirdsandanimalsconsiderhumansveryvisuallyhandicapped?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.Theword"that”inline10referto(

).

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Eyevariationamongdifferentspecies

B.Limitsofthehumaneye

C.Perfectvision

D.Differenteyesfordifferentuses

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Humanscan'tseeverywellineitherairorwater.

B.Humanseyesarenotaswellsuitedtoourneeds.

C.Themainoutstandingfeatureofhumaneyesiscolorvision.

D.Humaneyescan'tdowhattheireyescan.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Kingfishershavemonocularvision.

B.Hawkseyesconsistmostlyofconesthatcanallowittoscanwithoneeyeatatime.

C.Humansarefarsightedinwater.

D.Beesseepatternsofdots.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Foveae

B.Areasoftheeye

C.Cones

D.Visualdistinction

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Eyeshavedevelopeddifferentlyineachspecies

B.Beeshavethemostcomplexeyes

C.Humansshouldnotenvywhattheydon'tneed

D.Perfectvisionisnotperfect.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.試題解析:主旨大意題。文章第一段提到人類的視力與其他物種相比,并不是完美的,緊接著列舉了幾種不同動(dòng)物的眼睛及其視力特征;第二段主要介紹了動(dòng)物“蜜蜂”的眼睛特征,簡(jiǎn)要提到了只有人類和一些靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物才能享受彩色視覺(jué)的樂(lè)趣。因此本文主要是介紹不同的眼睛有不同的用途,選D。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Butbeingabletoreadthebottomlineontheeyechartdoesnotapproximateperfectionasfarasotherspeciesareconcerned.Mostbirdswouldconsiderusveryvisuallyhandicapped.(但是,對(duì)其他物種來(lái)說(shuō),能夠讀懂眼圖上的底線并不能接近完美。大多數(shù)鳥(niǎo)類會(huì)認(rèn)為我們視力很差)可知人類的視力比其他動(dòng)物的視力要差,具有局限性,因此選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的whilethekingfisher...Onefoveaepermitsthebird,whileintheairtoscanthewaterbelowwithoneeyeatatime.(然而翠鳥(niǎo)……其中一個(gè)凹窩允許飛翔在空中的翠鳥(niǎo)不吋用一只眼瞳掃視水面的情況)可知B選項(xiàng)不是鷹眼的特征,而是翠鳥(niǎo)眼睛的特征,題干中問(wèn)的是“NOTtrue”,因此選B。

4.詞義題。根據(jù)題干信息“"that”inline10”定位至文章第一段中,由Andinwater,humansarefar-sighted,whilethekingfisher,swoopingdowntospearfish,canseewellinbothairandwaterbecauseitisendowedwithtwofoveae-areasoftheeye,consistingmostlyofcones,thatprovidevisualdistinctions.(在水里,人類是遠(yuǎn)視的,而俯沖到水里捉魚(yú)的翠鳥(niǎo)在水上和水下都能看清景物,因?yàn)樗难劬镉袃砂几C區(qū)域,這兩個(gè)凹窩主要由具有視覺(jué)分辨能力的圓錐細(xì)胞組成)可知句中的“that”為關(guān)系代詞,修飾前面的先行詞“cones”,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ),因此選C。

5.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了人類眼睛的特點(diǎn)以及鷹、翠鳥(niǎo)、青蛙、蜜蜂這幾種不同動(dòng)物的眼睛特征與視力,因此A選項(xiàng)“每一物種的眼睛都有不同的發(fā)育”符合題意。

14.單選題

Businessandgovernmentmanagersoftenpromote“cleandesk”politiestoavoiddisorganizedofficesandmessydesks,______boostingworkefficiencyandproductivity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forthepurposeof

B.forgoodof

C.forpurposeof

D.forthefunof

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。forthepurposeof“為了……目的”;B和C選項(xiàng)形式不正確;forthefunof“為了享受”。句意:企業(yè)和政府管理者經(jīng)常推行“整潔的辦公室”政策,以避免混亂的辦公室和凌亂的桌子,……提高工作效率和生產(chǎn)力。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Thephrase“meltingpot”hasbecomeassociatedwiththeAmericansociety,implyingthatmanyracialandethnicgroupshavebeenintegratedintooneculture.Scholarsdisagreeastowhatextentthisassimilationorintegrationhasactuallytakenplace.ManyofthemseetheAmericansocietyasa“saladbowl”,wherevariousgroupshaveremaineddistinctandseparatefromeachother,eventhoughtheyworkandliveinthesamesociety.

Thereisnodoubtthatassimilationhastakenplace,especiallyamongthewhitesfromdifferentnationalitiesandreligiousbackgrounds;thedisagreementisonlyabouttowhatextentthisassimilationhasactuallytakenplace.Thescholarsarguethat“meltingplot”isaninaccuratedescriptionoftheAmericansociety.Letaloneothermoredistinctracesandethnicgroups,theypointtotheAmericanJewsasthegroupofwhiteswhohaveretainedtheirseparateness.

ManyscholarsfeelthattheunwillingnessbytheJewishAmericanstoassimilatewiththeAmericansocietycomesmainlyfromcenturiesofpersecutioninEuropeancountries,someofwhichsurvivedandcamealongwithEuropeanChristianstoAmerica.Weakerformsofdiscriminationandanti-JewishfeelingsstillexistamongEuropeandescendents,makingitmoredifficultfortheJewstoassimilateintothemainstreamAmericanculture.Theirownculturalandreligiouspridealsoplaysimportantrolesinmaintainingtheirseparateness.

Whatisinteresting,however,isthatJewishgroups,alongwiththeirseparateness,haveastrongsenseofbelongingtothelargerAmericancultureinwhichtheyhaveachievedsuccessinnearlyeveryfield.Infact,amongthegroupsthathaveretainedtheirnationalorethnicidentities,theJewishgroupsarethemostsuccessful,accordingtoanation-widesurvey.ManyJewsattributethissuccesstotheirseparateness,whichhaspreventedthemfromlosingvaluesthatcontributetotheirsuccess.

1.Whatsentencewouldbestsummarizethispassage?

2.TheEuropeandescendentswhomostlikelydiscriminateagainsttheAmericanJewsare()

3.ManyscholarsprefertodescribeAmericansocietyasa“saladbowl”becauseit()

4.TheauthorclaimsthatJewishgroupsretainmostoftheirculturalidentityand()

5.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthereasonswhytheJewshaveremainedmostlyseparateis()

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Americansocietyiseithera“meltingpot”ora“saladbowl”,dependingonwhoistalkingaboutit.

B.JewishgroupshaveastrongsenseofidentityandrefusetoassimilatewithotherAmericans.

C.ScholarsdisagreeabouttheextenttowhichassimilationofdifferentracesandethnicgroupshastakenplaceinAmericansociety.

D.ThereisstillsomediscriminationandpersecutionofJewsinAmerica.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Christians

B.scholars

C.capitalists

D.Catholics

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.showsculturalandreligiousdifferencesofvariousculturalgroups

B.showsthetogethernessandseparatenessofdifferentethnic,national,andracialgroups

C.ismorecolorfulandimaginative

D.ismoreprogressive

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theirseparatenesspreventsthemfromachievingsuccess

B.othergroupsdislikethemfortheirseparatenessfromthemainstreamAmericanculture

C.alsothinkofthemselvesasbelongingtotheAmericanculture

D.refusetocooperatewithotherculturalgroups

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.seeingnoadvantageinassimilating

B.lackofopportunitytoassimilate

C.thefearoflosingtheiridentity

D.theirprideintheirownculture

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是講學(xué)者們?cè)诿绹?guó)社會(huì)中不同種族和民族的融合問(wèn)題上存在分歧。所以選項(xiàng)C最能概括全文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Manyscholarsfeelthat...withEuropeanChristianstoAmerica.”許多學(xué)者認(rèn)為,美國(guó)猶太人不愿意融入美國(guó)社會(huì),主要是由于幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)歐洲國(guó)家的迫害,其中一些國(guó)家幸存下來(lái),與歐洲的基督徒一起來(lái)到了美國(guó)。由此可以推斷,歐洲后代中最有可能歧視美國(guó)猶太人的是基督教徒,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“saladbowl”定位到第一段的最后一句“variousgroupshaveremaineddistinctandseparatefromeachother,eventhoughtheyworkandliveinthesamesociety.”不同的群體雖然在同一社會(huì)中工作和生活,但仍然彼此獨(dú)立。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Jewishgroups,alongwiththeirseparateness,haveastrongsenseofbelongingtothelargerAmericanculture...”可知選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Theirownculturalandreligiouspridealsoplaysimportantrolesinmaintainingtheirseparateness.”選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

16.單選題

Illnesses()toworkersinaparticularoccupationareknownasoccupationaldiseases.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.passive

B.specific

C.resistant

D.harmful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。由句中關(guān)鍵信息occupationaldiseases可知,這種病應(yīng)該指示某些特定行業(yè)的工人才會(huì)得病。所以specificto(表示“只限于……的,特定于……”)最符合句意,故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)passive表示“被動(dòng)的;消極的”;C選項(xiàng)resistant表示“抵抗的,頑固的”;D選項(xiàng)harmful表示“有害的,危害的”?!揪湟狻恳恍┘膊≈挥刑囟殬I(yè)的工人會(huì)得,被稱為職業(yè)病。

17.翻譯題

Today,weanxiouslyscrutinizeexaminationscoresandworrywhetherourchildwillbeadmittedintoprestigiousuniversity.Mostofthetime,theirritatingchildorstudentwithlowscoresonlyreceivesnegativeattention.ConsideringthehueandcriesaboutteachingChinesestudentstobemorecreative,andtheconstantcomparisonsofthedifferencesbetweenEastandWesteducation,maybewearefutilelytryingtopoundsquarepegintoroundholes.

Creativityisrelatedtoproblem-solvingability,andthefundamentaltruthisthatcreativityandeffectivenesscallsforafullyengagedmind.Ontheonehand,acreativepersonislikeafleshandbloodcomputer,collecting,assembling,arrangingandintegratingdata.Ontheotherhand,thecreativepersonistheattentivestudentoflife.Peoplewantingtoacquireacreativementalitymustfirstandforemostbeinthemind-setoffullyembracingalloftheirlearningexperience.Themindisthechain,andthevarietyofideasandexperiencesarethegears.

Thepersonalorientationtowardachievementisanattitude.Learninganddemonstratingcreativedecision-makingisnotaby-productfrombeingconditionedtomemorizecorrectanswers,orretrieveexactbitsofdataforproducingahighfinalscore.Creativityisaby-productofmentalrisk-takingandexperimentation,andoneisfullyengagingpersonalthinkinginthefunofabstractplay:mentalgymnastics.

【答案】【參考譯文】今天,我們焦慮地查著考試分?jǐn)?shù),擔(dān)心小孩是否有望被名牌大學(xué)錄取。大多數(shù)情況下,令人惱火的小孩或分?jǐn)?shù)低的學(xué)生僅得到消極的關(guān)心。在呼吁提高中國(guó)學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性的抗議聲和中西方教育差異的對(duì)比的影響下,我們的做法無(wú)異于方枘圓鑿不得其所。

創(chuàng)造力通常與問(wèn)題解決能力相關(guān),而且基本的事實(shí)是創(chuàng)造力和有效性需要全神貫注的頭腦。一方面,一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力的人如同一臺(tái)有血有肉的計(jì)算機(jī),對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行收集、匯集、整理和整合;另一方面,有創(chuàng)造力的人是生活中最細(xì)心的學(xué)生。想要擁有創(chuàng)造性頭腦的人必須首先下定決心去徹底領(lǐng)會(huì)所有的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。頭腦是鏈條,而各種想法和經(jīng)歷是齒輪。

個(gè)人的成就取向是一種態(tài)度。學(xué)習(xí)和展示創(chuàng)造性的決策,并不是為了獲得高分而習(xí)慣于記住正確答案或檢索精確數(shù)據(jù)的副產(chǎn)品。創(chuàng)造力是一種腦力冒險(xiǎn)和試驗(yàn)的副產(chǎn)品,且創(chuàng)造力需要完全地讓個(gè)人的思考忙于抽象活動(dòng)(即腦力訓(xùn)練)的樂(lè)趣中。

18.單選題

Finally,Emily(

)divorce,sayingthatherhusbandabusedherphysicallyandpsychologically.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.filledinfor

B.filedfor

C.suedfor

D.appliedfor

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)fillinfor“代替,占據(jù)別人位置”;B選項(xiàng)filefor“申請(qǐng)”,主要用于申請(qǐng)事業(yè)單位工作;C選項(xiàng)suefor“控告”,表示就某事提出訴訟;D選項(xiàng)applyfor“申請(qǐng),提出申請(qǐng)”。由關(guān)鍵詞“divorce離婚”,可知空格部分意思可能為“提出控告,控訴”,句意為:最后艾米麗提出離婚訴訟,稱她的丈夫?qū)λ谏眢w上和心理上實(shí)施家庭暴力。選項(xiàng)C與其意思接近。

19.單選題

Hemanagedto()hiswayintoheraffection.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tail

B.worm

C.wolf

D.rocket

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)tail“尾隨,裝上尾巴”;B選項(xiàng)worm“使蠕動(dòng),使緩慢、曲折前進(jìn)”;wormone’swayinto“隱藏真正的意圖混入某個(gè)地區(qū)或組織,混入,費(fèi)一番功夫打入”,例如:Hemanagetowormhiswayintoherlife.(他設(shè)法騙取信任進(jìn)入了她的生活。);C選項(xiàng)wolf“大吃,狼吞虎咽地吃”;D選項(xiàng)rocket”迅速增加,飛速移動(dòng)”。句意:他設(shè)法贏得他的喜愛(ài)。由選項(xiàng)意思和固定搭配可知,B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

20.單選題

Theinterestsoftheconsumershouldbeparamount.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supreme

B.unbending

C.superfluous

D.tangible

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.supreme最高的,至高的B.unbending堅(jiān)定的,不易彎曲的,冷漠的

C.superfluous多余的,不必要的D.tangible有形的,切實(shí)的,可觸摸的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息Theinterestsoftheconsumer(消費(fèi)者的利益)可推測(cè),paramount的意思是“第一位的,首位的”,A選項(xiàng)詞義與劃線單詞含義最為接近,故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】消費(fèi)者的利益應(yīng)放在首位。

21.單選題

Thereiswidespreadbeliefthattheemergenceofgiantindustrieshasbeenaccompaniedbyanequivalentsurgeinindustrialresearch.Arecentstudyofimportantinventionsmadesincetheturnofthecenturyrevealsthatmorethanhalfweretheproductofindividualinventorsworkingalone,independentoforganizedindustrialresearch.Whileindustriallaboratoriescontributedsuchimportantproductsasnylonandtransistors,independentinventorsdevelopedairconditioning,theautomatictransmission,thejetengine,thehelicopter,insulin,andstreptomycin.Stillotherinventions,suchasstainlesssteel,television,silicones,andPlexiglasweredevelopedthroughthecombinedeffortsofindividualsandlaboratoryteams.

Despitethesefinding,weareurgedtosupportmonopolisticpoweronthegroundsthatsuchpowercreatesanenvironmentsupportiveofinnovation.Wearetoldthattheindependentinventor,alongwiththesmallfirm,cannotaffordtoundertaketheimportantresearchneededtoimproveourstandardoflivingwhileprotectingourdiminishingresources;thatonlythegiantcorporationorconglomerate,withitsprodigiousassets,canaffordthekindofexpendituresthatproducethetechnologicaladvancesvitaltoeconomicprogress.Butwhenweexamineexpendituresforresearch,wefindthatofthemorethan$35billionspenteachyearinthiscountry,almosttwo-thirdsisspentbythefederalgovernment.Morethanhalfofthisgovernmentexpenditureisfunneledinto

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