考研考博-英語-廣西安全工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西安全工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thousandsof（

）atthestadiumcametotheirfeettopaytributetoanoutstandingperformance.

問題1選項

A.audience

B.participants

C.spectators

D.observers

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。audience聽眾；participant參與者；spectator觀眾，看客；observer觀察者。句意：體育場內(nèi)成千上萬的觀眾起立，向這場出色的表演致敬。此句語境為去體育場觀看表演，所以主體為觀眾。答案C

2.單選題

Likemostforeigners,Iaskalotofquestions,someofwhichareinsultinglysilly.ButeveryoneI（）hasansweredthosequestionswithpatienceandhonesty.

問題1選項

A.comeacross

B.comeby

C.comeover

D.comeinto

【答案】A

【解析】comeacross偶遇，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)；comeby得到，從旁邊走過；comeover過來，順便來訪；comeinto進(jìn)入，得到。句意：和大多數(shù)外國人一樣，我也會問很多問題，其中有些問題特別愚蠢。但我遇到的每個人都耐心且誠實的回答了這些問題。選項A符合句意。

3.單選題

Standingatthetopofthemountain,wewatchedthefog（）fromthevalleybelow;itseemedthatwehadenteredafairyland.

問題1選項

A.descend

B.decrease

C.ascend

D.increase

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項descend“下降；遺傳”；B選項decrease“減??；減少”；C選項ascend“上升；攀登”；D選項increase“增加；增大”。句意：站在山頂，我們看著霧從下面的山谷……，我們好像進(jìn)入了一個仙境。形容云霧繚繞，霧應(yīng)該是從下方升起的，故選C。

4.單選題

PricesforcarsintheU.S.canrun______$20,800.

問題1選項

A.ashighas

B.sohighas

C.sohighto

D.sohighthat

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.ashighas高達(dá)B.sohighas那么高

C.sohighto如此高D.sohighthat如此高以致于……

【答案】A

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“美國的汽車價格______20800美元”可知，空格處填入“高達(dá)”符合句意，且as…as…為固定搭配，表示“和……一樣”。因此，該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】

B、C項沒有這個用法；

D項后面一般要跟句子。

【句意】在美國，汽車的價格可高達(dá)20800美元。

5.單選題

Theautomobile'sexhaustsystem（

）foul-smellingfumes.

問題1選項

A.Attracted

B.condensed

C.absorbed

D.emitted

【答案】D

【解析】attract吸引，引起；condense濃縮，凝結(jié)；absorb吸收，使……全神貫注；emit發(fā)出，排放，放射。句意：汽車的排氣系統(tǒng)排放出難聞的廢氣。選項D符合句意。

6.單選題

Ifapersontalksabouthisweakness,thelistenerisexpectedtosaysomethinginthewayof（）.

問題1選項

A.assurance

B.encouragement

C.persuasion

D.confirmation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果一個人談?wù)撟约旱娜觞c，那么他就會期望聽者說些鼓勵的話。

考查名詞辨析。assurance保證;擔(dān)保;encouragement鼓勵；persuasion勸服；confirmation確認(rèn);證實。因此B符合句意。

7.單選題

Icanrespectsomeonewhois（）fortheiractions,butIcannotrespectsomeonewhoisalwayspointingthefinger.

問題1選項

A.millennium

B.dominant

C.accountable

D.commercial

【答案】C

【解析】語義題。millennium一千年，千禧年；dominant占優(yōu)勢的，支配的；accountable負(fù)有責(zé)任的；commercial商業(yè)的，商務(wù)的。accountable符合要求。根據(jù)句中but一詞推測,空格出應(yīng)填與alwayspointingthefinger(總是指手畫腳)反向的詞。因此選C。

8.單選題

Developmentprogramsinitiatedinthetribal-dominatedareasoftenadverselyaffectedthetribalwayoflifeandeconomy,whichwasfrequentlyfollowedbythe（）ontraditionaltribalareasorlandbynon-tribals.

問題1選項

A.encroachment

B.expansion

C.enormity

D.elevation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。encroachment“入侵”；expansion“膨脹”；enormity“暴行”；elevation“提升，海拔”。句意：在部落占主導(dǎo)地位的地區(qū)開展的發(fā)展項目往往對部落的生活方式和經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生不利影響，并且通常伴隨著部落傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)地經(jīng)常被其他外來種族入侵。選項A符合題意。

9.單選題

Almostasa（）totherevivalofGreekknowledgeandvaluescametherevivalofinterestinmathematics.

問題1選項

A.corollary

B.outcome

C.consequence

D.results

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項corollary“推論，必然的結(jié)果”；B選項outcome“結(jié)局，成果”；C選項consequence“重要性，推論”；D選項results“后果”。句意：希臘知識和價值觀的復(fù)興幾乎是必然的結(jié)果，人們對數(shù)學(xué)的興趣也隨之復(fù)蘇。選項A更符合語境。

10.單選題

Physicallife,whichhasoftenbeendepreciatedfromthemoralpointofview,isnotindeedbyitselfsupreme,butitiscertainthatmuchevilchargedtoabadwillisduetomorbidordefectiveconditionsofthephysicalorganism.Onewouldbeashamedtowritesuchatruismwereitnotthatourjuvenilecourtsandourprisoninvestigationsshowhowfarwearefromhavingsenseditinthepast.Andourpresentlaborconditionsshowhowfarourorganizationofindustryisfromanydecentprovisionforahealthy,sound,vigorouslifeofallthepeople.Thiswarisshockinginitsdestruction,butitisdoubtfulifitcandotheharmtoGreatBritainthatherfactorysystemhasdone.Andiflifeisinonerespectlessthanideals,inanotherrespectitisgreater;foritprovidesthepossibilitynotonlyofcarryingoutexistingidealsbutofthebirthofnewandhigherideals.Socialinteractionlikewisehasbeenmuchdiscussedbutisstillveryinadequatelyrealized.Thegreatpossibilitiesofcooperationhavelongbeenutilizedinwar.Withthefactoryandcommercialorganizationofthepastcenturywehavehintsoftheireconomicpower.Ourschools,books,newspapers,areremovingsomeofthebarriers.Buthowfardifferentsocialclassesarefromanyknowledge,nottosayappreciation,ofeachother!Howfardifferentracesareapart!Howeasytoinculcatenationalhatredanddistrust!ThefourthgreatproblemwhichbafflesWells’sherointheResearchMagnificentisyetfarfromsolution.ThegreatdangertomoralityinAmericaliesnotinanytheoryastothesubjectivityofthemoraljudgment,butintheconflictofclassesandraces.Intelligenceandreasonareincertainrespectsadvancing.Thesocialsciencesarefindingtoolsandmethods.Wearelearningtothinkofmuchofourmoralinertia,ourwasteoflife,ournarrowness,ourmuddlingandblunderinginsocialarrangements,asstupid—wedonotliketobecalledstupidevenifwescorntheimputationofclaimingtobe“good”.Butwedonotorganizepeaceaseffectivelyaswar.Weshrinkbeforethethoughtofexpendingforscientificinvestigationsumscomparablewiththoseusedformilitarypurposes.Andisscholarshipentitledtoshifttheblameentirelyuponotherinterests?Perhapsifitconceiveditstasksingreatertermsandaddresseditselftothemmoreenergeticallyitwouldfindgreatersupport.Andfinallytheprocessofjudgmentandappraisal,ofexaminationandrevaluation.Tojudgeforthesakeofjudging,toanalyzeandevaluateforthesakeoftheprocesshardlyseemsworthwhile.Butifwesupplytheprocesswiththenewfactorsofincreasedlife,physical,social,intelligent,weshallbecompelledtonewvaluations.Suchhasbeenthecourseofmoraldevelopment;wemayexpectthistoberepeated.Thegreatwarandthechangesthatemergeoughttosetnewtasksforethicalstudents.Asmedievalism,thecenturyofenlightenment,andthecenturyofindustrialrevolution,eachhaditsethics,sothecenturythatfollowsoughttohaveitsethics,rousedbytheproblemofdealingfundamentallywitheconomic,social,racial,andnationalrelations,andusingtheresourcesofbetterscientificmethodthanbelongedtotheethicalsystemswhichservedwelltheirtime.

1.“Thewar”theauthorreferstointhepassageis（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingproverbs/sayingsbestexpressesthemeaningofthewriter’sopinion?

3.ThelastgreatproblemwhichbafflesWells’sheroinTheResearchMagnificentis

（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,moralprogressinvolves

（

）.

5.Fromthetextwemaydeducethattheauthorviewsmoraldevelopmentinthefuturewith

（

）.

問題1選項

A.thecivilwar

B.WorldWarI

C.WorldWarII

D.thewarinVietnam

問題2選項

A.Aman’sreachshouldexceeditsgrasp.

B.Ahealthymindisinahealthybody.

C.Destinyisinyourownhands.

D.Noneoftheabove.

問題3選項

A.sex

B.jealousy

C.prejudice

D.fear

問題4選項

A.aprocessoflogicaldeduction

B.insightintothenatureofthingsastheyare

C.theconvictionthatmorallifeisaprocessinvolvingsocialintercourse

D.noneoftheabove

問題5選項

A.optimism

B.confidence

C.pessimism

D.caution

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。文中說到“Thegreatwarandthechangesthatemergeoughttosetnewtasksforethicalstudents”，所以thewar是指thegreatwar，而這是第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的英文表述，因此B選項符合題意。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。文中說到“itiscertainthatmuchevilchargedtoabadwillisduetomorbidordefectiveconditionsofthephysicalorganism.”可以肯定的是，許多惡行都是由于生理有機體的病態(tài)或缺陷狀態(tài)造成的。因此相對的“Ahealthymindisinahealthybody.”B選項符合題意。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。由文中兩個感嘆句“Howfardifferentracesareapart!Howeasytoinculcatenationalhatredanddistrust”可知困擾威爾斯筆下主人公的是“races”，也就是C選項的prejudice“偏見”。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。文中沒有直接提到選項的一些關(guān)鍵詞，但是有“Socialinteractionlikewisehasbeenmuchdiscussedbutisstillveryinadequatelyrealized”，社會交往的問題已經(jīng)討論過很多次，但還遠(yuǎn)未能實現(xiàn)，緊跟著后文提到的一系列問題也是道德在社會交往層面未能實現(xiàn)的體現(xiàn)，因此生活為理想的實現(xiàn)以及更高層次新理想的誕生創(chuàng)造了可能性，C選項“認(rèn)為道德生活包括社會交往”符合題意。

第5題:5.觀點態(tài)度題。文中提到“Suchhasbeenthecourseofmoraldevelopment;wemayexpectthistoberepeated…Asmedievalism,thecenturyofenlightenment,andthecenturyofindustrialrevolution,eachhaditsethics,sothecenturythatfollowsoughttohaveitsethics.”通過這些表述，可知作者對新時期道德的發(fā)展是很有信心的，因此B選項符合題意。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.

Today’spolicemeninlargecitiesthroughouttheworldrelyonmoderninventionstohelpthemintheirwork.Inmostplacesmotor-scootersandpolicepatrolcarshavedoneawaywiththeneedtopatrolonfootoronhorseback.Policemenusetelephone,convenientlylocatedthroughouttheirdistricts,tomakeimmediatecontactwithheadquarters.Radio,television,andcomputershelptospeedtheworkofthemodernforce.Evenboatsandhelicoptersarepartoftheequipmentofmetropolitanpolicedepartments.Newtechnicalinventionsarewidelyusedtofightcrimeandspeedthesolutionofcriminalcases.Electroniccomputersreducefromhourstominutesthetimespentinsearchingforfingerprints.Witness’sdescriptionsofacriminalarecodedandfedintoacomputer.Themachinethensortsthroughthepicturefileofknowncriminalsandselectsthenameandphotographofthemostlikelysuspect.Liedetectorsareusedtouncoverthetruth.

【答案】今天，全球很多大城市的警察都借助現(xiàn)代發(fā)明進(jìn)行工作。在大多數(shù)地方，駕駛小摩托車和警察巡邏車已經(jīng)取代了步行或在馬背上巡邏的做法。各區(qū)便捷的電話網(wǎng)使警察能及時與總部取得聯(lián)系；無線電、電視、計算機也有助于提高現(xiàn)代警察的工作效率；甚至連船只和直升機也成了一些大城市警察部門的裝備。新技術(shù)發(fā)明廣泛運用于打擊犯罪，加速案件偵破，計算機將搜索指紋所花費的時間由幾小時減少到幾分鐘。證人對罪犯的描述被編碼并輸入計算機，計算機將所掌握的罪犯照片案卷進(jìn)行分類，選出重大嫌疑犯的姓名和照片；測謊儀也用于幫助揭露真相。

12.填空題

Apersonwhois（）（conscious）isnotawareofwhatisgoingonaroundhimorher.

【答案】unconscious

【解析】由“notawareof”可知應(yīng)將conscious變成unconscious.

13.單選題

8.

問題1選項

A.ToX-rayhischest.

B.Tohospitalizehim.

C.Toperformaminorsurgery.

D.Totransferhimtoaspecialist.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Whathappened?

M:Iwasinafightandgotmyheadhurt.

W:Wereyouknockedout?

M:No.

W:IwantyoutogoforanX-ray.Andcomebacktome.You’llneedsomestitchesforthatwound.

Q:Whatisthedoctorgoingtodofortheman?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。醫(yī)生告訴男士先去做X光，回來后傷口需要縫針。

14.翻譯題

5.Afascinatingcitybetweenseaandsky,likeVenusrisingfromthewaves,Venicewelcomestouristsfromthefivecontinentsdrawntoherbythecharmofherwaterandpellucidlight,freefromalldustandcooledbytheseabreeze.ShealsoofferstheintellectualpleasurestobederivedfromhermasterpieceswhichmarkthemeetingofEastandWest.

【答案】【參考譯文】

5.威尼斯水城海天相連，景色迷人，宛如碧波中涌現(xiàn)的維納斯，吸引著五大洲的游客。她水色旖旎，波光粼粼，清風(fēng)拂面而來，掃去你心中的不快與煩惱。而城市中那些集東西方藝術(shù)之大成的杰作，更給人以精神上的享受。

15.單選題

Thelocalresidentswereunhappyaboutthecurfewinthisregionanddecidedto（）it.

問題1選項

A.defy

B.disguise

C.disgrace

D.distress

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。defy“藐視；公然反抗”；disguise“偽裝”；disgrace“給……丟臉”；distress“使背痛；使貧困”。根據(jù)residentswereunhappyaboutthecurfew“居民對宵禁不滿”，可知他們決定“反抗”，選項A符合題意。

16.單選題

Janet_____hersisterforeavesdroppingonherphonecalls.“Stayoutofmylovelife,”shechided.

問題1選項

A.upbraided

B.begrudged

C.underlined

D.grilled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項“責(zé)罵”，B項“嫉妒”，C項“強調(diào)”，D項“盤問；審問”。結(jié)合句意：Janet姐姐偷聽她的電話?！皠e插手我的愛情生活，”她斥責(zé)道。所以選A項。

17.單選題

Advanceinsciencemoreoftenthannotencounterspowerfulopposition,（）Darwin’sTheoryofEvolution.

問題1選項

A.aswasthecasewith

B.suchasthecaseof

C.asitdidwith

D.asinthecaseof

【答案】A

【解析】考查as的用法。as在句中是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，經(jīng)常用于asis/wasthecasewith結(jié)構(gòu)中，用具體事例說明主句的概括和結(jié)論。句意：科學(xué)的進(jìn)步往往遭到強烈的反對，達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論便是如此。因此A選項正確。

18.單選題

AntiwarchampionRep.JohnMurthawantstoattachconditionsontheimpendingsupplemental_______billtofundthewar.

問題1選項

A.approbations

B.approximations

C.apprehensions

D.appropriations

【答案】D

【解析】approbation官方批準(zhǔn),認(rèn)可;approximation接近,近似值;apprehension理解,恐懼,逮捕；appropriation挪用,撥款。句意：反戰(zhàn)派共和黨員JohnMurtha希望對即將通過的為戰(zhàn)爭提供資金的追加撥款法案附加條件。選項D符合句意。

19.單選題

I’d（）hisreputationwithotherfarmersandbusinesspeopleinthecommunity,andthenmakeadecisionaboutwhetherornottoapprovealoan.

問題1選項

A.takeintoaccount

B.accountfor

C.makeupfor

D.makeout

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我會考慮到這個地區(qū)其他農(nóng)民和商人對他的評價，然后決定是否批準(zhǔn)貸款。

考查短語辨析。takeintoaccount考慮;重視;體諒;accountfor對…負(fù)有貴任：對…做出解釋;說明…的原因；makeupfor補償；彌補；makeout辨認(rèn)出;說明;填寫;設(shè)法應(yīng)付。動詞短語的賓語是hisreputation(對他的評價)，因此A項符合句意。

20.單選題

Shewaskeento________acause,andhasbecomeanadvocateagainstchildobesity.

問題1選項

A.makeup

B.giveup

C.takeup

D.raiseup

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.makeup組成，編造B.giveup放棄，讓出

C.takeup從事，開始工作D.raiseup舉起，抬起

【考查點】動詞詞組辨析。

【解題思路】空格處和下文的“acause（事業(yè)）”構(gòu)成動賓邏輯，bekeentodosth.是固定搭配，意為“熱衷于做某事”，表示她熱衷于怎么樣這項事業(yè)。后半句說到“已經(jīng)成為反對兒童肥胖的倡導(dǎo)者（becomeanadvocate）”，由此可知，這項事業(yè)指的是反對兒童肥胖，她應(yīng)該是從事著反對兒童肥胖的工作并熱衷于此。takeup指從事某項工作，因此C選項takeup“從事，開始工作”最符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項makeup“組成，編造”指將不同的部分組合在一起或為了欺騙和娛樂而編造故事，不能和“cause（事業(yè)）”進(jìn)行搭配；

B選項giveup“放棄，讓出”指停止嘗試做某事或擁有某物，與題干語義相矛盾，應(yīng)該是“從事工作”而不是“放棄工作”；

D選項raiseup“舉起，抬起”指把某物舉起或移動到更高的水平，側(cè)重于物理意義上的抬高，不能和“cause（事業(yè)）”進(jìn)行搭配。

【句意】她熱衷于從事這項事業(yè)，并且已經(jīng)成為反對兒童肥胖的倡導(dǎo)者。

21.單選題

Theyoungwoman’sheartrevoltedagainstso（）acharge,andwhenshesawthatshecouldattempttodonothingtosaveherprotector,sheweptbitterly.

問題1選項

A.blessed

B.monstrous

C.heinous

D.grievous

【答案】C

【解析】句意:年輕的夫人堅決地抗議這種污蔑。當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無力拯救保護(hù)人吋，便痛苦地哭泣起來。

考查形容詞辨析。blessed幸福的，受祝福的，神圣的;monstrous巨大的，怪異的；heinous極惡毒的，道德敗壞的，可恨的；grievous痛苦的，劇烈的。因此C符合句意。

22.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Psychologicallytherearetwodangerstobeguardedagainstinoldage.Oneoftheseisundueabsorptionsinthepast.Itdoesnotdotoliveinmemories,inregretsforthegoodolddays,orinsadnessaboutfriendswhoaredead.One’sthoughtsmustbedirectedtothefuture,andtothingsaboutwhichthereissomethingtobedone.Thisisnotalwayseasy;one’sownpastisagraduallyincreasingweight.Itiseasytothinktooneselfthatone’semotionsusedtobemorevividthantheyare,andone’smindmorekeen.Ifthisistrueitshouldbeforgotten,andifitisforgottenitwillprobablynotbetrue.

Myfavoritequotationisthesentenceabove,writtenbyDisraeli.Ithashelpedmethroughmanyapainfulexperience.Oftenweallowourselvestobeupsetsmallthingsweshoulddespiseandforget.Perhapssomemanwehelpedhasprovedungrateful...somewomanwebelievedtobeafriendhasspokenillofus...somerewardwethoughtwedeservedhasbeendeniedus.Wefeelsuchearthdisappointmentsostronglythatwecannolongerworkorsleep.But,isn’tthatabsurd?Hereweareonthisearth,withonlyafewmoredecadestolive,andwelosemanyirreplaceablehoursbroodingovergrievancesthat,inayear’stime,willbeforgottenbyusandbyeverybody.No,letusdevoteourlifetoworthwhileactionsandfeelings,togreatthoughts,realaffectionsandenduringundertakings.Forlifeistooshorttobelittle.

【答案】從心理上講，人到老年有兩種危險需要防范。一種是對過去的過度吸收。不能活在回憶中，活在對過去美好時光的悔恨中，活在對死去的朋友的悲傷中。人的思想必須指向未來，指向未來需要完成的事情。這并不總是容易的。一個人的過去是一份不斷加重的負(fù)擔(dān)，人們?nèi)菀渍J(rèn)為自己過去的情感比現(xiàn)在強烈，過去的頭腦比現(xiàn)在敏銳。如果這是真的，就應(yīng)該忘記它；如果它能被忘掉，那么它將不是事實。

我最喜歡的引語就是上面這句由迪斯雷利寫的話。它幫助我度過了許多痛苦的經(jīng)歷。我們通常讓自己為一些我們本應(yīng)不屑一顧，拋諸腦后的小事苦惱?？赡苁俏覀儙椭^的某人忘恩負(fù)義……那些我們以為是朋友的某女士在背后詆毀我們……沒能得到我們自認(rèn)為應(yīng)得的獎賞。我們對這些事情感到極度失望，以至于難以工作和睡覺。但是，這不是很荒唐嗎？我們在這個地球上，只有幾十年生命，可是卻浪費了許多一去不復(fù)返的時間去沉思那些在一年之內(nèi)自己與別人都會忘懷的冤屈。不！讓我們把生命奉獻(xiàn)給有價值的行為和感情，奉獻(xiàn)給偉大的思想、真正的情感和不朽的事業(yè)。因為生命太短，不能被瑣事耽誤。

23.翻譯題

1.Wecansayalotofthingsaboutthose(

)（畢生致力于詩歌的人）:theyarepassionate,impulsive,andunique.

2.Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter,

(

)

（否則她上周就該回信了）.

3.Nancyissupposedto

(

)

（做完化學(xué)實驗）atleasttwoweeksago.

4.Neveronce

(

)（老兩口互相爭吵）sincetheyweremarried40yearsago.

5.

(

)（一個國家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于）thequalityofeducationofitspeople.

【答案】1.Wecansayalotofthingsaboutthosewhohavespenttheirwholelivesonpoems

（畢生致力于詩歌的人）:theyarepassionate,impulsive,andunique.

2.Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter,orsheshouldhaverepliedtomelastweek

（否則她上周就該回信了）.

3.Nancyissupposedtohavefinishedherchemistryexperiments（做完化學(xué)實驗）atleasttwoweeksago.

4.Neveroncehastheoldcouplequarreledwitheachother

（老兩口互相爭吵）sincetheyweremarried40yearsago.

5.Theprosperityofanationislargelydependentupon

（一個國家未來的繁榮在很大程度上有賴于）thequalityofeducationofitspeople.

24.單選題

Noonewouldhavetimetoreadorlistentoanaccountofeverything_____goingonintheworld.

問題1選項

A.itis

B.thereis

C.asis

D.whatis

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知everything為定語從句的先行詞，everything后面所接部分是修飾everything的定語從句；thereis結(jié)構(gòu)作“目前有的”解時，可引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，置于被修飾的名詞后面，作該從句主語的關(guān)系代詞that常常省略。

25.單選題

Peoplewillbelookingintoseehowgoodwearenowandwhetheroursuccesshasjustbeena（）inthepan.

問題1選項

A.flare

B.glitter

C.spark

D.flash

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項flare“閃耀”；B選項glitter“燦爛”；C選項spark“火花”；D選項flash“閃光”。句意：人們會來看看我們現(xiàn)在有多好，我們的成功是否只是曇花一現(xiàn)。flashinthepan，固定搭配，“曇花一現(xiàn)”。因此D選項正確。

26.單選題

Thedifferenceintoneandlanguagemuststrikeus,assoonasitisphilosophythatspeaks:thatchangeshouldremindusthatevenifthefunctionofreligionandthatofreasoncoincide.Thisfunctionisperformedinthetwocasesbyverydifferentorgans.Religionsaremany,reasonone.Religionconsistsofconsciousideas,hopes,enthusiasms,andobjectsofworship;itoperatesbygraceandflourishesbyprayer.Reason,ontheotherhand,isamereprincipleorpotentialorder,onwhichindeedwemaycometoreflectbutwhichexistsinusideallyonly,withoutvariationorstressofanykind.Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,notcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.Religionbringssomeorderintolifebyweightingitwithnewmaterials.Reasonaddstothenaturalmaterialsonlytheperfectorderwhichitintroducesintothem.Rationalityisnothingbutaform,anideal.constitutionwhichexperiencemaymoreorlessembody.Religionisapartofexperienceitself,amassofsentimentsandideas.Theoneisaninviolateprinciple,theotherachangingandstrugglingforce.Andyetthisstrugglingandchangingforceofreligionseemstodirectmantowardsomethingeternal.Itseemstomakeforanultimateharmonywithinthesoulandforanultimateharmonybetweenthesoulandallthatthesouldependsupon.Religion,initsintentisamoreconsciousanddirectpursuitoftheLifeofReasonthanissociety.Science,orart,fortheseapproachandfillouttheideallifetentativelyandpiecemeal,hardlyregardingthefoalorcaringfortheultimatejustificationoftheinstinctiveaims.Religionalsohasaninstinctiveandblindsideandbubblesupinallmannerofchancepracticesandintuitions;soon,however,itfeelsitswaytowardtheheartorthings,andfromwhateverquarteritmaycome,veersinthedirectionoftheultimate.

Nevertheless,wemustconfessthatthisreligiouspursuitoftheLifeofReasonhasbeensingularlyabortive.Thosewithinthepaleofeachreligionmayprevailuponthemselves,toexpresssatisfactionwithitsresults,thankstoafondpartialityinreadingthepastandgenerousdraughtsofhopeforthefuture;butanyoneregardingthevariousreligionsatonceandcomparingtheirachievementswithwhatreasonrequires,mustfeelhowterribleisthedisappointmentwhichtheyhaveoneandallpreparedformankind.Theirchiefanxietyhasbeentoofferimaginaryremediesformortalills,someofwhichareincurableessentially,whileothersmighthavebeenreallycuredbywell-directedeffort.TheGreedoracles,forinstance,pretendedtohealoutnaturalignorance,whichhasitsappropriatethoughdifficultcure,whiletheChristianvisionofheavenpretendedtobeanantidotetoournaturaldeath—theinevitablecorrelateofbirthandofachangingandconditionedexistence.Bymethodsofthissortlittlecanbedonefortherealbettermentoflife.Toconfuseintelligenceanddislocatesentimentbygratuitousfictionsisashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness.Natureissoonavenged.Anunhealthyexaltationandaone-sidedmoralityhavetobefollowedbyregrettablereactions.Whenthesecome.Therealrewardsoflifemayseemvaintoarelaxedvitality,andtheverynameofvirtuemayirritateyoungspiritsuntrainedinnaturalexcellence.Thusreligiontoooftendebauchesthemoralityitcomestosanctionandimpedesthescienceitoughttofulfill.

Whatisthesecretofthisineptitude?Whydoesreligion,soneartorationalityinitspurpose,fallsoshortofitinresults?Theansweriseasy;religionpursuesrationalitythroughtheimagination.Whenitexplainseventsorassignscauses,itisanimaginativesubstituteforscience.Whenitgivesprecepts,insinuatesideals,orremoldsaspiration,itisanimaginativesubstituteforwisdom—Imeanforthedeliberateandimpartialpursuitofallfood.Theconditionandtheaimsoflifearebothrepresentedinreligionpoetically,butthispoetrytendstoarrogatetoitselfliteraltruthandmoralauthority,neitherofwhichitpossesses.Hencethedepthandimportanceofreligionbecomesintelligiblenolessthanitscontradictionsandpracticaldisasters.Itsobjectisthesameasthatofreason,butitsmethodistoproceedbyintuitionandbyuncheckedpoeticalconceits.

1.Asusedinthepassage,theauthorwoulddefine"wisdom"as（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,sciencediffersfromreligioninthat（

）.

4.Theauthorstatesthatreligiondiffersfromrationalityinthat（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepursuitofreligionhasprovedtobe（

）.

問題1選項

A.thepursuitofrationalitythroughimagination.

B.anunemotionalsearchforthetruth.

C.apurposefulandunbiasedquestforwhatisbest.

D.ashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness

問題2選項

A.Religionseeksthetruththroughimagination,reason.Initssearch,utilizestheemotions.

B.Religionhasprovedanineffectivetoolinsolvingman’sproblems.

C.Scienceseeksapiecemealsolutiontoman’squestions.

D.Thefunctionsofphilosophyandreasonarethesame.

問題3選項

A.itisunawareofultimategoals.

B.itisunimaginative.

C.itsfindingsareexactandfinal.

D.itresemblessocietyandart.

問題4選項

A.itreliesonintuitionratherthanreasoning.

B.itisnotconcernedwiththeultimatejustificationofitsinstinctiveaims.

C.ithasdisappointedmankind.

D.ithasinspiredmankind.

問題5選項

A.imaginative

B.aproviderofhopeforthefuture

C.ahighlyintellectualactivity

D.ineffectual

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段指出:宗教是通過想象來追逐理性，當(dāng)它解釋事件或闡明原因時，以虛構(gòu)的想象來取代科學(xué)，當(dāng)它訓(xùn)誡，暗示理想或者重塑抱負(fù)時，以想象代替智慧——智慧的意思是指有意識而又公正的追求一切好東西。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。參照第一段的第4句話，“不論我們是否遵循理性，它不會催促或責(zé)備我們，除了以事物的本來面目和比例揭示各種事物而自然而然的激起我們的感情，它并不需要我們付出任何感情。”即理性是非感情的。因此A項“宗教通過想象力尋求真理，而理性的探索卻運用感情”是不正確的。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。參考第一段倒數(shù)第二句話:(宗教)無視目的，也不管其本能的目標(biāo)是否最終證明正確,故選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。參考第一段中:宗教的掙扎與不斷變化的力量似乎促使人追求某種永恒的東西，它似乎追求靈魂的最終和諧以及靈魂與靈魂所依賴的一起事物之間的永恒的和諧。因此D項(它激起人類情感)正確。

5.態(tài)度方向。第二段指出：我們得承認(rèn)宗教追求理性生活一直是流產(chǎn)了（很失?。?。故選D項(無效)。

27.單選題

Itisalsoimportanttohavesomethingthatcancleanwaterandkill（）,sowaterfromothersourcescanbemadesafetodrink.

問題1選項

A.plasmodia

B.bacteria

C.criteria

D.malaria

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。plasmodia“瘧原蟲；bacteria“細(xì)菌”；criteria“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，條件”；malaria“痢疾，瘴氣”。句意：有可以清潔水并可以殺死細(xì)菌的東西很重要，這樣的話來自其他來源的水也可以安全飲用。只有清潔的水，并且水里面的細(xì)菌被殺死了，才是可以安全飲用的水。故B項正確。

28.單選題

Ourjourneywasslowbecausethetrainstopped（）atdifferentvillages.

問題1選項

A.gradually

B.continuously

C.constantly

D.continually

【答案】D

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。gradually逐漸地；continuously連續(xù)不斷地；constantly不斷地，時常地；continually不斷地，頻繁地。句意：我們的旅行很慢，因為火車頻繁地在不同的村莊?？?。選項D更符合語境。

29.翻譯題

Motherlanguages,alongwithlinguisticdiversity,matterfortheidentityofindividuals.Assourcesofcreativityandvehiclesforculturalexpression,theyarealsoimportantforthehealthofsocieties.Notleast,languagesarefactorsfordevelopmentandgrowth.Weknowhowimportanteducationinthemotherlanguageisforlearningoutcomes.Motherlanguageinstructionisapowerfulwaytofightdiscriminationandreachouttomarginalizedpopulation.Aswellspringsofknowledge,languagesarealsostartingpointsforgreatersustainabilityindevelopment,formanagingmoreharmoniouslyourrelationshipwiththeenvironmentandchange.

【答案】母語，以及語言多樣性，對個體的身份認(rèn)同至關(guān)重要。作為創(chuàng)造力的來源和文化表達(dá)的工具，它們對社會的健康也很重要。重要的是，語言是發(fā)展和增長的因素。我們知道母語教育對學(xué)習(xí)成果的重要性。母語教學(xué)是消除歧視和接觸邊緣人口的有力途徑。語言作為知識的源泉，也是提高發(fā)展可持續(xù)性、更和諧地管理我們與環(huán)境和變革的關(guān)系的起點。

30.單選題

Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury,itmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.

Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguagehere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.

TodaynosuchseverelackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandthelanguagemightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlyattherighttime,buttheprocessisslowandhardoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.

Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeahighIQ.Attwelveweeksababysmilesandmakesvowel-likesounds,attwelvemonthshecanspeaksimplewordsandunderstandsimplecommands,ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreetofiftywords.Atthreeheknowsabout1000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfourheknowshislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinstyleratherthangrammar.

Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbornwiththecapacityofspeaking.Whatisspecialaboutman'sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,isthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern"toy-bear".Andevenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain'sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.

Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechi