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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天府新區(qū)信息職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Inthe7thcenturyBC,alawgivernamedDracodrewupaveryharshcodethatpunishedoffenses,nomatterhowtrivial,withdeath.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rough

B.minor

C.illegal

D.hidden

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。trivial表示“不重要的,瑣碎的,瑣細(xì)的”;A項(xiàng)rough“粗糙的,粗略的,粗野的”,B項(xiàng)minor“輕微的,次要的,較小的”,C項(xiàng)illegal“非法的,違法的,違反規(guī)則的”,D項(xiàng)hidden“隱藏的”。句意:公元前7世紀(jì),一位名叫德拉古的立法者起草了一項(xiàng)非常嚴(yán)厲的法典,以死刑懲罰無(wú)論多么微不足道的犯罪行為。根據(jù)句意可知trivial在句中表示“微不足道的”,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中意思與之相近的是B項(xiàng)。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

在某種物理障礙物的后面,人們會(huì)感到安全。如果一種社會(huì)場(chǎng)景在某種方式上具有威脅性,那么就有必要設(shè)立這樣的一種障礙。當(dāng)一個(gè)小孩面對(duì)陌生人時(shí),它會(huì)躲在母親的身后,然后偷偷地觀察闖入者下一少做什么。如果母親不在身邊,椅子或者其他的家具之類(lèi)的東西也可以,那么小孩面對(duì)陌生人的問(wèn)題就會(huì)得到解決。如果陌生人堅(jiān)持地向它靠近,那張窺探的面孔也會(huì)一起藏起來(lái)。如果這位不敏感的闖入者繼續(xù)靠近的話,雖然孩子已經(jīng)明顯表現(xiàn)出恐懼,那么小孩可能別無(wú)選擇地哭泣或逃跑。

這種模式隨著孩子的成熟,會(huì)逐漸地減少。但是在少女中,仍然可以發(fā)現(xiàn)他們咯咯笑的時(shí)候會(huì)用手或紙捂著面孔。在我們成年之后,童年時(shí)期的躲藏以及青少年時(shí)期的害羞在我們勇敢地見(jiàn)我們的客人、同伴、親戚、同事以及客戶(hù)的時(shí)候,就會(huì)全部地消失。

【答案】【參考譯文】

Behindsomekindofphysicalbarrier,peoplefeelsafe.Ifasocialscenarioisthreateninginsomeway,itisnecessarytoerectsuchabarrier.Whenachildfacesastranger,ithidesbehinditsmotherandsecretlywatcheswhattheintruderdoesnext.Ifthemotherisn'taround,achairorotherpieceoffurniturewilldo,andthechild'sproblemwithstrangerswillbesolved.Ifthestrangerpersistedinapproachingit,thepeepingfacewouldhidewithhim.Iftheinsensitiveintrudercontinuestoapproach,thechildmayhavenochoicebuttocryorrunaway,eventhoughfearisalreadyevident.

Thispatterndiminishesasthechildgrowsup.Butamongteenagegirls,theycanstillbefoundgigglingwiththeirhandsorpaperovertheirfaces.Afterwereachadulthood,thehidingofchildhoodandtheshynessofadolescencealldisappearwhenwebravelymeetourguests,companions,relatives,colleaguesandclients.

3.單選題

heflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement,(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichencouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

B.whichencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

C.encouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

D.thatencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。本句考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。主句是Theflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement,后面which作為關(guān)系代詞指代thefeministmovement,在從句中作為主語(yǔ),意思是“女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)女性去提高她們?cè)诰蜆I(yè)市場(chǎng)的技能”,故正確答案選B。

4.單選題

Weallknowthatmanymorepeopletodayareright-handedthanleft-handed.Canonetracethissamepatternfarbackinprehistory?Muchoftheevidenceaboutright-handversusleft-handdominancecomesfromstencilsandprintsfoundinrocksheltersinAustraliaandelsewhere,andinmanyIceAgecavesinFrance,Spain,andTasmania.Whenalefthandhasbeenstenciled,thisimpliesthattheartistwasright-handed,andviceversa.Eventhoughthepaintwasoftensprayedonbymonth,onecanassumethatthedominanthandassistedintheoperation.Onealsohastomaketheassumptionthathandswerestenciledpalmdownward—alefthandstenciledpalmupwardmightofcourselookasifitwerearighthand.Of158stencilsintheFrenchcaveofGargas,136havebeenidentifiedasleft,andonly22asright;right-handednesswasthereforeheavilypredominant.

Caveartfurnishesothertypesofevidenceofthisphenomenon.Mostengravings,forexample,arebestlitfromtheleft,asbefitstheworkofright-handedartists,whogenerallyprefertohavethelightsourceontheleftsothattheshadowoftheirhanddoesnotfallonthetipoftheengravingtoolorbrush.InthefewcaseswhereanIceAgefigureisdepictedholdingsomething,itismostly,thoughnotalways,intherighthand.

Cluestoright-handednesscanalsobefoundbyothermethods.Right-handerstendtohavelonger,stronger,andmoremuscularbonesontherightside,andMarcellinBouleaslongagoas1911notedtheLaChapelle-aux-SaintsNeanderthalskeletonhadarightupperarmbonethatwasnoticeablystrongerthantheleft.SimilarobservationshavebeenmadeonotherNeanderthalskeletonssuchasLaFerrassieIandNeanderthalitself.

Fracturesandothercutmarksareanothersourceofevidence.Right-handedsoldierstendtobewoundedontheleft.Theskeletonofa40-or50-year-oldNabateanwarrior,buried2,000yearsagointheNegevDesert,Israel,hadmultiplehealedfracturestotheskull,theleftarm,andtheribs.

Toolsthemselvescanberevealing.Long-handedNeolithicspoonsofyewwoodpreservedinAlpinevillagesdatingto3000B.C.havesurvived;thesignsofrubbingontheirleftsideindicatethattheiruserswereright-handed.ThelateIceAgeropefoundintheFrenchcaveofLascauxconsistsoffibersspiralingtotheright,andwasthereforetressedbyaright-hander.

Occasionallyonecandeterminewhetherstonetoolswereusedintherighthandortheleft,anditisevenpossibletoassesshowfarbackthisfeaturecanbetraced.Instonetoolmakingexperiments,NickToth,aright-hander,heldthecore(thestonethatwouldbecomethetool)inhislefthandandthehammerstoneinhisright.Asthetoolwasmade,thecorewasrotatedclockwise,andtheflakes,removedinsequence,hadalittlecrescentofcortex(thecore’soutersurface)ontheside.Toth’sknappingproduced56percentflakeswiththecortexontheright,and44percentleft-orientedflakes.Aleft-handedtoolmakerwouldproducetheoppositepatternTothhasappliedthesecriteriatothesimilarlymadepebbletoolsfromanumberofearlysites(before1.5millionyears)atKoobiFora,Kenya,probablymadebyHomohabilis.Atsevensiteshefoundthat57percentoftheflakeswereright-oriented,and43percentleft,apatternalmostidenticaltothatproducedtoday.

About90percentofmodernhumansareright-handed:wearetheonlymammalwithapreferentialuseofonehand.Thepartofthebrainresponsibleforfinecontrolandmovementislocatedintheleftcerebralhemisphere,andthefindingsabovesuggestthatthehumanbrainwasalreadyasymmetricalinitsstructureandfunctionnotlongafter2millionyearsago.AmongNeanderthalersof70,000-35,000yearsago,MarcellinBoulenotedthattheLaChapelle-aux-Saintsindividualhadalefthemisphereslightlybiggerthantheright,andthesamewasfoundforbrainsofspecimensfromNeanderthal,Gibraltar,andLaQuina.

54.Allofthefollowingarementionedinparagraphs1and2asevidenceofright-handednessinartandartistsEXCEPT______.

55.TheLaChapelle-aux-SaintsNeanderthalskeletoncanbeidentifiedasright-handedbecause______.

56.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfracturesandcutmarkscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

57.WhydoestheauthormentiontheIceAgeropefoundintheFrenchcaveofLascaux?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theidealsourceoflightingformostengravings

B.thefactthatalefthandstenciledpalmupwardmightlooklikearighthand

C.theprevalenceofoutlinesoflefthands

D.figuresinprehistoricartholdingobjectswiththerighthand

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.otherNeanderthalskeletonsfoundnearbyarealsoright-handed

B.therightarmboneisstrongerthantheleft

C.itissimilartoskeletonsofLaFerrassieIandNeanderthal

D.therightsideoftheskeletonshowslessevidenceoffractures

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Fracturesandcutmarkscausedbyright-handedsoldierstendtooccurontherightsideoftheinjuredparty’sbody.

B.Therightarmsustainsmoreinjuriesbecause,asthedominantarm,itisusedmoreactively.

C.Inmostpeople,theleftsideofthebodyismorevulnerabletoinjurysinceitisnotdefendedeffectivelybythedominantarm.

D.Fracturesandcutmarksonfossilhumansprobablyoccurredafterdeath.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Asanexampleofanitemonwhichthemarksofwearimplythatitwasusedbyaright-handedperson.

B.Becausetressingisanactivitythatiseasierforaright-handedpersonthanforaleft-handedperson.

C.BecausethecaveofLascauxisthesitewhereresearchershavefoundseveralprehistorictoolsmadeforright-handedpeople.

D.Asanexampleofanitemwhoseconstructionshowsthatitwasmadebyaright-handedperson.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】54.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“除……外,以下所有內(nèi)容都在第1和第2段中提到,作為藝術(shù)和藝術(shù)家中慣用右手的證據(jù)”。根據(jù)第二段第二句Mostengravings,forexample,arebestlitfromtheleft,asbefitstheworkofright-handedartists,whogenerallyprefertohavethelightsourceontheleftsothattheshadowoftheirhanddoesnotfallonthetipoftheengravingtoolorbrush.(例如,大多數(shù)雕刻作品的光線最好從左邊照射,因?yàn)檫@很適合右手藝術(shù)家的作品,他們通常喜歡讓光線照在左邊,這樣他們的手的影子就不會(huì)落在雕刻工具或刷子的頂端。)可知,A項(xiàng)“是大多數(shù)雕刻品的理想的照明光源”。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句Onealsohastomaketheassumptionthathandswerestenciledpalmdownward—alefthandstenciledpalmupwardmightofcourselookasifitwerearighthand.Of158stencilsintheFrenchcaveofGargas,136havebeenidentifiedasleft,andonly22asright;right-handednesswasthereforeheavilypredominant.(我們不得不做出一種假設(shè):雙手是手掌朝下被印刷出來(lái)的,而手掌朝上印刷出來(lái)的左手當(dāng)然看起來(lái)像一只右手。在法國(guó)加爾加斯洞穴的158張模板中,有136張被確定為左手,只有22張是右手,因此,慣用右手的人占主導(dǎo)地位。)可知,C項(xiàng)“左手輪廓的盛行”是正確的,B項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上,用模板繪制的左手掌心向上可能看起來(lái)像右手”中的fact(事實(shí))與原文不符,原文提到的是assumption(假設(shè)),而不是“事實(shí)”。由第二段最后一句InthefewcaseswhereanIceAgefigureisdepictedholdingsomething,itismostly,thoughnotalways,intherighthand.(在少數(shù)幾個(gè)冰河時(shí)期的人物被描繪成拿著東西的例子中,雖然不全是但大多數(shù)都是用右手拿著東西。)可知,D項(xiàng)“史前藝術(shù)中的人物用右手拿著東西”也符合。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

55.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“LaChapelle-au-saints的尼安德特人骨骼可以被確定為右撇子,因?yàn)椤薄8鶕?jù)題干定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句Right-handerstendtohavelonger,stronger,andmoremuscularbonesontherightside,andMarcellinBouleaslongagoas1911notedtheLaChapelle-aux-SaintsNeanderthalskeletonhadarightupperarmbonethatwasnoticeablystrongerthantheleft.(右撇子的右側(cè)骨骼更長(zhǎng),更強(qiáng)壯,肌肉更發(fā)達(dá)。MarcellinBoule早在1911年提到的一塊名為L(zhǎng)aChapelle-aux-Saints的尼安德特人的右上臂骨骼明顯比左上臂強(qiáng)壯。)可知,B項(xiàng)“右臂骨頭比左臂骨頭強(qiáng)壯”符合原文。第三段最后一句指出SimilarobservationshavebeenmadeonotherNeanderthalskeletonssuchasLaFerrassieIandNeanderthalitself.(對(duì)其他尼安德特人的骨架的調(diào)查也得到了類(lèi)似的結(jié)果,例如LaFerrassieI和尼安德特人本身。)可知,名為L(zhǎng)aChapelle-au-saints的尼安德特人骨骼與其他尼安德特人、LaFerrassieI以及尼安德特人本身的骨骼都有類(lèi)似的特點(diǎn),即右臂骨頭比左臂骨頭強(qiáng)壯,并不是說(shuō)他們的骨骼是相似的,C項(xiàng)“它與LaFerrassieI和尼安德特人的骨骼相似”偷換概念;A項(xiàng)“附近發(fā)現(xiàn)的其他尼安德特人骨骼也是右撇子”這是在發(fā)現(xiàn)名為L(zhǎng)aChapelle-au-saints的尼安德特人骨骼被確定為右撇子之后法身的,A項(xiàng)不選。D項(xiàng)“右側(cè)骨骼骨折的證據(jù)較少”,這是證明右撇子的另外一個(gè)證據(jù),而不是證明名為L(zhǎng)aChapelle-au-saints的尼安德特人骨骼是右撇子的證據(jù)。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

56.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“下列關(guān)于骨折痕和割傷痕的陳述哪一個(gè)可以從文章中推斷出來(lái)?”。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第四段Fracturesandothercutmarksareanothersourceofevidence.Right-handedsoldierstendtobewoundedontheleft.Theskeletonofa40-or50-year-oldNabateanwarrior,buried2,000yearsagointheNegevDesert,Israel,hadmultiplehealedfracturestotheskull,theleftarm,andtheribs.(斷裂痕與割傷痕也是論據(jù)的另一來(lái)源。右撇子勇士一般都是左側(cè)容易受傷。在以色列的內(nèi)蓋夫的戈壁中被埋了2000多年的一個(gè)40-50歲之間的Nabatean勇士的骨架,在他的頭部、左臂和肋骨上有多處已愈合的傷痕。),從中可知,習(xí)慣使用右撇子的人左側(cè)受傷會(huì)更多,可以推斷這是由于右撇子的人的右側(cè)被占主導(dǎo)地位的右手保護(hù),所以左側(cè)受傷更多,A項(xiàng)“右撇子士兵造成的骨折和割傷往往發(fā)生在受傷方身體的右側(cè)”和B項(xiàng)“右臂受傷更多,因?yàn)橛冶圩鳛橹饕氖直?,使用更積極”錯(cuò)誤;C項(xiàng)“對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō),身體的左半邊更容易受傷,因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有被占主導(dǎo)地位的手臂有效地保護(hù)”符合題意。D項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)化石上的骨折和割傷很可能是死后造成的”沒(méi)有提到。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

57.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“為什么作者提到在法國(guó)Lascaux洞穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)的冰河時(shí)期的繩子?”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第五段Toolsthemselvescanberevealing…ThelateIceAgeropefoundintheFrenchcaveofLascauxconsistsoffibersspiralingtotheright,andwasthereforetressedbyaright-hander.(工具本身也會(huì)反映這一現(xiàn)象……在法國(guó)的Lascaux巖洞藝術(shù)找到的冰川時(shí)代末期的繩子是由向右旋轉(zhuǎn)的纖維捆成的,當(dāng)然也就證實(shí)了出自右撇子之手。),由此可以推斷,作者提到法國(guó)Lascaux洞穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)的冰河時(shí)期的繩子是為了對(duì)第五段第一句提供關(guān)于通過(guò)物品判斷右撇子的例證,D項(xiàng)“作為一件由右撇子制造的物品的例子”符合。A項(xiàng)“作為一件物品的例子,它的磨損痕跡表明它是由右撇子使用的”中的“磨損”并不屬于繩子上的。B項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榇┮路?duì)右撇子來(lái)說(shuō)比左撇子更容易”在該段落并未提及。C項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樵贚ascaux洞穴,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些為右撇子的人制作的史前工具”并不符合題干。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Manyartistsbelievethatsuccessfulimitationfarfrombeingsymptomaticofalackoforiginality,isthestepinlearningtobe().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.elegant

B.creative

C.confident

D.imaginary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。elegant“高雅的,優(yōu)雅的”;creative“創(chuàng)造性的”;confident“自信的,確信的”;imaginary“虛構(gòu)的”。根據(jù)分析句子可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)與originality相似的單詞,因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Hersadnesswasobvious,butshebelievedthatherfeelingofdepressionwas().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.torrent

B.transient

C.tensile

D.textured

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。torrent急流,激流;transient短暫的;tensile可伸長(zhǎng)的,可拉長(zhǎng)的;textured起紋理的,質(zhì)地不平的。能與feelingofdepression搭配的只有B項(xiàng)。句意:她很悲傷,但是她相信這種悲傷的感覺(jué)只是短暫的。故B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Mr.Leveeis()disabledduetoaterribletrafficaccidentandnothingcancompensateforhisphysicaldefects.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.momentarily

B.occasionally

C.permanently

D.accidentally

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)momentarily“隨時(shí)地,暫時(shí)地”;B選項(xiàng)occasionally“偶爾,間或”;C選項(xiàng)permanently“永久地,永遠(yuǎn)地”;D選項(xiàng)accidentally“意外地,偶然地”。句意:李維先生因一場(chǎng)可怕的交通事故導(dǎo)致終生殘疾,沒(méi)有什么能彌補(bǔ)他的身體缺陷。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知,C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.單選題

Airbnbannouncedthatit’sgoingafterthemajorhotelchains—whichatfirstsoundedkindofcute,likeaprecociousLittleLeaguepitchersayinghe’sgoingtostrikeoutMiguelCabrera.

ButwhenCEOBrianCheskylaidouthisthinkingformewhilesittingonabarrelinAirbnb’snew,funkyheadquartersinSanFrancisco,Ithoughttheinvestorswhohavepumped$326millionintothecompanymightnotbetoodim.Airbnbisbecomingmuchmorethanawaytospend$26anighttosleepinLondonwithfiveotherpeopleatTheImperialFleapit.

Infact,Airbnbislookinglikeaproofpointofatrendthathasbeengettingalotofattentionlately.ComerefertoitastheDIYfordoityourself-movement.VenturecapitalistHemantTaneja,lookingatitformadifferentangle,callsit“unsealing.”Cheskyusestheterm“decentralizedproduction.”MarcAndreessenhitontheconceptinamanifestoentitled“WhySoftwareIsEatingtheWorld.”

Itallpointstothesameidea:Informationtechnologyiserodingthepoweroflarge-scalemassproduction.We’reinsteadmovingtowardaworldofmassivenumbersofsmall-producersofferinguniquestuff—andofconsumerswhorejectmass-producedstuff.TheInternet,software,3Dprinting,socialnetworks,cloudcomputingandothertechnologiesaremakingthiseconomicallyfeasible—infactdesirable.

ThehotelindustryandthewayAirbnbthinksaboutit—isanexampleofhowthatisplayingout.ThereisafundamentaltruthaboutbighotelchainsthatisonlynowbeingexposedintheInternetage:Hotelchainsgrewoutofalackofinformation.

Inthemiddleoflastcenturycarsandhighwaysmadetheworldfarmoremobile.Manymorepeopletraveledtotownstheydidn’tknowandtheyneededplacestosleep.Theyhadnowaytoknowwhichhotelorboardinghousemightbeniceorofferamenitiestheywanted.Travelguides,likeMobil’spoppedupinthe1950s,butforthemostpartinformationremainedscarce.

Still,theunderlyingstoryofAirbnb,informationandthemajorhotelswillgetreplayedinlotsofindustriesinthenextfewyears:Massproductionandsamenessmeansafetywheninformation,intimacyandtrustdon’texist.AsinformationdeliveredgloballyandcheaplyovertheInternet,bringsbackintimacyandtrust,theadvantageofuniformityatscaleslipsaway.

41.Accordingtothepassage,Airbnbisahotelthatmightbe______.

42.Accordingtothepassage,thefutureofmassproductionwillbe______.

43.Accordingtothepassage,hotelchainswere______.

44.Accordingtothepassage,theadvantageofuniformityatscale______.

45.Whichofthefollowingmightbethetitleofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.famous

B.unique

C.funky

D.luxurious

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.feasible

B.desirable

C.economic

D.dim

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theresultofscarceinformation

B.theresultofinternetage

C.exposedtotheconsumers

D.theexampleofAirbnb

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.willcreatealotofindustries

B.willdecreasecostandemploymore

C.willbestrengthenedbyintimacy

D.willbeweakenedbyinformation

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheStylesofHotels.

B.TheChoiceofConsumers.

C.TheEndofMassProduction.

D.TheImportanceofinformation.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】41.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“Airbnb是一個(gè)什么樣的酒店?”。Famous“著名的”,unique“獨(dú)特的”,funky“時(shí)髦的”,luxurious“奢侈的”;文章講的是Airbnb宣布要趕超主流的連鎖酒店,通篇并沒(méi)有提及到它很著名或者獨(dú)特的地方,所以A、B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;第二段第二句話提到Airbnbisbecomingmuchmorethanawaytospend$26anighttosleepinLondon…(Airbnb酒店正變得不僅僅是一種在倫敦每晚花26美元與其他幾個(gè)人一起過(guò)夜的方式),由此可以看出Airbnb并非奢侈,D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;而第二段第一句話提到ButwhenCEOBrianCheskylaidouthisthinkingformewhilesittingonabarrelinAirbnb’snew,funkyheadquartersinSanFrancisco(但當(dāng)首席執(zhí)行官BrianChesky坐在位于舊金山的新和時(shí)髦的Airbnb總部的木桶上向我闡述他的想法時(shí)),由此可知Airbnb總部是newandfunky,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

42.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“未來(lái)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)將會(huì)……?”。Feasible“可行的”,desirable“令人滿(mǎn)意的”,economic“經(jīng)濟(jì)的”,dim“暗淡的”;第四段提到Itallpointstothesameidea:Informationtechnologyiserodingthepoweroflarge-scalemassproduction…(所有這些都指向同一個(gè)觀點(diǎn):信息技術(shù)正在侵蝕大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的力量。相反,我們正在走向一個(gè)由大量提供獨(dú)特產(chǎn)品的小生產(chǎn)商和拒絕大量生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)者組成的世界?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)、軟件、3D打印、社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)、云計(jì)算和其他技術(shù)正在使其在經(jīng)濟(jì)上可行——實(shí)際上是可取的),由此可以推斷出,批量生產(chǎn)的未來(lái)是暗淡的,信息技術(shù)會(huì)逐漸侵蝕大規(guī)模生產(chǎn),因此該題選D正確。

43.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干的意思是“連鎖酒店是……?”。由第五段第二句ThereisafundamentaltruthaboutbighotelchainsthatisonlynowbeingexposedintheInternetage:Hotelchainsgrewoutofalackofinformation.(關(guān)于大型連鎖酒店,有一個(gè)基本事實(shí),而這個(gè)事實(shí)只有在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代才得以暴露,那就是:連鎖酒店產(chǎn)生于信息匱乏),可知連鎖酒店是信息缺乏的結(jié)果,所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

44.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“規(guī)模一致性的優(yōu)勢(shì)會(huì)……?”。末段最后一句AsinformationdeliveredgloballyandcheaplyovertheInternet,bringsbackintimacyandtrust,theadvantageofuniformityatscaleslipsaway.(隨著信息通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在全球范圍內(nèi)以低廉的價(jià)格傳遞,人們會(huì)重新獲得隱私感和信任,規(guī)模一致的優(yōu)勢(shì)就會(huì)消失),由此可知規(guī)模一致的優(yōu)勢(shì)將會(huì)被信息削弱,所以D選項(xiàng)“被信息削弱”符合。A選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造許多工廠”、B選項(xiàng)“減少成本雇傭更多的員工”、C選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)隱私獲得加強(qiáng)”都不是規(guī)模一致性?xún)?yōu)勢(shì)的結(jié)果。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

45.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干的意思是“下面選項(xiàng)中最適合的標(biāo)題是什么?”。通篇文章是通過(guò)談?wù)摼W(wǎng)絡(luò)信息時(shí)代和連鎖酒店的發(fā)展,論述了批量生產(chǎn)的未來(lái)的暗淡。A選項(xiàng)“酒店風(fēng)格”,全文并沒(méi)有就酒店的風(fēng)格進(jìn)行討論;B選項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)者的選擇”,文中只是提及了我們會(huì)走向這樣一個(gè)世界,消費(fèi)者會(huì)拒絕批量大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的商品,全篇沒(méi)有就這事論述;D選項(xiàng)“信息的重要性”,文章圍繞信息和連鎖酒店來(lái)對(duì)比,體現(xiàn)了在未來(lái)人們會(huì)更加依賴(lài)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息,但是文章主旨還是闡述未來(lái)大批量生產(chǎn)行業(yè)的暗淡,所以C選項(xiàng)最符合。

9.單選題

Idon’tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot()todothattypeofwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compatible

B.convenient

C.consistent

D.competent

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析。compatible兼容的;convenient方便的;consistent始終如一的,堅(jiān)持的;competent勝任的;有能力的。句意:我認(rèn)為約翰遜不能勝任他的新工作,因?yàn)樗麤](méi)有一直堅(jiān)持做那種類(lèi)型的工作。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

試題答案C

10.單選題

Sincethecountryhasbeensufferingfrom()financialcrisisinthelasttwodecades,thedomesticmarketalwaysfluctuates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intermittent

B.irregular

C.random

D.queer

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:intermittent“間歇的;斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的”;B:irregular“不規(guī)則的”;C:random“隨機(jī)的”;D:queer“奇怪的,反常的”。句意:由于該國(guó)在過(guò)去二十年中一直遭受間歇性的金融危機(jī),國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)總是波動(dòng)。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境,A為正確答案。

11.翻譯題

Directions:Forthissection,youareaskedtoreadthefollowingshortpassagefirstandthentowriteacompositionentitled''WhichoneDoYouThinkIsMoreImportant,PleasureorLongevity?"Youshouldnotcopyanyofthesentencesinthefollowingpassage.Youshouldwritenolessthan150words.RemembertowriteclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.(15%)(Justforyourreference)

Peoplearealmostphobic(恐懼癥)abouthavingfun.increasinglyviewingthemselvesasfragile,vulnerable,readytodevelopcancerorheartdiseaseattheslightestprovocation(刺激).Inthenameofhealth,peoplegiveupmanyoftheirlifeenjoyments.Wehavenoquarrelwiththeevidencethatsomepleasures,likecigarettesmoking,highalcoholconsumption,addictivedrugs,drivingmuchtoofast,areunhealthyandshouldbeknockedoff.Butworryingtoomuchaboutanythingincludingcalories,salt,cancer,andcholesterol(膽固醇)canrobyourlifeofvitality.Livingoptimistically,withpleasure,zest,andcommitmentenrichesifnotlengthenslife.

Doyouagreetotheabovepointofview?Whichonedoyouthinkismoreimportant,pleasureorlongevity(長(zhǎng)壽)?GiveyourowncommentsandwritethemdownontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

12.單選題

Mrs.Jenkins,uponhearingthatherarmwasbroken,looked______atthedoctor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.jovially

B.plaintively

C.fortuitously

D.opportunely

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.jovially高興地;愉快地B.plaintively哀怨地,傷心地

C.fortuitously偶然地,意外地D.opportunely及時(shí)地;恰好地

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息herarmwasbroken(她的胳膊斷了)可知,空格處填入“傷心地”符合句意。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】詹金斯太太聽(tīng)到她的胳膊斷了,悲傷地看著醫(yī)生。

13.單選題

Forthesuccessoftheproject,thecompanyshould()themostoftheopportunitiesathand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obtain

B.grasp

C.catch

D.make

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obtain“獲得;流行”;B選項(xiàng)grasp“抓牢,握緊;試圖抓住;理解,領(lǐng)悟;毫不猶豫地抓住(機(jī)會(huì))”;C選項(xiàng)catch“趕上;抓?。桓腥?;了解”;D選項(xiàng)make“使得;進(jìn)行;布置,準(zhǔn)備,整理;制造;認(rèn)為;獲得;形成;安排;引起”。seize/grasp/grab/taketheopportunity“抓住機(jī)會(huì)”,句中的themostof修飾theopportunities,可視為shouldgrasp(themostof)theopportunities。句意:為了項(xiàng)目的成功,公司應(yīng)該抓住大部分到手的機(jī)會(huì)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

______isknowntoall,gasesexpandandcontractwiththeincreaseanddecreaseoftemperature.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Which

B.As

C.That

D.It

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意:眾所周知,氣體隨著溫度的升高和降低而膨脹和收縮。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。B選項(xiàng)as關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,指代主句內(nèi)容;其引導(dǎo)從句比較靈活,可以放句首,也可以放句中或句末;asisknowntoall可以看作asweallknow的被動(dòng)式。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Hisstrongsenseofhumorwas()makeeveryoneintheroomburstoutlaughing.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.soasto

B.suchasto

C.sothat

D.suchthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)soasto“以便;以致”;B選項(xiàng)suchasto“到如此程度以致;像這個(gè)樣子因而”;C選項(xiàng)sothat“以便;所以”;D選項(xiàng)suchthat“如此……以至于”。to后面不能直接加句子,排除A/B,sothat雖然可以是一個(gè)詞組,但是在這個(gè)句子里,修飾的是“sense”,是個(gè)名詞,應(yīng)該用such。句意:他強(qiáng)烈的幽默感使房間里的每個(gè)人都捧腹大笑。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Don’tcarewhathesaid.Youknow,itwassaidina()ofanger.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fit

B.ray

C.grain

D.layer

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)afitof“突發(fā)一陣,陣發(fā)”;B選項(xiàng)arayof“一線”;C選項(xiàng)agrainof“一點(diǎn)點(diǎn);一些”D選項(xiàng)alayerof“一層”。句意:不用管他說(shuō)什么。你知道,這是在憤怒中說(shuō)的。這里指“陣發(fā)的憤怒”,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

A()surgeoncanbeasdangerousasarecruitwithagunhedoesnotknowhowtohandle.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.professional

B.negligent

C.competent

D.mellow

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。professional“專(zhuān)業(yè)的”;negligent“疏忽的,粗心大意的”;competent“能勝任的,有能力的”;mellow“圓潤(rùn)的;柔和的”。句意:一名粗心外科醫(yī)生的危險(xiǎn)性好比一名不會(huì)使用槍的新兵拿著一把槍。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

18.單選題

Amajorreasonforconflictintheanimalworldisterritory.Themaleanimalestablishesanarea.Thesizeoftheareaissufficienttoprovidefoodforhim,hismateandtheiroffspring.Migratingbirds,forexample,usedupthebestterritoryintheorderof“firstcome,first(1).”Thelatearrivalsmayacquire(2)territories,butlessfoodisavailable,ortheyaretooclosetothe(3)oftheenemiesofthespecies.(4)thereisreallyinsufficientfoodorthedangerisverygreat,theanimalwillnot(5).Inthisway,themembersofthespecieswhicharelessfitwillnothaveoffspring.Whenthereisconflict(6)territory,animalswillcommonlyuseforce,orashowofforce,todecidewhichwillstayandwhichwillgo.Itisinterestingtonote,(7),thatanimalsseemtouseonlytheminimumamountofforce(8)todriveawaytheintruder.Thereisusuallynokilling.Inthecaseofthoseani?malswhicharecapableof(9)eachothergreatharm,(10)isasystemforthelosinganimaltoshowthewinninganimalthathewishestosubmit.Whenheshowsthis,thevictornormallystopsfighting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.use

B.serve

C.served

D.used

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.larger

B.better

C.smaller

D.worse

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.caves

B.nests

C.residences

D.habitats

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Neither

B.If

C.Since

D.Because

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.breed

B.produce

C.mate

D.compete

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.over

C.with

D.by

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.moreover

B.henceforth

C.however

D.yet

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.compulsory

B.essential

C.necessary

D.vital

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.doing

B.made

C.given

D.sending

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.this

B.that

C.it

D.there

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:D

【解析】(1)考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)上下文,遷徙的候鳥(niǎo)按先到先得的順序占用領(lǐng)地,所以firstcome,firstserve符合文章意思。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(2)考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)下文“butlessfoodisavailable”,可以推斷這塊領(lǐng)土面積更大,但是食物較少,larger和less形成對(duì)比。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(3)名詞詞義辨析。cave“洞穴”;nest“鳥(niǎo)巢”;residence“人的住處”;habitat“動(dòng)物柄息地”。根據(jù)文意,這些領(lǐng)地離敵對(duì)物種的棲息地較近。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

(4)考查上下文語(yǔ)義,如果食物太少或者領(lǐng)地太危險(xiǎn),這些動(dòng)物是不會(huì)交配的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(5)考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)下文“themembersofthespecieswhicharelessfitwillnothaveoffspring.”不那么容易適應(yīng)環(huán)境的物種就不會(huì)有后代,可推斷出談?wù)摰膭?dòng)物的交配問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(6)介詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文,如果在領(lǐng)土方面存在沖突,動(dòng)物們通常會(huì)使用武力決定誰(shuí)走誰(shuí)留。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

(7)考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)上文“animalswillcommonlyuseforce”和下文“theminimumamountofforce”,可知?jiǎng)游镉梦淞φ紦?jù)領(lǐng)地,用最少的武力趕走入侵者,所以前后形成對(duì)比,有轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(8)形容詞詞義辨析。compulsory“義務(wù)的”;essential“基本的,實(shí)質(zhì)的”;vital“重大的,至關(guān)重要的”;necessary“必要的”句意:動(dòng)物往往在必要的時(shí)候用最小的武力來(lái)驅(qū)趕侵略者。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(9)考查固定搭配。dosb.harm/doharmtosb.對(duì)某人造成傷害,句意:對(duì)于那些能夠相互造成巨大傷害的動(dòng)物,有一種方式,可以讓輸?shù)膭?dòng)物向贏的動(dòng)物表明順從的意愿。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

(10)考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。therebe為固定用法,表示“某地有某物”,選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

19.單選題

Youmustbe(

)whenbuyingausedcar;besuretheengineisingoodcondition.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.weary

B.zealous

C.wary

D.wily

【答案】C

【解析】weary疲倦的,厭煩的;zealous熱心的,積極的;wary謹(jǐn)慎的,考慮周到的;wily狡猾的,詭計(jì)多端的。句意:當(dāng)你買(mǎi)二手車(chē)時(shí)一定要小心謹(jǐn)慎,確保發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)處于良好狀態(tài)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

20.單選題

Billisanexampleofaseverelydisabledpersonwhohasbecome(

)atmanysurvivalskills.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proficient

B.persistent

C.consistent

D.sufficient

【答案】A

【解析】proficient熟練的,精通的;persistent固執(zhí)的,堅(jiān)持的;consistent始終如一的,一致的;sufficient足夠的,充分的。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)該是精通技能,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

21.單選題

SinceHelenismywife,itisdifficultformetobeobjectiveabouthertalent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impersonal

B.single-minded

C.overwhelmed

D.subjective

【答案】A

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)impersonal“客觀的,非個(gè)人的”;B選項(xiàng)single-minded“專(zhuān)心的,純真的”;C選項(xiàng)overwhelmed“被壓倒的,被湮沒(méi)的”;D選項(xiàng)subjective“主觀的,個(gè)人的”。句意:既然海倫是我的妻子,我很難客觀地評(píng)價(jià)她的才能。Objective“客觀的”,由此可知A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思更相近,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Haveyouseenthehandylittle______?It’sforseparatingeggyolksfromwhite.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aerosol

B.crate

C.margarine

D.gadget

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.aerosol噴霧器B.crate大木箱;板條箱

C.margarine人造黃油D.gadget小器具;小配件

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】由第二句句意“這是用來(lái)分離蛋黃和蛋白的”可知,空格處是一種將雞蛋的蛋清和蛋白分離的工具,D項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】你見(jiàn)過(guò)那個(gè)方便的小工具嗎?它可以用來(lái)分離蛋黃和蛋白的。

23.翻譯題

隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和城市化水平的提高,未來(lái)的能源消費(fèi)狀況及由此帶來(lái)的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題日益受到人們的關(guān)注。本文簡(jiǎn)要回顧了1980年以來(lái)我國(guó)能源消費(fèi)狀況并分析了相應(yīng)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,對(duì)我國(guó)未來(lái)能源狀況及可能帶來(lái)的環(huán)境影響設(shè)置了3種情景進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè)和分析,得出我國(guó)今后因能源消費(fèi)的SO2,NOx,CO2和煙塵等排放量依然很高,但不同情景的預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果有較大區(qū)別,并提出通過(guò)提高能源效率以及加強(qiáng)清潔、可再生能源的開(kāi)發(fā)利用來(lái)解決能源消費(fèi)帶來(lái)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。

【答案】WiththedevelopmentofChina'seconomyandtheimprovementofthelevelofurbanization,thefutureenergyconsumptionsituationandtheresultingenvironmentalpollutionproblemsareincreasinglyconcernedbypeople.ThispaperbrieflyreviewstheenergyconsumptionstatusinChinasince1980andanalyzesthecorrespondingenvironmentalproblems,thefutureofourcountryenergysituationandtheenvironmentalimpactofsetupthreekindsofsituationhascarriedontheforecastandanalysis,itisconcludedthatthefutureduetotheenergyconsumptionofSO2,NOxandCO2andsootemissionsisstillhigh,butdifferentscenariospredictedresultshavegreatdifferences,andputforwardbyimprovingenergyefficiency,andstrengthenthedevelopmentandutilizationofcleanandrenewableenergytosolvetheenvironmentalproblemsarecausedbyenergyconsumption.

24.單選題

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Abilitiesofhumanbabies.

B.Adults’influenceonchildren.

C.Cognitivefeaturesofdifferentnewlybornmammals.

D.Similaritiesbetweenhumanbabiesandbabyanimals.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theylovehappymelodiesmorethansadones.

B.Theyfallasleepeasilywhilelisteningtomusic.

C.Theyarealreadysensitivetobeatsandrhythms.

D.Theycandistinguishahappytunefromasadone.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Babies’emotions.

B.Infants’behaviors.

C.Babies’interactionwithadults.

D.Infants’facialexpressions.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

【解析】RecordingTwo

Inlast

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