考研考博-英語-天津天獅學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津天獅學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

IwantedtobuyacolourTVsetthisyear,butmybrotherrejectedtheidea（

）atriptothebeach.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insteadof

B.inviewof

C.infavourof

D.incaseof

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。insteadof“代替；而不是······”；inviewof“鑒于；考慮到”；infavourof“支持；贊成”;incaseof“萬一；如果發(fā)生；假設(shè)”。句意：雖然我今年想要購(gòu)買一臺(tái)彩電，但是我的弟弟想去海灘所以拒絕了我的這個(gè)想法。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Farmersinthedevelopingworldhatepricefluctuations.Itmakesithardtoplanahead.Butmostofthemhavelittlechoice:theysellatthepricethemarketsets.FarmersinEurope,theU.S.andJapanareluckier:theyreceivemassivegovernmentsubsidiesintheformofguaranteedpricesordirecthandouts.LastmonthU.S.PresidentBushsignedanewfarmbillthatgivesAmericanfarmers$190billionoverthenext10years,or$83billionmorethantheyhadbeenscheduledtoget,andpushesU.S.agriculturalsupportclosetocrazyEuropeanlevels.Bushsaidthestepisnecessaryto“promotefarmerindependenceandpreservethefarmwayoflifeforgenerations”.ItisalsodesignedtohelptheRepublicanPartywincontroloftheSenateinNovember'smid-termelections.

Agriculturalproductioninmostpoorcountriesaccountsforupto50%ofGDP,comparedtoonly3%inrichcountries.Butmostfarmersinpoorcountriesgrowjustenoughforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.ThosewhotryexportingtotheWestfindtheirgoodswhackedwithhugetariffsorcompetingagainstcheapersubsidizedgoods.In1999theUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentconcludedthatforeachdollardevelopingcountriesreceiveinaidtheyloseupto$14justbecauseoftradebarriersimposedontheexportoftheirmanufacturedgoods.It'snotasifthedevelopingworldwantsanyfavours,saysUganda'sMinisterofFinance.“Whatwewantisfortherichcountriestoletuscompete.”

AgricultureisoneofthefewareasinwhichtheThirdWorldcancompete.Landandlabourarecheap,andasfanningmethodsdevelop,newtechnologiesshouldimproveoutput.Thisisnopie-in-the-skyspeculation.ThebiggestsuccessinKenya'seconomyoverthepastdecadehasbeentheboominexportsofcutflowersandvegetablestoEurope.Butthatmayallchangein2008,whenKenyawillbeslightlytoorichtoqualifyforthe“l(fā)east-developedcountry”statusthatallowsAfricanproducerstoavoidpayingstiffEuropeanimportdutiesonselectedagriculturalproducts.Withtradebarriersinplace,thehorticultureindustryinKenyawillshrivelasquicklyasadiscardedrose.Andwhileagricultureexportsremainthegreathopeforpoorcountries,reducingtradebarriersinothersectorsalsoworks:American'sAfricanGrowthandOpportunityAct,whichcutsdutiesonexportsofeverythingfromhandicraftstoshoes,hasprovenaboontoAfrica'smanufacturers.Thelesson:theThirdWorldcanprosperiftherichworldgivesitafairgo.

ThisiswhatmakesBush'sdecisiontoincreasefarmsubsidieslastmonthallthemoredepressing.Poorcountrieshavelongsuspectedthattherichworldurgestradeliberalizationonlysoitcanwangleitswayintonewmarkets.SuchsuspicionscausedtheSeattletradetalkstobreakdownthreeyearsago.ButlastNovembermembersoftheWorldTradeOrganization,meetinginDoha,Qatar,finallyagreedtoanewroundoftalksdesignedtoopenupglobaltradeinagricultureandtextiles.Richcountriesassuredpoorcountriesthattheirconcernswerefinallybeingaddressed.Bush'shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica'scommitmenttothosetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.

1.Bycomparison,farmers（）receivemoregovernmentsubsidiesthanothers.

2.Inadditiontotheeconomicconsiderations,thereisa（）motivebehindBush'ssigningofthenewfarmbill.

3.Themessagethewriterattemptstoconveythroughoutthepassageisthat（）.

4.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsnewfarmsubsidiesintheU.S.is（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthedevelopingworld

B.inJapan

C.inEurope

D.inAmerica

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.partisan

B.social

C.financial

D.cultural

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.poorcountriesshouldbegivenequalopportunitiesintrade

B.“theleast-developedcountry”statusbenefitsagriculturalcountries

C.poorcountriesshouldremovetheirsuspicionsabouttradeliberalization

D.farmersinpoorcountriesshouldalsoreceivethebenefitofsubsidies

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.favourable

B.ambiguous

C.critical

D.reserved

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Bycomparison,farmers______receivemoregovernmentsubsidiesthanothers.1.相比之下，農(nóng)民______獲得的政府補(bǔ)貼更多。

A.inthedevelopingworldA.在發(fā)展中國(guó)家

B.inJapanB.在日本

C.inEuropeC.在歐洲

D.inAmericaD.在美國(guó)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段的第四句“歐洲、美國(guó)和日本的農(nóng)民則幸運(yùn)得多：他們獲得了大量的政府補(bǔ)貼，以有保障的價(jià)格或直接補(bǔ)貼的形式提供的”，下文繼續(xù)提到“……這使得美國(guó)的農(nóng)業(yè)資助接近于瘋狂的歐洲水平（closetocrazyEuropeanlevels）”，從中可知，歐洲、美國(guó)和日本的農(nóng)民獲得了大量政府補(bǔ)貼，而美國(guó)接近于瘋狂的歐洲水平，也就是說歐洲的農(nóng)民接受政府補(bǔ)貼最多。選項(xiàng)C正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“在發(fā)展中國(guó)家”由第一段第二句“但它們中的大多數(shù)幾乎沒有選擇：它們按照市場(chǎng)設(shè)定的價(jià)格出售”，可知該項(xiàng)并不符合題干，曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“在日本”和D項(xiàng)“在美國(guó)”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該兩項(xiàng)并不符合題干，曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Inadditiontotheeconomicconsiderations,thereisa______motivebehindBush’ssigningofthenewfarmbill.2.除了經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的考慮，布什簽署新的農(nóng)業(yè)法案還有一個(gè)______的動(dòng)機(jī)。

A.partisanA.黨派的

B.socialB.社會(huì)的

C.financialC.財(cái)政方面的

D.culturalD.文化的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段，最后一句指出“該法案還旨在幫助共和黨在11月的中期選舉中贏得參議院的控制權(quán)”，這也就是說，布什簽署新的農(nóng)業(yè)法案還有黨派的動(dòng)機(jī)。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“社會(huì)的”、C項(xiàng)“財(cái)政方面的”和D項(xiàng)“文化的”都沒提及，無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Themessagethewriterattemptstoconveythroughoutthepassageisthat______.3.作者試圖通過這篇文章傳達(dá)的信息是______。

A.poorcountriesshouldbegivenequalopportunitiesintradeA.貧窮國(guó)家應(yīng)該在貿(mào)易中享有平等的機(jī)會(huì)

B.“theleast-developedcountry”statusbenefitsagriculturalcountriesB.“最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家”的地位有利于農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)家

C.poorcountriesshouldremovetheirsuspicionsabouttradeliberalizationC.貧窮國(guó)家應(yīng)該消除他們對(duì)貿(mào)易自由化的疑慮

D.farmersinpoorcountriesshouldalsoreceivethebenefitofsubsidiesD.貧窮國(guó)家的農(nóng)民也應(yīng)該得到補(bǔ)貼

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章第二和第三段的例子，第二段講到1999年發(fā)展中國(guó)家每獲得一美元的援助，就會(huì)因?yàn)閷?duì)其制成品的出口設(shè)置貿(mào)易壁壘而損失多達(dá)14美元，而第三段講到肯尼亞因?yàn)橄驓W洲出口切花和蔬菜將稍微過于富裕，但是不符合“最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家”的資格，所以它的園藝產(chǎn)業(yè)將會(huì)迅速萎縮；結(jié)合第二段最后一句“我們想要的是富裕國(guó)家讓我們參與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”，以及第三段最后一句“由此得出一個(gè)教訓(xùn)：如果發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家給予第三世界公平的機(jī)會(huì)，它就能繁榮”，綜合理解可知，作者在文章中想要傳達(dá)的信息是貧窮國(guó)家應(yīng)該在貿(mào)易中享有平等的機(jī)會(huì)。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“‘最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家’的地位有利于農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)家”表述錯(cuò)誤，文中并沒有提到“農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)家”就是除了“最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家”以外的其他國(guó)家，曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“貧窮國(guó)家應(yīng)該消除他們對(duì)貿(mào)易自由化的疑慮”根據(jù)文章最后一句“布什上個(gè)月的施舍使美國(guó)對(duì)這些談判的承諾和他個(gè)人對(duì)自由貿(mào)易的忠誠(chéng)變成了謊言”可知，C項(xiàng)與原文相反，反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“貧窮國(guó)家的農(nóng)民也應(yīng)該得到補(bǔ)貼”與原文不符，貧窮國(guó)家應(yīng)該得到的是貿(mào)易平等，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsnewfarmsubsidiesintheU.S.is______.4.作者對(duì)美國(guó)新的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的態(tài)度是______。

A.favorableA.支持的

B.ambiguousB.模棱兩可的

C.criticalC.批判的

D.reservedD.保守的

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，從第一句“這使得布什上個(gè)月增加農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的決定更加令人沮喪”，以及最后一句“布什上個(gè)月的施舍使美國(guó)對(duì)這些談判的承諾和他個(gè)人對(duì)自由貿(mào)易的忠誠(chéng)變成了謊言”可以看出，作者對(duì)美國(guó)新的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的態(tài)度是批判的。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“支持的”與解題思路相反，反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“模棱兩可的”和D項(xiàng)“保守的”與原文不符，曲解原文。

3.單選題

Theflowersinthevase（）becausetheyhadnowater.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ripened

B.wrinkled

C.withered

D.prospered

【答案】C

【解析】句意:花瓶里的花因?yàn)闆]有水而枯萎了。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。ripen(使)成熟；wrinkle起皺；皺起；wither枯萎;prosper繁榮，昌盛。根據(jù)原因狀語“因?yàn)闆]有水”可知C項(xiàng)符合句意。

4.單選題

Fishingaddsonlyabout1percenttotheglobaleconomy,butonaregionalbasisitcancontributeenormouslytohumansurvival.Marinefisheriescontributemoretotheworld’ssupplyofproteinthanbeef,poultryoranyotheranimalsource.

Fishingtypicallydoesnotrequirelandownership,andbecauseitremains,ingeneralopentoall,itisoftentheemployeroflastresortinthedevelopingworld—anoccupationwhentherearenootheroptions.Worldwide,about200millionpeopledependonfishingfortheirlivelihoods.WithinSoutheastAsiaalone,morethanfivemillionpeoplefishfull-time.InnorthernChile40percentofthepopulationlivesofftheocean.InNewfoundlandmostemploymentcamefromfishingorservicingthatindustry—untilthecollapseofthecodfisheriesintheearly1990slefttensofthousandsofpeopleoutofwork.

Althoughdebatesovertheconservationofnaturalresourcesareoftencastasaconflictbetweenjobsandtheenvironment,therestorationoffishpopulationswouldinfactboostemployment.MichaelP.SissenwineandAndrewA.RosenbergoftheU.S.NationalMarineFisheriesServicehaveestimatedthatifdepletedspecieswereallowedtorebuildtotheirlong-termpotential,theirsustainableusewouldaddabout$8billiontotheU.S.grossnationalproduct—andprovidesome300,000jobs.Iffishpopulationswererestoredandproperlymanaged,about20millionmetrictonscouldbeaddedtotheworld’sannualcatch.Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.

Thenecessaryreductioninfishingpowerneednotcomeattheexpenseofjobs.Governmentcouldincreaseemploymentandreducethepressureonfishpopulationsbydirectingsubsidiesawayfromhighlymechanizedships.Foreach$1millionofinvestment,industrial-scalefishingoperationsrequireonlyonetofivepeople,whereassmall-scalefisherieswouldemploybetween60to3,000.Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence.

1.Theanimalsourcewhichsuppliesthemostproteinforhumanbeingis.

2.Paragraph2impliesthat.

3.Intheconflictbetweenjobsandtheenvironment,theauthortakessideswiththosewhoareinfavorof.

4.Thebalancebetweenjobsandtheemploymentcanbekeptif.

5.Thepassagesuggeststhatmakinglessuseofmoderntechnologymay.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beef

B.fish

C.pork

D.chicken

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.mostofmen’semploymentisfromfishing

B.mancanalwaysturntofishingforemployment

C.fortypercentofChileansliveonfishingboatsorships

D.fishinghasbeenthebiggestindustryinNewfoundland

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.increasingtheannualcatch

B.creatingmorejobs

C.gettinggreaterfiscalprofitability

D.conservingnaturalresources

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.fishingcapacityisfurtherincreased

B.fishingjobsarefurtherincreased

C.fewerwell-equippedfishingshipsareused

D.fewerspeciesareallowedtorebuild

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.reducepressureonfishpopulations

B.threatentheworld’sannualcatch

C.increasegovernment’sinvestment

D.costtensofthousandsoffishermen’sjobs

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第一段第二句話Marinefisheriescontributemoretotheworld’ssupplyofproteinthanbeef,poultryoranyotheranimalsource.“海洋漁業(yè)對(duì)世界蛋白質(zhì)供應(yīng)的貢獻(xiàn)超過牛肉、家禽或任何其他動(dòng)物來源?！钡诙剑C合理解，這里講的是魚類貢獻(xiàn)的蛋白質(zhì)比其他動(dòng)物來源更多所以這里答案選B選項(xiàng)“魚肉”，

A、C、D選項(xiàng)都是其他動(dòng)物來源，所以不選，這里屬于反向干擾。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到文章第二段第一句的最后一個(gè)分句...itisoftentheemployeroflastresortinthedevelopingworld—anoccupationwhentherearenootheroptions.“……在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，這往往是最后的謀生手段——當(dāng)沒有其他選擇的時(shí)候時(shí)的一種職業(yè)”，當(dāng)人們沒有選擇的時(shí)候可以選擇這種職業(yè)，也就是人們總能通過漁業(yè)求生，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)“人們總是可以通過捕魚來尋找工作”。

A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人的職業(yè)是捕魚”，定位到第二段第二句Worldwide,about200millionpeopledependonfishingfortheirlivelihoods.“全世界約有2億人以捕魚為生”。全球人口約60億，而漁業(yè)占2億，所以不能說大部分人靠漁業(yè)為生，這里屬于偷換概念；

C選項(xiàng)“40%的智利人生活在漁船或船只上”，第一步精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句話InnorthernChile40percentofthepopulationlivesofftheocean“在智利北部，40%的人口靠海洋為生”。第二步，綜合理解，該句只是說智利40%的人口靠海生活，并不是說40%的人口住在船上，這里屬于曲意理解。

D選項(xiàng)“捕魚一直是紐芬蘭最大的產(chǎn)業(yè)”，第一步精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第二段最后一句話InNewfoundlandmostemploymentcamefromfishingorservicingthatindustry—untilthecollapseofthecodfisheriesintheearly1990slefttensofthousandsofpeopleoutofwork“在紐芬蘭，大部分就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)來自漁業(yè)或該行業(yè)的服務(wù)——直到20世紀(jì)90年代初鱈魚漁業(yè)的崩潰，導(dǎo)致數(shù)萬人失業(yè)”。第二步綜合理解，鱈魚在上個(gè)世紀(jì)90年代就已經(jīng)崩潰了，因此紐芬蘭的漁業(yè)早就崩潰了。而題干用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表達(dá)的意思是漁業(yè)現(xiàn)在仍然是紐芬蘭的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)，這不符合題意，這里屬于偷換概念。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到第三段第一句話therestorationoffishpopulationswouldinfactboostemployment“但魚類數(shù)量的恢復(fù)實(shí)際上會(huì)促進(jìn)就業(yè)?！保诙骄C合理解，從這里可知作者認(rèn)為保護(hù)資源和就業(yè)之間沒有沖突，保護(hù)了資源就能促進(jìn)就業(yè)，所以作者是支持保護(hù)自然資源的，所以答案選D“保護(hù)自然資源”。

A選項(xiàng)“增加年捕獲量”，定位到第三段最后一句話Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“但是，要恢復(fù)生態(tài)平衡、財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全，就需要大幅減少商業(yè)捕魚業(yè)的能力，以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。這里作者倡導(dǎo)的是減少捕撈，所以這個(gè)選項(xiàng)不能選，這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”。見正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里屬于曲意理解。

C選項(xiàng)“獲得更大的財(cái)政盈利能力”。定位到第三段最后一句話Butrestorationofecologicalbalance,fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“但是，要恢復(fù)生態(tài)平衡、財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全，就需要大幅減少商業(yè)捕魚業(yè)的能力，以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。這句和題目無關(guān)，所以這里屬于偷梁換柱。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第四段第二句話Governmentcouldincreaseemploymentandreducethepressureonfishpopulationsbydirectingsubsidiesawayfromhighlymechanizedships.（政府可以通過減少對(duì)高度機(jī)械化船只的補(bǔ)貼來增加就業(yè)并減少對(duì)魚類種群的壓力）。第二步，綜合理解，上文講到捕魚能力的必要減少并不需要以犧牲就業(yè)為代價(jià)，然后作者提出了這個(gè)主意，減少對(duì)機(jī)械漁船的補(bǔ)貼，所以這里答案選C選項(xiàng)“更少的裝備精良的漁船”。

A選項(xiàng)“捕撈能力進(jìn)一步提高”，定位到第三段最后一句話...fiscalprofitabilityandeconomicsecuritywillrequireasubstantialreductioninthecapacityofthecommercialfishingindustrysothatwildpopulationscanrecover.“財(cái)政盈利能力和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全將需要大幅度降低商業(yè)捕魚業(yè)的能力，以便使野生種群能夠恢復(fù)”。從這里可知捕魚能力應(yīng)該減少而不是增加，所以不選A選項(xiàng)，這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“漁業(yè)工作進(jìn)一步增加”。文章沒有提到工作的增加，這里屬于無中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“更少的物種被允許重建”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里講的是枯竭的物種允許其重建，而不是更少的物種恢復(fù)，這里屬于偷換概念。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第四段最后一句Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence“工業(yè)捕魚本身就威脅著數(shù)千萬小規(guī)模捕撈的漁民，因?yàn)樗麄冑囈陨娴聂~類正在枯竭”。第二步綜合理解，因?yàn)楣I(yè)捕魚導(dǎo)致漁業(yè)資源枯竭，更少的使用工業(yè)漁船也就是現(xiàn)代科技會(huì)讓漁業(yè)恢復(fù)，魚就會(huì)更多，魚類種群的壓力就沒有那么大了，所以答案選A選項(xiàng)“減少對(duì)魚類種群的壓力”。

B選項(xiàng)“威脅到世界的年度捕撈”。定位到第四段最后一句Industrialfishingitselfthreatenstensofmillionsoffishermenworkingonasmallscalebydepletingthefishonwhichtheydependforsubsistence“工業(yè)捕魚本身就威脅著數(shù)千萬小規(guī)模捕撈的漁民，因?yàn)樗麄冑囈陨娴聂~類正在枯竭”。文章題干是減少現(xiàn)代科技的使用會(huì)威脅世界的年捕撈量，文章所描述的正是因?yàn)楣I(yè)漁船的使用才造成漁業(yè)資源枯竭的，這里屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“增加政府投資”。文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“損失了成千上萬漁民的工作”。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第四段第一句話Thenecessaryreductioninfishingpowerneednotcomeattheexpenseofjobs.“捕魚能力的必要減少并不需要以犧牲就業(yè)為代價(jià)”，所以D選項(xiàng)不選，這里屬于反向干擾。

5.單選題

Becauseofitsfavorableclimate,itseasyaccesstotheprincipalsilkandteaproducingarea,andits（）tothemaininteriortraderoutes,ShanghaiattractedmoreforeignattentionthananyotherportinChina.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distance

B.intheneighborhood

C.proximity

D.intheneighborhoodof

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義短語搭配辨析。A選項(xiàng)distance“距離”；B選項(xiàng)intheneighborhood“在附近”；C選項(xiàng)proximity“接近”；D選項(xiàng)intheneighborhoodof“在……附近”。proximityto鄰近某段，為固定搭配。句意：宜人的氣候，進(jìn)入絲綢茶葉的主產(chǎn)地的便利以及……國(guó)內(nèi)主要的商業(yè)圈，讓上海比中國(guó)其他地區(qū)更能引起外國(guó)的注意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Itwas__________tocontinuethenegotiationsincebothsideslackthesincerity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fertile

B.futile

C.fugitive

D.fussy

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。fertile“多產(chǎn)的，富饒的”；futile“無效的，無用的”；fugitive“逃亡的，無常的”；fussy“大驚小怪的，愛挑剔的”。句意：因?yàn)殡p方都缺少真誠(chéng)，繼續(xù)談判是無效的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.單選題

OilcompaniesintheU.S.arealreadybeginningtofeelthepressure.Refineryworkersandpetroleum-equipment-manufacturingemployeesarebeing（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidout

B.laidoff

C.laiddown

D.laidaside

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。layout“展示，安排”；layoff“解雇”；laydown“放下，制定”；layaside“擱置；儲(chǔ)蓄”。句意：美國(guó)的石油公司已經(jīng)開始有壓力。提煉廠工人和石油設(shè)備員工都被解雇了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

IthasbeenannouncedthatphysicistsfromdifferentcountrieswillgatherinNewYorkfora____nextmonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.symphony

B.symmetry

C.symposium

D.symptom

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.symphony交響樂B.symmetry對(duì)稱（性）

C.symposium研討會(huì)D.symptom征兆

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與形近詞辨析

【解題思路】前文提到“來自不同國(guó)家的物理學(xué)家聚集到一起”，而空格處所填詞是他們聚集到一起的目的，C選項(xiàng)symposium“研討會(huì)”最符合語義邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均為symposium“研討會(huì)”的形近詞，但都不能使原句前后語義銜接。

【句意】據(jù)通知，來自不同國(guó)家的物理學(xué)家將于下個(gè)月聚集在紐約參加一個(gè)研討會(huì)。

9.單選題

Themarkethadbeenpricedathistorichighsrelativetobenchmarkslikecorporateprofitsandindividuals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standards

B.touchstones

C.hallmarks

D.norms

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；水平B.touchstones試金石；檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

C.hallmarks特征；特點(diǎn)D.norms行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】benchmark本意是“基準(zhǔn)”，由relativeto（相對(duì)于）可知，benchmark在這是指用已知的東西作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，與其他事物進(jìn)行比較，而touchstone也可指作為判斷第二件事的測(cè)試或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，含有比較的意味，故B項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)指公認(rèn)的、尤指可被接受的社會(huì)各個(gè)方面一般的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、水準(zhǔn)、度量衡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、衡量品質(zhì)、才度、價(jià)值、道德、規(guī)則、原則等的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；

C項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義；

D項(xiàng)指在特定社會(huì)中被認(rèn)為正常的行為方式或組織期望達(dá)到的官方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或水平。

【句意】相對(duì)于企業(yè)利潤(rùn)和個(gè)人等基準(zhǔn)，股市的定價(jià)一直處于歷史高位。

10.單選題

IntheUnitedStates,theneedtoprotectplantandanimalspecieshasbecomeahighlycontroversialandsharplypoliticalissuesincethepassageoftheEndangeredSpeciesActin1973.Theact,designedtoprotectspecies’livingareas,andpoliciesthatpreservelandandforestscompetewitheconomicinterests.Inthe1990s,forexample,thewoodcuttersintheWesternUnitedstateswerechallengedlegallyintheirattempttocuttreesfortimberintheCascadeMountains.Thechallengewasmountedtoprotecttheendangeredspottedowl,whoseremainingpopulationoccupiestheseforestsandrequirestheintact,ancientforestforsurvival.Theproblematicsituationsettheinterestsofenvironmentalistsagainstthoseofcorporationsandofindividualswhostoodtolosejobs.Aftermonthsofdebateandlegalbattles,thefateofthewoodcutters—andtheowls—wasstillundecidedinmid-1992.

Similartensionsexistbetweenthedevelopedandthedevelopingnations.Manypeopleinindustrializednations,forexample,believethatdevelopingnationsintropicalregionsshoulddomoretoprotecttheirrainforestsandothernaturalareas.Butthedevelopingcountriesmaybeimpoverished;withpopulationsgrowingsorapidlythatusingthelandisameanstotemporarilyavoidworseningpovertyandstarvation.

Manyofthechanges,toEarththatconcernscientistshavethepotentialtorobtheplantofitsbiologicalrichness.ThedestructionofEarth’sozonelayer,forexample,couldcontributetothegeneralprocessofimpoverishmentbyallowingultra-violetraystoharmplantsandanimals.Andglobalwarmingcouldwipeoutspeciesunabletoquicklyadapttochangingclimates.Clearly,protectingEarth’sbiologicaldiversityisacomplexproblem.Butsolutionstohumanity’scurrentproblemswillcomeonlythroughcoordinatedinternationaleffortstocontrolhumanpopulation,stabilizethecompositionoftheatmosphere,andpreserveintactEarth'scomplexweboflife.

1.Whydoestheauthorsaythattheprotectionofendangeredspeciesisahighlycontroversialissue?

2.Accordingtothepassage,thepreservationofrainforests（

）.

3.Amonghumanity’scurrentproblem,thechiefconcernofthescientistis（

）.

4.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassageis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becausepeoplecan'tagreeastowhatspeciestoprotect.

B.Becauseitisdifficulttofindaneffectivewaytoprotectsuchspecies.

C.Becauseitaffectstheinterestsofcertaingroupsofpeople.

D.Becauseitisamajorprobleminvolvingaseriesoflegalprocedures.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.mayhamperadevelopingcountryinitstightagainstpoverty

B.benefitsdevelopedcountriesratherthandevelopingcountries

C.shouldtakepriorityoverthecontrolofhumanpopulation

D.willhelpimprovethelivingconditionsindevelopingcountries

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theimpoverishmentofdevelopingcountries

B.theexplosionofthehumanpopulation

C.thereductionofbiologicaldiversity

D.theeffectofglobalwarming

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.todescribethedifficultiesinsolvinghumanity’scurrentproblems

B.topointoutthedifferentviewsonhumanity'scurrentproblems

C.toanalyzethecontradictionbetweencountriesindealingwithhumanity'scurrentproblems

D.topresentthathumanity’scurrentproblemscanonlybesolvedthroughthecooperationofnations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Theproblematicsituationsettheinterestsofenvironmentalistsagainstthoseofcorporationsandofindividualswhostoodtolosejobs.（這種未可預(yù)料的形勢(shì)把環(huán)境保護(hù)者的利益與公司的利益以及要承受失業(yè)的個(gè)人的利益對(duì)立起來）可知C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗绊懙侥承┤后w的利益”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Butthedevelopingcountriesmaybeimpoverished;withpopulationsgrowingsorapidlythatusingthelandisameanstotemporarilyavoidworseningpovertyandstarvation.（但是，隨著人口快速增長(zhǎng)，開墾土地以暫時(shí)避免貧苦和饑荒惡化，發(fā)展中國(guó)家可能會(huì)因此一貧如洗）可知A選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)妨礙發(fā)展中國(guó)家與貧窮作斗爭(zhēng)”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中Manyofthechanges,toEarththatconcernscientistshavethepotentialtorobtheplantofitsbiologicalrichness.（對(duì)地球而言，許多與科學(xué)家有關(guān)的變化都有可能奪去植物的生物多樣性）可知C選項(xiàng)“生物多樣性的減少”符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。由文章最后一段中的Butsolutionstohumanity’scurrentproblemswillcomeonlythroughcoordinatedinternationaleffortstocontrolhumanpopulation,stabilizethecompositionoftheatmosphere,andpreserveintactEarth'scomplexweboflife.（但是，解決人類當(dāng)前的問題，只有通過協(xié)調(diào)一致的國(guó)際努力來控制人類人口，穩(wěn)定大氣層的組成，并保存完整的地球復(fù)雜的生命網(wǎng)）可知D選項(xiàng)“表達(dá)現(xiàn)在人類當(dāng)前的問題只有通過各國(guó)的合作才能解決”符合題意。

11.單選題

Astudyshowsthatstudentslivinginnon-smokingdormsarelesslikelyto（

）thathabitofsmoking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turnup

B.pickup

C.makeup

D.ringup

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。turnup“調(diào)大，出現(xiàn)”；pickup“拿起，拾起，撿起，學(xué)會(huì)”；makeup“組成，補(bǔ)足，化妝，編造”；ringup“打電話”；根據(jù)句意‘研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，住在無煙宿舍的學(xué)生不大可能（

）抽煙的習(xí)慣?！_定B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

WhichoftheitalicizedpartsindicatedCONTRAST?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheopenedthedoorandquietlywentin.

B.VictorialikesmusicSamisfondofsports.

C.Thinkitoveragainyou’llgetananswer.

D.Heissomewhatarrogant,Idon’tlikethis.

【答案】B

【解析】考查連詞用法。題干：哪個(gè)斜體部分表示對(duì)比？

A選項(xiàng)表示并列；B選項(xiàng)表示對(duì)比；C選項(xiàng)表示遞進(jìn)；D選項(xiàng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折。

13.單選題

Noonethoughtthegiganticship______sink,forshehadsixteenwatertightcompartments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldbepossibleto

B.wouldbeableto

C.couldpossibly

D.should

【答案】C

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。could可以表示驚異、不相信等語氣，would表示過去經(jīng)常性的行為或者動(dòng)作，should表假設(shè)、責(zé)任和義務(wù)；前面這個(gè)句子表達(dá)的意思是“沒人能想到這艘巨輪會(huì)沉沒”，這里是一個(gè)驚異的語氣，所以用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could最符合語境。句意：誰也沒有想到這艘巨輪會(huì)沉沒，因?yàn)樗?6個(gè)密封艙。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

14.翻譯題

雨落無聲，記憶擱淺。用心觸摸著那絲絲微雨的柔美，透過時(shí)空的壁壘，蒼老的故地，深沉的腳印，朦朧的身影，和那被歲月侵蝕的滿懷柔情，在腦海里徘徊得太過雜亂無章，每當(dāng)想要細(xì)細(xì)品味時(shí)，卻不知從何道來。于是只能介乎在半夢(mèng)半醒之間，任滄桑褪盡昔日芳華，孑然一身，譜寫出風(fēng)花雪月的篇章。人生若只如初見，那冥冥中注定的驚鴻一瞥，定格一瞬間，卻又轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，帶走了無限的想象和無盡的回憶。

【答案】Rainfallssilently,andmemoryisstranded.Thesoftnessofthegentlerainistouchedbytheheartthroughthebarriersoftimeandspace,theoldhometown,thedeepfootprints,thehazyfigure,andthetenderfeelingsthathavebeenerodedbytheyears.Wanderinginthemessymind,wheneverIwanttoponderit,IdonotknowwhereIshouldstart.ThenIcanonlylettheyouthfadewithvicissitudesoflifebetweendreamsandawakenings.Withbeingallaloneintheworld,Iwritearomantictheme.Iflifeisonlyasitwasatthefirstsight,thedestinedglancebecomesafrozenmoment,andthenitpassesawayinaflash,takingawaytheinfiniteimaginationandendlessmemories.

15.單選題

TheEuropeanunion,inparticular,Germany,aresearchingopportunitiestohelpUkraine（）itseconomy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spray

B.sponsor

C.stiffen

D.stabilize

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)spray表示“噴射”；B選項(xiàng)sponsor表示“贊助，發(fā)起”；C選項(xiàng)stiffen表示“變硬，變猛烈”；D選項(xiàng)stabilize表示“穩(wěn)固，安定”。由句意可知，歐盟，尤其是德國(guó)，正在尋找機(jī)會(huì)幫助烏克蘭穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟(jì)。因此，stabilize的詞義最符合句意，故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

16.單選題

Theyare（

）investorswhoalwaysmakethoroughinvestigationsbothonlocalandinternationalmarketsbeforemakinganinvestment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.implicit

B.conscious

C.cautious

D.indecisive

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)implicit“暗示的，含蓄的”；B選項(xiàng)conscious“有意識(shí)的，清醒的，故意的”；C選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；D選項(xiàng)indecisive“猶豫不決的”?？崭癫糠质切枰粋€(gè)修飾investors的形容詞。后面由who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾investor，根據(jù)句意“whoalwaysmakethoroughinvestigationsbothonlocalandinternationalmarkets…總要對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)睾蛧?guó)際市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行徹底調(diào)查”，判斷可知空格部分單詞意思應(yīng)該為“謹(jǐn)慎的”，句意為：他們是謹(jǐn)慎的投資者，在做出每筆投資前，總要對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)睾蛧?guó)際市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行徹底調(diào)查。故正確答案選C。

17.單選題

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone’sconversationpartner”.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselvestoglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact:iftheyarenotlooking,thespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare____.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson____.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’sneckbecause_____.

4.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto_____.

5.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants_______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

B.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson’sinnerworld

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydon’tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theyneednotcommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.nottoweardarkspectacles

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepauses

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…theyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.”，說明作者認(rèn)為眼睛在人與人之間的交往中是相當(dāng)重要的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…facewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwill