考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川財(cái)經(jīng)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川財(cái)經(jīng)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Diamondshavelittle（

）valueandtheirpricedependsalmostentirelyontheirscarcity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.subtle

B.eternal

C.inherent

D.intrinsic

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。subtle“微妙的”；eternal“永恒的”；inherent“固有的”；intrinsic“本質(zhì)的，固有的”。句意：鉆石的內(nèi)在的價(jià)值很少，它的價(jià)格幾乎完全取決于它的稀少。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

Ididn’treadtheblurb;I（）straightintothefirstchapter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dived

B.ran

C.plunged

D.read

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)diveinto“迅速把手伸入；投入；一心投入；跳入（指的是跳水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)動(dòng)作，運(yùn)動(dòng)員的那種頭朝下的）”；B選項(xiàng)runinto“遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇見”；C選項(xiàng)plungeinto“投入；跳入（主要指暴力一些的進(jìn)入，比如車失控沖進(jìn)水里；人郁悶地把頭埋進(jìn)冷水盆里）；突然或倉(cāng)促地開始某事；猛沖；使突然陷入；縱身投入”；D選項(xiàng)readinto“曲解；加上另外的意思于；隱藏某種意義”。句意：我沒有讀簡(jiǎn)介，直接倉(cāng)促地開始讀第一章。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Themanagingdirectortookthe（

）fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.guilt

B.charge

C.blame

D.accusation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。guilt意為“有罪，犯罪行為”；charge意為“收費(fèi)，指控”；blame意為“(壞事或錯(cuò)事的)責(zé)任，責(zé)備”，taketheblamefor意為“承擔(dān)……的責(zé)任”；accusation意為“指責(zé)，譴責(zé)”。

句意：總經(jīng)理承擔(dān)了事故的責(zé)任，盡管并不真的是他的錯(cuò)。

4.單選題

Stop______alloverJulianna;foronce,lethermakeherownbreakfastandprepareherowncupofmorningcoffee.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fawning

B.calculating

C.flattering

D.praising

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)fawn“討好”，B項(xiàng)calculate“計(jì)算，預(yù)測(cè)”，C項(xiàng)flatter“奉承，諂媚”，D項(xiàng)praise“贊揚(yáng)，（尤指唱歌）歌頌（上帝）”。由后面的句子意思“讓她自己做早餐，自己準(zhǔn)備一杯早餐咖啡”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可推測(cè)，Stop______alloverJulianna表示“不要對(duì)朱莉安娜獻(xiàn)殷勤”，B、D選項(xiàng)排除；C選項(xiàng)一般后面直接跟人，即flattersb.；只有A項(xiàng)可以表示fawnon/oversb.（奉承、討好）。句意：不要對(duì)朱莉安娜獻(xiàn)殷勤，這一次，讓她自己做早餐，自己準(zhǔn)備一杯早餐咖啡。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

5.單選題

Americansnolongerexpectpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.Nordotheyaspiretosuchcommandthemselves.Inhislatestbook,DoingOurOwnThing:TheDegradationofLanguageandMusicandWhyWeShouldLike,Care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960scounter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.

Blamingthepermissive1960sisnothingnew,butthisisnotyetanothercriticismagainstthedeclineineducation.Mr.McWhorter’sacademicspecialtyislanguagehistoryandchange,andheseesthegradualdisappearanceof“whom”,forexample,tobenaturalandnomoreregrettablethanthelossofthecase-endingsofOldEnglish.

Butthecultoftheauthenticandthepersonal,"doingourownthing",hasspeltthedeathofformalspeech,writing,poetryandmusic.Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpentopaperbeforethe1960s,eventhemostwell-regardedwritingsincethenhassoughttocapturespokenEnglishonthepage.Equally,inpoetry,thehighlypersonal,performativegenreistheonlyform,thatcouldclaimrealliveliness.InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.

Illustratedwithanentertainingarrayofexamplesfrombothhighandlowculture,thetrendthatMr.McWhorterdocumentsisunmistakable.Butitislessclear,totakethequestionofhissubtitle:WhyWeShould,Like,Care.Asalinguist,heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive—thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.Heisnotarguing,asmanydo,thatwecannolongerthinkstraightbecausewedonottalkproper.

Russianshaveadeeplovefortheirownlanguageandcarrylargechunksofmemorizedpoetryintheirheads,whileItalianpoliticianstendtoelaboratespeechthatwouldseemold-fashionedtomostEnglish-speakers.Mr.McWhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecessary,andproposesnoradicaleducationreforms—heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful.WenowtakeourEnglish“onpaperplatesinsteadofchina”.Ashame,perhaps,butprobablyaninevitableone.

1.AccordingtoMcWhorter,thedeclineofformalEnglish（

）.

2.Theword“talking”(Line6,Paragraph3)denotes

（

）.

3.TowhichofthefollowingstatementswouldMcWhortermostlikelyagree?

4.ThedescriptionofRussians’loveofmemorizingpoetryshowstheauthor’s

（

）.

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,“paperplates”isto“china”as（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isinevitableinradicaleducationreforms

B.isbutalltoonaturalinlanguagedevelopment

C.hascausedthecontroversyoverthecounter-culture

D.broughtaboutchangesinpublicattitudesinthe1960s

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.modesty

B.personality

C.liveliness

D.informality

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Logicalthinkingisnotnecessarilyrelatedtothewaywetalk.

B.BlackEnglishcanbemoreexpressivethanstandardEnglish.

C.Non-standardvarietiesofhumanlanguagearejustasentertaining.

D.Ofallthevarieties,standardEnglishcanbestconveycomplexideas.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.interestintheirlanguage

B.appreciationoftheirefforts

C.admirationfortheirmemory

D.contemptfortheirold-fashionedness

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.‘"temporary’’isto“permanent”

B.“radical”isto“conservative”

C.“functional”isto“artistic”

D.“humble”isto“noble”

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Mr.McWhorter’sacademicspecialtyislanguagehistoryandchange,andheseesthegradualdisappearanceof“whom”，forexample,tobenaturalandnomoreregrettablethanthelossofthecase-endingsofOldEnglish.（Mr.McWhorter的學(xué)術(shù)專長(zhǎng)是語(yǔ)言的歷史和變化，例如，他認(rèn)為“誰(shuí)”這一詞的逐漸消失是自然的，并不比失去古英語(yǔ)中的詞格尾綴的消失更令人遺憾）可知Mr.McWhorter認(rèn)為正式英語(yǔ)的衰變是一種自然的現(xiàn)象，因此選B。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞talking定位到文章第三段中的InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.（在英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)和書面語(yǔ)中，交談戰(zhàn)勝了演講，自然表達(dá)勝過了精雕細(xì)琢），分析句子可知talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft是對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，talking對(duì)應(yīng)的spontaneity，specking對(duì)應(yīng)craft，可推測(cè)演講是需要精心準(zhǔn)備的，而談話則是自然隨意的，因此D選項(xiàng)“非正式的”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive—thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas（他承認(rèn)，人類語(yǔ)言的所有種類，包括非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)言，包括黑人英語(yǔ)這樣非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)言，都具有很強(qiáng)的表達(dá)力。世界上沒有一種語(yǔ)言或方言不能表達(dá)復(fù)雜的思想）可知A選項(xiàng)“邏輯思維不一定與我們說話的方式有關(guān)”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的Mr.McWhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecessary,andproposesnoradicaleducationreforms—heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful.（Mr.McWhorter承認(rèn)，正式的語(yǔ)言并不是絕對(duì)必要的，他并沒有提出任何激進(jìn)的教育改革——他其實(shí)只是為那些美好而不是實(shí)用品的消逝而感到遺憾）可知Mr.McWhorter認(rèn)同俄羅斯記住詩(shī)歌的做法，認(rèn)為是somethingbeautiful，對(duì)其做法是贊同的，因此B選項(xiàng)“贊賞他們的努力”。

5.推理判斷題。由heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful（他其實(shí)只是為那些美好而不是實(shí)用品的消逝而感到遺憾）可推測(cè)paperplates（紙盤）指的是實(shí)用性，而china（瓷盤）指美，具有藝術(shù)性，因此選C。

6.單選題

Maryonce___withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofpopmusic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.merged

B.collaborated

C.coincided

D.constituted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.merged（由指商業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)）合并；（使）融合，逐漸消失B.collaborated合作

C.coincided一致，符合；同時(shí)發(fā)生D.constituted組成

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格后有with表示和……一起，表伴隨。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，應(yīng)該是二人合作一起創(chuàng)作音樂。B選項(xiàng)符合句意，正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】瑪麗有一次與另一位音樂家合作譜寫了一首流行樂曲。

7.單選題

Stevensonfoundno（）tocarryontheworkofhisfather.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aptitude

B.reaction

C.arrangement

D.polarization

【答案】C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

aptitude天資,自然傾向；reaction反應(yīng)；arrangement安排,打算；polarization兩極化。havenoarrangementtodo“沒有……的打算”,選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

8.單選題

Dozensofscientificgroupsallovertheworldhavebeen（）thegoalofapracticalandeconomicalwaytousesunlighttosplitwatermolecules.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pursuing

B.chasing

C.reaching

D.winning

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。pursue“追求；從事”；chase“追趕”；reach“到達(dá)”；win“贏得”。根據(jù)havebeen可知后面接一個(gè)表持續(xù)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，以及賓語(yǔ)為goal，可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

（

）isCORRECTingrammar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.BritaindoesnotagreeandneitherdoDenmark,PortugalandIreland

B.BritaindoesnotagreeandeitherdoDenmark.PortugalandIreland

C.Britaindoesnotagree.SodoDenmark.PortugalandIreland

D.Britaindoesnotagree.NeitherDenmark,PortugalandIrelanddo.

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。CORRECTingrammar“語(yǔ)法上正確的”是BritaindoesnotagreeandneitherdoDenmark,PortugalandIreland，句意為：英國(guó)不同意，丹麥，葡萄牙和愛爾蘭也不同意。故答案選A。

10.單選題

ManyliterarydetectiveshaveporedoveragreatpuzzleconcerningthewriterMarcelProust:whathappenedin1909?HowdidContreSaint-Beuve,anessayattackingthemethodsofthecriticSaintBeuve,turnintothestartofthenovelRemembranceofThingsPast"!ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthatFallois,theeditorofthe1954editionofContreSaint-Beuve,madeanessentiallycorrectguessabouttherelationshipoftheessaytothenovel.FalloisproposedthatProusthadtriedtobeginanovelin1908,abandoneditforwhatwastobealongdemonstrationofSaint-Beuve'sblindnesstotherealnatureofgreatwriting,foundtheessaygivingrisetopersonalmemoriesandfictionaldevelopments,andallowedthesetotakeoverinasteadilydevelopingnovel.

DraftpassagesinProust's1909notebooksindicatethatthetransitionfromessaytonovelbeganinContreSaint-Beuve,whenProustintroducedseveralexamplestoshowthepowerfulinfluencethatinvoluntarymemoryexertsoverthecreativeimagination.Ineffect,intryingtodemonstratethattheimaginationismoreprofoundandlesssubmissivetotheintellectthanSaint-Beuveassumed,Proustelicitedvitalmemoriesofhisownand,findingsubtleconnectionsbetweenthem,begantoamassthematerialforRemembrance.ByAugust,ProustwaswritingtoVallette,informinghimofhisintentiontodevelopthematerialasanovel.MauriceBardeche,inMarcelProust,Romancier,hasshowntheimportanceinthedraftsofRemembranceofspontaneousandapparentlyrandomassociationsofProust'ssubconscious.AsincidentsandreflectionsoccurredtoProust,hecontinuallyinsertednewpassagesalteringandexpandinghisnarrative.Buthefounditdifficulttocontrolthedriftofhisinspiration.Theveryrichnessandcomplexityofthemeaningfulrelationshipsthatkeptpresentingandrearrangingthemselvesonalllevels,fromabstractintelligencetoprofounddreamyfeelings,madeitdifficultforProusttosetthemoutcoherently.Thebeginningofcontrolcamewhenhesawhowtoconnectthebeginningandtheendofhisnovel.

IntriguedbyProust'sclaimthathehad"begunandfinished"Remembranceatthesametime,HenriBonnetdiscoveredthatpartsofRemembrance'slastbookwereactuallystartedin1909.Alreadyinthatyear,Prousthaddrafteddescriptionsofhisnovel'scharactersintheiroldagethatwouldappearinthefinalbookofRemembrance,wherethepermanenceofartissetagainsttheravagesoftime.ThelettertoVallette,draftsoftheessayandnovel,andBonnet'sresearchesestablishinbroadoutlinetheprocessbywhichProustgeneratedhisnoveloutoftheruinsofhisessay.Butthoseofuswhohoped,withKolb,thatKolb'snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust'scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.ForuntilProustwasconfidentthathewasatlastinsightofaviablestructureforRemembrance,hetoldfewcorrespondentsthathewasproducinganythingmoreambitiousthanContreSaint-Beuve.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingareliterarydetectiveswhohavetried,bymeansofeitherscholarshiporcriticism,tohelpsolvethe"greatpuzzle"mentionedinLine1EXCEPT（）

3.Accordingtothepassage,indraftsofContreSaint-BeuveProustsetouttoshowthatSaint-Beuvemadewhichofthefollowingmistakesasacritic?

I.Saint-Beuvemadenoefforttostudythedevelopmentofanovelthroughitsdraftsandrevisions.

II.Saint-Beuveassignedtoogreataroleinthecreativeprocesstoawriter'sconsciousintellect.

III.Saint-Beuveconcentratedtoomuchonplotsandnotenoughonimageryandotherelementsofstyle.

4.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sattitudetowardtheinformationthatscholarshavegatheredaboutProust'swritingin1909?

5.TheauthorofthepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwouldbetheLEASTusefulsourceofinformationaboutProust'stransitionfromworkingonContreSaint-BeuvetohavingaviablestructureforRemembranceofThingsPast?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theroleofinvoluntarymemoryinProust'swriting

B.evidenceconcerningthegenesisofProust'snovelRemembranceofThingsPast

C.conflictingscholarlyopinionsaboutthevalueofstudyingthedraftsofRemembranceofThingsPast

D.Proust'scorrespondenceandwhatitrevealsaboutRemembranceofThingsPast

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bardeche

B.Bonnet

C.Fallois

D.Vallette

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.IIonly

B.IIIonly

C.IandIIonly

D.I,II,andIII

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheauthorisdisappointedthatnonewdocumentshavecometolightsinceFallois'sspeculations.

B.Theauthorisdissatisfiedbecausetherearetoomanygapsandinconsistenciesinthedrafts.

C.TheauthorisconfidentthatFallois's1954guesshasbeenprovedlargelycorrect,butregretsthatstillmoredetaileddocumentationconcerningProust'stransitionfromtheessaytothenovelhasnotemerged.

D.TheauthorissatisfiedthatFallois'sjudgmentwaslargelycorrect,butfeelsthatProust'searlyworkindesigningandwritingthenovelwasprobablyfarmoredeliberatethanFallois'sdescriptionoftheprocesswouldsuggest.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Fallois'scommentsinthe1954editionofContreSaint-Beuve.

B.Proust's1909notebooks,includingthedraftsofRemembranceofThingsPast.

C.Proust's1909correspondence,excludingthelettertoVallette.

D.Bardeche'sMarcelProust,Romancier.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨思想題。文章首段提及許多文學(xué)考據(jù)家思考著一個(gè)涉及馬塞爾·普魯斯特（MarcelProust）的不解之謎：1909年究竟發(fā)生了什么？《駁圣伯夫》一文——一篇抨擊批評(píng)家圣伯夫批評(píng)方法的論文——是如何轉(zhuǎn)變成為小說《追憶似水年華》的開端的？之后段落試圖找到《駁圣伯夫》這篇論文是如何轉(zhuǎn)化為小說《追憶似水年華》的答案，由此可知，文章主要在論述小說《追憶似水年華》產(chǎn)生的證據(jù)。故答案為B。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文中首段提及Fallois就論文與小說之間的關(guān)系做了一種本質(zhì)上正確的猜測(cè)。第二段提及MauriceBardeche在《馬塞爾·普魯斯特——小說家》中,證明了在《追憶似水年華》草稿中普魯斯特的潛意識(shí)里那些自發(fā)的不規(guī)則的聯(lián)結(jié)的重要性。第三段提及HenriBonnet（亨利·博內(nèi)）揭示，小說最后一卷的某些章節(jié)確實(shí)始于1909年。而選項(xiàng)D中提及的Vallette，只是普魯斯特致編輯瓦萊特（Vallette）的信函，并沒有對(duì)小說做考究。故答案為D。

第3題:信息推斷題。第一個(gè)說法明顯錯(cuò)誤，文中沒有提及要通過手稿研究小說發(fā)展；第三個(gè)提到的plots，在文中也沒有提及。文章首段"Saint-Beuve'sblindnesstotherealnatureofgreatwriting"提及圣伯夫長(zhǎng)期以來對(duì)偉大文學(xué)作品的真正本質(zhì)盲目無知。與文中提及的"過度強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)意的過程而忽略了作家的有意識(shí)的智慧"意義相符。故答案為A。

第4題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Kolb'snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust'scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.”科爾布新出版的《普魯斯特1909年書信全集》將更詳細(xì)地記錄這一過程，但因細(xì)節(jié)沒有呈現(xiàn)讓人很失望。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。文章主要探討《駁圣伯夫》一文——一篇抨擊批評(píng)家圣伯夫批評(píng)方法的論文是如何轉(zhuǎn)變成為小說《追憶似水年華》的開端的？作者主要給出了3個(gè)證據(jù)。選項(xiàng)A與第一段中的"ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthat..."信息對(duì)應(yīng)；選項(xiàng)B與第二段中的"Proust's1909notebooksindicatethat..."信息對(duì)應(yīng)；選項(xiàng)D與"MauriceBardeche,inMarcelProust,romancier,hasshowntheimportance..."信息對(duì)應(yīng)；選項(xiàng)C將寫給Vallette的信排除在外，與文章第一段中的"ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthatFallois"信息不符。故答案為C。

11.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Psychologicallytherearetwodangerstobeguardedagainstinoldage.Oneoftheseisundueabsorptionsinthepast.Itdoesnotdotoliveinmemories,inregretsforthegoodolddays,orinsadnessaboutfriendswhoaredead.One’sthoughtsmustbedirectedtothefuture,andtothingsaboutwhichthereissomethingtobedone.Thisisnotalwayseasy;one’sownpastisagraduallyincreasingweight.Itiseasytothinktooneselfthatone’semotionsusedtobemorevividthantheyare,andone’smindmorekeen.Ifthisistrueitshouldbeforgotten,andifitisforgottenitwillprobablynotbetrue.

Myfavoritequotationisthesentenceabove,writtenbyDisraeli.Ithashelpedmethroughmanyapainfulexperience.Oftenweallowourselvestobeupsetsmallthingsweshoulddespiseandforget.Perhapssomemanwehelpedhasprovedungrateful...somewomanwebelievedtobeafriendhasspokenillofus...somerewardwethoughtwedeservedhasbeendeniedus.Wefeelsuchearthdisappointmentsostronglythatwecannolongerworkorsleep.But,isn’tthatabsurd?Hereweareonthisearth,withonlyafewmoredecadestolive,andwelosemanyirreplaceablehoursbroodingovergrievancesthat,inayear’stime,willbeforgottenbyusandbyeverybody.No,letusdevoteourlifetoworthwhileactionsandfeelings,togreatthoughts,realaffectionsandenduringundertakings.Forlifeistooshorttobelittle.

【答案】從心理上講，人到老年有兩種危險(xiǎn)需要防范。一種是對(duì)過去的過度吸收。不能活在回憶中，活在對(duì)過去美好時(shí)光的悔恨中，活在對(duì)死去的朋友的悲傷中。人的思想必須指向未來，指向未來需要完成的事情。這并不總是容易的。一個(gè)人的過去是一份不斷加重的負(fù)擔(dān)，人們?nèi)菀渍J(rèn)為自己過去的情感比現(xiàn)在強(qiáng)烈，過去的頭腦比現(xiàn)在敏銳。如果這是真的，就應(yīng)該忘記它；如果它能被忘掉，那么它將不是事實(shí)。

我最喜歡的引語(yǔ)就是上面這句由迪斯雷利寫的話。它幫助我度過了許多痛苦的經(jīng)歷。我們通常讓自己為一些我們本應(yīng)不屑一顧，拋諸腦后的小事苦惱?？赡苁俏覀儙椭^的某人忘恩負(fù)義……那些我們以為是朋友的某女士在背后詆毀我們……沒能得到我們自認(rèn)為應(yīng)得的獎(jiǎng)賞。我們對(duì)這些事情感到極度失望，以至于難以工作和睡覺。但是，這不是很荒唐嗎？我們?cè)谶@個(gè)地球上，只有幾十年生命，可是卻浪費(fèi)了許多一去不復(fù)返的時(shí)間去沉思那些在一年之內(nèi)自己與別人都會(huì)忘懷的冤屈。不！讓我們把生命奉獻(xiàn)給有價(jià)值的行為和感情，奉獻(xiàn)給偉大的思想、真正的情感和不朽的事業(yè)。因?yàn)樯?，不能被瑣事耽誤。

12.單選題

Inacountrythatdefinesitselfbyideals,notbysharedblood,whoshouldbeallowedtocome,workandlivehere?InthewakeoftheSept11attacksthesequestionshaveneverseemedmorepressing.

OnDec.11,2001,aspartoftheefforttoincreasehomelandsecurity,federalandlocalauthoritiesin14statesstaged“OperationSafeTravel”一raidsonairportstoarrestemployeeswithfalseidentification.InSaltLakeCitytherewere69arrests.Butthosecapturedwereanythingbutterrorists,mostofthemillegalimmigrantsfromCentralorSouthAmerica.Authoritiessaidtheundocumentedworkers’illegalstatusmadethemopentoblackmailbyterrorists.

ManyimmigrantsinSaltLakeCitywereangeredbythearrestsandsaidtheyfeltasiftheywerebeingtreatedlikedisposablegoods.

MayorAndersonsaidthosefeelingswerejustifiedtoacertainextent,“We’resayingwewantyoutoworkintheseplaces,we’regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare,andthenwhenit’sconvenientforus,orwhenwecantrytomakeapointintermsofnationalsecurity,especiallyafterSept.11,thenyou’redisposable.Therearewholefamiliesbeinguprootedforallofthewrongreasons,”Andersonsaid.

IfSept.11hadneverhappened,theairportworkerswouldnothavebeenarrestedandcouldhavegoneonquietlylivinginAmerica,probablyindefinitely.AnaCastro,amanagerataBen&Jerry’sicecreamshopattheairporthadbeenworking10yearswiththesamefalseSocialSecuritycardwhenshewasarrestedintheDecemberairportraid.Nowsheandherfamilyarelivingunderthethreatofdeportation,Castro’scaseiscurrentlywaitingtobesettled.Whilesheawaitstheoutcome,thegovernmenthasgrantedherpermissiontoworkhereandshehasreturnedtoherjobatBen&Jerry’s.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theUnitedStatesclaimstobeanation（

）.

2.HowdidtheimmigrantsinSaltLakeCityfeelabout“OperationSafeTravel?

3.Undocumentedworkersbecamethetargetof“OperationSafeTravel”because（

）.

4.Bysayingwe’regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare”(Line2,Para.4),MayorAndersonmeans“（

）

5.WhatdowelearnaboutAnaCastrofromthelastparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.composedofpeoplehavingdifferentvalues

B.encouragingindividualpursuits

C.sharingcommoninterests

D.foundedonsharedideals

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Guilty

B.Offended

C.Disappointed

D.Discouraged

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.evidencewasfoundthattheywerepotentialterrorists

B.mostofthemworkedatairportsunderthreatofterrorists

C.terroristsmighttakeadvantageoftheirillegalstatus

D.theywerereportedlyhelpinghideterroristsaroundtheairport

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wewillturnablindeyetoyourillegalstatus

B.wewillexaminethelawsinadifferentway

C.thereareotherwaysofenforcingthelaw

D.theexistinglawsmustnotbeignored

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Shewillbedeportedsoonerorlater.

B.Sheisallowedtostaypermanently.

C.Hercasehasbeendropped

D.Herfateremainsuncertain.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一句Inacountrythatdefinesitselfbyideals,notbysharedblood,whoshouldbeallowedtocome,workandlivehere?在一個(gè)以理想而非以共同血緣為基石的國(guó)家，應(yīng)該允許什么樣的人來工作和居住呢？由此可以得知美國(guó)重視共同的理想(sharedideals)。所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.根據(jù)第三段ManyimmigrantsinSaltLakeCitywereangeredbythearrestsandsaidtheyfeltasiftheywerebeingtreatedlikedisposablegoods.鹽湖城的許多移民都對(duì)這次逮捕表示憤慨，他們說感覺自己就像是一次性商品一樣被對(duì)待。確定移民們反應(yīng)強(qiáng)烈，自尊心受到很大傷害，所以B選項(xiàng)‘被冒犯的’符合題意。A‘有罪的‘、C‘失望的‘、D‘氣餒的’都不能與文章angered的意思符合，所以排除。

3.根據(jù)第二段最后一句‘Authoritiessaidtheundocumentedworkers'illegalstatusmadethemopentoblackmailbyterrorists.當(dāng)局聲稱這些沒有合法證件的勞工的非法身份使他們極易受到恐怖分子的訛詐，’確定C選項(xiàng)‘恐怖分子可能會(huì)利用他們不合法的身份’正確。根據(jù)第二段Butthosecapturedwereanythingbutterrorists,mostofthemillegalimmigrantsfromCentralorSouthAmerica.但這些被捕的人并非恐怖分子，他們大多數(shù)人只是中南美洲的非法移民。確定A選項(xiàng)‘有證據(jù)表明他們是潛在的恐怖分子‘錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)’他們大多數(shù)在機(jī)場(chǎng)工作，并且受到恐怖分子的威脅‘前半句是事實(shí)，但后半句原文沒有提及。D選項(xiàng)‘他們被舉報(bào)正在幫助機(jī)場(chǎng)周圍的恐怖分子‘文中完全沒有提及。所以排除。

4.根據(jù)第四段We’resayingwewantyoutoworkintheseplaces,we’regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare,andthenwhenit’sconvenientforus,orwhenwecantrytomakeapointintermsofnationalsecurity,especiallyafterSept.11,thenyou’redisposable.我們說希望你們來這些地方工作，我們會(huì)想其他辦法來對(duì)法律中的規(guī)定做出解釋。然而當(dāng)一切都方便我們行動(dòng)時(shí)或是在我們談到國(guó)家安全問題的時(shí)候，尤其是‘‘911事件”后，你們就任由處置了?？梢酝茰y(cè)美國(guó)在勞動(dòng)力短缺時(shí)期對(duì)非法移民是睜一眼閉一眼的，所以A選項(xiàng)‘我們將會(huì)對(duì)你們的非法身份視而不見‘正確。C選項(xiàng)’有強(qiáng)化法律的其他方法‘與題目中l(wèi)ooktheotherway“視而不見，忽視”矛盾了。B選項(xiàng)’我們將會(huì)采取不同的方式監(jiān)管法律‘和D選項(xiàng)’現(xiàn)存的法律不容忽視‘文中沒有提及，排除。

5.根據(jù)最后一段第三、四句：Nowsheandherfamilyarelivingunderthethreatofdeportation,Castro’scaseiscurrentlywaitingtobesettled.Whilesheawaitstheoutcome,thegovernmenthasgrantedherpermissiontoworkhereandshehasreturnedtoherjobatBen&Jerry’s.現(xiàn)在，她和她的家人每天都生活在要被驅(qū)逐出境的威脅之中?？ㄋ固亓_的案件目前正等待最終審理。政府已允許她在等候?qū)徟薪Y(jié)果期間在美國(guó)工作，現(xiàn)在她已重新回到了Ben&Jerry冰激凌店工作。確定D選項(xiàng)‘她的命運(yùn)尚不確定‘正確。

13.填空題

Forseveralyears,scientistshavebeentestingasubstancecalledinterferon(干擾素)，a36wonderdrugthatisprovingtobeeffectiveintreatingavarietyofailments,includingvirusinfections,bacterialinfections,andtumors.To37,thenewdrughasprovokednonegativereactionofsufficientsignificanceto38itsuse.Butinspiteofitssuccess,lastyearonlyonegramwasproducedintheentireworld.

Thereasonforthe39liesinthestructureofinterferon.Aspeciesofspecificprotein,theinterferonproducedfromoneanimalspeciescannotbeusedin40anotheranimalspecies.Inotherwords,totreathumanbeings,onlyinterferonproducedbyhumanbeingsmaybeused.Thedrugisproducedbyinfectingwhitebloodcellswithavirus.Fortunately,itisso41thattheamountgiveneachpatientperinjectionisverysmall.

Unlikeantibiotics,interferondoesnotattackgermsdirectly.42,itmakesunaffectedcellsresistanttoinfection,and43themultiplicationofviruseswithincells.

Asyoumightconclude,oneofthemost44usesofinterferonhasbeeninthetreatmentofcancer.Dr.HansStrander,researchphysicianatSweden’sfamousKarolinskaInstitute,hastreatedmorethanonehundredcancerpatientswiththenewdrug.45agroupofselectedpatientswhohad46surgicalproceduresforadvancedcancer,halfweregivenconventionaltreatmentsandtheotherhalfweregiveninterferon.The47rateoverathree-yearperiodwas70percentamongthosewhoweretreatedwithinterferonas48withonly10to30percentamongthosewhohasreceivedthe49treatments.

IntheUnitedStates,alarge-scaleprojectsupportedbytheAmericanCancerSocietyisnowunder50.Iftheexperimentissuccessful,interferoncouldbecomeoneofthegreatestmedicaldiscoveriesofourtime.

36.A.possibleB.adequateC.potentialD.capable

37.A.timeB.stageC.dateD.period

38.A.determineB.discourageC.decreaseD.disclose

39.A.uniquenessB.peculiarityC.featureD.scarcity

40.A.treatingB.producingC.operatingD.handling

41.A.potentB.slightC.obviousD.obscure

42.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.HenceD.Instead

43.A.motivatesB.preventsC.strikesD.eliminates

44.A.restrictiveB.dramaticC.probableD.crucial

45.A.WithB.ForC.AmongD.Within

46.A.sustainedB.enduredC.preparedD.undergone

47.A.existenceB.treatmentC.survivalD.growth

48.A.weighedB.balancedC.differentiatedD.compared

49.A.originalB.conventionalC.exceptionalD.desirable

50.A.wayB.trackC.courseD.route

【答案】36.A

37.C

38.B

39.D

40.A

41.A

42.D

43.B

44.D

45.C

46.D

47.C

48.D

49.B

50.A

Normal

0

7.8磅

0

2

false

false

false

EN-US

ZH-CN

X-NONE

【解析】36.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)possible“可能的；合理的；合適的”；B選項(xiàng)adequate“充足的；適當(dāng)?shù)?；勝任的”；C選項(xiàng)potential“潛在的；可能的”；D選項(xiàng)capable“能干的；能勝任的”。由前一句scientistshavebeentestingasubstancecalledinterferon“科學(xué)家們一直在測(cè)試一種叫作干擾素的物質(zhì)”，可知這一物質(zhì)還在測(cè)試中，并未得出確切結(jié)果，所以能否成為wonderdrug“特效藥”只是一種可能。possible和potential都有可能的意思。potential一般是可以發(fā)展成某種東西或在未來能夠被發(fā)展，具體指潛能方面上的。possible一般指能夠做到的可能性。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

37.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)time“時(shí)間；時(shí)代”；B選項(xiàng)stage“階段；舞臺(tái)”；C選項(xiàng)date“日期；約會(huì)”；D選項(xiàng)period“期間；經(jīng)期”。由空格后thenewdrughasprovokednonegativereactionofsufficientsignificance“這種新藥還沒有引起足夠的負(fù)面反應(yīng)”，可知這里指從過去到現(xiàn)在的這段時(shí)間內(nèi)，新藥并未引起足夠的負(fù)面反應(yīng)。固定搭配todate“迄今為止”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

38.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)determine“決定；判定；限定”；B選項(xiàng)discourage“阻止；使氣餒”；C選項(xiàng)decrease“減少；減小”；D選項(xiàng)disclose“公開；揭露”。因?yàn)槠駷橹?，這種新藥還沒有產(chǎn)生影響很大的副作用，新藥的使用只是對(duì)一部分有需求的人而言的，所以這里應(yīng)該是指不會(huì)阻止它的使用。因?yàn)檫@里并沒有說使用者的數(shù)量，所以可以排除C選項(xiàng)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

39.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)uniqueness“獨(dú)特性；獨(dú)一無二”；B選項(xiàng)peculiarity“特性；怪癖”；C選項(xiàng)feature“特色，特征；容貌”；D選項(xiàng)scarcity“不足；稀缺”。結(jié)合第一段末尾句Butinspiteofitssuccess,lastyearonlyonegramwasproducedintheentireworld.“但盡管取得了成功，去年全世界只生產(chǎn)了一克?！庇纱丝芍匦幨欠浅Ｏ∪钡模缘诙纬薪拥谝欢蔚膬?nèi)容，開始分析造成稀缺的原因。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

40.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)treating“治療；對(duì)待”；B選項(xiàng)producing“生產(chǎn)；引起；生育”；C選項(xiàng)operating“操作；經(jīng)營(yíng)”；D選項(xiàng)handling“處理；操作”。句意：一種特殊的蛋白質(zhì)，干擾素從一種動(dòng)物中產(chǎn)生，不能用于……另一種動(dòng)物?？崭窈蟮男畔notherwords“換句話說”，totreathumanbeings“去治療人類”，意味著兩句的動(dòng)詞一致。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

41.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)potent“有效的；強(qiáng)有力的”；B選項(xiàng)slight“輕微的；少量的”；C選項(xiàng)obvious“明顯的；顯著的”；D選項(xiàng)obscure“不清楚的；不著名的”。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，這種藥物是非?！?，每次給每個(gè)病人的劑量都很小。藥品使用的劑量越小越能夠說明它更加強(qiáng)效。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

42.考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)However“然而；但是”；B選項(xiàng)Moreover“而且；此外”；C選項(xiàng)Hence“因此”；D選項(xiàng)Instead“反而”?？崭袂癠nlikeantibiotics,interferondoesnotattackgermsdirectly.“與抗生素不同，干擾素不直接攻擊病菌?！迸c空格后itmakesunaffectedcellsresistanttoinfection.“它讓未受影響的細(xì)胞抵抗感染?！保鶕?jù)邏輯關(guān)系可知主動(dòng)攻擊與保護(hù)是相反的，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

43.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)motivate“刺激；使有動(dòng)機(jī)”；B選項(xiàng)prevent“預(yù)防；阻止”；C選項(xiàng)strike“打擊；罷工”；D選項(xiàng)eliminate“消除；排除”。空格前一句itmakesunaffectedcellsresistanttoinfection“它讓未受影響的細(xì)胞抵抗感染”，也即是阻止未受影響細(xì)胞免受感染。因此and連接的并列句中的動(dòng)詞詞義應(yīng)與前一句保持一致。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

44.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)restrictive“限制的；約束的”；B選項(xiàng)dramatic“戲劇的；急劇的；引人注目的”；C選項(xiàng)probable“很可能的；可信的”；D選項(xiàng)crucial“重要的；決斷的”。句意：正如你可能得出的結(jié)論，干擾素最……用途之一是治療癌癥。后一句補(bǔ)充說到漢斯?斯特蘭德博士是瑞典著名的卡羅林斯卡研究所的研究醫(yī)生，他已經(jīng)用這種新藥治療了一百多名癌癥患者。由此可知，干擾素對(duì)于治療癌癥有重要用途。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

45.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)With“用；隨著”；