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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西幼兒師范高等??茖W(xué)校考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thethreeclimberscanemployaguideto()themontheirwayupthemountain.

問題1選項

A.guide

B.conduct

C.lead

D.direct

【答案】C

【解析】句意:那三個登山者可以在爬山的路上雇一個向?qū)ьI(lǐng)他們上山。

考查動詞辨析。guide帶領(lǐng),陪同……到目的地;conduct引導(dǎo),組織安排;lead帶路,引領(lǐng);direct把……對準(zhǔn),指路。因此C符合句意。

2.單選題

Someoftheworld’smostimportantmuseumsareconfirmingwhatwe’vesuspectedallalongbutdidn’tdaresay:selfiesticks(自拍桿)arestupid.

TheMuseumofModernArt(MoMA)hasbannedthesticksfromtheirexhibitionhallstopreventdamagetotheartwork.Ifyou’veeversetfootinMoMAyou’llknowwhatadifficultexperienceitcanbe.Notbecauseitisn’tanexceptionalartinstitutionthat’sgiventhemind-expandingexhibitions,butbecauseofotherpeople.TheMoMAisoneoftheworld’sbusiestmuseums—addselfiesticksamongthecrowdsandyou’vegotarecipefordisaster.

Thesamesituationcanbefoundatmanyfamoustouristlandmarks.Likeseatbelts,theselfiestickproblemdoesn’thithomeuntilsomeonegetshurt.Anincreasingnumberofsiteshaveseenthepotentialhazardandputastoptothingsbeforea“tragedy”occurs.TheAustralianOpenhasbannedselfiesticks.SportsandmusicstadiumsaroundLondonhavebannedthestick,aswell.

Yettherealissuebehindtheselfiestickistheselfieitself.It’ssomehowbecomesociallyacceptableforustotakethenarcissism(自戀)ofadolescenceandextenditthroughadulthood,manifestedinselfies.IadmitthatIdoenjoytheoccasionalguiltypleasureofaselfie,soIcan’tandwon’tbeahypocriteaboutit.

Whenitcomestotraveling,though,whenitcomestoonce-in-a-lifetimevisitstosacredlandmarksandworld-classmuseums,I’dhopethatwecouldallturnthelensawayfromourselves.

Orsimplyputthecameraaway.TravelwriterPaulTherouxoncetoldhisreaders:“Ineverbringacamera—becausetakingpictures,I’vefound,makesmelessobservantandinterfereswithmymemory.”Howmuchdowerelyonphotographstorememberourvacations?Doesitreallymatterthatwehaveapermanentdocumentationofeverymomentofourtravels?

Whatifweentirelyletgoofdocumentingandjustsimplyexperience?Itrieditforaday.ItiswhatIimagineskydivingwouldbelike:terrifyingatfirst,thenexcitingandfinally,whenIgotmymindtostopsubconsciouslyframingeverystreetscene,IbecamemorepresentthanI’veeverbeenonatrip.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutMoMA?

2.Asmentionedinthepassage,selfiestickshavebeenbannedinthefollowingeventsEXCEPT().

3.AccordingtoParagraph4,theauthorconsidersselfiesas().

4.TravelwriterPaulTherouxisquotedto().

5.In“IbecamemorepresentthanI’veeverbeenonatrip”(lastparagraph),theauthor’feelingcanbesummarizedas().

問題1選項

A.MoMAisoneofthemostvisitedmuseumsintheworld.

B.NoteveryoneappreciatestheexhibitionsinMoMA.

C.MoMAhastobeheavilyguardedtoprotecttheartwork.

D.TakingpicturesinMoMAcanbeapleasantexperience.

問題2選項

A.museumvisits

B.musicperformance

C.sportscompetition

D.touristsightseeing

問題3選項

A.awasteoftime

B.areallifesaver

C.sometimesenjoyable

D.mostlyboring

問題4選項

A.instructtravelersonhowtotakequalitypictures

B.remindpeopleofthebeautyofnaturallandmarks

C.persuadetravelersagainsttakingtoomanypictures

D.encouragepeopletotravelaroundtheworld

問題5選項

A.shocking

B.appreciating

C.exciting

D.confusing

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)第二段第四句theMoMAisoneoftheworld’sbusiestmuseums(現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館是世界上最繁忙的博物館之一),可知A選項“現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館是世界上參觀人數(shù)最多的博物館之一”正確。B選項“不是每個人都喜歡現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館的展覽”沒有提到。C選項“現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館必須戒備森嚴(yán)以保護(hù)藝術(shù)品”:根據(jù)第二段第一句TheMuseumofModernArthasbannedthesticksfromtheirexhibitionhallstopreventdamagetotheartwork.(現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館已經(jīng)禁止在他們的展廳內(nèi)使用棍子,以防止損壞藝術(shù)品。),可知現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館采取了措施保護(hù)藝術(shù)品,但不至于戒備森嚴(yán)。D選項“在MoMA拍照是一種愉快的經(jīng)歷”:根據(jù)第二段最后一句addselfiesticksamongthecrowdsandyou’vegotarecipefordisaster(在人群中使用自拍桿,簡直就是一場災(zāi)難),可知在現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館拍照并不愉快。因此A選項正確。

2.語義推測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Thesamesituationcanbefoundatmanyfamoustouristlandmarks(在許多著名的旅游景點也可以看到同樣的情況。)和第三句Anincreasingnumberofsiteshaveseenthepotentialhazardandputastoptothingsbeforea“tragedy”occurs.(越來越多的地點已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了潛在的危險,并在“悲劇”發(fā)生之前阻止了事情的發(fā)生。),在第三句后面講述禁止使用自拍桿的地方,可知許多人在旅游景點拍照,并且沒有禁止,故D選項“旅游景點”正確。根據(jù)第三段第四句和第五句TheAustralianOpenhasbannedselfiesticks.SportsandmusicstadiumsaroundLondonhavebannedthestick,aswell.(澳大利亞網(wǎng)球公開賽禁止使用自拍桿。倫敦周圍的體育和音樂廳也禁止使用自拍桿。),可知體育競賽、音樂廳禁止使用自拍桿,因此B選項“音樂廳”和C選項“體育競賽”錯誤。根據(jù)前文,A選項“博物館”錯誤。因此D選項正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句IadmitthatIdoenjoytheoccasionalguiltypleasureofaselfie(我承認(rèn)我確實很享受自拍的那種偶爾帶著罪惡感的快感),可知C選項“有時享受”正確。A選項“浪費時間”,B選項“拯救生活”和D選項“大多數(shù)時候無聊”沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)第六段第一句Orsimplyputthecameraaway.(或者干脆把相機(jī)收起來。),可知這一段在講述不要拍太多照片,最好不拍,引用作家的話用來舉例證明,故C選項“說服旅行者不要拍太多的照片”正確,A選項“指導(dǎo)游客如何拍攝高質(zhì)量的照片”錯誤。B選項“提醒人們自然景色的美”和D選項“鼓勵人們環(huán)游世界”沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

5.語義推測題。根據(jù)第七段最后一句ItiswhatIimagineskydivingwouldbelike:terrifyingatfirst,thenexcitingandfinally,whenIgotmymindtostopsubconsciouslyframingeverystreetscene,IbecamemorepresentthanI’veeverbeenonatrip.(這就是我想象中的跳傘的樣子:一開始很恐怖,然后很興奮,最后,當(dāng)我的大腦不再下意識地勾勒出每一個街景時,我變得比我以往任何一次旅行中都更真實。),可知作者的感受富于變化,從恐怖到興奮,最后欣賞這種方式,因此B選項“欣賞”正確。A選項“震驚”和D選項“困惑”的感受沒有。C選項“興奮”是其中一部分。因此B選項正確。

3.單選題

Partofthecostofmanyarticlesistakenastaxbythegovernment(

)thecommunity.

問題1選項

A.inplaceof

B.onaccountof

C.intermsof

D.onbehalfof

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。inplaceof意為“代替”;onaccountof意為“由于”;intermsof意為“依據(jù),按照”;onbehalfof意為“代表,為了”。

句意:部分物品的費用以稅收的形式由政府代表社會征收。

4.單選題

Themoretimescientistsspenddesigningcomputersthemoretheymarvelatthehumanbrain.Tasksthatbaffle(難?。﹖hemostadvancedsupercomputer—recognizingaface,readingahandwrittennote一arechild'splayforthe3-poundorgan.Mostimportant,unlikeanyconventionalcomputer,thebraincanlearnfromitsmistakes.Researchershavetriedforyearstoprogramcomputerstoimitatethebrain'sabilities,butwithoutsuccess.Nowagrowingnumberofdesignersbelievetheyhavetheanswer:ifacomputeristofunctionmorelikeapersonandlesslikeanover-growncalculatoritmustbebuiltmorelikeabrain,whichdistributesinformationacrossavastinterconnectedwebofnervecells,orneurons.

Conventionalcomputersfunctionbyfollowingachainlikesequenceofdetailedinstructions.Althoughveryfast,theirprocessorscanperformonlyonetaskatatime.Thisapproachworksbestinsolvingproblemsthatcanbebrokendownintosimplerlogicalpieces.Theprocessorsinaneural-networkcomputer,bycontrast,formanetworkmuchlikethenervecellsinthebrain.Sincetheseartificialneuronsareinterconnected,theycanshareinformationandperformtasksatthesametime.Thistwo-dimensionalapproachworksbestatrecognizingpatterns.

Insteadofprogramminganeural-networkcomputertomakedecisions,itsmakertrainsittorecognizepatternsinanysolutiontoaproblembyrepeatedlyfeedingexamplestothemachine.

Neuralnetworkscomeinallshapesandsizes.Untilnowmostexistedassoftwaresimulations(模擬品)becauseredesigningcomputerchipstookalotoftimeandmoney.Byexperimentingwithdifferentapproachesthroughsoftwareratherthanhardware,scientistshavebeenabletoavoidcostlymistakes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthatthemostadvancedsupercomputer().

2.WhatisNOTtrueofaconventionalcomputer?

3.Themainfeatureofaneural-networkcomputeristhat().

4.Theexpression"thistwo-dimensionalapproach"inthesecondparagraphrefersto().

5.Scientistsusesoftwareratherthanhardwareintheirexperimentsbecause().

問題1選項

A.canrecognizeafaceandreadahandwrittennote

B.canlearnfromitsmistakes

C.weighsonly3pounds

D.cannotdistributeinformationacrossaninterconnectedwebofnervecells

問題2選項

A.Itmustbeprogrammedbeforeitworks.

B.Itcanonlysolveoneproblematatime.

C.Itisgoodatsolvingoneproblematatime.

D.Itistrainedtorecognizepatternsinsteadofmakingdecisions.

問題3選項

A.itsprocessorsactasaninterconnectedwebofneurons

B.itisprogrammedtomakedecisions

C.itsnetworksareofallshapesandsizes

D.itsneuronsareartificial

問題4選項

A.theconventionalcomputerandtheneuralcomputer

B.makingdecisionsandrecognizingpatterns

C.sharinginformationandperformingtasks

D.thecomputerandthehumanbrain

問題5選項

A.itcanavoidredesigningcomputerchips

B.itcansavealotoftimeandmoney

C.itcanavoidmakingmistakes

D.itismorelikethehumanbrain

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句"ifacomputeristofunctionmorelikeapersonandlesslikeanover-growncalculatoritmustbebuiltmorelikeabrain,whichdistributesinformationacrossavastinterconnectedwebofnervecells,orneurons."可知選項D正確。

2.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知選項D指的是neural-networkcomputer而不是傳統(tǒng)計算機(jī)。所以選項D正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段第四句"Theprocessorsinaneural-networkcomputer,bycontrast,formanetworkmuchlikethenervecellsinthebrain."相比之下,神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)計算機(jī)中的處理器形成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)很像大腦中的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞。選項A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知,"thistwo-dimensionalapproach"指的是上文提到的shareinformationandperformtasks。所以選項C正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Byexperimentingwithdifferentapproachesthroughsoftwareratherthanhardware,scientistshavebeenabletoavoidcostlymistakes."通過用軟件而不是硬件來試驗不同的方法,科學(xué)家已經(jīng)能夠避免代價高昂的錯誤。選項B符合原文。

5.單選題

Theteacherlaidalotof____onpractice.

問題1選項

A.attention

B.focus

C.emphasis

D.word

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.attention注意B.focus關(guān)注

C.emphasis強(qiáng)調(diào)D.word詞語

【考查點】固定搭配

【解題思路】結(jié)合選項推測,原句語義為“這個老師非常重視實踐”,原文使用的表達(dá)為laidalotof____on。C選項emphasis“強(qiáng)調(diào)”符合搭配要求,其常用搭配為put/lay/placeemphasisonsth.“強(qiáng)調(diào)/重視某事”。

【干擾項排除】

A選項attention“注意”,常用搭配為pay/draw/attractattentionto,不符合原句搭配;

B選項focus“關(guān)注”,常用搭配為thefocusof/onsth.,不符合原句搭配;

D選項word“詞語”,不用于原文搭配。

【句意】這個老師非常重視實踐。

6.單選題

Mechanizationhasgradually()manyoftheranchingandagriculturaljobsonceavailabletotheIndians,andfewindustrieshavebeenattractedtothearea.

問題1選項

A.disposed

B.eliminated

C.discarded

D.terminated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A:disposed“處置”;B:eliminated“排除,消除;淘汰”;C:discarded“丟棄,拋棄”;D:terminated“結(jié)束;使終結(jié)”。句意:機(jī)械化逐漸使印度淘汰了許多牧場和農(nóng)業(yè)工作,而這地區(qū)很少吸引到工業(yè)。結(jié)合此處語境,工業(yè)化應(yīng)該是減少了農(nóng)牧業(yè)工作,因此B為正確答案。

7.單選題

AtfirstIdidnotawarethis,butwhenIfoundoutthenextdayfromanotherforeignguestatthehotel,aEuropean,Icouldn’tbelievemyears.

問題1選項

A.didnotaware

B.whenIfoundout

C.fromanotherforeignguestat

D.aEuropean,Icouldn’tbelieve

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】A

【解析】動詞誤用。A項aware改為know。aware是形容詞,而A項中didnot后面應(yīng)該接動詞。

8.單選題

I()thissoup,I()pepperinit.

問題1選項

A.amtasting...amtasting

B.amtasting...taste

C.taste...amtasting

D.taste...havetasted

【答案】B

【解析】第一個taste是動態(tài)動詞,表示動作正在進(jìn)行;第二個taste是感官動詞,用原型。

9.單選題

Itisnotunusualforchiefexecutivestocollectmillionsofdollarsayearinpay,stockoptions,andbonuses.Inthelastfifteenyears,whileexecutiveremunerationrose,taxesinthehighestincomebracketwentdown.Millionairesarenowcommonplace.

Amiabilityisnotaprerequisiteforrisingtothetop,andthereareanumberofchiefexecutiveofficerswithlegendarybadtempers.Itisnottheboss’sjobtoworryaboutthewell-beingofhissubordinatesalthoughthemanwithmanyenemieswillbesweptoutmorequicklyinhardtimes;itisthecompanyheworriesabout.Hisbusinesssavvyissupposedtobebasedonintimateknowledgeofhiscompanyandtheindustry,sohegoeshomenightlywithafullbriefcase.Attheverytop—andonthewayup—executivesareexceedinglydedicated.

TheAmericanexecutivemustbecapableofenoughsmalltalktogethimthroughthesocialpartofhisschedule,butheisprobablynotahighlyculturedindividualoranintellectual.Althoughhiswifemaybeontheboardofthesymphonyoropera,hehimselfhaslittletimeforsuchpursuits.Hisreadingmaylargelyconcernbusinessandmanagement,despiteinterestsinotherfields.Golfprovideshimwithasportiveoutletthatcombineswithsomeusefulsocializing.

Thesedays,heprobablyattemptssomeformofaerobicexerciseto“keeptheoldheartinshape”andforthesamereasongoeseasyonbutterandalcohol,andsubstancesthoughttocontributetotakinghighlystressedexecutivesoutoftherunning.Buthisdoctor’sadmonitionto“takeiteasy”fallsondeafears.Helikestowork.Heknowsthereareyoungermennippingathisheels.

Corporatehead-hunting,carriedonby“executivesearchfirms”,isagrowingindustry.Americahasgreatfaithinindividualtalent,anddynamicandaggressiveexecutivesaresoindemandthatcompaniesregularlyraideachother’smanagerialranks.

1.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat(

).

2.Theterm“aerobicexercise”(firstlineinsecondlastparagraph)isakindof(

).

3.Fromthelastparagraphwecangatherthat().

4.Forexecutives,accordingtothearticle,agolfcourseisaplacewhere().

5.WhatisNOTtrueaccordingtothearticle?

問題1選項

A.promotiondependsonamiability

B.chiefexecutivesdonotworkhardenoughatthetoplevel

C.itisthedutyofthechiefexecutivetolookafterthewell-beingofhissubordinates

D.achiefexecutiveisexpectedtoknowmoreabouthiscompanyandtheindustry

問題2選項

A.hallucinationexercise

B.physicalexercise

C.meditationexercise

D.entertainment

問題3選項

A.therearetoomanyaggressiveexecutives

B.individualtalentisnotessentialforacompany

C.thejobofan“executivesearchfirm”iscorporatehead-hunting

D.itisnotcommonforcompaniestoundermineeachother’smanagerialranks

問題4選項

A.theycanconducttheirbusiness

B.theycanindulgethemselves

C.theycancultivatetheirmind

D.theycanexerciseaswellassocialize

問題5選項

A.Executivestendtoignoredoctors’adviceandwarnings.

B.Executivesaresensitivetopressurefromtheyoungergeneration.

C.Allchiefexecutivescanearnmillionsofdollarsayear.

D.Executivesarecarefulofwhattheyeat.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,選項A,B,C均表述錯誤;只有選項D符合原文。

2.語義辨析題。根據(jù)原文句意可知,這種運動能夠“保持心臟健康”,由此可推測這是一種身體的鍛煉,選項中只有選項B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段首句“Corporatehead-hunting,carriedonby“executivesearchfirms”,isagrowingindustry.”可知選項C與原文相符。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“golf”定位到第三段最后一句“Golfprovideshimwithasportiveoutletthatcombineswithsomeusefulsocializing.”高爾夫不僅提供了一個運動的場所,還結(jié)合了一些有用的社交活動。選項D符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Itisnotunusualforchiefexecutivestocollectmillionsofdollarsayearinpay,stockoptions,andbonuses.”高管們每年通過薪酬、股票期權(quán)和獎金能獲得數(shù)百萬美元,這并不罕見。原文并沒說所有的主管都年入百萬,選項C表述太絕對,所以不正確。

10.單選題

Thosewhohaveneversufferedimpairmentofsightandhearingseldommakethefullestuseoftheirblessedfaculties.Theireyesandearstakeinallsightsandsounds().

問題1選項

A.lazily

B.indifferently

C.hazily

D.hastily

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。lazily“懶洋洋地”;indifferently“冷淡地,漠不關(guān)心地”;hazily“模糊地,朦朧地”;hastily“匆忙地,慌忙地”。句意:那些視覺和聽覺從未受到損害的人很少充分利用這些有幸獲得的官能,他們的眼睛和耳朵模糊地容納所有的景象和聲音。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞seldommakethefullestuseoftheirblessedfaculties(很少充分利用這些有幸獲得的官能)可知“模糊地或朦朧地”更符合語境,選項C符合題意。

11.單選題

Thejoysoftravel,havinglong()thedisabled,areopeninguptovirtuallyanyonewhohasthemeans.

問題1選項

A.omitted

B.missed

C.neglected

D.discarded

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項omitted“遺漏,省略”;B選項missed“錯過,投偏”;C選項neglected“忽視,疏忽”;D選項discarded“丟棄”。句意:長期以來被忽視的殘疾人旅行的樂趣正在向任何有辦法的人開放。這里表示的是“之前殘疾人士的旅行樂趣被忽視了”,因此C選項符合題意。

12.單選題

Asthepost-EnronwaveofcorporatescandalswashedoverAmericalastyear,acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.Farfromhavingtheworld’sbest-policedmarkets,theUnitedStates,manyEuropeanpoliticiansclaimed,suffereduniquelyfromalethalcombinationofgreedyandoverpaidbosses:conflictedauditorsandinvestmentbankers,relianceonaccountingrulesnotprinciples,andanobsessionwithquarterlyprofitnumbers.InAmerica,asmanyas1,200companieshavebeenforcedtorestatetheiraccountsinthepastfiveyears,inEuropethenumberisbarelyindoubledigits.Soitisoutrageous,manyEuropeansnowargue,thatAmericaisseekingtoimposetheunwieldySarbanes-Oxleyact,passedinthewakeofEnron,onEuropeancompanieslistedinNewYork.

AsmoresensibleEuropeanregulatorsrecognize,thissmugnesswasneverjustified;itisonlynecessarytorecallscandalssuchasVivendiandElan.ButEurope’sclaimofimmunityfromcorporateslacknesshasnowbeenblownoutofthewaterbythisweek’srevelationsthatRoyalAholdoftheNetherlandsoverstateditsprofitsfor200-02byasmuchas$500m.Thecompany’sAmsterdam-basedauditors,Deloitte&Touche,failedtopicktheproblemsupin2001,eventhoughworriesaboutAhold’saccountswerewidelyexpressedinthemarketsformostoflastyear.TheDutchmarketregulatoradmittedthisweekthatithadnopowersofdisciplineoverfaultyauditing.

Whatabouttherelativenumbersofrestatements?BecauseAmerica’sGAAPaccountingsystemreliesonthousandsofpagesofrules,itismorevulnerabletomanipulationthanEurope’smoreprinciples-basedapproach.Butgiventhelargelynon-existentregulationofauditorsandthepoorcorporategovernanceprevalentinmuchofEurope:amoreplausibleconclusionisthatEuropehashadfeweraccountingscandalsthanAmericamainlybecausenobodyhasseriouslylookedforthem,notbecausetheyarenotthere.

ThisisnottosaythatEuropeshouldadoptSarbanes-Oxleyintoto.ThathastilydraftedlawwasdesignedforAmerica’sverydifferentsystem.Manyofthelaw’srulesonmanagersandboardsseemundulyintrusiveevenforAmerica.Butstatutoryindependentregulationofauditors,asprescribedbySarbanes-Oxley,makessenseeverywhere.Sodorulestostopaccountingfirmsdoingconsultingworkforauditclients:anditisalsoworthconsideringmandatoryrotationofauditors.

ThecaseforindependentregulationisthestrongerbecauseEuropeanUnioncompaniesareduetoadoptinternationalaccountingstandardsby2005.Itislittleusetakingthiswelcomesteptowardstougherstandards,whichtheEuropeansareurgingonAmericaintheinterestsofglobalharmonization,ifthereisnobodytooverseetherules.YettheEuropeanFederationofAccountantsadmitsthat,insixEUcountries,thereisineffectnoenforcementatall.

21.Whichoffollowingit’strueaccordingtoParagraph1?

22.Thephrase“intoto”inParagraph4mostprobablymeans().

23.IncontrasttoAmerican,Europe,incopingwithfaultycorporateauditing,wouldattachimportanceto().

24.Itseemthattheultimatesolutiontotheproblemofcorporatescandalsliesin().

25.Accordingtotheauthor,theEuropeancorporatesituationis().

問題1選項

A.ManyEuropeanpoliticianswouldboastofimmunityfromAmerica’scorporateills.

B.Manycompaniessufferedfromtheirabsoluterelianceuponaccountingrules.

C.ManyEuropeansprotestedagainstAmerica’sprinciplesimposeduponEuropeanfirms.

D.ManyEuropeanregulatorsrespondedsensiblytothewaveofcorporatescandals.

問題2選項

A.baseduponsensibility

B.followinginahaste

C.givenadifferencesystem

D.actinginasimilarfashion

問題3選項

A.ruleenforcement

B.reliableprinciples

C.justifiedprescription

D.frequentrestatements

問題4選項

A.theinterestsofglobalharmonization

B.theindependentregulationofauditors

C.theadoptionoftougherstandards

D.thesupervisionofconsultingwork

問題5選項

A.fairlyoptimistic

B.quitepromising

C.somewhatdepressing

D.veryastonishing

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】21.推理判斷題。定位在首句Asthepost-EnronwaveofcorporatescandalswashedoverAmericalastyear,acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.(關(guān)于去年安然公司的丑聞,歐洲人的共同反應(yīng)是:這種情況不可能在歐洲發(fā)生。)以及原文中的舉例InAmerica,asmanyas1,200companieshavebeenforcedtorestatetheiraccountsinthepastfiveyears,inEuropethenumberisbarelyindoubledigits.(在美國,在過去的五年里,有1200家公司被迫重述他們的賬目,而在歐洲,這個數(shù)字僅僅是兩位數(shù)。)由此可以推論歐洲人都對自己國家很有信心。所以A選項“許多歐洲政客會吹噓可以免疫美國企業(yè)的弊病”正確。B選項“許多公司因完全依賴會計準(zhǔn)則而蒙受損失”說法過于絕對,錯誤,C選項“許多歐洲人抗議美國強(qiáng)加給歐洲公司的原則”,由C選項可以定位到第一段的最后一句Soitisoutrageous,manyEuropeansnowargue,thatAmericaisseekingtoimposetheunwieldySarbanes-Oxleyact,passedinthewakeofEnron,onEuropeancompanieslistedinNewYork.(因此,許多歐洲人現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為,美國正試圖把安然事件后通過的繁瑣的薩班斯-奧克斯利法案強(qiáng)加給在紐約上市的歐洲公司,這是令人氣憤的。)可知這只是一個想法,并未落實。因此C項不符合原文,錯誤。D選項“許多歐洲監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)對公司丑聞浪潮做出了明智的反應(yīng)”,根據(jù)原文acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.(歐洲人的共同反應(yīng)是:這種情況不可能在歐洲發(fā)生。)可知歐洲人是有些太過肯定與自信的,不符合明智的這一說法,所以D錯誤。故選A。

22.詞義推測題。A選項“基于感性”,B選項“急忙仿效”,C選項“給出一個不同的系統(tǒng)”,D選項“以類似的方式行動的”。定位到原文ThisisnottosaythatEuropeshouldadoptSarbanes-Oxleyintoto.(這并不是說歐洲就應(yīng)該……采取薩班斯-奧克斯利法案。),后一句ThathastilydraftedlawwasdesignedforAmerica’sverydifferentsystem.(這份匆忙起草的法律是為美國非常不同的體系設(shè)計的。)由此可知,作者認(rèn)為這項法案只適用于美國,對歐洲而言,是不需要和美國一樣采取這項法案的。因此D選項符合題意。故選D。

23.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到原文BecauseAmerica’sGAAPaccountingsystemreliesonthousandsofpagesofrules,itismorevulnerabletomanipulationthanEurope’smoreprinciples-basedapproach.(因為美國的GAAP會計體系依賴于數(shù)千頁的規(guī)則,它比歐洲的更基于原則的方法更容易被操縱。)由此可知,歐洲相比于規(guī)則而言,更傾向于基于原則的方式。A選項“規(guī)則的執(zhí)行”,由關(guān)鍵句可知,美國才是更注重規(guī)則的執(zhí)行的,偷換主語,錯誤。B選項“可靠的原則”符合題意,正確。C選項“合理的處方”,D選項“頻繁的重述”,C,D選項在文中并未涉及,可排除。故選B。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文Butstatutoryindependentregulationofauditors,asprescribedbySarbanes-Oxley,makessenseeverywhere.(但是,《薩班斯-奧克斯利法》規(guī)定的對審計師的法定獨立監(jiān)管,在任何地方都是行得通的。)而且定位在最后一段的首句ThecaseforindependentregulationisthestrongerbecauseEuropeanUnioncompaniesareduetoadoptinternationalaccountingstandardsby2005.(獨立監(jiān)管的情況更強(qiáng)大,因為歐盟公司將于2005年采用國際會計準(zhǔn)則。)由此可推出解決公司丑聞問題的最終辦法是對審計師的法定獨立監(jiān)管。所以B選項“對審計師的獨立監(jiān)管”正確。A選項“全球和諧的利益”在文中只是小部分陳述,與題意無關(guān),可排除。C選項“采用更嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”,根據(jù)原文Itislittleusetakingthiswelcomesteptowardstougherstandards,whichtheEuropeansareurgingonAmericaintheinterestsofglobalharmonization,ifthereisnobodytooverseetherules.(如果沒有人來監(jiān)督這些規(guī)則,朝著更嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)邁出這受歡迎的一步是沒有用的,歐洲為了全球協(xié)調(diào)的利益正敦促美國這樣做。)可知更嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在無人監(jiān)督的情況下,也是無效的。因此可排除C選項。D選項“咨詢工作的監(jiān)督”,定位到原文Sodorulestostopaccountingfirmsdoingconsultingworkforauditclients:anditisalsoworthconsideringmandatoryrotationofauditors.(所以規(guī)定禁止會計師事務(wù)所為審計客戶提供咨詢服務(wù)也是值得考慮強(qiáng)制輪換審計人員的。)對咨詢工作的監(jiān)督只是其中的一類,不能作為最終的解決辦法。故選B。

25.推理判斷題。定位到原文Butgiventhelargelynon-existentregulationofauditorsandthepoorcorporategovernanceprevalentinmuchofEurope:amoreplausibleconclusionisthatEuropehashadfeweraccountingscandalsthanAmericamainlybecausenobodyhasseriouslylookedforthem,notbecausetheyarenotthere.(但是考慮到審計機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)管基本上不存在,以及歐洲大部分地區(qū)普遍存在的糟糕的公司治理,所以有一個更可信的結(jié)論是,歐洲的會計丑聞比美國少,主要是因為沒有人認(rèn)真地去尋找這些丑聞,而不是因為它們不存在。)而第一段開始時就有說到歐洲人一致認(rèn)為這種事情絕對不可能在他們國家發(fā)生。由此可知歐洲公司的現(xiàn)狀是有些堪憂的。A選項“相當(dāng)樂觀”,B選項“很有前途的”,C選項“有點令人沮喪”,D選項“非常驚人的”,因此C選項符合題意,故選C。

13.單選題

Thequalityofteachingshouldbemeasuredbythedegree______thestudents’potentialityisdeveloped.

問題1選項

A.ofwhich

B.withwhich

C.inwhich

D.towhich

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語從句。句意:教學(xué)質(zhì)量應(yīng)該以學(xué)生潛能的開發(fā)程度來衡量。橫線及其后面部分是修飾degree的定語從句,根據(jù)固定搭配tothedegree確定用介詞to,D選項towhich符合題意。因此D選項正確。

14.單選題

Somejournalistsoftenoverstatethesituationsothattheirnewsmaycreateagreat

問題1選項

A.explosion

B.sensation

C.exaggeration

D.stimulation

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。createagreatsensation表示“引起轟動”

15.單選題

Lifeinsuranceisfinancialprotectionfordependentsagainstloss()thebreadwinner'sdeath.

問題1選項

A.atthecostof

B.onthevergeof

C.asaresultof

D.forthesake

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。atthecostof

以…為代價;onthevergeof接近于,

源臨于;asaresultof因為,

由于;forthesakeof為了…的緣故。句意:人壽保險可以在養(yǎng)家糊口的人死后,

為撫養(yǎng)其家屬提供經(jīng)濟(jì)保障。選項C符合句意。

16.單選題

Becauseofthetightermoneypolicy,(

)defenseforthecomingyearsisgreatlycut.

問題1選項

A.reservation

B.budget

C.allowance

D.finance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。reservation“預(yù)約”;budget“預(yù)算”;allowance“津貼”;finance“財政;金融”。句意:由于財政政策緊張,來年的國防預(yù)算大大縮減了。選項B符合題意。

17.單選題

Hotmetal______asitgrowscooler.

問題1選項

A.contracts

B.reduces

C.condenses

D.compresses

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.contracts(使)收縮,縮小B.reduces減少;降低

C.condenses(由氣體)冷凝,(使氣體)凝結(jié)D.compresses(被)壓緊,壓縮

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞cooler(變冷),結(jié)合常識可知,熱脹冷縮,所以空格處表示“縮小”,故該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】

B、C項不符合句意;

D項是指由于外力的壓縮造成的,不符合語境。

【句意】熱金屬一開始變冷就收縮。

18.翻譯題

本把小鳥拿到廚房,輕輕地放在地板上,它沒有動。本摘下蒙了水汽的眼鏡,把臉擦干。小鳥看著他,本輕輕地?fù)犴標(biāo)挠鹈?/p>

他仔細(xì)地查看受了傷的翅膀。看來沒有希望了,翅膀幾乎被打掉,子彈打碎了骨頭。本知道小鳥正在死去,但是他無能為力。他在想小鳥是不是很疼,一只小鳥能夠活多久?他想,那個捕殺者是對的,小鳥就快死了,活不了了。

【答案】Bentookthebirdtothekitchenandlaiditgentlyonthefloor.Itdidn’tmove.Bentookoffhisdampglassesanddriedhisface.Thebirdlookedathim,andBengentlysmootheditsfeathers.

Heexaminedtheinjuredwingcarefully.Thereseemedtobenohope.Thewingwasalmostblownoff,thebulletshatteredthebone.Benknewthebirdwasdying,buttherewasnothinghecoulddo.Hewonderedifthebirdwasinpain.Howlongwouldabirdlive?Thehunterwasright,hethought.Thebirdwasgoingtodie.

19.單選題

Ifyousaythatsomethingis(),youareemphasizingthatitcannotbejustifiedor,toleratedbecauseitisextremelybad.

問題1選項

A.inevitable

B.ineffective

C.inexcusable

D.inexplicable

【答案】C

【解析】inevitable必然的,不可避免的;ineffective無效的,不起作用的;inexcusable不可原諒的;inexplicable費解的。句意:如果你說某件事是不可原諒的,你是在強(qiáng)調(diào)它是不合理的或不能容忍的,因為它是極其糟糕的。選項C更符合語境。

20.單選題

The()ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromotherpartsofthecountry.

問題1選項

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項clash“沖突,不協(xié)調(diào)”;B選項clarify“澄清,闡明”;C選項clarity“清楚,明晰”;D選項clatter“嘩啦聲,嘈雜的談笑聲”。句意:泉水的()吸引了這個國家其他地方的許多游客。本句表達(dá)的意思是“泉水的嘩啦啦聲吸引了人們的注意”,因此D選項符合題意。

21.單選題

Atthedrugstore,thepharmacistrefusedtogivemeanymedicinebecauseshecouldnotread().

問題1選項

A.description

B.prescription

C.inscription

D.subscription

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:description“描繪,描述”;B:prescription“處方(醫(yī)生開出的)”;C:inscription“鑄幣上的刻印文字,銘文,碑文”;D:subscription“統(tǒng)一,贊成,訂閱”。句意:在藥房,醫(yī)師拒絕賣給我任何的藥物,因為她無法辨認(rèn)醫(yī)生的處方。由句意可知B為正確答案。

22.單選題

Hercinematicdebutwas()andshedecidedtoreturntothetheatrewheresheremainedfortherestofhercareer.

問題1選項

A.indelible

B.infallible

C.incredulous

D.inauspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。indelible“難忘的”;infallible“絕對可靠的”;incredulous“懷疑的,不輕信的”;inauspicious“不詳?shù)摹?。句意:她在電影中的初次登場讓人難忘,所以決定重新回到影壇來繼續(xù)她的事業(yè)。選項A符合題意。

23.翻譯題

世界發(fā)展還很不平衡、貧窮和饑荒仍然在一些落后地區(qū)肆虐。環(huán)境污染、毒品走私、跨國犯罪、嚴(yán)重傳染性疾病等跨國問題日益突出。人類實現(xiàn)和平和共同發(fā)展的理想還任重道遠(yuǎn)。

【答案】Thebenefitofdevelopmentspreadratherunevenlyintheworldaspovertyandhungerravagenoafewcountries.Manycross-boundaryproblemssuchasenvironmentalpollution,drugtrafficking,transnationalcrimesanddeadlycommunicablediseasehavebecomemoresalient.Allthishasmadeourroadtowarduniversalpeaceandcommondevelopmentabumpyandchallengingone.

24.單選題

Oneroomschools,withallsubjectsbeingtaughttoallgradesatthesametime,simply_____whenbettertransportationpermitsspecializedspacesandsp

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