考研考博-英語-昆明理工大學(xué)津橋?qū)W院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-昆明理工大學(xué)津橋?qū)W院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Somepeoplethinkthata（

）translation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthanafreetranslation.

問題1選項

A.literal

B.literary

C.liberal

D.linear

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。literal“照原文的，逐字的”；literary“文學(xué)的”；liberal“自由的”；linear“直線的”。句意：一些人認(rèn)為直譯或者逐字的翻譯要比意譯簡單。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Puttinginanewwindowwill（）cuttingawaypartoftheroof.

問題1選項

A.include

B.involve

C.contain

D.comprise

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項include“包含，包括，指包括屬于整體的部分，可以是具體的或抽象的”；B選項involve“包含；牽涉；使陷于，指必然包括某種結(jié)果，所接的事物通常是抽象的”；C選項contain“包含；控制，指容器裝有具體東西，含仍有剩余空間之意；也指包含具體之物或數(shù)據(jù)、信息等”；D選項comprise“包含；由…組成，既可指整體包含若干部分，也可指若干部分或成員構(gòu)成整體”。句意：新開一扇窗戶就得拆掉部分屋頂。doingAinvolves(doing)B表示“做A事包含做B這部分工作”，因此B正確。

3.單選題

Beforestartingmyownbusiness,Ihadto_______myboss'speculiarworkingplan.

問題1選項

A.playthedevilwith

B.playalongwith

C.playcheckmatewith

D.playthebearwith

【答案】B

【解析】playthedevilwith搞糟,使失敗;playalongwith參與;playcheckmatewith把……將死;使…一敗涂地;playthebearwith破壞。句意：在開始自己的事業(yè)之前,我必須參與老板獨特的工作計劃。選項B符合句意。

4.單選題

Brusselswarnedthatactionisneededtoavoidtherisksof（）effectsontheFrencheconomy,inviewofthecountry’scurrenteconomicdifficultiesanditsexcessivedeficit.

問題1選項

A.vulgar

B.spiral

C.divine

D.adverse

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項vulgar表示“粗俗的，通俗的”；B選項spiral表示“盤旋的，螺旋的”；C選項divine表示“神圣的，非凡的”；D選項adverse表示“不利的，相反的，敵對的”。由后文中的“thecountry’scurrenteconomicdifficultiesanditsexcessivedeficit”可知，目前法國的經(jīng)濟狀況已經(jīng)不佳，所以法案的提出需要避免對法國經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生不利影響。因此，本題正確答案為D選項。

5.翻譯題

（1）如果從狹義上去理解“進步”和“人類的狀況”，則人們可以甚為合理地說，人類在過去的一個世紀(jì)中幾乎沒有取得任何的進步。（2）全球數(shù)以百萬計的人仍生活在貧困之中，艾滋病正在奪走無數(shù)人的生命，而治愈方法遙遙無期。（3）戰(zhàn)爭和暴力在中東、非洲以及阿富汗持續(xù)不斷。（4）然而，持此狹隘的觀點，則有可能使人無視人類在過去一百年中已取得的顯而易見的巨大進步。（5）隨著人類繼續(xù)邁進21世紀(jì)，較為可取的做法應(yīng)該是全面認(rèn)識人類在過去100年中已經(jīng)取得的成就，并展望人類在下一個世紀(jì)中可能取得的進步，而不是對人類今日顯著改善的生存狀況視而不見。

【答案】1.Ifweunderstand“progress”and“thehumancondition”inanarrowsense,itisquitereasonabletosaythatmankindhasmadealmostnoprogressinthepastcentury.

2.MillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldstillliveinpovertyandAIDSiskillingmillionswithnocureinsight.

3.WarandviolencecontinueintheMiddleEast,AfricaandAfghanistan.

4.However,withsuchanarrowview,onewouldignoretheremarkableandhugeprogressthathumanityhasmadeinthepasthundredyears.

5.Ashumanitycontinuestomoveintothe21stcentury,itwouldbepreferabletotakeacomprehensiveviewofwhathasbeenachievedinthepast100yearsandlookforwardtotheprogressthatislikelytobemadeinthenextcentury,ratherthanturningablindeyetotheremarkableimprovementinhumanconditionstoday.

6.翻譯題

剪紙是中國最為流行的傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)形式之一。中國剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史，在明朝和清朝時期特別流行。形式多樣的剪紙手法可以說是很絕妙的，但剪紙藝術(shù)之獨特、栩栩如生的美的表現(xiàn)還要靠每一個藝術(shù)家的藝術(shù)造詣。

【答案】【參考譯文】Paper-cuttingisoneofthemostpopulartraditionalfolkartformsinChina.Chinesepapercuttinghasahistoryofmorethan1,500yearsandwasparticularlypopularduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Thediverseformsofpaper-cuttingtechniquescanbedescribedaswonderful,buttheunique,lifelikebeautyoftheartofpaper-cuttingdependsontheartisticattainmentofeachartist.

7.單選題

Frank’sremarkthathewas“slightlybruised”intheaccidentisa/an______;hesufferedtwofracturedribs.

問題1選項

A.synecdoche

B.metonymy

C.understatement

D.personification

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項synecdoche“提喻法”，B項metonymy“轉(zhuǎn)喻”，C項understatement“保守的陳述，不充分的陳述”，D項personification“人格化，化身，擬人法”。根據(jù)hesufferedtwofracturedribs“他兩根肋骨骨折”可知，F(xiàn)rank’sremarkthathewas“slightlybruised”intheaccidentisa/an______表示的是“弗蘭克說他在事故中有輕微擦傷只是保守的陳述”。句意：弗蘭克說他在事故中有“輕微瘀傷”是輕描淡寫的；他兩根肋骨骨折。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

8.單選題

JamesHenrySmithwasa_______ManchesterUnitedfaninlife,andevendeathcouldnotkeephimfromhisfavoritespotinarecliner,infrontofaTVshowinghisbelovedteaminaction.

問題1選項

A.zealous

B.gigantic

C.convertible

D.imperial

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項“zealous”意為“熱心的，熱情的，積極的”；B選項“gigantic”意為“巨大的，龐大的”；C選項“convertible”意為“可改變的；同意義的；可交換的”；D選項“imperial”意為“帝國的；皇帝的；至高無上的；威嚴(yán)的”。句意：詹姆斯?亨利?史密斯生前是一個狂熱的曼聯(lián)球迷，即使是死亡也無法阻止他坐在躺椅上，在電視機前觀看他心愛的球隊的比賽。由題干可知，即使是死亡也無法阻止他觀看心愛球隊的比賽，這說明他是個非?？駸岬那蛎浴Ｒ虼薃選項符合題意。

9.填空題

bully

democracy

destiny

loyal

renowned

Churchillbelievedthathewas（1）toleadhiscountry.HefoughtasasoldierinWorldWarIandledthecountrytovictoryinWorldWarII.Itseemsironicthataleaderofsuch（2）asChurchillcouldnotcountonthe（3）ofvotersin1945.However,ina（4）country,electorscannotbe（5）,andhehadtotoleratepoliticaldefeataftermilitaryvictory,andoncemoretohiscountryretreat,Chartwell.

【答案】1.destined

2.renown

3.loyalty

4.democratic

5.bullied

【解析】1.句意：丘吉爾相信他注定要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)他的國家。此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，因此填destined。

2.句意：像丘吉爾這樣聲名顯赫的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，因此填renown。

3.句意：像丘吉爾這樣聲名顯赫的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人卻不能指望選民的忠誠。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，因此填loyalty。

4.句意：在一個民主國家。此處應(yīng)用形容詞形式，因此填democratic。

5.句意：選舉人是不能被欺負(fù)的。此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，因此填bullied。

10.單選題

Thelecturerwanderedfromhistextto（）onapointthathadobviouslycaughthisaudience’sinterest.

問題1選項

A.elaborate

B.interrupt

C.explain

D.emphasize

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項elaborate“詳細(xì)說明，闡述；詳盡計劃（常與on連用）”；B選項interrupt“中斷；打斷；插嘴；妨礙”；C選項explain“說明；解釋”；D選項emphasize“強調(diào)，著重”。句意：這位演講者離開他的正文，去詳盡闡述明顯讓他的觀眾感興趣的一個觀點。結(jié)合句意，A選項正確。

11.單選題

Thetasteofthefoodwasso（）thatitwashardlynoticeable.

問題1選項

A.superior

B.prime

C.topic

D.subtle

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。superior“優(yōu)秀的，出眾的”；prime“主要的，基本的”；topic“話題，主題”；subtle“微妙的，難以捉摸的”。根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容“幾乎看不出來”，可知食物的味道是很微妙的，所以不易察覺。選項D符合句意。

12.單選題

AbustookhimtotheWestEnd,where,amongthecrazycoloredfountainsofillumination,shatteringtheblueduskwithgreenandcrimsonfire,hefoundthecaféofhischoice,atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots,behindthethousandwaitressesandcash-boxgirlsandblack-coatedfloormanagersandtemperamentallong-hairedviolinists,behindthemoundsofcauldronsofstewedsteak,thevanloadsofices,wereafewmenwhowenttoworkjugglingwithfractionsofafarming,whoknewhowmanyunitsofelectricityittooktofinishasteak-and-kidneypuddingandhowmanyminutesandsecondsawaitress(fivefeetfourinheightandinaveragehealth)wouldneedtocarryatrayofgivenweightfromthekitchenlifetothetableinthefarcomer.Inshort,therewasawarm,sensuous,vulgarlifefloweringintheupperstoreys,andacoldscienceworkinginthebasement.Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.

Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor,whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls,scentedair,thesensuousclamorofthestrings;and,ashestoodhesitatingamoment,halfdazed,therecame,bowing,asleekgraveman,olderthanhewasandfarmoredistinguishedthanhecouldeverhopetobe,whomurmureddeferentially:“Forone,sir?Thisway,please,”Shyly,yetproudly,Turgisfollowedhim.

1.That“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”suggeststhat（）.

2.Thefollowingwordsorphrasesaresomewhatcriticalofthetea-shopEXCEPT（）.

3.Initscontextthestatementthat“theplacewasbuiltforhim”meansthatthecaféwasintendedto（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesecondparagraphisNOTtrue?

5.ThefollowingarecomparisonsmadebytheauthorinthesecondparagraphEXCEPTthat（）.

問題1選項

A.modernrealisticcommercialismexistedbehindtheluxuriousappearance

B.therewasafundamentalfalsenessinthestyleandtheappealofthecafé

C.thearchitecthadmadeasensibleblendofoldandnewbuildingmaterials

D.thecaféwasbasedonphysicalfoundationsandrealeconomicstrength

問題2選項

A.“...turnedBabylonian”

B.“perhapsanewbarbarism”

C.“acresofwhitenapery”

D.“balancedtothelasthalfpenny”

問題3選項

A.pleasesimplepeopleinasimpleway

B.exploitgulliblepeoplelikehim

C.satisfyademandthatalreadyexisted

D.providerelaxationfortiredyoungmen

問題4選項

A.Thecaféappealedtomostsensessimultaneously.

B.Thecaféwasbothfullofpeopleandfullofwarmth.

C.Theinsideofthecaféwascontrastedwiththeweatheroutside.

D.Itstressedthecommercialdeterminationofthecaféowners.

問題5選項

A.theentrancehalliscomparedtoarailwaystation

B.theorchestraiscomparedtoamagnet

C.Turgiswelcomedtheliftlikeaconqueringsoldier

D.theinteriorofthecaféiscomparedtowarmcountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干：“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”，代表著_________。由引號部分的內(nèi)容，可以定位到文章第一段第三句話Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas，theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization，perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（它像城堡一樣高聳于其他建筑之上，確實是一個新時代的前哨，也許是一種新的文明，也許是一種新的野蠻；在薄大理石的后面是混凝土和鋼鐵，就像在奢侈的背后是數(shù)百萬便士，平衡到最后的半便士。）。根據(jù)上下文，it指代的是上文的awhitepalace.“justas”引導(dǎo)一個比較狀語從句，把“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”與“behindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny”進行比較。采用了象征的手法，“thinmarblefront”象征著外貌浮華，實則脆弱，“concreteandsteel”，象征著本質(zhì)現(xiàn)實，與商業(yè)無差。所以我們可以得出選項A“奢華外表的背后是現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)實主義的商業(yè)主義”，符合題意。B選項“咖啡館的風(fēng)格和魅力存在一個基本的虛偽”和D選項“咖啡館是基于物理基礎(chǔ)和真實的經(jīng)濟實力”，都是在說咖啡館的特征，故不符合題意。C選項“建筑師將新舊建筑材料合理地混合在一起”，此處不是在講建筑材料，而是通過建筑材料引申出更深刻的含義，故C選項錯誤。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項。

2.推理判斷題。題干：以下單詞除了______，都是在批判茶館。A選項的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.（一家已經(jīng)瘋了，變了樣的茶館。巴比倫，一座有萬盞燈的白色宮殿），Babylonian用于限定茶館，是一處用典，表示罪惡的、富麗的與critical意義一致，故排除A選項。B選項的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第三句話Ittoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;（它像城堡一樣高聳于其他建筑之上，確實是一個新時代的前哨，也許是一種新的文明，也許是一種新的野蠻），此處barbarism和civilization是對比關(guān)系，僅表達中性價值，故B選項錯誤。C選項的單詞定位到文章第一段第四句Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots（在背后的某個地方，隱藏在萬盞燈、大片的白色桌布和一排排令人眼花繚亂的閃閃發(fā)光的茶壺后面），此處體現(xiàn)了鋪張浪費，表達作者的批評，故排除C選項。D選項的單詞可以定位到文章第一段第三句話justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（就像在奢侈的背后是數(shù)百萬便士，平衡到最后的半便士。），此處象征著奢華外表的背后是現(xiàn)代現(xiàn)實主義的商業(yè)主義，也是批判的含義，故排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項。

3.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：文中的“theplacewasbuiltforhim”意味著咖啡館的目的是________。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后兩句話Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.（比如Turgis建造的巨大的茶館，不僅僅是為了尋找茶點，而是為了尋找所有不熟悉的奢侈品的魅力。也許他心里知道，人類已經(jīng)征服了半個已知的世界，掠奪了整個王國，卻從未有過這樣的奢侈。這地方是為他建造的），咖啡館的性質(zhì)是它富麗堂皇，鋪張浪費如宮殿，商業(yè)性強。本文全文都是對他的批判。A選項“以簡單的方式愉悅?cè)藗儭?，咖啡館并不簡單，而是奢侈，所以A選項不正確。B選項“利用像他這樣容易上當(dāng)?shù)娜恕保项}目對咖啡館批判的性質(zhì)，故B選項符合題意。C選項“滿足已經(jīng)存在的需求”，和D選項“為疲憊的年輕人提供放松”，在文中并未提及。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項。

4.推理判斷題。題干：以下關(guān)于第二段的陳述，不正確的是？文章第二段提到當(dāng)走到咖啡館內(nèi)部時，分別從視覺，嗅覺，聽覺的方面描述了內(nèi)部的情景，所以A選項“咖啡館同時吸引了大多數(shù)感官”，符合題意。B選項“咖啡館既充滿了人，又充滿了溫暖”，第二段并沒有提及咖啡館里面有沒有人，而溫暖也是由于其奢侈的裝修帶來的視覺感受，是一種諷刺，所以B選項不正確。第二段第三句話Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.（整個11月，街道上的陰暗、污濁和空氣都立刻被拋在腦后，遺忘了。屋里的氣氛是金黃的、熱帶的，像是糖果店的盛夏時節(jié)。），可知，C選項“咖啡館的內(nèi)部與外面的天氣形成了鮮明的對比”，正確。通過第二段整個的描述，都是在說咖啡館內(nèi)部的奢華，故D選項“它強調(diào)了咖啡館老板的商業(yè)決心”，也是正確的。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項。

5.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：以下是作者在第二段所做的類比，除了_________。由題干定位到文章第二段第一句話Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.（它還為許多其他的人建造，像往常一樣，他們都在那里。這似乎是人性的表現(xiàn)。大理石門廳里堆滿了令人眼花繚亂的糖果和蛋糕，擁擠得像火車站一樣。），可知A選項“入口大廳被比作一個火車站”，是作者做的比較，排除A選項。文章第二段第五句話whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls（一個年輕的猶太小提琴家?guī)ьI(lǐng)著一支管弦樂隊，他有著明亮的眼睛，對顫音的熱情，像磁鐵一樣吸引著無數(shù)女孩），可知B選項“管弦樂隊被比作一塊磁鐵”，也是作者用的比喻，排除B選項。由文章第二段第四句話theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery（里面的氣氛是金黃色的，充滿了熱帶氣息，像是糖果店的盛夏時節(jié)），可知D選項“咖啡館的內(nèi)部被比作溫暖的國家”，也是作者的比喻，故排除D選項。由第二段第五句話Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor（Turgis對電梯不屑一顧，他再一次為這一切的景象、聲音和氣味而興奮，爬上寬大的樓梯，一直走到他最喜歡的樓層），可知B選項“Turgis像一名勝利的士兵一樣歡迎電梯的到來”，不正確。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項。

13.單選題

Withfewexceptions,thelastwordsofhistory’sgreatplayershavebeenaboutasinterestingandupliftingasaphonebook.Wemayexpectpearlsofprofundityfromourexpiringartists,philosophers,andworldleaders,butmoreoftenweareleftwithdry-as-dustcliche.

Admittedly,it’snotexactlyfairtoexpectdeepinsightsintolife’smysterieswhenthedyingclearlyhaveotherthingsontheirminds—hell,forinstance,orunspeakablepain.Bullet-riddledFrancisco“Pancho”Villawasprobablypreoccupiedwhenhetoldacomrade,“Don’tletitendthisway.TellthemIsaidsomething.”Butdon’twehavetherighttoexpecteloquenceinthefinalstanzasoflegendarywordsmithslikeLordByronandJohannWolfgangvonGoethe?Byroncouldn’tbebotheredtoworkupadecentrhyme:“NowIshallgotosleep.Goodnight.”Goethe’slastwordweresodullbiographershavebeenobligedtoeditcreatively;“Openthesecondshuttersothatmorelightmaycomein”becamethemoresublime“Morelight!”(Thereis,bytheway,somedebatewhetherGoethe’slastwordswerenot,infact,“Comemylittleone,andgivemeyourpaw.’’)

AndoneisloathtomentionWhitman’slastbarbaricyawp:“Holdmeup;Iwanttoshit.”LegendarywagOscarWilde’slastwordswerenothingmorethanshoptalk.Commentingonanovelhehadrecentlyread,Wildesaid,“ThisisafinestudyoftheAmericanpoliticianandpossessesthequalityoftruthincharacterization.Whatelsehastheladywritten?”

Queenshaveleftlittlemoreforthelivingtochewon.ElizabethIwaswhiny(“Allmypossessionsforamomentoftime”),whileMarieAntoinettewasclumsybutpolite:“Pardonnez-moi,Monsieur,”shesaid,aftertreadinguponherexecutioner’stoe.

Ironically,itmayhavebeentherelativelyobscurewhodeliveredhistory’sbestexitlines.HasanyonedepartedthescenebetterthanminorEnglishplaywrightHenryArthurJones,who,askedwhomhewouldprefertositwithhimduringtheevening,hisnurseorhisniece,replied,“Theprettier.Nowfightforit.”ActorEdmundGwennwasterse:“Dyingiseasy.Comedyisdifficult.”AndyouhavetoadmirethesinglenessofpurposeinthelastwordsofFrenchgrammarianDominiqueBouhours:“Iamaboutto—orIamgoingto—die;eitherexpressionisused.”Forsheerentertainmentvalue,youcan’tbeatthelastwordsofcondemnedprisoners,particularlyifyouhaveafondnessforgraveyardhumor.Askedbythefiringsquadcommanderifhehadalastrequest,JamesRogessaid,“Whyyes.Abullet-proofvest!”andyou’vegottoloveacondemnedmurdererwhocancontinuetocutupfromtheelectricchair.“Howaboutthisforaheadlineintomorrow’spaper,”JamesFrenchsaid.“FrenchFries!”

Somelastwordswillforeverremainanenigma,theirmeaninggonetothegravealongwiththeirspeakers.HenryDavidThoreau’s“Moose,Indian,”forinstance,andtheeerielastwordsofJohnWilkesBoothasheemergedfromaburningbarn,fatallywounded,lookedathishandsandmuttered,“Useless,useless.”Inasimilarvein,whattomakeofconductorLeonardBernstain’slastwords“What’sthis?”ornovelistVictorHugo’s“Iseeblacklight”?

Tome,themostgenuinelastwordsarethosethatarisenaturallyfromthemoment,suchasVoltaire’sresponsetoarequestthatheforswearSatan:“Thisisnotimetomakenewenemies.”Comparethattothestagy,obviouslyrehearsed“Nowcomesthemystery”(HenryWardBeecher)orLudwigvanBeethoven’s“Friends,applaud.Thecomedyisover.”

ItmaywellbethatplanningyourlastwordsisnomoreprofitableapursuitthanpreparingourNovelPrizeacceptancespeech.WhocansaywhentheGrimReaperwilltapabonyfingeronyourshoulder?ItisunlikelythatpoetDylanThomasthought“I’vehad18straightwhiskeys.Ithinkthat’stherecord”wasgoingtobeswansong.

Coulditbethat“greatlastwords”areamythofthehaleandhearty,andthattheexpiringunderstandthatthedeathbedisnoplacefor11th-houphilosophizing?Didn’tChristhimselfsignoffwiththeunpretentious“Itisfinished”?Besides,whyshouldthemundaneactofdyingbringoneanyclosertothetruth?KarlMarxmayhavehaditright,foronce,whenheansweredhishousekeeper’srequestforlastwordswith:“Goon,getout!Lastwordsareforfoolswhohaven’tsaidenough!”

26.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsfamouslastwordsis（）.

27.Accordingtotheauthor,whenFrancisco"Pancho"Villagavehislastwords,he（）.

28.TheauthortakesByron,GoetheandWildeasexamplestoshowthat（）.

29.Accordingtotheauthor,thelastwordsof（）werecomparativelygood.

30.Theauthorthinksthereallastwordsshouldbethose（）.

問題1選項

A.sympathetic

B.satirical

C.callous

D.incensed

問題2選項

A.mightbethinkingofsomethingelse

B.triedtomakethemmoreeloquent

C.wantedtotellasecrettoacomrade

D.wasunwillingtodieatanearlyage

問題3選項

A.biographersusuallyrevisethelastwordsofthegreatwriters

B.justlikeaveragepeople,thedyingwordsmithshaveaconfusedmind

C.itisdisappointingthattheyfailedtoleavesomememorablewords

D.itposesagreatcontrastbetweentheirworksandlastwords

問題4選項

A.EdmundGwenn

B.WaltWhitman

C.HenryDavidThoreau

D.MarieAntoinette

問題5選項

A.illuminatingandhigh-sounding

B.preparedinadvance

C.conciseandvivid

D.givenimprovisationally

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】26.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“…butmoreoftenweareleftwithdry-as-dustcliche.（但更常見的情況是，我們只剩下枯燥無味的陳詞濫調(diào)）”“Lastwordsareforfoolswhohaven’tsaidenough（遺言是留給那些話還不夠多的傻瓜們的）”即可得出本題答案。

27.

事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Francisco‘Pancho’Villa”,可將信息點定位至原文第二段，根據(jù)“Admittedly,it’snotexactlyfairtoexpectdeepinsightsintolife’smysterieswhenthedyingclearlyhaveotherthingsontheirminds—hell,forinstance,orunspeakablepain.（誠然，將死亡的人心里顯然還有其他事情——比如地獄，或者難以言喻的痛苦——時，期望對生命的奧秘有深刻的洞見是不公平的。）”即可得出本題答案。

28.

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“Byron,GoetheandWilde”，可將信息點定位至原文第二段第五到第六句。根據(jù)“Byroncouldn’tbebotheredtoworkupadecentrhyme:“NowIshallgotosleep.Goodnight.”（拜倫不厭其煩地寫了一首優(yōu)美的詩：“現(xiàn)在我要睡覺了。晚安?！保薄癎oethe’slastwordweresodullbiographershavebeenobligedtoeditcreatively（歌德的臨終遺言如此乏味，傳記作家不得不創(chuàng)造性地編輯）”，即可推斷得出本題答案。

29.

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字，將信息點定位至原文第五段，“Ironically,itmayhavebeentherelativelyobscurewhodeliveredhistory’sbestexitlines.（具有諷刺意味的是，可能是相對不太知名的人說出了歷史上最好的遺言。）”“ActorEdmundGwennwasterse:“Dyingiseasy.Comedyisdifficult.”（演員埃德蒙?格溫（EdmundGwenn）簡潔地說：“死亡很容易。喜劇是很困難的?！保┘纯傻贸霰绢}答案。

30.

細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“reallastwords”可將信息點定位至原文第七段，根據(jù)“Tome,themostgenuinelastwordsarethosethatarisenaturallyfromthemoment,suchasVoltaire’sresponsetoarequestthatheforswearSatan:‘Thisisnotimetomakenewenemies.’（在我看來，最真實的臨終遺言是那些從那一刻起就自然出現(xiàn)的遺言，比如伏爾泰（Voltaire）對請求他放棄撒旦的回應(yīng)：‘現(xiàn)在不是制造新敵人的時候。’）”，即可得出本題答案。

14.單選題

Asthemanagerwasawayonabusinesstrip,Iwasaskedto（

）theweeklystaffmeeting.

問題1選項

A.preside

B.introduce

C.chair

D.dominate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:因為經(jīng)理在外出差，我被要求一周一次的員工會議。

preside主持，擔(dān)任會議主席,后面一般接介詞over;introduce介紹；chair擔(dān)任會議的主持;dominate控制；支配,故選C。

15.單選題

Nowadays,acellphoneserviceisavailabletoeveryone,everywhere.Probablythousandsofpeoplehavealreadybeenusingit,butIjustdiscoveredit,soI'mgoingtoclaimitandalsonameit:FakeFoning.

Thetechnologyhasbeenworkingwellformeattheoffice,butthereareinfiniteapplications.Virtuallyinanypublicspace.

Sayyouworkatabiguniversitywithlotsoftalkyfacultymembersbuzzingabout.Now,sayyouneedtousetherestroom.Thetripdownthehallwilltakeapproximatelyonehour,becauseapersoncan’twalkintothosetalkypeoplewithoutgettingpulledasideforaquestion,abitofgossip,anewreadonacertainlineofParadiseLost.

So,acellphone.Anycellphone.Justpickitup.Don'tdial.Justholdthatphonetoyourfaceandstarttalking.Walkconfidentlydownthehallengagedinfakeconversation,makingsuretotailorboththetopicandcontenttothepersonstandingbeforeyouwhomyouaretryingtoevade.

Forstandardcolleagueavoidance,Isuggestfakechattingaboutfakebusiness:

“Yes,I’mgladyoucalled,becausewereallyneedtohammeroutthedetails.What’sthat?Yes,IreadPage12,butifyoulookatthebottomof4,Ithinkyoucanseetheproblembeginsrightthere.”

Beengagedinyourfakefoneconversation.Makeeyecontactwiththepeoplepassing,nodtothem,gesturekeeninterestintalkingtothematalatertime,pointtoyourphone,shrugandmoveon.

Shoppersshouldconsiderfakefoninganytimetheyspotatalkyneighborintheproducedepartmentpinching(用手捏)unripepeaches.Withoutyourphoneatyourface,you'dbeinfora20-minutespeechonhowterribletheworldis.

Oneimportantcautionaboutfakefoning.TheotherdayIwasfakefoningmywaypastacolleague,andhewasactuallyfollowingmetogetmyattention.IknewhewantedtoaskaboutaprojectIhadnotyetfinished.Iwastryingtobuymyselfsometime,soIcontinuedfakefoningwithmydoctor.“SoIdon’tneedtheoperation?Oh,doctor,thatisthebestnews.”

Andthen:Brrrrrrng!Brrrrrmg!Brrrrrmg!Myphonestartedringing,righttherewhileitwasplantedonmyface.Mycolleaguelookedatme,andIathim,andnaturallyIgasped.“Whatisthematterwiththisthing?”Isaid,pullingthephoneawaytolookatit,andthenputtingitbacktomyear.

“Hello?Areyoustillthere?”

Oops.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisINCORRECT?

2.Whatisfakingfoning?

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,inordertomakefoninglookrealonehasto

4.Whatdoesthelastexampleshow?

5.Afterhisphonesuddenlybeganringing,theauthor

問題1選項

A.Cellphoneserviceispopularamongpeople.

B.Fakefoningisanewcellphoneservice.

C.Cellphonehasmuchuseinoffice.

D.Fakefoningisanewdiscovery.

問題2選項

A.Adevicenewlyproduced.

B.Astrategytoavoidpeople.

C.Aserviceprovidedeverywhere.

D.Askillofcommunication.

問題3選項

A.talkaboutinterestingmatters.

B.holdthephonewhilewalking.

C.appearabsorbedinconversation.

D.behavepolitelytopeoplepassingby.

問題4選項

A.Onehastobecarefulwhilefakefoning.

B.Oneeffectivewayistofakefoneone’sdoctor.

C.Fakefoningmaynotdeceivepeople.

D.Fakefoingisalwaysquitesuccessful.

問題5選項

A.immediatelystartedtalkingtothecaller.

B.immediatelystartedtalkingtohiscolleague.

C.putthephoneawayandstoppedtalking.

D.continuedwithhisfakingconversation.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本題要找出說法錯誤的選項，可采用排除法。文章第一句提到任何人在任何地方都可以使用手機服務(wù)，因此選項A“手機服務(wù)對人們來說很普遍”正確。B選項說fakefoning是一項新的手機服務(wù)，明顯錯誤。而由文章第二段可知，這種方法在辦公室非常有用，故C項正確。文章第一段第二句指出可能已經(jīng)有相當(dāng)多的人在用這種方法了，但作者才剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)，故D項正確。因此本題正確答案應(yīng)為B項。

2.推理判斷。本題詢問fakefoning的含義，這正是文章的主題。雖然原文沒有給出fakefoning的確切定義，但通過原文內(nèi)容推理可知，fakefoning就是假裝接聽手機的意思。而foning也假借了ph的發(fā)音，其含義其實就是phoning。由原文第四段和第五段可以看出，這種假裝接電話的目的是colleagueavoidance，故B選項正確。其余選項均為對文中語句的混淆解釋。

3.推理判斷題。題干詢問“為了讓假接手機看起來更真實，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該怎么做”。由原文第四段最后一句可知，要根據(jù)你想要避開的人而改變談?wù)摰闹黝}和內(nèi)容，因此不能只談?wù)撚腥さ脑掝}，故A項錯誤。而“走路的時候拿著手機”顯然也不能單純地提高真實性，故B項錯誤。根據(jù)原文第七段可知，要專注接聽電話，對路過的人只需用眼神交流一下，點點頭，同時還要指指電話，表示在講電話，只能以后再聊，但并不能推斷出這種禮貌地回應(yīng)能讓假接手機看起來更真實，故D項錯誤。只有C項“裝成投入到交談中的樣子（沒有注意到旁人）”最真實，最符合題意。因此，本題正確答案為C選項。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問文中最后一個例子的含義，其實也就是詢問最后四段的主旨。這個例子是講作者有一次在假裝接電話時，正好有一個電話打進來，作者只好急中生智，裝成手機出問題斷線了，而自己還不知道后面又繼續(xù)通話，可見假接電話也要多加小心，故A選項正確。在這個例子中，作者只是剛好假裝在和醫(yī)生通話，故B選項錯誤。C選項認(rèn)為fakefoning可能欺騙不了別人，是片面的，作者就很巧妙地化解了尷尬局面，成功騙了同事。選項D說假裝接電話總是成功的，根據(jù)最后這個例子來看這也未必，還是需要小心的。因此本題正確答案為A選項。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段可知，當(dāng)電活鈴?fù)蝗豁懫饡r，作者正好與同事四目相對，但是作者并未驚慌，只是很自然地說道：“這東西出什么毛病了?”同時拿開手機看了一下，然后重新放回耳邊說到：“喂喂喂，還在嗎?”由此可以看出，作者是對同事說了一句話，因此本題正確答案為B選項。

16.單選題

InEngland,alongastretchofthenortheastcoastwhichgentlycurvesfromNorthumberlandtotheestuaryoftheriverTees,therewasaspot,typicalofmanyonthatcoast,whereseacoalwascollectedrichlyandeffortlessly.Thiscoalwasacoarsepowder,cleanandbrilliant.Itseemedtobearlittleresemblancetothelarge,filthylumpsputontothefire.Althoughitwascoal,itwasperfectlycleananditwassilentlydepositedathightideinaglitteringcarpetakilometerlongforthelocalcommunitytogatherup.

Thegearneededforsea-coalingexpeditionswasacuriousandtraditionallyprovenassortmentwhichnevervariedfromcommunitytocommunityalongtheentirenortheastcoastline.Sackswereessentialtoputthecoalin,andstringtotietheneckofeachsackwhenitisfull.Awoodenrakewasusedtoscrapethecoalfromthebeach.Theonlyalternativetotherakewasaflatpieceofboardheldinthehand.Aflat,boardshoveltolifttherakedcoalintothebags,completedtheportablehardware.

Butthemostcrucialitemofequipmentwasabicycle,aspecialkindofrustystriped-downmodelwhichwasthesymbolofthesea-coalingcraft.Alady’sbikewasnogoodbecauseitlackedacrossbar,andthatwasanessentialelementintransportingseacoal.Onefullsackcouldbeslu