考研考博-英語-天津藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Reading（）themindonlywithmaterialsofknowledge;itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.

問題1選項

A.rectifies

B.prolongs

C.furnishes

D.qualifies

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。rectifies改正；prolongs延長；furnishes提供；qualifies準(zhǔn)予，取得資格。furnish…with提供…;句意：閱讀只為心靈提供知識素材，只有思考才能讓我們閱讀的內(nèi)容成為我們自己的知識。只有C項符合句意。

2.填空題

Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecan(1)verypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayorintheearliestrecordsofancientlanguages(2)showuslanguageinanewandemergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatlanguageoriginated(3)criesofanger,fear,painandpleasure,butthenecessaryevidenceisentirelylacking:therearenoremotetribes,noancientrecords,(4)evidenceofalanguagewithalargerproportionofsuchcriesthanwefindinEnglish.Itistruethattheabsenceofsuchevidencedoesnotdisprovethetheory,butonothergrounds,thetheoryisnotveryattractive.People(5)allracesandlanguagesmakerathersimilarnoisesinreturntopainorpleasure.ThefactthatsuchnoisesaresimilaronthelipsofFrenchmenandMalaysianswhoselanguagesareutterlydifferentservestoemphasize(6)thefundamentaldifference(7)thesenoisesandlanguageproper.Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetoalargeextentwhereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsist(8)signsbutofthosethathavetobelearnt.

【答案】1.【答案】make

2.【答案】that/which

3.【答案】in

4.【答案】providing

5.【答案】of

6.【答案】on

7.【答案】between

8.【答案】of

【解析】1.【考查點】搭配。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處缺少一個動詞，做主語從句中的謂語動詞，根據(jù)賓語statements可知，makestatementsabout為常用搭配，表示“表明，闡述”。因此，該空格處填入make。

【句意】綜上所述，必須清楚的是，沒有人能夠斷言語言的起源。

2【考查點】定語從句。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格后面應(yīng)該為一個定語從句修飾限定前面的material（資料），因此空格處應(yīng)填入一個定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。因此，該空格處填入that/which。

【句意】在現(xiàn)今的任何語言或最早的古代語言記錄中，都沒有任何材料能夠以一種新的、新興的狀態(tài)向我們展示語言。

3.【考查點】搭配。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵詞originate可知，originatein為固定搭配，表示“起源于，源于”。因此，該空格處填入in。

【句意】當(dāng)然，人們常說，語言起源于憤怒、恐懼、痛苦和快樂的哭喊。

4.【考查點】搭配。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子已經(jīng)有系動詞are，而空格處缺少一個動詞，所以只能用非謂語動詞的形式，由空格處后面的賓語evidence（證據(jù)）可知，空格處填入providing符合句意。

【句意】沒有任何遙遠(yuǎn)的部落，沒有任何古老的記錄，能證明有一種語言中這種叫喊的比例比我們在英語中發(fā)現(xiàn)的還要高。

5.【考查點】搭配。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填入一個介詞連接people和allracesandlanguages（所有種族和語言），故此處填入of，表示“所有種族和語言的人”。

【句意】所有種族和語言的人都發(fā)出類似的聲音來反饋痛苦或快樂。

6.【考查點】搭配。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵詞emphasize可知，emphasizeon為固定搭配，表示“強調(diào)”。因此，該空格處填入on。

【句意】法國人和馬來西亞人的語言完全不同，但他們嘴上的聲音卻很相似，這是為了強調(diào)根本的區(qū)別。

7.【考查點】搭配。

【解題思路】Difference后面的介詞常用between或in，根據(jù)空格后的thesenoisesandlanguage（這些噪音和語言）可知，between…and…（在……和……之間）符合，因此，該空格處填入between。

【句意】法國人和馬來西亞人的語言是完全不同的，但他們嘴上的這種聲音是相似的，這就強調(diào)了這些聲音與語言本身的根本區(qū)別。

8.【考查點】搭配。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵詞consist可知，consistof為固定搭配，表示“由……組成，由……構(gòu)成”。因此，該空格處填入of。

【句意】我們可以說，痛苦的叫喊或娛樂的笑聲很大程度上是反射行為，在很大程度上是本能的，而恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言并不由符號組成，而是由那些必須學(xué)會的符號組成。

3.單選題

Manyproblemsthatweface,suchasdepression,compulsiveandaddictivebehaviors,andanxiety,resultfromhumaninherentdesiretoseekpleasure.

問題1選項

A.consecutive

B.excessive

C.obsessive

D.possessive

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.consecutive連貫的；連續(xù)不斷的B.excessive過多的

C.obsessive強迫性的；著迷的D.possessive占有的；所有的

【答案】C

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】劃線單詞前面說我們面臨許多行為，這些行為有抑郁和成癮性行為，以及焦慮，都是一些不好的行為，劃線處單詞與這些行為并列，由此可知劃線處單詞也是不好的行為。所以C選項“強迫性”符合題意。劃線單詞compulsive“強迫性的”。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項均不符合句意。

【句意】我們所面臨的許多問題，如抑郁、強迫性和成癮行為，以及焦慮，都是源于人類內(nèi)在的尋求快樂的欲望。

4.單選題

Theteamhasbeenworkingovertimeontheresearchproject（

）.

問題1選項

A.lately

B.justnow

C.late

D.longago

【答案】A

【解析】考察副詞詞義辨析。lately“近來，不久前”；justnow“剛剛”；late“晚，遲；在晚期”；longago“很久以前”。句意：這個團隊近來一直在為這個項目加班。選項A符合題意。

5.單選題

Johnsaidthattherichercountriesoftheworldshouldmakea（）efforttohelpthepoorercountries.

問題1選項

A.futile

B.glittering

C.frantic

D.concentrated

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。futile“徒勞的”；glittering“閃閃發(fā)光的”；frantic“狂亂的”；concentrated“集中的”。句意：約翰說更富裕的國家應(yīng)該集中去幫助貧窮的國家。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Childrenalwaysare（）aboutthingstheydonotknow.

問題1選項

A.curious

B.queer

C.strange

D.quaint

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。Curious“好奇的”；queer“奇怪的”；strange“奇怪的”；quaint“離奇有趣的”。句意：孩子們往往對他們所不知道的事情感到好奇。選項A符合題意。

7.翻譯題

1999年，中國開始進入老齡化社會。2004年年底,60歲以上的人口達(dá)到1.43億，占全國人口總數(shù)的10.97%。至此，中國成為世界上擁有最多老齡人口的國家。有專家說1990年到2033年是中國的“人口紅利”(populationbonus)期,出生率下降，老齡人口還不算太多，這一時期是有助于經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的。

2010年到2013年中國勞動力人口將達(dá)到9億人，在這之后“紅利”會變成“赤字”，也就是說，這以后需要照顧的老齡人口會迅速增加。據(jù)說2030年后的二十年是中國老齡化最嚴(yán)峻的時期。因此，要做好充分準(zhǔn)備，好好利用人口紅利期來解決嚴(yán)重的老齡化問題。

有報告稱，中國是典型的成為富裕國家前就面臨老齡化社會的國家。這是長期的問題，也需要很長時間才能解決。中國一直堅持計劃生育政策，人口增長的趨勢得到了有效的控制。據(jù)估計，中國到2030年的總?cè)丝趯⑦_(dá)到14.65億，屆時會面臨老齡化和人口出生率下降兩大壓力，這也一定會給國家的經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展帶來巨大的壓力。

這份報告還指出，中國在解決老齡化問題的意識、條件及法規(guī)上都嚴(yán)重滯后，因此，必須把這個問題的解決納人到未來國家發(fā)展策略中。我們要及早關(guān)注老齡化人口的醫(yī)療資源，完善社會保障體系。在老齡人口達(dá)到頂峰前，建立一個健全的國家性社會保障機制。

【答案】Since1999,Chinahasenteredintoasituationoftheagingsociety.Therewillbe143millionChineseaged60orover,accountingfor10.97percentofthepopulationtotheendof2004.Atthispoint,ChinabecamethecountrywhohavethelargestnumberofAgingpopulation.SomeexpertssaythatitisChina’spopulationbonusbetween1990and2033whenbirthrateisdecreasedandthenumberofoldpeopleisnottoomuch,whichhelpstodeveloptheeconomies.

Thetotalworkingagepopulationwillreach900millionfrom2010to2013.Afterthat,the“populationbonus”willturn“demographicdeficit”,whichmeansthatcaringfortheincreasingnumberofelderlypeoplewillgrowsrapidly.ItissaidthattheworstofthecrisisforChina’sagingpopulationhitthetwentyyearsafter2030.Therefore,weshouldbewellpreparedsoastodealwiththeseriousproblemofagednessbymakingfulluseofpopulationdividend.

Chinaisthetypicalcountryfacingtheagingpopulationbeforebeingrichoneaccordingtoareport.It’sgoingtobeaperennialproblemandcouldtakealongtimetoresolve.Chinahasstucktoitsfamily-planningpolicytoefficientlycontrolthetendencyofincreasingpopulation.ItisestimatedthatChina’stotalpopulationwillreach1.465billionin2030whenthegovernmentwouldfaceanagingpopulationandadecreasedbirthrate,whichwillalsoblockthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety.

Thereportalsopointsoutthatforchinathereareseriouslagsintheconsciousness,therealityofconditionsandtherelevantregulationsaboutagingpopulation,andthusweshouldputitintotheoverallnationaldevelopmentstrategiclayout.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothemedicalresourcesontheagingpopulationsasearlyaspossible,improvethesocialsafetynet,andsetuptheall-sidedguaranteeingsystembeforetheagingpopulationreachesthepeak.

8.單選題

WhatdoyouthinkofTom’sproposalthat______putontheplayattonight’sceremony?

問題1選項

A.wewillnot

B.wenot

C.wehadn’t

D.wewouldn’t

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：湯姆提議我們不在今晚的典禮上演出，你覺得怎么樣?“一個堅持（insist）、兩個命令（order,command）、三個建議（advise,suggest,propose）、四個要求（demand,require,request,ask）”這類虛擬語氣由“should+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國英語中通?？梢允÷裕訠選項wenot符合題意。因此B選項正確。

9.單選題

Amtrak（美國鐵路客運公司）wasexperiencingadownswinginridership（客運量）alongthelinescomprisingitsrailsystem.OfmajorconcerntoAmtrakanditsadvertisingagencyDDBNeedham,werethelong-distancewesternrouteswhereridershiphadbeendecliningsignificantly.Atonetime,trainsweretheonlypracticalwaytocrossthevastareasofthewest.Trainswerefast,veryluxurious,andquiteconvenientcomparedtootherformsoftransportationexistingatthetime.However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.Therefore,thetaskforDDBNeedhamwastoencourageconsumerstoconsiderotheraspectsoftraintravelinordertochangetheirattitudesandincreasethelikelihoodthattrainswouldbeconsideredfortravelinthewest.

Twoportionsofthetotalmarketweretargeted:1）anxiousfliers—thoseconcernedwithsafety,relaxation,andcleanlinessand2）travel-lovers—thoseviewingthemselvesasrelaxed,casual,andinterestedinthetravelexperienceaspartoftheirvacation.Theagencythendevelopedacampaignthatfocusedontravelexperiencessuchasfreedom,escape,relaxation,andenjoymentofthegreatwesternoutdoors.Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.

Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.Resultswereimpressive.TheEmpireBuilder,whichwasfocusedoninonead,enjoyeda15percentincreaseinprofitsonitsChicagotoSeattleroute.

1.What'stheauthorspurposeinwritingthispassage?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedropinAmtrakridershipwasduetothefactthat（）.

3.Toencourageconsumerstotravelbytrain,DDBNeedhamemphasized（）.

4.Thetrainadswereplacedamongfamily-orientedTVprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericabecause（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theEmpireBuilderenjoyedanincreaseinridershipandprofits

because（）.

問題1選項

A.Toshowtheinabilityoftrainstocompetewithplaneswithrespecttospeedandconvenience

B.TostresstheinfluenceoftheautomobileonAmerica'sstandardofconvenience

C.Toemphasizethefunctionoftravelagenciesinmarketpromotion

D.Toillustratetheimportantroleofpersuasivecommunicationinchangingconsumerattitudes

問題2選項

A.trainswerenotsuitableforshortdistancepassengertransportation

B.trainswerenotthefastestandmostconvenientformoftransportation

C.trainswerenotasfastandconvenientastheyusedtobe

D.trainscouldnotcompetewithplanesintermsofluxuryandconvenience

問題3選項

A.thefreedomandconvenienceprovidedontrains

B.thepracticalaspectsoftraintravel

C.theadventurousaspectsoftraintrips

D.thesafetyandcleanlinessoftraintrips

問題4選項

A.theycouldfocusonmeaningfultravelexperiences

B.theycouldincreasetheeffectivenessoftheTVprograms

C.theirprofitscouldbeincreasedbysome15percent

D.mosttravel-loversandnervousflierswerebelievedtobeamongtheaudiences

問題5選項

A.theattractivenessofitsnameandroutewaseffectivelyadvertised

B.itprovidedanexcitingtravelexperience

C.itspassengerscouldenjoythegreatwesternoutdoors

D.itwaswidelyadvertisedinnewspapersandmagazinesinChicagoandSeattle

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。本文主要講述了美國鐵路客運公司為應(yīng)對飛機和汽車的競爭所采取的應(yīng)對策略，Amtrak將焦急的飛行者和旅游愛好者視為目標(biāo)群體，然后對其進行廣告的投放，最終取得一定效果。故作者的意圖是強調(diào)廣告的勸說性功能在改變消費者態(tài)度方面的作用。故D項正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段“However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.然而，時代變了，汽車成為了美國方便的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。而且，航空旅行很容易就成為長途旅行最快的方法。”可知美國鐵路客運量下降主要是由于汽車和飛機的出現(xiàn)，火車不再是最快且最方便的交通方式。故B項正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第二段“Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.它強調(diào)了乘坐火車所獲得的體驗，并將西方火車旅行描述為美妙的冒險?！笨芍狣DBNeedham強調(diào)火車旅行的冒險性。故C項正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由最后一段“Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.這些廣告被戰(zhàn)略性地放置在以家庭為導(dǎo)向的涉及自然和美國的電視節(jié)目中，以便最有效地觸及目標(biāo)觀眾?！笨芍@些廣告投放主要是為了能讓目標(biāo)觀眾看到，而前面已經(jīng)提及目標(biāo)觀眾是travel-lovers和fliers。故D項正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)廣告展示了一些更著名的西部路線沿線可以欣賞的美麗風(fēng)景的圖片，并強調(diào)了這些火車的浪漫名字（帝國建造者等）?！笨芍蹏ㄔ煺咛柫熊嚨目土髁可仙窃从诹熊嚨拿趾蛷V告中宣稱的路線和風(fēng)景。故A項正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

10.單選題

______abombontheroad,thecarwasstopped.

問題1選項

A.Havingseen

B.Thedriverseeing

C.Seeing

D.Afterseeing

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.Havingseen看到B.Thedriverseeing司機看到

C.Seeing看到

D.Afterseeing在看到……后

【答案】B

【考查點】獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子已經(jīng)有謂語動詞wasstopped，因此空格處需填入一個非謂語動詞。主句主語是thecar（汽車），非謂語動詞see的邏輯主語應(yīng)該是thedriver（司機）。因此應(yīng)用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞/代詞+非謂語動詞。因此B項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句子邏輯。

【句意】司機看到路上有炸彈，于是把車停了下來。

11.單選題

Reductioninoverseasgovernmentexpendituretookplace,but（

）andmoregraduallythannowseemsdesirable.

問題1選項

A.reluctantly

B.unwittingly

C.impulsively

D.anxiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。reluctantly“不情愿地”；unwittingly“不知不覺地”；impulsively“有推動力的”；anxiously“不安地，憂慮地”。句意：海外政府開支有所減少，但是比現(xiàn)在所期望的要勉強并且緩慢。選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

Theleadersofthemythopoeticmen'smovementbelievethatmodernizationhasledtothefeminizationofmen.Mythopoetsbelievethattheriseoftheurbanindustrialsociety"trappedmenintostraitjacketsofrationality,thusbluntingthepowerfulemotionalcommunionandcollectivespiritualtranscendencethattheybelievemenintribalsocietiestypicallyenjoyed".Mostimportantly,themovementseekstorestorethe"deepmasculine"tomenwhohavelostitintheirmoremodernlifestyles.Othercausesforthelossofthe"deepmasculine"include:Mennolongerbeingcomradeswhocelebratedtheirmasculinitytogether.Rather,theyhadbecomecompetitorswithintheirworkplaces;Menspendingmoretimeintheirhouseswithwomenthantheydidwithmen(innon-competitivetermsoutsideofwork).Excessiveinteractionwithwomengenerallykeptmenfromrealizingtheirinternalmasculinity;Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis);Theseparationofmenfromtheirfatherskeptthemfrombeingtrulyinitiatedintomanhood,andwasasourceofemotionaldamage.Menweresufferingfurtheremotionaldamageduetofeministaccusationsaboutsexism.Menshouldcelebratetheirdifferencesfromwomen,ratherthanfeelingguiltyaboutthem.Menisbeingdiscouragedfromexpressingtheiremotions.Maleinexpressivityisanepidemicanddoesnotcorrespondtotheir"deepmasculine"natures.Groupsofprimarilywhite,middle-aged,heterosexualmenfromtheprofessionalclassretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertojoininspiritualritualsthatemphasizedhomosociality,withthecentralgoalofreclaimingthepartsoftheirmasculinitythattheyhadlostcalledthe"deepmasculine."Becausemostmennolongerperformmasculinerituals,mythopoetsassertthatmenhavemutatedintodestructive,hypermasculinechauvinists,or,intheoppositedirection,havebecometoofeminized.Themythopoeticmenperformedritualsatthesegatherings,whichweremeanttoimitatethoseperformedbytribalsocietieswhenmeninitiatedboysintoadeeplyessentialnaturalmanhood.Themovementemphasizedtheimportanceofincludingmultiplegenerationsofmenintherituals,sothatthemencouldlearnaboutmasculinityfromthosewhowereolderandwiser.Characteristicoftheearlymythopoeticmovementwasatendencytoretellmyths,legendsandfolktales,andengageintheirexegesisasatoolforpersonalinsight.UsingfrequentreferencestoarchetypesasdrawnfromJungiananalyticalpsychology,themovementfocusedonissuesofgenderrole,genderidentityandwellnessforthemodernman(andwoman).Advocateswouldoftenengageinstorytellingwithmusic,theseactsbeingseenasamodernextensiontoaformof"newageshamanism"popularizedbyMichaelHarneratapproximatelythesametime.Themovementsoughttoempowermenbymeansofequatingarchetypalcharacterswiththeirownemotionsandabilities.Forinstance,MichaelMessnerdescribestheconceptof"Zeusenergy"asemphasizing"maleauthorityacceptedforthegoodofthecommunity".Beliefsabouttheemotionalsystembasedinarchetypesofgreatmen,mythopoetssoughttochannelthesecharactersinthemselves,sothattheycouldunleashtheir"animal-males".ThisgroupprimarilyanalyzedthearchetypesofKing,Warrior,Magician,LoverandWildman.

Asaself-helpmovementthemythopoeticmovementtendsnottotakeexplicitstancesonpoliticalissuessuchasfeminism,gayrightsorfamilylaw(suchastheissuesofdivorce,domesticviolenceorchildcustody),preferringinsteadtostayfocusedonemotionalandpsychologicalwell-being.Becauseofthisneutrality,themovementbecameasiteofsocialcriticismbyfeminists,andwasoftencharacterizedasanti-intellectualaswellasapolitical.MichaelMessneroncegaveaspeechatagathering,inwhichheaddressedthedangersofcelebratingthewarrior,asinstancesofrapearehigherincountriesthatglorifywar.Themythopoetsrespondedthattheywerenotinterestedinintellectualorpoliticalpursuits,butwereprimarilyconcernedwithconductingspiritualandemotionalwork.Additionalfeministcritiquerevolvedaroundthemovement'sabsenceofwomen'sperspectives,aswellastheessentialisminthemovement'steachings.

1.Themythopoeticmen'smovementcanbestbeunderstoodas（

）.

2.Themythopoeticmen'smovementconsistsofgroupsofmenwhoretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertostrivefor

（

）.

3.Theideathatmodernizationhasledtothefeminizationofmenmeansthat

（

）.

4.Therootissueis

（

）.

5.Accordingtothetext,thecausesforrapemustbesoughtin（

）.

問題1選項

A.amen'sliterarymovement

B.amen'sliberationmovement

C.amen'srightsmovement

D.asecond-wavefeministmovement

問題2選項

A.gayrights

B.same-sexmarriage

C.masculinity

D.myths,legendsandfolktales

問題3選項

A.mencannotbethemselves

B.mencannolongermakefriends

C.men’svoicehavechanged

D.mencannotexpressthemselves

問題4選項

A.feminism

B.masculinity

C.sex

D.gender

問題5選項

A.thecelebrationofthearchetypeofthewarrior

B.theunleashingofmen's“animal-males”

C.domesticviolence

D.thelossofmasculinerituals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。題干問的是：男權(quán)的神話運動可以被看作是?第一段指出：themovementseekstorestorethe“deepmasculine”tomenwhohavelostitintheirmoremodernlifestyles（這一運動旨在恢復(fù)那些在現(xiàn)代生活方式中喪失了“真男兒氣概”的男人），以及Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis)（女權(quán)主義引起了人們對“女性聲音”的關(guān)注，也因為此，男權(quán)的神話運動中的男人感到他們的聲音被壓制了（盡管布萊和其他人都很小心地不把這歸咎于女權(quán)主義），以及Themovementsoughttoempowermenbymeansofequatingarchetypalcharacterswiththeirownemotionsandabilities（該運動試圖通過將原型人物與他們自己的情感和能力匹配起來以賦予男性力量）。由此可以看出男權(quán)的神話運動呼吁男子氣概，男性力量和男性權(quán)利。故選C項“男子權(quán)利運動”。

第2題:2.根據(jù)題干定位至第一段：Groupsofprimarilywhite,middle-aged,heterosexualmenfromtheprofessionalclassretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertojoininspiritualritualsthatemphasizedhomosociality,withthecentralgoalofreclaimingthepartsoftheirmasculinitythattheyhadlostcalledthe“deepmasculine.”（活動組成員主要是白人、中年男性和異性戀男性，他們暫離了愛人，為了參加強調(diào)同性交際，目標(biāo)是恢復(fù)他們失去的，被叫作“真男兒氣概”的男子氣概的活動儀式。），因此C項“男子氣概”正確。

第3題:3.語義題。題干所在句的后面句子指出：Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis)（女權(quán)主義引起了人們對“女性聲音”的關(guān)注，也因為此，男權(quán)的神話運動中的男人感到他們的聲音被壓制了（盡管布萊和其他人都很小心地不把這歸咎于女權(quán)主義）。而且文章說男權(quán)的神話運動目的是恢復(fù)男子氣概，倡導(dǎo)“男權(quán)”。因此男權(quán)的神話運動倡導(dǎo)者說：“現(xiàn)代化導(dǎo)致了男人的女性化”意思是“男性沒有發(fā)言權(quán)了”，因此D項正確。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。文章多次提到女權(quán)主義對男性女性化的影響。由此推斷最根本的問題在于女權(quán)主義。故選A。

第5題:5.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位至第二段：MichaelMessneroncegaveaspeechatagathering,inwhichheaddressedthedangersofcelebratingthewarrior,asinstancesofrapearehigherincountriesthatglorifywar（邁克爾梅斯納曾在一次集會上發(fā)表演講，他在會上談到了為戰(zhàn)士慶祝的危險，因為在那些宣揚戰(zhàn)爭的國家，強奸的發(fā)生頻率更高）。由此可見強奸的發(fā)生歸因于為戰(zhàn)爭英雄慶祝。故選A。

13.翻譯題

Theonlyadvice,indeed,thatonepersoncangiveanotheraboutreadingistotakenoadvicetofollowyourowninstincts,touseyourownreason,tocometoyourownconclusions.

Ifthisisagreedbetweenus，thenIfeelatlibertytoputforwardafewideasandsuggestionsbecauseyouwillnotallowthemtofetter(禁錮)thatindependencewhichisthemostimportantqualitythatareadercanpossess.Afterall,whatlawscanbelaiddownaboutbooks?ThebattleofWaterloowascertainlyfoughtonacertainday；butisHamletabetterplaythanLear?Nobodycansay.Eachmustdecidethatquestionforhimself.

Everywhereelsewemaybeboundbylawsandconventions—therewehavenone.Then,howarewetobringorderintothismultitudinouschaosandgetthedeepestandwidestpleasurefromwhatweread?

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclasses—fiction，biography，poetry—weshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatitisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionswhenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor；trytobecomehim,Behisfellow-workerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback，andreserveandcriticizeatfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Butifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible，thesignsandhintsofalmostimperceptiblefineness,fromthetwistandturnofthefirstsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofahumanbeingunlikeanyother.

“Wehaveonlytocompare”—withthosewordsthecatisoutofthebag,andthetruecomplexityofreadingisadmitted.Thefirstprocess,toreceiveimpressionswiththeutmostunderstanding,isonlyhalftheprocessofreading；itmustbecompleted,ifwearetogetthewholepleasurefromabook,byanother.

Wemustpassjudgmentuponthesemultitudinousimpressions;wemustmakeofthesefleetingshapesonethatishardandlasting.

【答案】如果我們對此達(dá)成共識，我就可以無拘束地提出一些看法和建議，因為你不會讓這些看法和建議禁錮你的獨立見解，而獨立見解正是讀者應(yīng)該具備的最重要的品質(zhì)。

在其他任何一個地方，我們都會受到法律和習(xí)俗的約束，唯獨在讀書方面沒有。

毋庸諱言，既然書籍有類別之分——比如小說、傳記、詩歌等，我們就應(yīng)該將它們加以區(qū)分，并從各種不同類別的圖書中獲取有益的內(nèi)容。

倘若你從未開卷便先行猶豫退縮、有所保留、批評苛求，那么你就在妨礙自己從閱讀中最大限度地獲取有用價值。

我們必須對各種感受進行梳理和鑒別：把變幻不定的印象固化為明確和持久的感受。

14.單選題

Ifyourepeatedlyfindyourself_______oragreeingtorequestsyouarereluctanttofulfillandfeelingunhappyabout,youmightwanttolookatsomereasonswhyyousayyeswhenyouprefertosayno.

問題1選項

A.abstaining

B.acquiescing

C.accommodating

D.articulating

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項“abstaining”意為“（投票時）棄權(quán)；回避；自制”；B選項“acquiescing”意為“默許；勉強同意”；C選項“accommodating”意為“容納；使適應(yīng)；供應(yīng)；調(diào)解”；D選項“articulating”意為“清晰地發(fā)（音）；明確有力地表達(dá)；用關(guān)節(jié)連接；使相互連貫”。句意：如果你不斷地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己默許或同意那些你不愿去滿足或感到不開心的要求，你可能想看看為什么你在更想說不的時候卻說“是”的原因。由題干可知，or是并列連詞表選擇，說明橫線處與agreeing（同意）意思相近，acquiescing有默許，勉強同意的意思。因此B選項符合題意。

15.單選題

Therulewillnolongerpermitustouseasevidencestatementsthathavebeenobtainedusingcruel,inhuman,ordegradinginterrogationmethods.

問題1選項

A.punching

B.disturbing

C.questioning

D.rejecting

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.punching拳打，以拳痛擊B.disturbing打擾，干擾

C.questioning正式提問，質(zhì)詢D.rejecting拒絕接受，不予考慮

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】interrogation的意思為“審問”，這里指不能用殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的審訊方法，questioning與之詞義相近，因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】該規(guī)則不再允許我們使用通過殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的審訊方法獲得的證詞作為證據(jù)。

16.單選題

Therehasbeennothingmoreastonishingintheprogressofwarwhichisreallytheapplicationofthemechanicsofforcetohumannature（

）

thepositionthatpublicopinionoccupies.

問題1選項

A.as

B.to

C.than

D.better

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。nothingmore...than...意思為“沒有什么比……更加……”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格后面是名詞“position位置”，而前面有nothingmore出現(xiàn)，再結(jié)合上下文意思，故推斷選項C為最佳答案。句意為：戰(zhàn)爭實際上是武力作用于人性，在這個過程中，沒有什么比公眾輿論占據(jù)的地位更讓人吃驚的了。

17.單選題

Itwassoscorchinglyhotthatthewaterdropletsfallingonitdidn’tstayatall.Theyjust（）.

問題1選項

A.evacuated

B.evaporated

C.eliminated

D.escaped

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項evacuated“疏散；撤出”；B選項evaporated“蒸發(fā)；消失”；C選項eliminated“消除；排除”；D選項escaped“逃離；逃脫”。句意：天這么熱，掉下來的水滴一點兒都沒留下，都……了。水滴在陽光的炙熱下會蒸發(fā)掉。因此B選項符合題意。

18.單選題

Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear,fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastonecar,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition.

In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplightwerevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresultsfromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomationprocess,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnorsavetherich.

In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthecountrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid.

Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestrictureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Ye